retirement community for Roman soldiers • Imperial Cult Worship and Polytheism is huge • Planted with a rag-tag group of women and men(Acts 16.13; Acts 16.28; Acts 16.40) • Suffering (Acts 16.22-24, Phil 1.30; 1 Thess 2.2) • One of Paul’s favorite churches; Gave out of their poverty (Phil 4.15; 16; 2 Cor 11.8-9; 2 Cor 8.1-7) BIBLICAL STUDY
from Rome, but this could be unlikely. • Other suggestions include Caesarea and Corinth • Ephesus answers a lot of questions; Would mean that the book is written shortly after Galatians and 1 Corinthians, helping make sense of Paul’s abrupt change in Phil 3 • A thank you note for their gifts and a commendation of Epaphroditus, deserving of a hero’s welcome (2.29) • A stark lack of unity amongst the church, tarnishing their witness (2.14-16) and making them unable to withstand persecution (1.27). Humility like Christ is the answer (2.5-11) BIBLICAL STUDY
real situation and we only have so many details. • Thus we tend to let our imaginations go beyond the text • But we can still get important lesson. • But often we get these lessons at the cost of the literary and historical context. We take a few sentences here and there and that’s it. BIBLICAL STUDY
Christian unity, but not at the expense of the Gospel message. Paul explains unity from Christ’s perspective and examples it in himself, Timothy and Epaphroditus • A great perspective on suffering and joy • It begins and ends with God’s grace (1.2, 4.23), but this does not mean we lack responsibility in obedience(1.10, 2.12, 4.19) • It says a lot about how to interact with culture, understanding both its innate evil (2.15), but to take to heart that which is good (4.8) BIBLICAL STUDY
of the biblical text.” – Gordon Fee, NT Exegesis • Not: “Why do we want Jesus to exit?” Eisegesis • The lack of investigating a text that leads to reading a meaning into a text that is not there. • Not: “I’s a Jesus” BUILDING BLOCKS
text? Cultural – What are the customs, practices, and institutions of the people involved in the text? Literary – How is the text arranged? What kind of text is it Redemptive – Where is this text’s place in God’s Grand Story? BUILDING BLOCKS
could have meant to its author or his or her readers. 2. “Whenever we share comparable particulars (i.e., similar specific life situations) with the first-century hearers, God’s Word to us is the same as his Word to them.” Gordon Fee and Douglas Stuart, How to Read the Bible For all Its Worth BUILDING BLOCKS
Paragraph: 2.5-11 Phrase: “who, though he was in the form of God, did not count equality with God a thing to be grasped, but made himself nothing, taking the form of a servant, being born in the likeness of men.” Word: “made himself nothing” or kenosis BUILDING BLOCKS
themes through the diverse sections of the Bible (such as the wisdom writings or the Epistles of Paul) and then with seeking the unifying themes that draw the Bible together.” Grant Osborne, Hermeneutical Spiral, 263 BUILDING BLOCKS
and practice of Biblical texts. It provides two kinds of checkpoints: 1. Prevention of going outside acceptable doctrine 2. Awareness of importing a theological system onto the text – whether your own or one from history BUILDING BLOCKS
certain theological community (Methodist, Reformed or evangelical, liberal) by which a particular issue is traced through scripture and through church history to come to a present contextualization of a doctrine. Ecclesiology Hamartiology Eschatology Soteriology Christology Pneumatology Missiology Moral Theology Antrhopology Spirituality Revelation Theology Proper Theodicy Sacramental Theology BUILDING BLOCKS
their: #Cultural Setting # Word Choice # Message BIBLICAL THEOLOGY #Notes the development of these ideas in the progression of God’s revelation and considers underlying larger truths behind the individual expressions SYSTEMATIC THEOLOGY #Puts together the various aspects of these truths into the larger whole of dogma Controls Interpretations of the Text Shows the development throughout history Becomes a control of dogmatic conclusions of theology H I S T O R I C A L T H E O L O G Y
i. A Prayer of Thanks (1:3-8) ii. A Prayer of Intercession (1:9-11) II. The Significance of Paul’s Circumstances (1:12-26) 1. The Gospel Progresses Through Paul’s Imprisonment (1:12-18a) 2. Christ Is Exalted Through Paul’s Life or Death (1:18b-26) III. The Challenge of the Philippians’ Circumstances (1:27-4:9) 1. Standing United (1:27-2:18) i. Standing United Against Opposition from Outside (1:27-30) ii. Standing United Against Division from Within (2:1-4) iii. Standing United by Following Christ’s Example (2:5-11) iv. Working Out Salvation by Standing United (2:12-18) 2. Two Examples of Christian Unity (2:19-30) I. Timothy (2:19-24) II. Epaphroditus (2:25-30) 3. A Warning Against Theological Error (3:1-4:1) I. A Seam in the Letter’s Argument (3:1) II. A Warning Against Judaizers (3:2-11) III. A Warning Against Perfectionists (3:12-4:1) 4. Concluding Admonitions (4:2-9) I. A Plea for Unity to Two Coworkers (4:2-3) II. A Brief Set of Admonitions (4:4-9) IV. Conclusion (4:10-23) 1. An Expression of Gratitude (4:10-20) 2. Closing Greetings and Benediction (4:21-23)
Rhetorical Question: A question used to make a declaration Desire: Expression of a wish or hope Exclamation: And assertion with additional force OBSERVING THE TEXT
Advisement or encouragement against an action Promise: A statement concerning outcome of an action Problem/Resolution: The stating of a problem as well at its resolution Entreaty: A request made to a superior OBSERVING THE TEXT
through words that connect ideas. Sometimes these words and phrases can modify: SUBJECT & OBJECT: Who caused it to occur? Who receives the occurrence? TIME: When did it occur? Simultaneous, Sequence, Progression OBSERVING THE TEXT
Source, Separation ADVERBIAL: How did it occur? Measure, Circumstance, Cause, Result, Purpose, Means, Manner, Agency, Reference, Advantage or Disadvantage, Association, Relationship, Possession OBSERVING THE TEXT
Concession, Contrast, Comparison CLARIFICATION: Why did it occur? Restatement, Description, Identification, Illustration, Apposition, Explanation, Alternative, Question & Answer FORM: What is the structure of the phrases? Introduction, Conclusion, List, Series, Parallels, Pivot Points OBSERVING THE TEXT
sentence that makes an observation of the text “The mind amongst the Philippians is to be the same as Christ Jesus.” (Phil 2.5) “Paul highlights the type of death Jesus died as one that was on a cross.” (Phil 2.8) OBSERVING THE TEXT
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