CloudNativeな時代に求められる Webサービス基盤モデルの再考

by nwiizo

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೥݄೔%FWFMPQFST4VNNJU!OXJJ[P $MPVE/BUJWFͳ࣌୅ʹٻΊΒΕΔ   8FCαʔϏεج൫Ϟσϧͷ࠶ߟ %BQSʹ͍ͭͯͷߟ࡯ͱ࣮૷

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Shuya Motouchi @nwiizo 26ࡀ ݽಠ੒ਓஉੑ 4৞൒ͷ෦԰ʹ͸ݒਨόʔ͕͋Γ ɹேɺى͖ δϜ΁ߦ͖ ຊΛಡΜͰ ࢓ࣄΛͯ͠ ɹ໷ɺ࠶ͼ δϜ΁ߦ͖ ຊΛಡΜͰ ຾Δ͚ͩ ૐཿͷΑ͏ͳੜ׆Λͯ͠·͢ɻ

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ΞδΣϯμ w εϦʔγΣΠΫ ޿ࠂ w ࣗಈԽͱίϯςφͷ࿩ w $MPVE/BUJWFͳαʔϏεج൫Ϟσϧʹ͍ͭͯ࠶ߟ w $PNQMFYJUZͱ%BQSͷ࣮૷ʹ͍ͭͯ

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εϦʔγΣΠΫʹ͍ͭͯ

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"CPVUεϦʔγΣΠΫ w 43&ࢧԉٕज़ࢧԉαʔϏε w ٕज़ྗ͕ٻΊΒΕΔྖҬͰ๛෋ͳܦݧΛ࣋ͭ43&͕ू·ͬͨνʔϜʹΑΔ   ٕज़ࢧԉαʔϏεͰ͢ɻ w ηΩϡϦςΟ੬ऑੑ਍அαʔϏε w ܦݧ๛෋ͳηΩϡϦςΟઐ໳Ո͕وࣾͷ՝୊ʹ߹ΘͤͨηΩϡϦςΟରࡦΛ   ࢧԉ͢ΔαʔϏεͰ͢ɻ w Ϋϥ΢υܕ&5-σʔλύΠϓϥΠϯαʔϏε w σʔλϕʔεɾετϨʔδɾΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͳͲɺ͋ΒΏΔσʔλΛ   ౷߹ɾ࿈ܞ͢Δ͜ͱͰɺσʔλΛ׆༻ͨ͠Ϗδωεมֵʹߩݙ͠·͢ɻ w ϋΠεΩϧϑϦʔϥϯε঺հαʔϏε w ϓϩͷݱ໾ΤϯδχΞूஂ͕࠷దͳΤϯδχΞΛ঺հ͢Δ   ϑϦʔϥϯεΤϯδχΞ঺հαʔϏεͰ͢

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"CPVU4SFBLF w 43&ࢧԉٕज़ࢧԉ w 4SFBLF͸ۚ༥ɾҩྍɾಈը഑৴ɾ"*ɾήʔϜͳͲٕज़ྗ͕ٻΊΒΕΔྖҬͰ๛෋ͳܦݧΛ࣋ͭ43&͕ू·ͬͨνʔϜ ʹΑΔٕज़ࢧԉαʔϏεͰ͢ɻઓུࡦఆ͔Βઃܭɾߏஙɾӡ༻ɺ4BB4ఏڙ·Ͱɺ෯޿͍ྖҬΛαϙʔτ͠·͢ɻ Sreake ྲྀ SRE Roadmap SRE ͷ։࢝ ·ͣ͸খ͘͞ɻ ޮՌ͕࠷େݶʹग़Δͱ͜Ζ ͔Βίπίπͱ࢝ΊΑ͏ SRE νʔϜͷఆٛ ૊৫ʹ͋ͬͨ SRE Λఆٛ͠Α͏ SRE࣮ફ SLIɾSLO ͷઃఆ Toil ࡟ݮ (ࣗಈԽਪਐ) SRE ͷൃలͱܧଓ SREͷจԽ͕ਁಁ͢Δ   Error Budget Λݩʹ  ۀ຿Λίϯτϩʔϧ͍ͯ͘͠

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4SFBLFͷΤϯδχΞʹΑΔٕज़ࢧԉ w ٕज़ઓུ͔Βઃܭɺߏஙɺӡ༻·Ͱϫϯετοϓࢧԉ͢Δٕज़ࢧԉαʔϏε ٕज़ઓུ ίϯαϧςΟϯά ߏங / ࣮૷ ࢧԉ Ξηεϝϯτ ʢύϑΥʔϚϯε / ηΩϡϦςΟʣ ӡ༻ࢧԉ γεςϜ ઃܭ .VMUJ$MPVE΍$MPVE/BUJWFͳઌਐతٕज़ٴͼେن໛ͳαʔϏεӡ༻ʹڧΈΛ࣋ͭΤϯδχΞʹΑΔٕज़ࢧԉ ϕϯμʔతͳ໾ׂͰ͸ͳ͘ʮ͓٬༷ͷνʔϜϝϯόʔʯͱ͍͏ཱͪҐஔͰ࠷৽ٕज़ͷఏҊ͔Βӡ༻ࢧԉ·ͰΛτʔλϧͰ

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4SFBLF43&ಋೖఆணԽࢧԉ w &OUFSQSJTFΛத৺ʹ༷ʑͳۀछۀքͰ43&Λ࣮ફ͖ͯͨ͠   φϨοδΛ׆͔ͨ͠43&νʔϜͷಋೖٴͼఆணԽΛߦ͍·͢ 43&ͷ૊੒43&จԽͷఆணԽͷҝͷࢧԉ ͓٬༷ͷ૊৫ʹద߹ͨ͠43&ͷಋೖΛࢧԉ IUUQTTSFBLFDPNDPOUBDU ͓໰͍߹ͤ

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4FDVSJGZ w 4FDVSJGZʢηΩϡϦϑΝΠʣͱ͸ 4FDVSJGZʢηΩϡϦϑΝΠʣ͸ɺ਍அର৅Λొ࿥͢ΔͱΫϥ΢υ্Ͱ੬ऑੑ਍அΛ࣮ࢪɺ਍அ݁ՌҰཡͱվળํ๏Λ෼ ͔Γ΍͘͢ఏࣔ͠·͢ w 4FDVSJGZ։ൃʹ͓͚Δ૝͍ اۀ͕ɺ։ൃɾϦϦʔεεϐʔυΛམͱͣ͞ɺखܰʹʢඅ༻ɾ࣌ؒΛ͔͚ͣʣࣾ಺ͰηΩϡϦςΟ਍அΛ࣮ࢪʢʹ %FW4FD0QTΛ࣮ݱʣ͠ɺαʔϏεΛఏڙ͢Δ͜ͱ͕ɺاۀɾΤϯυϢʔβʔͷརӹΛ࠷େԽ͍ͯ͘͜͠ͱʹͳΔͱߟ͑ ͍ͯ·͢ɻ͜ΕΛՄೳʹ͢Δπʔϧʮ4FDVSJGZʢηΩϡϦϑΝΠʣʯΛ։ൃ Beta ൛ ແঈఏڙ࣮ࢪதʂʂ

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ຊ೔͓࿩͢Δ಺༰ ࿩͢͜ͱ $MPVE/BUJWFͷશମ૾ ͬ͘͟Γɺίϯςφʹ͍ͭͯ ͳΜͱͳ͘,VCFSOFUFT %BQSʹ͍ͭͯخ͍͜͠ͱ ιϑτ΢ΣΞͷෳࡶੑͱ   Πϯϑϥͷؔ܎ੑʹ͍ͭͯ ࿩͞ͳ͍͜ͱ %BQSͰͷΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ࣮૷ ৄࡉͳγεςϜΞʔΩςΫνϟ $MPVE/BUJWF΋ιϑτ΢ΣΞ։ൃ΋   ͦͷຊ࣭͸పఈతͳ࣮ફͰ͢ ͳͷͰɺؾܰʹฉ͖ྲྀ͍͚ͯͨͩ͠Δ ͱࢥΘΕ·͢ɻ

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ࣗಈԽͱίϯςφͷ࿩

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ࣗಈԽͱ$POUBJOFS photo by Pixabay, licensed under Creative Commons 2.0

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*OGSBTUSVDUVSFBT%PDVNFOU࣌୅ w γεςϜӡ༻୲౰ऀ͕ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯΛ഑ஔ͢Δํ๏ w ਓؒͷࢥߟ΍ߦಈΛίʔσΟϯάͯ͠γεςϜΛ؅ཧ͢Δҝͷൿ఻ͷυΩϡϝϯτΛҾ͖ܧ͙ w Ұ୆Ұ୆Λஸೡʹઃఆ͍͕ͯ͘͠ग़ࣗ͸ෆ໌ w ͳͥɺಈ͍͍ͯΔ͔΋෼͔Βͣɺ͞ΘͬͨΒಈ͔ͳ͘ͳΔ͔Βൿ఻ͷλϨͱͳΓ͍͔ͭ෗Δ w %PDVNFOU͸͋Δ͕ߋ৽͞Εͯͳ͍͜ͱ΋͠͹͠͹ ൿ఻ͷυΩϡϝϯτ ͱΓ͋͑ͣɺಈ͍͍ͯΔ ຊ൪؀ڥ खॱ͸IJTUPSZ ໨తʹԊͬͨ%PDVNFOUBUJPOBT$PEFΛ͍͔ʹ࣮ͯ͠ݱ͍͔ͯ͘͠1)1FS,BJHJ ͳͲΛಡΜͰΈ͍ͯͩ͘͞

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*OGSBTUSVDUVSFBT$PEF࣌୅ w γεςϜӡ༻୲౰ऀ͕ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯΛίʔυʹΑͬͯ഑ஔ͢Δ w ௚༁͢Δͱʮίʔυͱͯ͠ͷΠϯϑϥʯɺʮΠϯϑϥΛίʔυͰهड़͢Δʯ͜ͱ w ͞·͟·ͳखॱ΍લఏΛ$PEFͷதͰදݱ͍ͯ͘͜͠ͱͰશ͕ͯݟ͑ͯ͘Δ w ᴈ໌ظ͸γεςϜ؅ཧͷࣗಈԽ͕ͦͷޙ͸ιϑτ΢ΣΞ։ൃϓϥΫςΟεΛԠ༻͢Δͷ͕য఺ʹ $PEF ໿ଋ͞ΕͨউརͷࣗಈԽ *OGSBTUSVDUVSFBT$PEFͷ͜Ε·Ͱͱ͜Ε͔Β*OGSB4UVEZ.FFUVQΑΓ ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ ϛυϧ΢ΣΞ ֤छઃఆ

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໿ଋ͞ΕͨউརͷࣗಈԽͳΜͯͳ͍ࣗಈԽͷෆ౎߹ͳਅ࣮ w ࠷ॳ͸͏·͍͘͘ w 04΍ϛυϧ΢ΣΞͷόʔδϣϯΛ্͛Δͱࢮ͵ w ΞϓϦຖɺϗετຖʹݸผԽɺଐਓԽ΍γεςϜͷෳࡶԽ͕ਐߦ w ࣗಈԽͰτϥϒϧͷͰख࡞ۀ͕ଟ͘ͳ͍ͬͯ͘ w ৮Δͷ͕ා͘ͳͬͨΒൿ఻ͷλϨ͕෗ഊ͍ͯ͠Δ߹ਤ ࣗಈԽ΋෗Γ΍͍͢ ͯ΁ο ߋ৽ มߋ ߋʜŗƀ 7FSTJPO6Q

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෗Βͳ͍Α͏ʹ͢ΔࣗಈԽ w *NNVUBCMF*OGSBTUSVDUVSF w ΠϯϑϥΛ؅ཧ͢Δख๏ͷҰͭͰʮҰ౓ߏஙͨ͠ຊ൪؀ڥʹ ͸ߋ৽΍ύονͷఏڙͳͲͷมߋΛՃ͑ͣՔಇͤ͞Δʯ   ͱ͍͏Α͏ͳߟ͑ํ w ࣗಈԽΛਐΊ͍ͯ͘தͰൃݟ͞Εͨૉ੖Β͍͠ϓϥΫςΟε w ৗʹΫϦʔϯΠϯετʔϧ͔Β։࢝ w ඞཁͳ΋ͷ͸શͯݻΊΞϓϦΛڞଘͤ͞ͳ͍ ໿ଋ͞ΕͯΔউརͷࣗಈԽ   ࣮͸͚ͩ͜͜

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ίϯςφ΁ͷಓ w ΞϓϦʹඞཁͳ΋ͷΛશͯಛఆͷϑΥʔϚοτͰݻΊͯɺల։͢Δ͚ͩͰىಈ w ೥ʹ࠷ॳʹϦϦʔε͞Εɺ%PDLFS *ODʹΑͬͯ։ൃ w %PDLFS͸ʮίϯςφʯͱݺ͹ΕΔιϑτ΢ΣΞύοέʔδΛ࣮ߦ͞ΕΔ ϕʔεΠϝʔδΛμ΢ϯϩʔυ ඞཁͳ֤छιϑτ΢ΣΞ͸શͯίϯςφ಺ʹΠϯετʔϧ ඞཁͳઃఆ͸ίϯςφ࡞੒࣌ʹ࢓ࠐΉ Dockerfile Docker Image Docker Container docker build docker run ىಈͷ໿ଋ͞Εͨ উརͷΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ %PDLFSͳͲ

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ࣗಈԽͱίϯςφͷͬ͘͟Γͱͨؔ͠܎ w Πϯϑϥͷ෗ഊΛ๷ࢭ w ӡ༻͕౷Ұత w ։ൃͰςετ͠ɺͦͷ··Λӡ༻ʹద༻Մೳ w ؀ڥͷӨڹΛड͚ͣʹࣗಈԽͷෛ୲͸ܰݮ ຊ൪؀ڥ ςετ؀ڥ ։ൃ؀ڥ ಉ͡Ϟϊͱͯ͠ѻ͑Δ

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˞ίϯςφͷऄ଍ w %PDLFS·Ͱͷྺ࢙΍ཁૉٕज़͸୳ͬͯΈͯ΋໘ന͍ w ίϯςφͱ͸ҎԼͷΑ͏ͳಛ௃Λ࣋ͬͨಛผͳϓϩηε w ଞͷϓϩηεͱͷϦιʔεͷִ཭ w 04ͷϦιʔεར༻ʹର͢Δ੍ݶ chroot process LinuxΛߏ੒͢Δ̏ͭͷ֓೦  ϑΝΠϧγεςϜ ϓϩηε ετϦʔϜ d ཁૉٕज़ *TPMBUJPO ΧʔωϧϦιʔε΍ϑΝΠϧγεςϜͷִ཭ /BNFTQBDF   -JNJUBUJPO ϋʔυ΢ΣΞϦιʔεͷ੍ݶ DHSPVQ   3FTUSJDUJPO ݖݶͷ੍໿ $BQBCJMJUZ

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Ϋϥ΢υʹΑΔΞϓϦέʔγϣϯϑΝʔετ w Ϋϥ΢υʹΑΓ૊Έ্͛ํ͔ࣜΒݺͼग़͠ํࣜ΁ w ཁٻ͢Ε͹ԼҐͷϦιʔε͕ࣗಈతʹׂΓ౰ͨΔ w ίϯςφʹΑͬͯऔΓѻ͍Λڞ௨Խ w ΞϓϦͱΠϯϑϥͷґଘؔ܎Λஅͪ੾Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ )8 04 ϥϯλΠϜ ϥΠϒϥϦ "QQ ίϯςφ ڞ௨Խ͞Εͨཁٻ શͯ͸HWͷௐୡ͔Β ≒ϦιʔεϑΝʔετ ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯϑΝʔετ͕$MPVE/BUJWFͱ͍͏Θ͚Ͱ͸ͳ͍

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$MPVE/BUJWFͱ   8FCαʔϏεج൫Ϟσϧʹ͍ͭͯ࠶ߟ

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4FSWJDF-FWFMJOEJDBUPSͱ4FSWJDF-FWFM0CKFDUJWF w ৴པੑͱɺ৴པੑͰ͸େ͖ͳҧ͍ w ৴པੑΛ࣮ݱ͢ΔͨΊʹ͸ɺͱ͸ҟͳΓ๲େͳ޻਺Λ౤ೖ͕ඞཁ   ΄ͱΜͲͷϢʔβʔʹͱͬͯ͸ʮʯ͕ʮʯʹͳ͔ͬͨΒͱ͍ͬͯɺ   େ͖ͳϝϦοτ͕͋ΔΘ͚Ͱ͸͋Γ·ͤΜ🥺🥺🥺   w ֤αʔϏε͝ͱʹద੾ͳ4-0Λઃఆ͢Δ͜ͱ͕େࣄ w 4-0ͱ͸ɺ4-*Ͱܭଌ͞ΕΔαʔϏεϨϕϧͷ໨ඪ஋ɺ·ͨ͸໨ඪ஋ͷൣғΛࢦ͠·͢ w 4-0Λʮ೥ʯͱઃఆ͢Δͱɺʮ೥ͷ͏ͪ෼͸Քಇ͠ͳͯ͘΋Α͍ʯͱ͍͏͜ͱʹͳΓ·͢ w ͔͠͠ɺγϯάϧϊʔυ୆ͰΞϓϦΛಈ͔͢ͱʜɹŗŕŗŕŗŕ w4FSWJDF-FWFM*OEJDBUPSͷྫ w ϦΫΤετͷϨΠςϯγʢϦΫΤετʹର͢ΔϨεϙϯεΛฦ͢·Ͱʹ͔͔ͬͨ࣌ؒʣ w Τϥʔ཰ʢड৴ͨ͠ϦΫΤετΛਖ਼ৗʹॲཧͰ͖ͳ͔ͬͨൺ཰ʣ w γεςϜεϧʔϓοτʢ୯Ґ࣌ؒ͋ͨΓʹॲཧͰ͖ΔϦΫΤετ਺ʣ w Մ༻ੑʢαʔϏε͕ར༻Ͱ͖Δ࣌ؒͷൺ཰ʣ

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γϯάϧϊʔυ୆ͰΞϓϦΛಈ͔͢ͱʜɹŗŕŗŕŗŕ Dockerfile "QQ" "QQ# ΞϓϦͷߋ৽͸ʁ   αʔόʔࣗମ͕ిݯஅͰαʔϏεམΑͶʁ   ෛՙ͕૿͑ͨΒͲ͏͢Δͷʁ   ΞΫηε͕૿͑ͨΒͲ͏͢Δͷʁ .Z42- Ϋϥ΢υΛ࢖͔ͬͨΒͱ͍ͬͯʜ Մ༻ੑ͕উखʹߴ·ΔΘ͚Ͱ͸ͳ͍ ԿΒ͔ͷํ๏ͰϦεΫΛճආͤͶ͹ɺ ͦͷํ๏ͷҰ͕ͭ,VCFSOFUFTͰ͋Γ   $MPVE/BUJWFͱͳΔ

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$MPVE/BUJWFͱ͸ʁ w Ϋϥ΢υωΠςΟϒٕज़͸ɺύϒϦοΫΫϥ΢υɺϓϥΠϕʔτΫϥ΢υɺϋΠϒϦουΫϥ΢ υͳͲͷۙ୅తͰμΠφϛοΫͳ؀ڥʹ͓͍ͯɺεέʔϥϒϧͳΞϓϦέʔγϣϯΛߏங͓Αͼ ࣮ߦ͢ΔͨΊͷೳྗΛ૊৫ʹ΋ͨΒ͠·͢ɻ͜ͷΞϓϩʔνͷ୅දྫʹɺίϯςφɺαʔϏεϝ ογϡɺϚΠΫϩαʔϏεɺΠϛϡʔλϒϧΠϯϑϥετϥΫνϟɺ͓Αͼએݴܕ"1*͕͋Γ· ͢ɻ w ͜ΕΒͷख๏ʹΑΓɺճ෮ੑɺ؅ཧྗɺ͓ΑͼՄ؍ଌੑͷ͋Δૄ݁߹γεςϜ͕࣮ݱ͠·͢ɻ͜ ΕΒΛݎ࿚ͳࣗಈԽͱ૊Έ߹ΘͤΔ͜ͱͰɺΤϯδχΞ͸ΠϯύΫτͷ͋ΔมߋΛ࠷খݶͷ࿑ྗ Ͱසൟ͔ͭ༧ଌͲ͓Γʹߦ͏͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖·͢ɻ w $MPVE/BUJWF$PNQVUJOH'PVOEBUJPO͸ɺΦʔϓϯιʔεͰϕϯμʔதཱϓϩδΣΫτͷΤ ίγεςϜΛҭ੒ɾҡ࣋ͯ͠ɺ͜ͷύϥμΠϜͷ࠾༻Λଅਐ͍ͨ͠ͱߟ͑ͯ·͢ɻࢲͨͪ͸࠷ઌ ୺ͷύλʔϯΛຽओԽ͠ɺ͜ΕΒͷΠϊϕʔγϣϯΛ୭΋͕ར༻Ͱ͖ΔΑ͏ʹ͠·͢ɻ IUUQTHJUIVCDPNDODGUPDCMPCNBJO%&'*/*5*0 ໨తͱ཭Ε͗͢ΔͷͰৄ͘͠͸આ໌͠·ͤΜ

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$MPVE/BUJWFͱ͸ʁ IUUQTHJUIVCDPNDODGUPDCMPCNBJO%&'*/*5*0 ίϯςφ αʔϏεϝογϡ ϚΠΫϩαʔϏε ΠϛϡʔμϒϧΠϯϑϥετϥΫνϟ ͓ΑͼએݴܕAPI ͳͲΛ༻͍ͯ ૄ݁߹ͳγεςϜΛ࣮ݱ͢Δ ճ෮ੑ   ؅ཧྗ   Մ؍ଌੑ   ݎ࿚ͳࣗಈԽʹΑͬͯมԽʹڧ͍

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ૄ݁߹Ͱ͸ͳ͍γεςϜͱ͸ʁ w "WBJMBCJMJUZ w ίϯϙʔωϯτ͕ࢮ͵ͱશମ͕ࢮ͵ w 4DBMBCJMJUZ w ҰͭͷػೳΛεέʔϧͤ͞ΔͨΊʹ͸શମͷεέʔϧ͕ඞཁ w $PNQMFYJUZ w ৽͍͠ػೳΛ௥Ճ͢Δͱ͖ʹશମͱͷௐ࿨͕ඞཁͳͷͰେม %# 6TF$PSF 'SJFOET 1JDUVSFT 1PTUT FUD 5JNF-JOF ໨తͱ཭Ε͗͢ΔͷͰৄ͘͠͸આ໌͠·ͤΜ

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ૄ݁߹ͳγεςϜͱ͸ʁ w 3FTJMJFOU w ҰͭͷαʔϏε͕ࢮΜͰ΋Ұ෦ͷαʔϏε͸ܧଓ w 'MFYJCMF4DBMF w αʔϏε͝ͱʹಠཱͯ͠εέʔϧϦιʔεͷ࠷దԽ w 4JNQMJDJUZ w খ͞ͳ୯ҐͰ։ൃ͢Δ͜ͱʹΑΓ৽ػೳͷ௥Ճ͕༰қʹͳΔ ໨తͱ཭Ε͗͢ΔͷͰৄ͘͠͸આ໌͠·ͤΜ

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,VCFSOFUFT w ೥ʹ(PPHMFʹΑͬͯ։ൃ͞Εɺݱࡏ͸$MPVE /BUJWF$PNQVUJOH'PVOEBUJPO͕ϝϯςφϯεΛ ߦ͍ͬͯΔ(PMBOH੡ͷΦʔέετϨʔγϣϯπʔϧ w ,VCFSOFUFTͷ໨త͸ɺʮϗετͷΫϥελʔΛԣஅ ͯ͠ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯίϯςφΛࣗಈσϓϩΠɺεέ ʔϦϯάɺૢ࡞͢ΔͨΊͷϓϥοτϑΥʔϜʯΛఏڙ w ޡղΛڪΕͣ؆୯ʹ͍͏ͱ%PDLFSΛ͍͍ײ͡ʹ͢Δ ΍ͭ IUUQTXXXDODGJPCMPHJOUSPEVDJOHUIFDMPVEOBUJWFMBOETDBQFJOUFSB ໨తͱ཭Ε͗͢ΔͷͰৄ͘͠͸આ໌͠·ͤΜ

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,VCFSOFUFTͷಛ௃ • ෆมͳΠϯϑϥ ◦ Ұ౓ɺߏஙͨ͠Πϯϑϥ͸มߋΛՃ͑Δ͜ͱͳ͘ഁغͯ͠ɺ৽͍͠΋ͷΛߏங͠ͳ͓ͤ͹Α͍   *NQMJDJUPS%ZOBNJD(SPVQJOH ೖΕΔͱ͜Ζͳ͍ͷͰίίʹॻ͍͓͖ͯ·͢ • એݴతઃఆ ◦ ໋ྩతʹखॱ΍มߋཤྺΛه࿥͢ΔͷͰ͸ͳ͘એݴతͳઃఆͰ͸γεςϜͷ͋Δ΂͖࢟Λఆٛ͠·͢ɻ,VCFSOFUFT͸͜ͷఆٛϑΝΠϧ Λ֬ೝͯ͋͠Δ΂͖࢟ʹࣗ཯తʹಈ࡞͢Δ   %FDMBSBUJWF$PO fi HVSBUJPO • ࣗݾम෮ػೳ ◦ ,VCFSOFUFT͕ো֐΍ҟৗ͕͋ͬͨ࣌ʹ͋Δ΂͖࢟ʹͳΔҝʹγεςϜ͕ઃఆͨ͠௨Γʹ"1*Λ࠶ىಈͨ͠Γ༷ʑͳ࡞ۀΛࣗಈͰߦ͏   3FDPODJMJBUJPO-PPQʹ࣮ͯݱ ΞϓϦ։ൃऀ͸ ϦιʔεΛ͋Β͔͡Ί༻ҙͤͣ ίʔυͰݺͼग़͠ Ұ෦յΕͯ΋ࣗಈͰ෮چ͢Δ

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8FCαʔϏεج൫Ϟσϧʹ͍ͭͯ •αʔϏε૚ ◦ ࣮ࡍͷ8FCΞϓϦ΍8FCαʔϏεͷίϯςϯπ૚ •ετϥςδʔ૚ ◦ 8FCαʔϏεͷಛੑʹ߹Θͤͯίϯςφج൫ΛΑΓಛ௃తʹ੍ޚ͢Δ૚ • ΦʔέετϨʔγϣϯ૚ ◦ ίϯςφ܈΍ऩ༰ϗετ܈ͷϞχλϦϯά΍Ϧιʔε؅ཧ౳ʹΑͬͯ$3*Λ   հͯ͠ίϯςφΛ੍ޚ͢Δ૚ •ίϯςφϥϯλΠϜ૚ ◦ ίϯςφͦͷ΋ͷͷ੍ޚ૚ •ΠϯϑϥετϥΫνϟ૚ ◦ ϋʔυ΢ΣΞ΍7.ɺϕΞϝλϧ౳ͷίϯςφͷϦιʔεϓʔϧΛ࣮ݱ͢Δ૚ https://rand.pepabo.com/article/2017/06/28/iot38-matsumotory/ ΑΓ

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ετϥςδʔ૚ͷਐԽͱ֦େ w ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεΞʔΩςΫνϟʹ͓͚Δωοτϫʔ Ϋ໘Ͱͷ՝୊Λղܾ͢Δػೳ܈Λఏڙ͢Δ*TUJP w ϞμϯͳαʔόʔϨεϫʔΫϩʔυΛϏϧυɺσϓϩ Πɺ؅ཧ͢ΔͨΊͷ,VCFSOFUFTϕʔεͷϓϥοτϑ ΥʔϜ,OBUJWF     ͳͲɺ͞·͟·ͳ༻్ͷΞϓϦ͕஀ੜ͍ͯ͠Δ ͪ͜ΒΛ·ͭ΋ͱΓʔ͞Μ͕ఆٛͨ͠   ೥͔Βݱࡏͷ೥·Ͱͷؒʹ   ࠷΋มԽ͕ىͬͨ͜ͷ͕ετϥςδʔ૚

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ετϥςδʔ૚ͷ֦େͱ%BQSʹ͍ͭͯ w %BQSͱ͸ w ޮ཰తͳΫϥ΢υωΠςΟϒΞϓϦ։ൃΛ໨ࢦͨ͠   ෼ࢄΞϓϦέʔγϣϯϥϯλΠϜ w %BQS͸αΠυΧʔʹΑΓαʔϏεؒͷݺͼग़ ͠ɺεςʔτ؅ཧɺαʔϏεؒϝοηʔδϯάͳͲ ͷඇػೳཁ݅Λ࣮ݱ͢ΔࣄͰ෼ࢄΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ ͷ࣮૷্ͷ՝୊Λղܾ͢Δػೳ܈Λఏڙ͢ΔϑϨʔ ϜϫʔΫͰ͢ɻ     ඇػೳతͰ͸͋Δ͕ຊདྷɺαʔϏε૚͕͍࣋ͬͯͨ   Ұ෦ػೳΛετϥςδʔ૚͕୲͍ͬͯΔɻ

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$PNQMFYJUZͱ%BQSͷ࣮૷ʹ͍ͭͯ

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%BQSͱ͸ʁ %JTUSJCVUFE"QQMJDBUJPO3VOUJNFͷུ   %BQSͷಛ௃ αΠυΧʔʹΑΓ೚ҙͷ։ൃݴޠ΍ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫͰ։ൃՄೳ ϕετϓϥΫςΟεΛϏϧσΟϯάϒϩοΫͱͯ͠ఏڙ (PBM IUUQTHJUIVCDPNEBQSEBQSHPBMT ͋ΒΏΔݴޠ΍ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫΛ࢖༻ͯ͠ɺ෼ࢄΞϓϦέʔγϣϯΛهड़͢Δ͜ͱ͕Մೳ ϕετϓϥΫςΟεͷϏϧσΟϯάϒϩοΫΛఏڙ͢Δ͜ͱͰɺϚΠΫϩαʔϏε   ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷߏஙͰ։ൃऀ͕௚໘͢Δࠔ೉ͳ໰୊Λղܾ ίϛϡχςΟओಋͰɺΦʔϓϯ͔ͭϕϯμʔχϡʔτϥϧͰ͋Δ͜ͱ ৽ͨͳߩݙऀͷ֫ಘ Φʔϓϯ"1*ʹΑΔҰ؏ੑͱϙʔλϏϦςΟͷఏڙ Ϋϥ΢υ΍ΤοδͳͲɺϓϥοτϑΥʔϜʹͱΒΘΕͳ͍ ϕϯμϩοΫΠϯ͢Δ͜ͱͳ͘ɺ֦ுੑͱϓϥάΠϯՄೳͳίϯϙʔωϯτΛఏڙ͢Δ ߴ͍ύϑΥʔϚϯεͱܰྔԽʹΑΓɺ*P5΍ΤοδͷγφϦΦΛՄೳʹ͢Δ ࣮ߦ࣌ʹґଘ͢Δ͜ͱͳ͘ɺطଘͷίʔυ͔ΒΠϯΫϦϝϯλϧʹ࠾༻Ͱ͖Δ

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αΠυΧʔύλʔϯͱ͸ʁ ෼ࢄγεςϜʹ͓͚ΔσβΠϯύλʔϯͷҰͭ αΠυΧʔ͸ɺΞϓϦέʔγϣϯίϯςφΛ֦ு͓Αͼ֦ுͯ͠ɺػೳΛ௥Ճ͠ ·͢ɻαΠυΧʔΛ࢖༻ͯ͠طଘͷϨΨγʔΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͳͲʹ΋ద༻Ͱ͖ ·͢ɻಉ༷ʹɺ͜ΕΒΛ࢖༻ͯ͠ɺҰൠతͳػೳͷ࣮૷Λඪ४Խ͢ΔίϯςφΛ ࡞੒͢Δ͜ͱ΋Ͱ͖·͢ɻ

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%BQSʹ͓͚ΔαΠυΧʔΞʔΩςΫνϟ w %BQSͷଟ༷ੑ w %BQSαΠυΧʔʹΑΓɺ)551 H31$Ͱͷ௨৴͕ՄೳͰ͋Ε͹   ։ൃ͕Ͱ͖Δ w ެࣜ4%,΋ఏڙ͞Ε͍ͯΔ +BWBTEL 1ZUIPOTEL %PUOFUTEL +TTEL (PTEL $QQTEL 1)14%, 8*13VTUTEL

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ϏϧσΟϯάϒϩοΫ w ϏϧσΟϯάϒϩοΫ w Ұൠతʹ͸γεςϜΞʔΩςΫνϟΛߏ੒͢Δཁૉ w %BQSͰ͸ར༻Մೳͳػೳ܈ͷ͜ͱΛࢦ͢৔߹͕ଟ͍ w ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεͷϕετϓϥΫςΟεΛମܥԽͯ͠ػೳͱ࣮ͯ͠૷͞ΕͯΔ w αΠυΧʔͷ)551H31$Λݺͼग़ͯ͜͠ΕΒΛར༻͢Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ w ίϯϙʔωϯτ w ϏϧσΟϯάϒϩοΫͰར༻͞ΕΔػೳϞδϡʔϧ w ҰͭҎ্ͷෳ਺ͷίϯϙʔωϯτΛ࢖༻Մೳ w *'͕༻ҙ͞Ε͍ͯΔͷͰ͜ΕΒʹ߹ΘͤͯػೳΛ࣮૷ w ౷Ұ͞ΕͨΤϯυϙΠϯτ͕ར༻Ͱ͖ΔͷͰΞϓϦଆʹෳࡶੑΛ๊͑ࠐ·ͳͯ͘ྑ͍ IUUQTEPDTEBQSJPDPODFQUTCVJMEJOHCMPDLTDPO IUUQTHJUIVCDPNEBQSDPNQPOFOUTDPOUSJC

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ϏϧσΟϯάϒϩοΫ w ೥݄ͰͭͷϏϧσΟϯάϒϩοΫ͕༻ҙ͞Ε͍ͯΔ

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ϏϧσΟϯάϒϩοΫ w αʔϏεؒݺͼग़͠ w ঢ়ଶ؅ཧ w ύϒϦογϡͱαϒεΫϥΠϒ w όΠϯμʔ w ΞΫλʔ w Մ؍ଌੑ w γʔΫϨοτͷ؅ཧ w ߏ੒ઃఆ IUUQTEPDTEBQSJPEFWFMPQJOHBQQMJDBUJPOTCVJMEJOHCMPDLT ػೳ͕·ͩগͳ͍ͷͰ͜Ε͚ͩͰ   શͯΧόʔ͢Δͷ͸·ͩ೉͍͠ͱࢥ͏

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αʔϏεؒͰͷݺͼग़͠ w αʔϏεؒͰϝιουΛ௚઀ɺ҆શʹݺͼग़࣮͠ߦ͠·͢ IUUQTEPDTEBQSJPEFWFMPQJOHBQQMJDBUJPOTCVJMEJOHCMPDLTTFSWJDFJOWPDBUJPOTFSWJDFJO PWFSWJFX ࢿྉ༻ެࣜυΩϡϝϯτ͕࠷ߴͳͷͰಡΜͰ

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ঢ়ଶ؅ཧ w ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ͕ར༻͢ΔσʔλΛΩʔͱ஋ͷϖΞͰ؅ཧ IUUQTEPDTEBQSJPEFWFMPQJOHBQQMJDBUJPOTCVJMEJOHCMPDLTTUBUFNBOBHFNFOUTUBUFNBO PWFSWJFX ࢿྉ༻ެࣜυΩϡϝϯτ͕࠷ߴͳͷͰಡΜͰ

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ύϒϦογϡ͓ΑͼαϒεΫϥΠϒ w 1VC4VCϝοηʔδϯάϞσϧΛఏڙ IUUQTEPDTEBQSJPEFWFMPQJOHBQQMJDBUJPOTCVJMEJOHCMPDLTQVCTVCQVCTVC ࢿྉ༻ެࣜυΩϡϝϯτ͕࠷ߴͳͷͰಡΜͰ

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όΠϯμʔ w ֎෦αʔϏεͱͷ࿈ܞΛઃఆ͢Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ IUUQTEPDTEBQSJPEFWFMPQJOHBQQMJDBUJPOTCVJMEJOHCMPDLTCJO ࢿྉ༻ެࣜυΩϡϝϯτ͕࠷ߴͳͷͰಡΜͰ

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ΞΫλʔ w ܭࢉ୯ҐͷॲཧΛฒྻ࣮ߦͤ͞Δػೳ IUUQTEPDTEBQSJPEFWFMPQJOHBQQMJDBUJPOTCVJMEJOHCMPDLTBDUPSTBDUPST ࢿྉ༻ެࣜυΩϡϝϯτ͕࠷ߴͳͷͰಡΜͰ

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γʔΫϨοτͷ؅ཧ w ֎෦γεςϜ΁ΞΫηε͢ΔͨΊͷ,FZ΍5PLFOΛ؅ཧ ֎෦࿈ܞ΋͋Γ IUUQTEPDTEBQSJPEFWFMPQJOHBQQMJDBUJPOTCVJMEJOHCMPDLTTFDSFUTTFDSFU ࢿྉ༻ެࣜυΩϡϝϯτ͕࠷ߴͳͷͰಡΜͰ

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ߏ੒ઃఆ w ઀ଓ৘ใ΍ΤϯυϙΠϯτͳͲΛ؅ཧ IUUQTEPDTEBQSJPEFWFMPQJOHBQQMJDBUJPOTCVJMEJOHCMPDLTDPO fi HVSBUJPODPO fi HVSBUJPO ࢿྉ༻ެࣜυΩϡϝϯτ͕࠷ߴͳͷͰಡΜͰ

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3FQPTJUPSZʹ͓͍ͯ%BQSʹΑΔந৅Խͷཧ૝ͱݱ࣮

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3FQPTJUPSZͱ͸ w %%%ͷϨΠϠʔυΞʔΩςΫνϟͰఏএ͞Ε͍Δ w 3FQPTJUPSZͰΠϯλʔϑΣʔεΛఆٛ͢Δ͜ͱʹΑΓ*OGSB૚Λந৅Խɺґଘੑͷٯస w ϞοΫͷࠩ͠ସ͕͑ՄೳʹͳΓɺ"QQMJDBUJPO૚ͷϢχοτςετ͕ՄೳʹͳΔ *OGSBTUSVDUVSF 3FQPTJUPSZ "QQMJDBUJPO

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%BQSʹΑΔ3FQPTJUPSZͷٵऩ͖͠Δͷ͔ʁ w ԿΛந৅Խ͍ͯ͠Δͷ͔ʁ w 3FQPTJUPSZ͸ɺந৅ԽͱϨΠϠʔԽΛಉ࣌ʹߦ͏ͷ͕Ұൠత w %BQS͸લड़ͨ͠ϏϧσΟϯάϒϩοΫͱެࣜͷ4%,ʹΑͬͯϓϩτίϧͷந৅Խ͕Մೳ w ந৅Խʹ߹Θ࣮ͤͨ૷ΛҰ෦͠ͳͯ͘΋ྑ͍ͷͰશମͷ࣮૷ྔ͸ͦΓΌɺݮΔ *OGSBTUSVDUVSF 3FQPTJUPSZ "QQMJDBUJPO DMJFOU FSSEBQS/FX$MJFOU DUYDPOUFYU#BDLHSPVOE EBUB<>CZUF IFMMP TUPSFNZTUPSF DMJFOU4BWF4UBUF DUY TUPSF LFZ EBUB IUUQTHJUIVCDPNEBQSHPTEL νʔϜͰͲͷΑ͏ͳ࣮૷ʹ͍͔ͯ͘͠࿩͠߹͍ ͪͳɺϨΠϠʔԽʹؔͯ͠͸͋·Γد༩͠ͳ͍

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%BQSʹΑͬͯ$PNQMFYJUZ͸ղফ͞ΕΔͷ͔ʁ w $PNQMFYJUZͱ͸ w ೝࣝ΍มߋΛࠔ೉ʹ͢Διϑτ΢ΣΞͷߏ଄ʹؔ͢Δશͯͷ΋ ͷΛࢦ͠·͢ w ͲΕ͚࣮ͩ૷͕ʮෳࡶʯͰ΋։ൃऀ͕ಡΈॻ͖͢Δඞཁ͕ͳ͍ Α͏ʹͳ͍ͬͯΕ͹ɺͦΕ͸$PNQMFYJUZͱ͸ݴ͍·ͤΜ w 1SPYZ͕୲͏෦෼͸·ͩɺػೳ͕·ͩগͳ͍ w %BQSͰ$PNQMFYJUZͷղফͷເ͸ݟΕΔ͔ʁ w %BQSʹΑͬͯந৅ԽͷҰ෦ͷϝϦοτ͸ಘΒΕΔ w %BQSͰ΋ϨΠϠʔԽ͢Δͷ͸ࣗ෼ୡͰ͋Δ͜ͱΛ๨Εͣʹ w .PDL$MJFOUΈ͍ͨͳ࿩͕HPTELͰ΋ग़Ε͹͍͍͕   ಛʹͳ͍ͷͰࣗ෼ୡͰ༻ҙ͢Δඞཁ͕͋Δ IUUQTHJUIVCDPNEBQSKBWBTELJTTVFT

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ࢀߟࢿྉ

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ࢀߟࢿྉ w *OGSBTUSVDUVSFBT$PEFͷ͜Ε·Ͱͱ͜Ε͔Β*OGSB4UVEZ.FFUVQΑΓ w IUUQTGPSLXFMMDPOOQBTTDPNFWFOU w %BQS%PDT w IUUQTEPDTEBQSJP w ;ͭ͏ͷ-JOVYϓϩάϥϛϯάୈ൛ɹ-JOVYͷ࢓૊Έ͔Βֶ΂ΔHDDϓϩάϥϛϯάͷԦಓ w IUUQTXXXTCDSKQQSPEVDU w ίϯςφ࣌୅ͷ8FCαʔϏεج൫Ϟσϧ'BTU$POUBJOFSͷݚڀൃදΛ͖ͯ͠·ͨ͠ w IUUQTSBOEQFQBCPDPNBSUJDMFJPUNBUTVNPUPSZ w ໨తʹԊͬͨ%PDVNFOUBUJPOBT$PEFΛ͍͔ʹ࣮ͯ͠ݱ͍͔ͯ͘͠1)1FS,BJHJ w IUUQTTQFBLFSEFDLDPNLMPXQIQFSLBJHJ

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ࢀߟࢿྉ w Ϋϥ΢υωΠςΟϒͱ,VCFSOFUFTʢ͍͍ͩͨ͋ͬͯΔΫϥ΢υωΠςΟϒʣ w IUUQTTQFBLFSEFDLDPNIJSP@LBNF[BXBLVSBVEPOFJUFJCVUPLVCFSOFUFTEBJUBJBUVUFSVLVSBVEPOFJUFJCV w %FTJHOJOH%JTUSJCVUFE4ZTUFNT 16#-*4)&%#:03FJMMZ.FEJB *OD w IUUQTMFBSOJOHPSFJMMZDPNMJCSBSZWJFXEFTJHOJOHEJTUSJCVUFETZTUFNT w ϘτϜΞοϓυϝΠϯۦಈઃܭ w IUUQTOSTMJCDPNCPUUPNVQEEE w 3FQPTJUPSZʹΑΔந৅Խͷཧ૝ͱݱ࣮*EFBMBOESFBMJUZPGBCTUSBDUJPOCZ3FQPTJUPSZ w IUUQTTQFBLFSEFDLDPNTPOBUBSEJEFBMBOESFBMJUZPGBCTUSBDUJPOCZSFQPTJUPSZ w "1IJMPTPQIZPG4PGUXBSF%FTJHO w IUUQTXFCTUBOGPSEFEVdPVTUFSDHJCJOCPPLQIQ