Building Fast APIs and Middlewares: Mezzio + Swoole

We'll be discussing Mezzio: A PSR-15 Middleware framework, allowing you to build elegant middlewares for your applications and also Swoole: a PHP extension that allows you to build high performance applications. We'll also look at how to combine both to get the best of both worlds and highlight how this differs from the traditional Apache/Nginx PHP approaches and pitfalls to be aware of when taking the dive.

Transcript

1. Building Fast APIs and Middlewares: Mezzio + Swoole 17th Nov, 2023
2. Who am I I’m Babarinde Odewumi I’m from Nigeria I’m Founder and Senior Software Architect @ abbaandking.com I’m a Husband of One and Father of Two I’m a Believer
3. My Work Lead a fantastic team of Designers, Frontend & Backend Devs Build Systems that make peoples lives a bit easier Design End to End Software for Digital Insurance Companies in Nigeria Some open source contributions to Dokku Kubernetes Scheduler
4. Agenda Mezzio Swoole Mezzio + Swoole
5. Why do APIs need to be fast Everyone likes fast things Modern Frontend Frameworks Impatient Customers
6. How we use Mezzio, Swoole & PHP Private APIs Public APIs Long running jobs
7. Mezzio
8. What is Mezzio Mezzio allows you to write PSR-15 middleware applications Create middleware applications, using as many layers as you want, and the architecture your project needs. Used to be Zend Expressive https://docs.mezzio.dev/mezzio/
9. Mezzio Features PSR-15 Middlewares Consume PSR-7 Messages Route requests to Middleware (Fastroute, Aura.Router, Laminas-router) Dependency Injection PSR-11 compatible (Laminas- ServiceManager, Pimple, Aura.DI) Templating (Twig, Plates, Laminas-View) Error Handling (Whoops, etc.)
10. Middlewares • Middleware is code that exists between the request and response, and which can take the incoming request, perform actions based on it, and either complete the response or pass delegation on to the next middleware in the queue.
11. Middlewares • With this paradigm, you can build a workflow engine for handling requests — for instance, you could have middleware perform the following • Handle Authentication • Manage Access Control • Logging, etc.
12. The Value of PRS-15 Middlewares • Building blocks • Lightweight • Organization • Reusability • Interoperability
13. PRS-15 – Request Handler Interface
14. PRS-15 – Middleware Interface
17. Route Definitions
21. Callable Middlewares
22. Getting Started with Mezzio • https://docs.mezzio.dev/mezzio/v3/getting- started/quick-start/
23. Other Mezzio Middlewares Problem Details CORS HAL CSRF Authorization: RBAC & ACL Etc.
24. Swoole
25. What is Swoole • Swoole is an event-driven, asynchronous, coroutine-based concurrency library with high performance for PHP. • HTTP Server • Web Sockets • TCP Server • UDP Server • Coroutines • Swoole or Openswoole
26. HTTP Server
27. Websocket Server
28. TCP Server
29. Coroutines
31. Traditional PHP For every HTTP Request • Request hits Separate Web Server • PHP process is triggered • Application is bootstrapped and loaded • Request is processed • Response is returned • Dispose everything and start again for new request
32. PHP + Swoole On First request • Request hits set up webserver • Application is bootstrapped and loaded • Dispatch to web worker • Request is processed • Response is returned • Keep Application state in memory for subsequent HTTP requests
33. Swoole Design
34. Swoole In Details Swoole runs a main process which bootstraps the PHP application once, and then keeps it in memory so that it can continue dispatching requests without having to load resources every time. This makes it really fast. HTTP requests are handled by a set of child processes called “web workers”. Swoole forks the contents in memory for the main process to each one of the workers, so each worker has a “copy” of the application in memory. Each worker is independent, but each one of them can only handle one request at a time, so you have to increase the number of workers if you expect a lot of concurrent traffic.
35. Mezzio and Swoole
36. Installation
37. Configuration
38. Coroutines in Middleware
39. Using Tasks in Mezzio-Swoole
44. Crontab with Swoole Inspired by https://mwop.net/blog/2022-01-21-openswoole-timer-cron.html
50. Performance https://github.com/kenashkov/swoole-performance-tests http://grigorov.website/blog/performance-comparison-php-vs-node-js https://openswoole.com/benchmark
51. Potential Issues Long Running processes exhausting web workers Avoid using sessions Ensure stateless services: impact on DIC for concurrent or subsequent requests
52. Managing State in 3rd Party Services Using Factory
56. Managing State in Doctrine Using Decoration
57. Inspired by - https://alejandrocelaya.blog/2019/11/04/how-to-properly-handle-a-doctrine-entity-manager-on-an-expressive-application-served-with-swoole/
62. Resources • https://docs.mezzio.dev/mezzio/ • https://docs.mezzio.dev/mezzio-swoole/ • https://github.com/deminy/swoole-by-examples • https://github.com/swoole/docker-swoole • https://github.com/swoole/awesome-swoole
63. Thanks for listening