Swiftにおけるインポートとリンクの仕組みを探る

Swiftにおけるインポートとリンクの仕組みを探る
iOSDC 2019

Transcript

1. Swiftʹ͓͚ΔΠϯϙʔτͱ
   ϦϯΫͷ࢓૊ΈΛ୳Δ
   

   View Slide

2. ࠓ೔࿩͢͜ͱ
   • SwiftͰओʹ࢖༻Ͱ͖ΔϥΠϒϥϦͷܗࣜ
   
   • ֤ܗࣜͷҧ͍ͱಛ௃
   
   • Πϯϙʔτͱ͸Կ͔
   
   • ϥΠϒϥϦΛImport͢ΔͨΊʹඞཁͳ͜ͱ
   
   • ϦϯΫͱ͸Կ͔
   
   • ϥΠϒϥϦΛϦϯΫ͢ΔͨΊʹඞཁͳ͜ͱ
   

   View Slide

3. ϚχϡΞϧͰઃఆ
   XcodeͷػೳΛར༻͢Δ
   CocoaPods, CarthageΛར༻͢Δ
   ϥΠϒϥϦͷར༻ํ๏
   

   View Slide

4. ϚχϡΞϧͰઃఆ
   XcodeΛར༻͢Δ
   CocoaPods, CarthageΛར༻͢Δ
   ໰୊ղܾͷ೉қ౓
   Hard
   Easy
   

   View Slide

5. ϚχϡΞϧͰઃఆ
   XcodeΛར༻͢Δ
   CocoaPods, CarthageΛར༻͢Δ
   ໰୊ղܾͷ೉қ౓
   Hard
   Easy
   

   View Slide

6. ͳͥΠϯϙʔτͱϦϯΫʹ͍ͭͯ
   ஌Δඞཁ͕͋Δͷ͔
   • ιϑτ΢ΣΞ։ൃͰ֎෦ͷϥΠϒϥϦΛར༻͢ΔͨΊ
   
   • ϥΠϒϥϦΛར༻͠ͳ͍͜ͱ͸ͳ͍ʢe.g. UIKitʣ
   
   • ϥΠϒϥϦͷར༻ऀͱͯ͠ɺར༻ʹ·ͭΘΔτϥϒϧΛղܾͰ
   ͖Δ
   
   • ϥΠϒϥϦͷ࡞੒ऀͱͯ͠ɺ഑෍ͷํ๏Λٕज़తʹ൑அͰ͖Δ
   
   • ϦϯΫͷઃఆ͸ར༻ऀ͕΍Δ΋ͷͳͷͰར༻ऀͷεΩϧͷ޲্
   ͸ɺ࡞੒ऀɾར༻ऀͱ΋ʹϋοϐʔʹͳΔɻ
   

   View Slide

7. ͳͥΠϯϙʔτͱϦϯΫ͕
   ೉͍͠ͷ͔
   • ϥΠϒϥϦ͸ݟͨ໨Ͱ൑அͰ͖ͳ͍ҧ͍͕େ͖͍
   
   • SwiftͰ͸IDE΍ίϯύΠϥʢυϥΠόʔʣʹΑΔ҉໧తͳॲཧ͕
   ଟ͍
   
   • ΠϯϙʔτͱϦϯΫ͸ಉ࣌ʹղܾ͞ΕΔΑ͏ʹΈ͑Δ͕ɺ࣮ࡍʹ
   ͸̎ͭʢҎ্ʣͷҟͳΔϑΣʔζͱϓϩηε
   
   • Τϥʔ͕ىͬͨ͜ͱ͖ɺද૚ͷΤϥʔϝοηʔδ͔Β͸ݪҼ͕ಡ
   ΈऔΕͳ͍
   
   • ಉ͡ΤϥʔϝοηʔδͰ΋ݪҼ͸͞·͟·
   

   View Slide

8. ͳͥΠϯϙʔτͱϦϯΫ͕
   ೉͍͠ͷ͔
   • ൚༻తͳ஌ࣝͱXcode΍Swiftݻ༗ͷ஌ࣝͷ྆ํ͕ඞཁ
   
   • ݕࡧ͢ΔͱࣅͨΤϥʔϝοηʔδͷؔ܎ͳ͍࿩͕ͲΜͲΜ
   ग़ͯ͘Δ
   
   • Java΍RubyɺJavaScriptͳͲ͸VMͰಈ͘ͷͰωΠςΟϒ
   ίʔυͱͷϦϯΫΛΑΓ΋ચ࿅͞Εͨ࢓૊Έ͕͋Γɺͦ
   ͕͜τϥϒϧʹͳΔ͜ͱ͸গͳ͍
   

   View Slide

9. ࣮͸Τϥʔͷύλʔϯ͸গͳ͍
   

   View Slide

10. ࣮͸Τϥʔͷύλʔϯ͸গͳ͍
    

    View Slide

11. ࣮͸Τϥʔͷύλʔϯ͸গͳ͍
    

    View Slide

12. ࠓ೔ͷ࿩ͰಘΒΕΔ͜ͱ
    • ϥΠϒϥϦͷܗࣜʹؔ͢Δ஌ࣝ
    
    • ΠϯϙʔτͱϦϯΫͷ஌ࣝ
    
    • ΠϯϙʔτͱϦϯΫʹ·ͭΘΔτϥϒϧղܾͷೳྗ
    جૅ
    Ԡ༻
    • ϥΠϒϥϦ࡞੒ʹ͓͚Δ഑෍ܗଶͷٕज़൑அ
    
    • ύοέʔδϚωʔδϟͷߴ౓ͳར༻
    

    View Slide

13. ϥΠϒϥϦʹ͍ͭͯ
    

    View Slide

14. ϥΠϒϥϦͷܗࣜ
    ֤ܗࣜͷҧ͍ͱಛ௃
    

    View Slide

15. ϥΠϒϥϦͷܗࣜͱҧ͍
    ϥΠϒϥϦͷܗࣜͱҧ͍
    ΠϯϙʔτͱϦϯΫʢXcodeΛ࢖༻ͯ͠ઃఆʣ
    ΠϯϙʔτͱϦϯΫʢϚχϡΞϧ࡞ۀͰઃఆʣ
    Ϟδϡʔϧͱ͸
    ϦϯΫͱ͸
    

    View Slide

16. SwiftͰओʹ࢖༻Ͱ͖Δ
    ϥΠϒϥϦͷܗࣜ
    ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ
    (e.g. UIKit.framework, RxSwift.framework)
    μΠφϛοΫɾϥΠϒϥϦ
    (e.g. libsqlite3.dylib, libz.dylib)
    ελςΟοΫɾϥΠϒϥϦ
    (e.g. libssl.a, libcrypto.a)
    

    View Slide

17. SwiftͰओʹ࢖༻Ͱ͖Δ
    ϥΠϒϥϦͷܗࣜ
    μΠφϛοΫɾϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ
    μΠφϛοΫɾϥΠϒϥϦ
    ελςΟοΫɾϥΠϒϥϦ
    ελςΟοΫɾϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ
    

    View Slide

18. SwiftͰओʹ࢖༻Ͱ͖Δ
    ϥΠϒϥϦͷܗࣜ
    ϞδϡʔϧΛؚΉμΠφϛοΫɾϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ
    μΠφϛοΫɾϥΠϒϥϦ
    ελςΟοΫɾϥΠϒϥϦ
    ϞδϡʔϧΛؚ·ͳ͍μΠφϛοΫɾϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ
    ϞδϡʔϧΛؚΉελςΟοΫɾϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ
    ϞδϡʔϧΛؚ·ͳ͍ελςΟοΫɾϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ
    

    View Slide

19. SwiftͰओʹ࢖༻Ͱ͖Δ
    ϥΠϒϥϦͷܗࣜ
    ✖
    

    View Slide

20. SwiftͰओʹ࢖༻Ͱ͖Δ
    ϥΠϒϥϦͷܗࣜ
    ✖
    

    View Slide

21. SwiftͰओʹ࢖༻Ͱ͖Δ
    ϥΠϒϥϦͷܗࣜ
    ✖ ✖
    

    View Slide

22. SwiftͰओʹ࢖༻Ͱ͖Δ
    ϥΠϒϥϦͷܗࣜ
    ✖
    

    View Slide

23. ݟͨ໨ͰΘ͔Γʹ͍͘
    ҧ͍ͷ૊Έ߹Θͤ
    ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ
    ϥΠϒϥϦ
    μΠφϛοΫ
    ελςΟοΫ
    Swift
    Objective-C
    C
    Ϟδϡʔϧ༗Γ
    Ϟδϡʔϧແ͠
    ✖ ✖ ✖ ΞʔΩςΫνϟɾ
    ϓϥοτϑΥʔϜ
    ✖
    

    View Slide

24. ݟͨ໨ͰΘ͔ʹ͍͘ͳ͍
    ҧ͍ͷ૊Έ߹Θͤ
    ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ
    ϥΠϒϥϦ
    μΠφϛοΫ
    ελςΟοΫ
    Swift
    Objective-C
    C
    Ϟδϡʔϧ༗Γ
    Ϟδϡʔϧແ͠
    ✖ ✖ ΞʔΩςΫνϟɾ
    ϓϥοτϑΥʔϜ
    ✖
    ✖
    

    View Slide

25. ݟͨ໨ͰΘ͔ʹ͍͘ͳ͍
    ҧ͍ͷ૊Έ߹Θͤ
    ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ
    ϥΠϒϥϦ
    μΠφϛοΫ
    ελςΟοΫ
    Swift
    Objective-C
    C
    Ϟδϡʔϧ༗Γ
    Ϟδϡʔϧແ͠
    ✖ ΞʔΩςΫνϟɾ
    ϓϥοτϑΥʔϜ
    ✖
    ✖
    ✖
    

    View Slide

26. ݟͨ໨ͰΘ͔ʹ͍͘ͳ͍
    ҧ͍ͷ૊Έ߹Θͤ
    ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ
    ϥΠϒϥϦ
    μΠφϛοΫ
    ελςΟοΫ
    Swift
    Objective-C
    C
    Ϟδϡʔϧ༗Γ
    Ϟδϡʔϧແ͠
    ΞʔΩςΫνϟɾ
    ϓϥοτϑΥʔϜ
    ✖
    ✖ ✖
    ✖
    

    View Slide

27. ݟͨ໨ͰΘ͔ʹ͍͘ͳ͍
    ҧ͍ͷ૊Έ߹Θͤ
    ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ
    ϥΠϒϥϦ
    μΠφϛοΫ
    ελςΟοΫ
    Swift
    Objective-C
    C
    Ϟδϡʔϧ༗Γ
    Ϟδϡʔϧແ͠
    ΞʔΩςΫνϟɾ
    ϓϥοτϑΥʔϜ
    ✖ ✖ ✖
    ✖
    

    View Slide

28. ݟͨ໨ͰΘ͔ʹ͍͘ͳ͍
    ҧ͍ͷ૊Έ߹Θͤ
    ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ
    ϥΠϒϥϦ
    μΠφϛοΫ
    ελςΟοΫ
    Swift
    Objective-C
    C
    Ϟδϡʔϧ༗Γ
    Ϟδϡʔϧແ͠
    ΞʔΩςΫνϟɾ
    ϓϥοτϑΥʔϜ
    ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖
    

    View Slide

29. ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫͱ
    ϥΠϒϥϦͷҧ͍
    

    View Slide

30. ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫͱϥΠϒϥϦͷҧ͍
    όϯυϧΛ࣋ͭ
    όϯυϧΛ࣋ͨͳ͍
    όϯυϧΛ࣋ͨͳ͍
    

    View Slide

31. όϯυϧͱ͸ʁ
    Appόϯυϧ Projectόϯυϧ Settingsόϯυϧ Frameworkόϯυϧ
    

    View Slide

32. όϯυϧͱ͸ʁ
    

    View Slide

33. ελςΟοΫϦϯΫ
    μΠφϛοΫϦϯΫ
    

    View Slide

34. ελςΟοΫϦϯΫ
    μΠφϛοΫϦϯΫ
    Static Library (*.a)
    Static Framework (*.framework)
    Dynamic Framework (*.framework)
    Dynamic Library (*.dylib)
    

    View Slide

35. ελςΟοΫϦϯΫ
    ίϯύΠϧ Static Linking
    

    View Slide

36. μΠφϛοΫϦϯΫ
    ίϯύΠϧ Dynamic Linking
    

    View Slide

37. ελςΟοΫϦϯΫ
    μΠφϛοΫϦϯΫ
    ʓʓ.app ××.app
    

    View Slide

38. ελςΟοΫϥΠϒϥϦ͔
    μΠφϛοΫϥΠϒϥϦ͔Λௐ΂Δ
    $ file
    Usage: file [-bcCdEhikLlNnprsvzZ0] [--apple] [--extension] [--mime-encoding]
    [--mime-type] [-e ] [-F ] [-f ]
    [-m ] [-P ] ...
    file -C [-m ]
    file [--help]
    file ίϚϯυ
    

    View Slide

39. ελςΟοΫϥΠϒϥϦ͔
    μΠφϛοΫϥΠϒϥϦ͔Λௐ΂Δ
    $ file Logger.framework/Logger
    Logger.framework/Logger: Mach-O universal binary with 2 architectures:
    [x86_64:Mach-O 64-bit x86_64 dynamically linked shared library,...
    [arm64:Mach-O 64-bit arm64 dynamically linked shared library,...
    

    View Slide

40. όϯυϧ༗Γ όϯυϧແ͠
    ελςΟοΫϦϯΫ
    μΠφϛοΫϦϯΫ
    Static Library
    Static Framework
    Dynamic Library
    Dynamic Framework
    

    View Slide

41. ΠϯϙʔτͱϦϯΫ
    

    View Slide

42. ΠϯϙʔτͱϦϯΫ
    ϥΠϒϥϦͷܗࣜͱҧ͍
    ΠϯϙʔτͱϦϯΫʢXcodeΛ࢖༻ͯ͠ઃఆʣ
    ΠϯϙʔτͱϦϯΫʢϚχϡΞϧ࡞ۀͰઃఆʣ
    Ϟδϡʔϧͱ͸
    ϦϯΫͱ͸
    

    View Slide

43. Πϯϙʔτ
    • ֎෦ϥΠϒϥϦʢࣗ෼͕ॻ͍ͨίʔυҎ֎ʣΛࣗ෼ͷ
    ίʔυϕʔεͰར༻Մೳʹ͢Δߏจɾݴޠػೳ
    
    • ϥΠϒϥϦ͕ެ։͍ͯ͠ΔγϯϘϧʢΫϥεɾؔ਺ͳͲʣ
    Λࣗ෼ͷίʔυͰࢀরͰ͖ΔΑ͏ʹ͢Δ
    
    • ֤ϑΝΠϧʢίϯύΠϧ୯ҐʣΛίϯύΠϧ͢Δ࣌఺Ͱղ
    ܾ͞ΕΔ
    

    View Slide

44. ϦϯΫ
    • ιʔείʔυΛίϯύΠϧͯ͠ੜ੒͞ΕͨΦϒδΣΫτ
    ϑΝΠϧɺ͓Αͼ֎෦ϥΠϒϥϦΛ͢΂ͯ࿈݁ʢϦϯΫʣ
    ͯ̍ͭ͠ͷ࣮ߦܗࣜϑΝΠϧɺ͋Δ͍͸ϥΠϒϥϦΛੜ੒
    ͢Δ
    
    • ϦϯΧ͕ߦ͏
    
    • ͢΂ͯͷιʔείʔυΛίϯύΠϧͨ͠ޙʹߦΘΕΔ
    
    • ͢΂ͯͷγϯϘϧ͕ղܾ͞ΕΔ
    

    View Slide

45. ࣮ࡍʹ֬ೝͯ͠ΈΑ͏
    

    View Slide

46. ϥΠϒϥϦΛར༻͢Δ
    Ұൠతʢ҉໧తʣͳํ๏
    

    View Slide

47. XcodeΛ࢖ͬͯ֎෦ϥΠϒϥϦΛ
    ར༻Մೳʹ͢Δ
    

    View Slide

48. View Slide

49. View Slide

50. View Slide

51. View Slide

52. View Slide

53. View Slide

54. Xcode͸҉໧తʹ
    ԿΛ͍ͯ͠Δͷ͔
    

    View Slide

55. View Slide

56. Updated on Xcode 11
    

    View Slide

57. View Slide

58. View Slide

59. View Slide

60. View Slide

61. View Slide

62. Xcode͕ઃఆ͢Δ΋ͷ
    • FRAMEWORK_SEARCH_PATHSʹϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ͕͋Δ
    σΟϨΫτϦͷ਌σΟϨΫτϦΛ௥Ճ
    
    • Linked Framework and LibrariesʹϑϨʔϜϫʔΫΛ௥Ճ
    
    • Build PhaseʹCopy Files PhaseΛ௥Ճͯ͠ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ
    ΛΞϓϦέʔγϣϯόϯυϧͷFrameworksσΟϨΫτϦ
    ʹίϐʔ͢Δ
    

    View Slide

63. FRAMEWORK_SEARCH_PATHSΛ
    ௐ΂Δ
    

    View Slide

64. ফͯ͠ΈΔ
    

    View Slide

65. ΠϯϙʔτͰΤϥʔ
    

    View Slide

66. Copy Files PhaseΛ
    ௐ΂Δ
    

    View Slide

67. View Slide

68. View Slide

69. View Slide

70. Automatic Linking
    

    View Slide

71. View Slide

72. Automatic LinkingΛ
    ແޮʹ͢Δ
    

    View Slide

73. -disable-autolink-framework
    

    View Slide

74. View Slide

75. Import == Link
    Automatic Linking
    

    View Slide

76. View Slide

77. View Slide

78. View Slide

79. ΠϯϙʔτͱϦϯΫ
    ϥΠϒϥϦͷܗࣜͱҧ͍
    ΠϯϙʔτͱϦϯΫʢXcodeΛ࢖༻ͯ͠ઃఆʣ
    ΠϯϙʔτͱϦϯΫʢϚχϡΞϧ࡞ۀͰઃఆʣ
    Ϟδϡʔϧͱ͸
    ϦϯΫͱ͸
    

    View Slide

80. ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ͔Β
    ϑΝΠϧΛফͯ͠ΈΔ
    

    View Slide

81. ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ͔Β
    ϑΝΠϧΛফͯ͠ΈΔ
    

    View Slide

82. ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ͔Β
    ϑΝΠϧΛফͯ͠ΈΔ
    

    View Slide

83. ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ͔Β
    ϑΝΠϧΛফͯ͠ΈΔ
    

    View Slide

84. Ϟδϡʔϧ
    

    View Slide

85. Ϟδϡʔϧͱ͸
    ϥΠϒϥϦͷܗࣜͱҧ͍
    ΠϯϙʔτͱϦϯΫʢXcodeΛ࢖༻ͯ͠ઃఆʣ
    ΠϯϙʔτͱϦϯΫʢϚχϡΞϧ࡞ۀͰઃఆʣ
    Ϟδϡʔϧͱ͸
    ϦϯΫͱ͸
    

    View Slide

86. Ϟδϡʔϧ
    

    View Slide

87. BUILD_LIBRARY_FOR_DISTRIBUTION = YES
    

    View Slide

88. ϞδϡʔϧʢSwiftҎ֎ʣ
    

    View Slide

89. ಠࣗϞδϡʔϧΛఆٛ͢Δ
    

    View Slide

90. Module MapϑΝΠϧͷྫ
    

    View Slide

91. Bridging Headerͱͷҧ͍
    • Module Map͸Bridging Headerͷ্Ґޓ׵
    
    • Bridging Header͸ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯλʔήοτͰ͔͠࢖
    ͑ͳ͍ʢϑϨʔϜϫʔΫͷ։ൃͰ͸࢖͑ͳ͍ʣ
    
    • Bridging Header͸άϩʔόϧʹ࡞༻͢ΔͷͰඞཁͳͱ͜
    ͱ͚ͩͰImport͢Δͱ͍͏͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖ͳ͍
    
    • ϓϩδΣΫτʹObjective-CͷϑΝΠϧ͕ࠞ͟Δ৔߹ʹͩ
    ͚࢖͏ͷ͕Α͍ʢͦͷ৔߹Ͱ΋Module Map͸࢖͑Δʣ
    

    View Slide

92. Ϟδϡʔϧͷ໾ׂ
    • Swift͕ϥΠϒϥϦΛΠϯϙʔτ͢Δʹ͸Ϟδϡʔϧ͕ඞ
    ཁʢʹΠϯϙʔτ͸Ϟδϡʔϧ͚ͩ͋Ε͹ྑ͍ʣ
    
    • PublicͳAPIͷએݴ
    
    • Objective-C/CͷϥΠϒϥϦΛΠϯϙʔτ͢Δʹ͸ɺϔο
    μϑΝΠϧ (.h) ΛModulemapͰϞδϡʔϧʹม׵͢Δ
    
    • Swift੡ͷϥΠϒϥϦͰ͸Ϟδϡʔϧ͸ίϯύΠϥ͕ࣗಈ
    తʹੜ੒͢Δ
    

    View Slide

93. Module Stability
    

    View Slide

94. https://forums.swift.org/t/plan-for-module-stability/14551
    Module Stability
    

    View Slide

95. ϞδϡʔϧΛΠϯϙʔτ͢Δʹ͸
    import Logger
    Logger
    Logger
    

    View Slide

96. ϞδϡʔϧΛΠϯϙʔτ͢Δʹ͸
    FRAMEWORK_SEARCH_PATHS
    Modules
    import Logger
    Logger
    Logger
    

    View Slide

97. ϞδϡʔϧΛΠϯϙʔτ͢Δʹ͸
    import Marketo
    Marketo
    Marketo
    

    View Slide

98. ϞδϡʔϧΛΠϯϙʔτ͢Δʹ͸
    SWIFT_INCLUDE_PATHS
    module.modulemap
    import Marketo
    Marketo
    Marketo
    

    View Slide

99. ϦϯΫ
    

    View Slide

100. ϦϯΫͱ͸
     ϥΠϒϥϦͷܗࣜͱҧ͍
     ΠϯϙʔτͱϦϯΫʢXcodeΛ࢖༻ͯ͠ઃఆʣ
     ΠϯϙʔτͱϦϯΫʢϚχϡΞϧ࡞ۀͰઃఆʣ
     Ϟδϡʔϧͱ͸
     ϦϯΫͱ͸
     

     View Slide

101. ϦϯΫͱ͸
     • ίϯύΠϧͰੜ੒͞ΕͨΦϒδΣΫτϑΝΠϧͱϥΠϒϥ
     ϦʢΦϒδΣΫτϑΝΠϧͷू߹ʣΛ̍ͭʹ࿈݁ʢϦϯ
     Ϋʣ͢Δ
     
     • ίϯύΠϧͰੜ੒͞ΕͨΦϒδΣΫτϑΝΠϧͷϦϯΫ͸
     ࣦഊ͠ͳ͍ͷͰɺΤϥʔ͕ى͜Δͱͨ͠Β֎෦ϥΠϒϥϦ
     ͱͷϦϯΫ
     

     View Slide

102. ϦϯΫͱ͸
     ίϯύΠϧ Static Linking
     ίϯύΠϧ Dynamic Linking
     

     View Slide

103. ϥΠϒϥϦΛϦϯΫ͢Δʹ͸ʢXcodeʣ
     

     View Slide

104. ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫΛϦϯΫ͢Δʹ͸
     • FRAMEWORK_SEARCH_PATHSʹϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ͕͋Δ
     σΟϨΫτϦͷ਌σΟϨΫτϦΛࢦఆ͢Δ
     
     • OTHER_LDFLAGSʹ-framework
     ͱࢦఆ͢Δ

     ʢe.g. -framework RxSwift, -framework "Alamofire"ʣ
     

     View Slide

105. ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫΛϦϯΫ͢Δʹ͸
     

     View Slide

106. ϥΠϒϥϦΛϦϯΫ͢Δʹ͸
     • ϥΠϒϥϦͷ͋ΔσΟϨΫτϦͷ਌σΟϨΫτϦΛ
     LIBRARY_SEARCH_PATHSʹࢦఆ͢Δ
     
     • OTHER_LDFLAGSʹ-lͱࢦఆ͢Δ

     ʢe.g. -lsqlite3, -l"crypto"ʣ
     
     • ϥΠϒϥϦ໊ͷϧʔϧ

     ʢlibsqlite3.dylib => sqlite3
     ɹlibssl.a => sslʣ
     

     View Slide

107. ϥΠϒϥϦΛϦϯΫ͢Δʹ͸
     

     View Slide

108. ϥΠϒϥϦΛϦϯΫ͢Δʹ͸
     libssl.a
     FRAMEWORK_SEARCH_PATHS
     LIBRARY_SEARCH_PATHS
     OTHER_LDFLAGS = -framework "RxSwift" -l"ssl"
     RxSwift
     

     View Slide

109. ϥΠϒϥϦΛϦϯΫ͢Δʹ͸
     

     View Slide

110. ΞʔΩςΫνϟɾϓϥοτϑΥʔϜ͕
     Ұக͠ͳ͚Ε͹ͳΒͳ͍
     iOS Simulator
     x86_64
     iOS Device
     arm7v
     iOS Device
     arm64
     .app
     iOS Device
     arm64
     ❌
     ❌
     ✅
     

     View Slide

111. αʔνύεΛม਺Խ͢Δ
     

     View Slide

112. CONFIGURATION_BUILD_DIR
     αʔνύεΛม਺Խ͢Δ
     CONFIGURATION_BUILD_DIR
     BUILD_DIR CONFIGURATION EFFECTIVE_PLATFORM_NAME
     .../Build/Products Debug -iphoneos
     FRAMEWORK_SEARCH_PATHS = "$(CONFIGURATION_BUILD_DIR)/Firebase"
     e.g.
     

     View Slide

113. Universal (Fat) Binary
     https://darkdonno.wordpress.com/2010/11/06/a-look-at-mach-o/
     

     View Slide

114. Universal Binary (lipo)
     $ xcrun lipo -create -output
     

     View Slide

115. Universal Binary (lipo)
     $ xcrun lipo -info
     

     View Slide

116. Universal Binary (Carthage)
     

     View Slide

117. XCFramework
     

     View Slide

118. μΠφϛοΫϑϨʔϜϫʔΫͷ৔߹
     

     View Slide

119. μΠφϛοΫϑϨʔϜϫʔΫͷ৔߹
     @executable_path/Frameworks
     OTHER_LDFLAGS = -framework "RxSwift"
     @loader_path
     @rpath
     

     View Slide

120. ໰୊ղܾYES/NOνϟʔτ
     ϥΠϒϥϦͷܗࣜͱҧ͍
     ΠϯϙʔτͱϦϯΫʢXcodeΛ࢖༻ͯ͠ઃఆʣ
     ΠϯϙʔτͱϦϯΫʢϚχϡΞϧ࡞ۀͰઃఆʣ
     Ϟδϡʔϧͱ͸
     ϦϯΫͱ͸
     

     View Slide

121. ໰୊ղܾYES/NOνϟʔτ
     YESʢϦϯΫͷΤϥʔʣ
     Q1
     ϦϯΫΤϥʔͰ͔͢ʁ
     NOʢΠϯϙʔτͷΤϥʔʣ
     

     View Slide

122. ໰୊ղܾYES/NOνϟʔτ
     YESʢ*.frameworkʣ
     Q2
     Πϯϙʔτ͠Α͏ͱ͍ͯ͠Δͷ͸
     ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫͰ͔͢ʁ
     NOʢ*.aʣ
     

     View Slide

123. ໰୊ղܾYES/NOνϟʔτ
     YES
     Q3
     ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫʹϞδϡʔϧ͸
     ؚ·Ε͍ͯ·͔͢ʁ
     NO
     

     View Slide

124. ໰୊ղܾYES/NOνϟʔτ
     A
     αʔνύε͕ਖ਼͍͔֬͠ೝ͍ͯͩ͘͠͞
     

     View Slide

125. యܕతͳΤϥʔ
     

     View Slide

126. యܕతͳΤϥʔ
     

     View Slide

127. యܕతͳΤϥʔ
     

     View Slide

128. యܕతͳΤϥʔ
     

     View Slide

129. యܕతͳΠϯϙʔτΤϥʔ
     • αʔνύε͕ؒҧ͍ͬͯΔ
     
     • Ϟδϡʔϧ͕ͳ͍
     
     • Module Mapʹॻ͔Ε͍ͯΔϔομ͕ࢀরͰ͖ͳ͍
     
     • Swift 5.0·Ͱ͸όʔδϣϯͷҧ͏ίϯύΠϥͰϏϧυͨ͠Ϟ
     δϡʔϧΛΠϯϙʔτͰ͖ͳ͍
     
     • ModuleMapͷ໊લ͕ϧʔϧ͔Β֎Ε͍ͯΔ

     -Xcc -fmodule-map-file="....modulemap"
     

     View Slide

130. యܕతͳϦϯΫΤϥʔ
     • αʔνύε͕ؒҧ͍ͬͯΔ
     
     • ର৅ͷΞʔΩςΫνϟɾϑϨʔϜϫʔΫͷόΠφϦ͕Ϗϧυ͞Εͯͳ
     ͍
     
     • dyld: image not found
     
     • μΠφϛοΫϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ͕ίϐʔ͞Εͯͳ͍
     
     • େจࣈখจࣈͷҧ͍
     
     • Swift 4.2·Ͱ͸όʔδϣϯͷҧ͏ίϯύΠϥͰϏϧυͨ͠όΠφϦΛ
     ϦϯΫͰ͖ͳ͍
     

     View Slide

131. ΞʔΩςΫνϟ͕ݟ͔ͭΒͳ͍
     • xcrun lipo -info ...
     
     • CocoaPodsΛ࢖͍ͬͯΔͳΒ͢΂ͯͷΞʔΩςΫνϟ͕
     Ϗϧυ͞Ε͍ͯΔ͔
     
     • Ϗϧυߏ੒ͷ໰୊
     

     View Slide

132. Ԡ༻ฤ
     

     View Slide

133. CϥΠϒϥϦʹґଘʢϦϯΫʣ͢Δ
     ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫΛ࡞੒͢Δ
     1. ར༻ऀ͕ࣗ෼ͰCϥΠϒϥϦͷϦϯΫΛઃఆ͢Δ
     
     2. ར༻ऀ͔Β͸CϥΠϒϥϦͷଘࡏ͸Ӆ͍ͨ͠
     

     View Slide

134. CocoaPodsΛϫʔΫεϖʔεʹ
     ౷߹ͤͣʹ࢖༻͢Δ
     • CocoaPods͕αʔνύε΍ϦϯΧϑϥάࣗಈઃఆ͢Δػ
     ೳΛ࢖Θͣʹɺࣗ෼Ͱ֤ϥΠϒϥϦΛϏϧυ͠ϦϯΫͷ
     ઃఆΛ͢Δɻ

     ϫʔΫεϖʔεʹCocoaPodsͷઃఆ͕ࠞ͟Βͣʹॊೈ͔
     ͭγϯϓϧʹར༻Ͱ͖Δ͜ͱ͕ϝϦοτɻ
     

     View Slide

135. CarthageͰϏϧυͤͣʹ
     ϓϩδΣΫτࢀরͰ؅ཧ͢Δ
     • Carhage͸ϢχόʔαϧόΠφϦΛࣗಈతʹϏϧυͯ͘͠
     ΕΔ͕ɺσόοά͠ʹ͍͘ͳͲσϝϦοτ΋͋ΔͷͰɺϏ
     ϧυͤͣʹϓϩδΣΫτͷνΣοΫΞ΢τ͚ͩͯ͠ར༻͢
     Δɻ
     

     View Slide

136. ෳ਺ͷμΠφϛοΫϑϨʔϜϫʔΫΛ
     ̍ͭͷϑϨʔϜϫʔΫʹ౷߹͢Δ
     • μΠφϛοΫϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ͕૿͑ͯ͘Δͱىಈ࣌ؒʹӨ
     ڹΛ༩͑Δʢdyld2ͷ৔߹ʣ

     ͦͷͨΊ֤ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫΛελςΟοΫϦϯΫͯ͠ɺ̍
     ͭͷେ͖ͳμΠφϛοΫϑϨʔϜϫʔΫʹ͢Δ
     
     • Ϟδϡʔϧ͸ݩͷ෼͔Εͨঢ়ଶͰࢀর͢ΔͱศརʢΠϯ
     ϙʔτ͸ίϯύΠϧ͚࣌ͩͳͷͰϑϨʔϜϫʔΫͷߏ଄ͱ
     ঢ়ଶ͕ҟͳͬͯ΋໰୊ͳ͍ʣ
     

     View Slide

137. Recap
     • Πϯϙʔτ͸ϞδϡʔϧΛࣗ෼ͷίʔυϕʔεͰར༻Մೳ
     ʹ͢Δ
     
     • ϦϯΫ͸͢΂ͯͷϑΝΠϧͷίϯύΠϧޙɺΦϒδΣΫτ
     ϑΝΠϧͱϥΠϒϥϦΛ݁߹͢Δ
     
     • αʔνύεͱίϯύΠϥϑϥάͰίϯτϩʔϧ
     
     • ίϯύΠϥͱϦϯΧ͸ίϯϐϡʔλαΠΤϯεͷͲਅΜத
     
     • ௿ϨΠϠʔΛ୳ࡧָ͍ͯ͘͠͠͞
     

     View Slide

138. Reference
     • Creation of pure Swift module

     https://railsware.com/blog/creation-of-pure-swift-module/
     
     • Mach-O Universal / Fat Binaries – Symbol Crash

     https://www.symbolcrash.com/2019/02/26/mach-o-universal-fat-binaries/
     
     • Parsing Mach-O files - Low Level Bits

     https://lowlevelbits.org/parsing-mach-o-files/
     
     • Swift Imports

     https://thoughtbot.com/blog/swift-imports
     

     View Slide

139. Reference
     • Static and Dynamic Libraries

     https://pewpewthespells.com/blog/static_and_dynamic_libraries.html
     
     • Framework vs Library (Cocoa, iOS) – Knowledge Stack

     http://www.knowstack.com/framework-vs-library-cocoa-ios/
     
     • Static linking vs dyld3

     https://allegro.tech/2018/05/Static-linking-vs-dyld3.html
     
     • Understanding Xcode Build System

     https://www.vadimbulavin.com/xcode-build-system/
     

     View Slide

140. Reference
     • Static and Dynamic Libraries and Frameworks in iOS

     https://www.vadimbulavin.com/static-dynamic-frameworks-and-libraries/
     
     • Static Library, Dynamic Library and Framework in iOS

     https://medium.com/@arkilis/static-library-dynamic-library-and-framework-in-ios-df137f29a3e9
     
     • Dynamic Versus Static Framework in iOS - CA for Developers

     https://www.ca.com/en/blog-developers/dynamic-versus-static-framework-in-ios.html
     
     • Overview: iOS Static and Dynamic Frameworks and Libraries

     https://www.runtastic.com/blog/en/frameworks-ios/
     

     View Slide

141. Reference
     • Undocumented Mac OS Xɿୈ12ճɹUniversal Binaryʲલฤʳ (1/5)

     https://www.itmedia.co.jp/enterprise/articles/0711/30/news014.html
     
     • Undocumented Mac OS Xɿୈ13ճɹUniversal Binaryʲޙฤʳ (1/4)

     https://www.itmedia.co.jp/enterprise/articles/0712/27/news012.html
     

     View Slide