Graduate SMA Slides 10/31/24 Session-Sutter IHH Dr. Akilesh Palanisamy

Graduate SMA Slides 10/31/24 Session-Sutter IHH Dr. Akilesh Palanisamy

Transcript

1. The Importance of Bifidobacteria in Gut & Systemic Health Akil Palanisamy, MD Group Visits
2. 01 02 03 04 French pediatrician Henry Tissier discovered bifidobacterium in 1899 Bifidobacterium is named after 'bifid,' referring to being divided into two parts Normal levels are between 1 to 5% of the gut microbiota Over 250 subtypes of bifidobacteria have been identified Introduction
3. Early Colonization • Bifidobacteria are one of the first species to colonize the gut • Levels can reach >90% in breastfed infants through vaginal childbirth and breast milk • Levels decline over the first 3 years of life • Adult level is around up to 5% of the microbiota
4. Common strains found in the gut – Bifidobacterium bifidum – Bifidobacterium longum – Bifidobacterium breve – Bifidobacterium infantis – Bifidobacterium adolescentis – Bifidobacterium animalis
5. 01 02 03 04 05 Synthesize B vitamins and antioxidants Educate and train the immune system, positively impact the gut associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) Support healthy gut barrier function Protect against pathogens Benefits of Bifidobacteria Produce short chain fatty acids (acetate and lactate) which help boost absorption of calcium and zinc Reduce inflammation and help optimize digestion
6. Ties to Autoimmunity • Decreased levels found in autoimmune diseases, obesity, diabetes, asthma, autism, and skin disorders • Autoimmune hepatitis and celiac disease show decreased bifidobacteria levels • Implications for the microbiota in autoimmune conditions, for example help to control inflammation in ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease
7. Reduce inflammation in type 1 diabetes, celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis, and psoriasis Role in the gut-brain axis Therapeutic Uses Potential impact on depression and anxiety
8. •Bananas •High in fiber and prebiotics like inulin, which feed good bacteria. •Oats •Contain beta-glucan and prebiotic fibers that promote gut health. •Garlic •Rich in inulin and fructooligosaccharides, prebiotics that nourish gut bacteria. •Onions •Contains prebiotics like inulin and fructans, supporting healthy gut flora. 10 prebiotic foods that can feed bifidobacteria •Asparagus •High in inulin, providing a food source for beneficial gut bacteria. •Apples •Contains pectin, a type of prebiotic fiber. •Chicory Root •One of the richest sources of inulin, beneficial for gut health. •Cocoa Powder •High in polyphenols, which feed beneficial gut bacteria and support a healthy microbiome. •Berries •Rich in polyphenols, which support the growth of bifidobacteria and multiple other beneficial gut bacteria. •Jerusalem Artichokes •High in inulin and other prebiotics that support good gut bacteria.
9. Fermented foods Certain foods contain bifidobacteria: – Yogurt – Often contains Bifidobacterium animalis – Kefir – Fermented milk with Bifidobacterium bifidum – Sauerkraut – May contain Bifidobacterium longum – Kimchi – Bifidobacteria can develop during fermentation – Some cheeses – Port du salut, gouda
10. Bifidobacteria Summary • Bifidobacteria crucial for the health of the whole ecosystem – foundational keystone species • Crossfeeding with other good bacteria in the microbiome • Questions?