XP ΤΫετϦʔϜϓϩάϥϛϯάͷසग़୯ޠॏཁ୯ޠΛ ॏෳͳ͠Ͱجຊྫจͱͱ΋ʹ෼ؒͰ঺հ ໦Լ࢙඙ Ӭ࿨γεςϜϚωδϝϯτ 2.0 Τ οΫ εϐ ʔ

೥ࠒ͔ΒΤΫετϦʔϜɾϓϩάϥϛϯάΛ։ൃݱ৔Ͱ࣮ફɻ೥ʹΧφμ Ͱ։࠵͞Εͨ"HJMF$POGFSFODFʹͯΞδϟΠϧϓϥΫςΟεͷ࣮ફࣄྫΛൃ දɻ೥ʹ͸ʮՁ஋૑଄ܖ໿ʯΛఏএɻ೥ɺΞδϟΠϧࣄۀ෦Λઃཱɻ ݱࡏ͸ΞδϟΠϧίʔνͱͯ͠ʮ·ͬͱ͏ͳΞδϟΠϧ։ൃʯΛඪᒗͯ͠ίϯαϧςΟ ϯάɾίʔνϯά׆ಈʹैࣄɻࣗಈंϝʔΧʔɺҩྍػثϝʔΧʔɺ௨৴ΩϟϦΞɺۚ ༥ػؔͳͲͷ%9Λਪਐɻ ؂༁ॻʹʰΞδϟΠϧϓϥΫςΟεʱʢΦʔϜࣾʣɺʰΞʔτɾΦϒɾΞδϟΠϧσ ϕϩοϓϝϯτʱʢΦϥΠϦʔʣ͕͋Δɻ ໦Լ࢙඙ גࣜձࣾӬ࿨γεςϜϚωδϝϯτ "HJMF4UVEJPϓϩσϡʔαʔ ΞδϟΠϧίʔν 4DSVN*ODೝఆτϨʔφʔ

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සग़୯ޠϕετ

਺͑·ͨ͠

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ൣғ

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਺͑ํ

ݟग़͠ޠԽ τʔΫϯԽ ετοϓϫʔυআڈ OMULXPSE@UPLFOJ[F ໊ࢺͷෳ਺ܗɺಈࢺͷաڈܗɾաڈ෼ࢺܗɾݱࡏ෼ࢺܗɺܗ༰ࢺͷൺֱ ڃɾ࠷্ڃͳͲΛਖ਼نܗʹ͢Δ MFNNBUJ[FSOMULTUFNXPSEOFU8PSE/FU-FNNBUJ[FS MFNNBUJ[FSMFNNBUJ[F ୯ޠ਺Χ΢ϯτ lJTzɺlUIFzɺlBzͳͲͷఀࢭޠΛআڈ͢Δ OMULDPSQVTTUPQXPSET

සग़୯ޠϕετ

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91ͷϕετςϯ ಘ఺

UFTU ςετ 91ͷϕετςϯ ಘ఺

test [tést] ໊ ςετ □XP creates and maintains a comprehensive suite of automated tests, which are run and rerun after every change (many times a day) to ensure a quality baseline. 91 で ͸ɺแׅతͳࣗಈςετεΠʔτΛ࡞੒อक͢Δɻมߋ が ೔ʹԿ౓΋ ൃ ੜ͢Δͨ び ʹࣗಈςετ が ࣮ߦ࠶࣮ߦ͞Εɺ ベ ʔεϥΠϯͱͳΔ඼࣭ が ֬อ͞Ε Δɻ ষ □Automatically build the whole system and run all of the tests in ten minutes. ࣗಈతʹγεςϜશମΛ ビ ϧ ド ͯ͠ɺ͢ べ ͯͷςετΛ෼Ҏ಺ʹ࣮ߦͤ͞Δ͜ ͱɻ ষ □Writing and running the tests gives the team a chance to do work it can be proud of. ςετΛهड़࣮ͯ͠ߦ͢Ε ば ɺνʔϜ͸ࣗ෼ͨͪͷ࢓ࣄʹތΓΛ࣋ͭػձ が ಘΒ ΕΔɻ ষ Ґ ఺

ୈҐ

UFTU ςετ 91ͷϕετςϯ ಘ఺

DIBOHF มԽɺมԽ͢Δ UFTU ςετ 91ͷϕετςϯ ಘ఺

change [tʃéɪndʒ] ໊ มԽ □Extreme Programming (XP) is about social change. ΤΫετϦʔϜ プ ϩ グ ϥϛϯ グ 91 ͸ιʔγϟϧνΣϯ ジで ͋Δɻ ষ □Learn to see problems as opportunities for change. ໰୊ΛมԽͷػձͱߟ͑Α͏ɻ ষ Ґ ఺ ಈ มԽ͢Δ □Tools and techniques change often, but they don't change a lot. People, however, change slowly but deeply. πʔϧ΍ٕ๏͸Կ౓΋มԽ͢Δ が ɺେ͖͘มԽ͢ΔΘ͚ で ͸ͳ͍ɻҰํɺਓ͸Ώ ͬ͘Γͱ だが ɺਂ͘มԽ͢Δɻ ষ

ୈҐ

DIBOHF มԽɺมԽ͢Δ UFTU ςετ 91ͷϕετςϯ ಘ఺

EFTJHO ઃܭɺઃܭ͢Δ DIBOHF มԽɺมԽ͢Δ UFTU ςετ 91ͷϕετςϯ ಘ఺

design [dɪzάɪn] ໊ ઃܭ □In software development, “perfect” is a verb, not an adjective. There is no perfect process. There is no perfect design. There are no perfect stories. You can, however, perfect your process, your design, and your stories. ιϑτ΢ΣΞ։ൃʹ͓͍ͯ͸ɺʮ׬ᘳ QFSGFDU ʯ͸ಈࢺ で ͋Γɺܗ༰ࢺ で ͸ͳ ͍ɻ׬ᘳͳ プ ϩηε͸ଘࡏ͠ͳ͍ɻ׬ᘳͳઃܭ͸ଘࡏ͠ͳ͍ɻ׬ᘳͳετʔϦʔ ͸ଘࡏ͠ͳ͍ɻ だが ɺ プ ϩηεΛʮ׬ᘳʹ΍Δʯ͜ͱ͸ で ͖ΔɻઃܭΛʮ׬ᘳʹ ΍Δʯ͜ͱ͸ で ͖ΔɻετʔϦʔΛʮ׬ᘳʹ΍Δʯ͜ͱ͸ で ͖Δɻ ষ □Incremental design puts improvement to work by re fi ning the design of the system. ΠϯΫϦϝϯλϧͳઃܭʹΑͬͯγεςϜͷઃܭΛચ࿅͍͚ͯ͠ ば ɺվળΛ͏·͘ ػೳͤ͞Δ͜ͱ が で ͖Δɻ ষ Ґ ఺ ಈ ઃܭ͢Δ □The question is not whether to design, but when to design. ࿦఺ͱͳΔͷ͸ɺઃܭΛ͢Δ͔ ど ͏͔ で ͸ͳ͘ɺઃܭΛ͍ͭ͢Δ͔ で ͋Δɻ ষ

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EFTJHO ઃܭɺઃܭ͢Δ DIBOHF มԽɺมԽ͢Δ UFTU ςετ 91ͷϕετςϯ ಘ఺

NBLF ࡞Δɺਓɾ෺Λʙͳঢ়ଶʹͤ͞Δ EFTJHO ઃܭɺઃܭ͢Δ DIBOHF มԽɺมԽ͢Δ UFTU ςετ 91ͷϕετςϯ ಘ఺

make [méɪk] ಈ ࡞Δɺਓɾ෺Λʙͳঢ়ଶʹͤ͞Δ □Reading this book won't make you an extreme programmer. ຊॻΛಡΜ で ΋ɺΤΫετϦʔϜ プ ϩ グ ϥϚʔʹ͸ͳΕͳ͍ɻ ষ □Make your workspace about your work. ࢓ࣄͷ಺༰ が Θ͔ΔΑ͏ͳϫʔΫε ペ ʔεΛ࡞Δ͜ͱɻ ষ □I codi fi ed XP to make life better for programmers. ࢲ͸ プ ϩ グ ϥϚʔͷੜ׆ΛΑ͘͢ΔͨΊʹ91ΛମܥԽͨ͠ɻ ষ Ґ ఺

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NBLF ࡞Δɺਓɾ෺Λʙͳঢ়ଶʹͤ͞Δ EFTJHO ઃܭɺઃܭ͢Δ DIBOHF มԽɺมԽ͢Δ UFTU ςετ 91ͷϕετςϯ ಘ఺

QSBDUJDF ϓϥΫςΟε NBLF ࡞Δɺਓɾ෺Λʙͳঢ়ଶʹͤ͞Δ EFTJHO ઃܭɺઃܭ͢Δ DIBOHF มԽɺมԽ͢Δ UFTU ςετ 91ͷϕετςϯ ಘ఺

practice [prˈæktɪs] ໊ ϓϥΫςΟε □Making values explicit is important because without values, practices quickly become rote, activities performed for their own sake but lacking any purpose or direction. Ձ஋Λ໌֬ʹ͢Δ͜ͱ が ॏཁ だ ɻՁ஋ が ͳ͚Ε ば ɺ プ ϥΫςΟε͸͢ ぐ ʹػց తͳ࡞ۀʹͳͬͯ͠·͏ɻ׆ಈͦͷ΋ͷ が ໨తͱͳΓɺຊདྷͷ໨త΍ํ޲ੑ が ࣦΘΕͯ͠·͏ɻ ষ □Bridging the gap between values and practices are principles. Ձ஋ͱ プ ϥΫςΟεͷ ギ ϟο プ ΛຒΊΔͷ が ݪଇ だ ɻ ষ □Holding these values as a team would shape your practices in different ways than the XP values do. νʔϜ が ͜ΕΒͷՁ஋Λڞ༗͢Ε ば ɺ91ͷՁ஋ がプ ϥΫςΟεΛ࡞Γग़͢ͷͱ ͸ҧͬͨ΍Γํ で ɺࣗ෼ͨͪͷ プ ϥΫςΟεΛ࡞Γग़͢͜ͱ がで ͖Δ だ Ζ͏ɻ ষ Ґ ఺

ؓ࿩ٳ୊

ʙҐ

OFFE ඞཁ͕͋Δ POF ͻͱͭ UJNF ࣌ؒ TZTUFN γεςϜ WBMVF Ձ஋ QSPKFDU ϓϩδΣΫτ XBZ ํ๏ HFU ಘΔɺ͢Δ QFPQMF ਓ QSPCMFN ໰୊ 91ͷϕετςϯ ಘ఺ TUPSZ ετʔϦʔ HPPE ༏Εͨɺྑ޷ͳ XSJUF ॻ͘ DPEF ίʔυ VTF ࢖͏ɺར༻͢Δ EFGFDU ܽؕ DVTUPNFS ސ٬ HP ߦ͘ɺਐΉ UBLF ड͚ೖΕΔ fi STU ϑΝʔετ 91ͷϕετςϯ ಘ఺

91ͷՁ஋͸ʁ

DPNNVOJDBUJPO ίϛϡχέʔγϣϯ GFFECBDL ϑΟʔυόοΫ DPVSBHF ༐ؾ SFTQFDU ϦεϖΫτ TJNQMJDJUZ γϯϓϦγςΟ 91ͷϕετςϯ ಘ఺

ୈҐ

QSBDUJDF ϓϥΫςΟε NBLF ࡞Δɺਓɾ෺Λʙͳঢ়ଶʹͤ͞Δ EFTJHO ઃܭɺઃܭ͢Δ DIBOHF มԽɺมԽ͢Δ UFTU ςετ 91ͷϕετςϯ ಘ఺

EFWFMPQNFOU ։ൃ QSBDUJDF ϓϥΫςΟε NBLF ࡞Δɺਓɾ෺Λʙͳঢ়ଶʹͤ͞Δ EFTJHO ઃܭɺઃܭ͢Δ DIBOHF มԽɺมԽ͢Δ UFTU ςετ 91ͷϕετςϯ ಘ఺

development [dɪvéləpmənt] ໊ ։ൃ □When you are ready with accurate estimates and low defect rates, including customers in the development process fosters trust and encourages continued improvement. ݟੵΓ が ਖ਼֬ で ͋Γɺܽؕ཰ が ௿Լ͍ͯ͠Δͷ で ͋Ε ば ɺސ٬ʹ։ൃ プ ϩηεʹࢀՃͯ͠΋Β͏͜ͱ で ɺ͞Βʹ৴པؔ܎ が ߴ·Γɺܧଓత վળ が ଅਐ͞ΕΔͷ で ͋Δɻ ষ □Strive to improve development until some of the team members are idle; then you're ready to shrink the team and continue. νʔϜϝϯ バ ʔͷ୭͔ͷख が ۭ͘· で ɺ։ൃΛվળ͍ͯ͘͜͠ͱɻͦ ͏͢Ε ば ɺن໛Λॖখ͠ͳ が ΒνʔϜΛܧଓ で ͖Δ͸ ずだ ɻ ষ □Over time, by improving the design and customizing the development tools, the team reduces the cost of automating tests to the point that all testing is automated. νʔϜ͸ઃܭΛվળͨ͠Γɺ։ൃπʔϧΛΧελϚΠ ズ ͨ͠Γ͢Δ͜ ͱ で ɺ࣌ؒΛ͔͚ͯςετΛࣗಈԽ͢ΔίετΛԼ げ ͍ͯ͘ɻ ষ Ґ ఺

ୈҐ

EFWFMPQNFOU ։ൃ QSBDUJDF ϓϥΫςΟε NBLF ࡞Δɺਓɾ෺Λʙͳঢ়ଶʹͤ͞Δ EFTJHO ઃܭɺઃܭ͢Δ DIBOHF มԽɺมԽ͢Δ UFTU ςετ 91ͷϕετςϯ ಘ఺

XPSL ࢓ࣄɺ࡞ۀɺ࢓ࣄΛ͢Δ EFWFMPQNFOU ։ൃ QSBDUJDF ϓϥΫςΟε NBLF ࡞Δɺਓɾ෺Λʙͳঢ়ଶʹͤ͞Δ EFTJHO ઃܭɺઃܭ͢Δ DIBOHF มԽɺมԽ͢Δ UFTU ςετ 91ͷϕετςϯ ಘ఺

work [wˈɚːk] ໊ ࢓ࣄɺ࡞ۀ □It is about fi nding our adult place in the larger world, fi nding our place in the community including the realm of business/work. ʢ91ͱ͸ɺʣ ビジ ωε΍࢓ࣄ΋ؚΊͨίϛϡχςΟʔͷͳ͔ で ɺࣗ෼ͷډ৔ॴΛ ݟ͚ͭΔ͜ͱ だ ɻ ষ Ґ ఺ ಈ ࢓ࣄΛ͢Δ □Ideally, my values as I work are exactly the same as my values in the rest of my life. ࢓ࣄ で େ੾ʹ͍ͯ͠ΔՁ஋͸ɺීஈͷੜ׆ で େ੾ʹ͍ͯ͠ΔՁ஋ͱಉ じで ͋Δ͜ ͱ が ཧ૝త だ ɻ ষ □Good teams don't just do their work, they think about how they are working and why they are working. ༏ΕͨνʔϜ͸୯ʹ࢓ࣄΛ͍ͯ͠Δ だ ͚ で ͸ͳ͍ɻ ど ͏΍ͬͯ࢓ࣄΛ͍ͯ͠Δͷ ͔ɺͳ ぜ ࢓ࣄΛ͍ͯ͠Δͷ͔Λߟ͍͑ͯΔɻ ষ

ؓ࿩ٳ୊ɺ;ͨͨͼ

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TDSVN εΫϥϜ TQSJOU εϓϦϯτ QSPEVDU ϓϩμΫτ XPSL ࡞ۀ CBDLMPH όοΫϩά HPBM ΰʔϧ WBMVF Ձ஋ EFWFMPQFST ։ൃऀ FWFOU Πϕϯτ PXOFS Φʔφʔ 4DSVNͷϕετςϯ ಘ఺ XPSL ࢓ࣄɺ࡞ۀɺ࢓ࣄΛ͢Δ EFWFMPQNFOU ։ൃ QSBDUJDF ϓϥΫςΟε NBLF ࡞Δɺਓɾ෺Λʙͳঢ়ଶʹͤ͞Δ EFTJHO ઃܭɺઃܭ͢Δ DIBOHF มԽɺมԽ͢Δ UFTU ςετ 91ͷϕετςϯ ಘ఺

ୈҐ

XPSL ࢓ࣄɺ࡞ۀɺ࢓ࣄΛ͢Δ EFWFMPQNFOU ։ൃ QSBDUJDF ϓϥΫςΟε NBLF ࡞Δɺਓɾ෺Λʙͳঢ়ଶʹͤ͞Δ EFTJHO ઃܭɺઃܭ͢Δ DIBOHF มԽɺมԽ͢Δ UFTU ςετ 91ͷϕετςϯ ಘ఺

TPGUXBSF ιϑτ΢ΣΞ XPSL ࢓ࣄɺ࡞ۀɺ࢓ࣄΛ͢Δ EFWFMPQNFOU ։ൃ QSBDUJDF ϓϥΫςΟε NBLF ࡞Δɺਓɾ෺Λʙͳঢ়ଶʹͤ͞Δ EFTJHO ઃܭɺઃܭ͢Δ DIBOHF มԽɺมԽ͢Δ UFTU ςετ 91ͷϕετςϯ ಘ఺

software [sˈɔːftwèɚ] ໊ ιϑτ΢ΣΞ □Extreme Programming, familiarly known as XP, is a discipline of the business of software development that focuses the whole team on common, reachable goals. ΤΫετϦʔϜ プ ϩ グ ϥϛϯ グ 91 ͸ɺιϑτ΢ΣΞ։ൃ ビジ ωεͷن཯ で ͋ ΓɺνʔϜશମ が ڞ௨ͷୡ੒Մೳͳ ゴ ʔϧʹूத͢ΔͨΊͷ΋ͷ で ͋Δɻ 91 γϦʔζͷ঺հ □XP is a path of improvement to excellence for people coming together to develop software. 91ͱ͸ɺιϑτ΢ΣΞΛҰॹʹ։ൃ͢Δਓͨͪ が ߴΈʹࢸΔ· で ͷվળͷಓ で ͋Δɻ ষ □XP is my attempt to reconcile humanity and productivity in my own practice of software development and to share that reconciliation. 91͸ɺࢲࣗ਎ͷιϑτ΢ΣΞ։ൃͷ࣮ફͷͳ͔ で ਓؒੑͱੜ࢈ੑΛௐ࿨͞ ͤɺͦͷௐ࿨Λڞ༗͠Α͏ͱ͢ΔࢼΈ で ͋Δɻ ষ Ґ ఺

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TPGUXBSF ιϑτ΢ΣΞ XPSL ࢓ࣄɺ࡞ۀɺ࢓ࣄΛ͢Δ EFWFMPQNFOU ։ൃ QSBDUJDF ϓϥΫςΟε NBLF ࡞Δɺਓɾ෺Λʙͳঢ়ଶʹͤ͞Δ EFTJHO ઃܭɺઃܭ͢Δ DIBOHF มԽɺมԽ͢Δ UFTU ςετ 91ͷϕετςϯ ಘ఺

91 ΤΫετϦʔϜϓϩάϥϛϯά TPGUXBSF ιϑτ΢ΣΞ XPSL ࢓ࣄɺ࡞ۀɺ࢓ࣄΛ͢Δ EFWFMPQNFOU ։ൃ QSBDUJDF ϓϥΫςΟε NBLF ࡞Δɺਓɾ෺Λʙͳঢ়ଶʹͤ͞Δ EFTJHO ઃܭɺઃܭ͢Δ DIBOHF มԽɺมԽ͢Δ UFTU ςετ 91ͷϕετςϯ ಘ఺

XP ݻ໊ ΤΫετϦʔϜϓϩάϥϛϯά □As you begin practicing XP, you will certainly encounter problems. Part of being extreme is consciously choosing to transform each problem into an opportunity: an opportunity for personal growth, deepening relationships, and improved software. 91ͷ࣮ફΛ࢝ΊΔͱɺඞ ず ໰୊ʹ௚໘͢ΔɻΤΫετϦʔϜʹͳΔͱ͍͏ͷ ͸ɺͦΕ ぞ Εͷ໰୊Λݸਓͷ੒௕ɺਓؒؔ܎ͷਂԽɺιϑτ΢ΣΞͷվળͳ ど ͷ ػձʹҙࣝతʹม׵͢Δ͜ͱ で ΋͋Δɻ ষ □In the end, you're an XPer when you hold XP's values and incorporate XP principles in your daily practice. ݁ہɺ91ͷՁ஋Λେ੾ʹͯ͠ɺ91ͷݪଇΛ೔ʑͷ プ ϥΫςΟεʹऔΓೖΕ͍ͯ Ε ば ɺ͋ͳͨ͸91FS だ ɻ ষ □The key to XP is integrity, acting in harmony with my true values. 91ͷ伴͸੣࣮ੑ JOUFHSJUZ だ ɻຊ౰ͷՁ஋ͱௐ࿨ͷͱΕͨߦಈΛ͢Δ͜ͱ だ ɻ ষ Ґ ఺

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91 ΤΫετϦʔϜϓϩάϥϛϯά TPGUXBSF ιϑτ΢ΣΞ XPSL ࢓ࣄɺ࡞ۀɺ࢓ࣄΛ͢Δ EFWFMPQNFOU ։ൃ QSBDUJDF ϓϥΫςΟε NBLF ࡞Δɺਓɾ෺Λʙͳঢ়ଶʹͤ͞Δ EFTJHO ઃܭɺઃܭ͢Δ DIBOHF มԽɺมԽ͢Δ UFTU ςετ 91ͷϕετςϯ ಘ఺

UFBN νʔϜ 91 ΤΫετϦʔϜϓϩάϥϛϯά TPGUXBSF ιϑτ΢ΣΞ XPSL ࢓ࣄɺ࡞ۀɺ࢓ࣄΛ͢Δ EFWFMPQNFOU ։ൃ QSBDUJDF ϓϥΫςΟε NBLF ࡞Δɺਓɾ෺Λʙͳঢ়ଶʹͤ͞Δ EFTJHO ઃܭɺઃܭ͢Δ DIBOHF มԽɺมԽ͢Δ UFTU ςετ 91ͷϕετςϯ ಘ఺

team □People aren't computers. Every team does XP differently with varying degrees of success. ਓؒ͸ίϯ ピ ϡʔλʔ で ͸ͳ͍ɻνʔϜʹΑͬͯɺ91ͷ΍Γํ΋੒ޭͷ౓߹͍΋ ҧͬͯ͘Δɻ ষ □If members of a team don't care about each other and what they are doing, XP won't work. νʔϜϝϯ バ ʔ が ͓ޓ͍ʹؔ৺ が ͳ͘ɺԿΛ͍ͯ͠Δ͔Λؾʹ΋ͱΊͳ͍Α͏ で ͋Ε ば ɺ91͸͏·͍͔͘ͳ͍ɻ ষ □Deadlines and scope set only for business reasons do not maintain the integrity of the team. ビジ ωε্ͷཧ༝ だ ͚ で ظ೔΍είʔ プ Λઃఆ͢ΔͱɺνʔϜͷ੣࣮ੑΛҡ࣋ で ͖ͳ͍ɻ ষ Ґ ఺ ໊ νʔϜ

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