bitcoinトランザクション総復習 #blockchainkyoto

bitcoinτϥϯβΫγϣϯ ૯෮श 18/04/25 Blockchainษڧձ in Kyoto #02

ࣗݾ঺հ ໊લɿ:VTVLF&HBNJ !FHBQPPM ঢ়ଶɿདྷͨΔ΂͘Ծ૝௨՟࣌୅ͰҰܸ౰ͯΔͨΊʹԾ૝௨՟ےΛ஁͍͑ͯΔ झຯɿΏΔΩϟϯ˚ ຊ౰ʹݴ͍͍ͨ͜ͱɿԾ૝௨՟ؔ࿈ۀ຿ͷ͓࢓ࣄ͋ͬͨΒԼ͍͞ʂʂʂ

ຊεϥΠυͰ͸.BTUFSJOH#JUDPJOͷୈ̑ষ૬౰ͷ τϥϯβΫγϣϯͷ஌ࣝʹ͍ͭͯ·ͱΊ͍ͯ·͢

τϥϯβΫγϣϯͱ͸ bitcoinͷૹۚͷ಺༰Λදݱͨ͠΋ͷ #5$ ΞϦε Ϙϒ

ϏοτίΠϯωοτϫʔΫ ΢ΥϨοτ τϥϯβΫγϣϯ ϚΠφʔ ʢϊʔυʣ ϒϩοΫνΣʔϯ ϒϩοΫʹ τϥϯβΫγϣϯΛ ٧Ί͍ͯ͘

#5$ #5$ #5$ */165 065165 #5$ #5$ ߹ܭɹ#5$ ߹ܭɹ#5$ ࠩ෼ɹ#5$ʢख਺ྉʣ
w ̍ͭ·ͨ͸ෳ਺ͷ*/165ͱ̍ͭ·ͨ͸ෳ਺ͷ065165͔Β੒Δ w */165065165ख਺ྉͱͳΔ w τϥϯβΫγϣϯͷதʹख਺ྉΛ໌͍ࣔͯ͠ΔՕॴ͸ͳ͍ τϥϯβΫγϣϯͷ֓ཁ

τϥϯβΫγϣϯͷ֓ཁ w JOQVUͱPVUQVUͷ૊Ͱߏ੒ w JOQVU͸ৗʹผͷτϥϯβΫγϣϯͷPVUQVU 6590 Λࢀর 5Y JOQVU PVUQVU
PVUQVU 5Y JOQVU PVUQVU PVUQVU JOQVU JOQVU 5Y JOQVU PVUQVU PVUQVU JOQVU 6590 6590 6590 6590 6590ʢະ࢖༻τϥϯβΫγϣϯΞ΢τϓοτʣͱ͸ τϥϯβΫγϣϯΞ΢τϓοτͷ͏ͪɺ·ͩΠϯϓοτͱͯ͠࢖༻͞Ε͍ͯͳ͍΋ͷ

τϥϯβΫγϣϯͷ֓ཁ JOQVU PVUQVU <>Ϙϒʹ#5$ 5Y˛ग़ྗ ΞϦε JOQVU PVUQVU <>Ωϟϩϧʹ#5$ Ϙϒ
JOQVU PVUQVU <>Ϙϒʹ#5$ φϯγʔ <>δϣϯʹ#5$ 5Y 5Y 5Y 5Yग़ྗ<> 5Yग़ྗ<> ߹ܭ#5$ ߹ܭ#5$ 5Y˔ग़ྗ τϥϯβΫγϣϯͷΠϯϓοτ͸ 6590΁ͷϙΠϯλͦͷ΋ͷ w JOQVUͱPVUQVUͷ૊Ͱߏ੒ w JOQVU͸ৗʹผͷτϥϯβΫγϣϯͷPVUQVU 6590 Λࢀর

τϥϯβΫγϣϯͷ֓ཁ - ͦͷଞ w τϥϯβΫγϣϯ͸શһ͕ݟΕΔܗͰCJUDPJOωοτϫʔΫʹެ։ʢʹϒϩʔυΩϟε τʣ͞ΕΔ w CJUDPJOͰ͸τϥϯβΫγϣϯʢ୭͕୭ʹ͍͘Βૹ͔ͬͨʣͷΈΛϒϩοΫνΣʔϯʹ อଘ w
ࠓ୭͕͍͘Β΋͍ͬͯΔ͔ͷ࢒ߴσʔλ͸ͳ͍ w ࢒ߴΛܭࢉ͢Δʹ͸શͯͷ6590Λूܭ͢Δ

ίΠϯϕʔετϥϯβΫγϣϯ ϚΠφʔ͕ϚΠχϯάʹ੒ޭͨ͠ࡍʹࣗ෼΁ͷใुͱͯ͠ϒϩοΫʹຒΊ ࠐΉτϥϯβΫγϣϯɻ ྫ֎తʹ͜ͷτϥϯβΫγϣϯͷΈΠϯϓοτ͸Կ΋ࢦࣔ͠͞ͳ͍ɻ ແ͔ΒΞ΢τϓοτΛੜ੒ ɹʹ BTCͷ৽نൃߦ ϩοΫλΠϜ͕͔͚ΒΕ͍ͯΔ

τϥϯβΫγϣϯͷߏ੒ -PDLUJNF ʙ ͷ৔߹͸ϒϩοΫߴΛද͢ ͦΕҎ্ͷͱ͖͸VOJYUJNFTUBNQͱΈͳͯ͜͠ͷ࣌ࠁҎલ͸5Y͕༗ޮͰͳ͔ͬͨ͜ͱΛࣔ͢

OUTPUT ˞ޙड़

INPUT ˞ޙड़

bitcoin script w τϥϯβΫγϣϯͰ༻͍ΒΕΔεΫϦϓτݴޠ w ελοΫͱݺ͹ΕΔσʔλߏ଄ w νϡʔϦϯάෆ׬શੑ w ϧʔϓ΍෼ذ͕ͳ͍
w ෳࡶͳ͜ͱΛग़དྷͳ͘͢Δ͜ͱͰCJUDPJOωοτϫʔΫʹର͢ Δ߈ܸΛ੍ݶ͢Δ w εςʔτϨε w ঢ়ଶΛ࣋ͨͳ͍ͷͰͲΜͳγεςϜͰ΋ಉ͡ϓϩηεɺݕূ ݁ՌͱͳΔ

bitcoin script Locking Script ͱ Unlocking Script w -PDLJOH4DSJQU͸τϥϯβΫγϣϯΞ΢τϓοτʹؚ·ΕΔɺͦͷΞ΢τϓο τͷ࢖༻৚݅ͷTDSJQU
w 6OMPDLJOH4DSJQU͸τϥϯβΫγϣϯΠϯϓοτʹؚ·ΕΔɺΞ΢τϓο τͷMPDLΛຬͨ͢TDSJQU w -PDLJOH4DSJQUͱ6OMPDLJOH4DSJQU͸ͭܨ͛ͯҰͭͷϓϩάϥϜʹͳΔ w ϊʔυ͕ϓϩάϥϜΛCJUDPJOTDSJQUͱ࣮ͯ͠ߦͯ͠ਖ਼͍͔͠ݕূ w ਖ਼͍͠ͱ͸εΫϦϓτͷ࣮ߦ݁Ռ͕536&Ͱ͋Δ͜ͱ -PDLJOH4DSJQU 6OMPDLJOH4DSJQU 0, ϊʔυ ݕূ /(

bitcoin script جຊతͳελοΫͷಈ͖Λ֬ೝͯ͠ΈΔ .BTUFSJOH#JUDPJO IUUQTCJUDPJOCPPLJOGPXQDPOUFOUUSBOTMBUJPOTKBCPPLQEG ϖʔδ໨ΛݟͯҎԼͷTDSJQUͷڍಈΛ͔֬ΊͯΈ·͠ΐ͏ 01@"%%01@&26"- ؆୯ͳTDSJQUͷྫ TDSJQUͷ࢓༷ˠIUUQTFOCJUDPJOJUXJLJ4DSJQU 01@"%%01@&26"-
6OMPDLJOH4DSJQU -PDLJOH4DSJQU

P2PKH (Pay-to-Public-Key-Hash) w 01@)"4)ɿ5IFJOQVUJTIBTIFEUXJDFpSTUXJUI4)"BOEUIFOXJUI3*1&.% w 01@&26"-7&3*':ɿ4BNFBT01@&26"- CVUSVOT01@7&3*':BGUFSXBSE w 01@7&3*':ɿ.BSLTUSBOTBDUJPOBTJOWBMJEJGUPQTUBDLWBMVFJTOPUUSVF5IFUPQTUBDLWBMVFJT SFNPWFE
w 01@$)&$,4*(ɿ5IFFOUJSFUSBOTBDUJPOTPVUQVUT JOQVUT BOETDSJQU GSPNUIFNPTUSFDFOUMZ FYFDVUFE01@$0%&4&1"3"503UPUIFFOE BSFIBTIFE5IFTJHOBUVSFVTFECZ01@$)&$,4*( NVTUCFBWBMJETJHOBUVSFGPSUIJTIBTIBOEQVCMJDLFZ*GJUJT JTSFUVSOFE PUIFSXJTF IUUQTCJUDPJOCPPLJOGPXQDPOUFOUUSBOTMBUJPOTKBCPPLQEGϖʔδʹελοΫͷڍಈͷਤ 1VCMJD,FZ)BTI͸CJUDPJOΞυϨε͔Β#FTFEFDPEFͯ͠ಘΒΕΔ τϥϯβΫγϣϯશମΛϋογϡͨ͠΋ͷ΁ͷॺ໊ CJUDPJOϊʔυͰ࣮ߦ͞ΕΔ

P2PKH (Pay-to-Public-Key-Hash) 01@)"4) ൿີ伴ɹˠɹެ։伴ɹˠɹެ։伴ϋογϡɹˠɹCJUDPJOΞυϨε μϒϧϋογϡ #BTF&ODPEF

Ϛϧνγάωνϟ Ϣʔεέʔε w /ݸͷެ։伴ͱ.ݸͷॺ໊͕ೖ͍ͬͯΔTDSJQU w .PG/ͱදݱ w /͸Ωʔͷ૯਺ɺ.͸ඞཁͳॺ໊ͷ਺Ͱ͢ w ྫ͑͹PGͳΒݸͷެ։伴ʹରͯ͠ݸͷॺ໊Λ༻͍ͳ͍ͱ͍͚·ͤΜ
w ෳ਺ਓͰ؅ཧ͢ΔΞυϨεͰҰఆ਺Ҏ্ͷڐՄ͕ͳ͍ͱಈ͔ͤͳ͍ΞυϨε w ඞཁͳΩʔΛ૿΍͢͜ͱͰ࿙Ӯʹର͢Δ଱ੑΛ͚ͭΔ w $ࣾͷ/&.ࣄ݅ͰϚϧνγάϚϧνγά࿈ݺ͞Εͯ·ͨ͠Ͷ w ݸਓͰPG/ͷΞυϨεΛ؅ཧ͢ΔͱҰͭΩʔΛͳͯ͘͠΋όοΫΞοϓͱͯ͠ಇ͘

Ϛϧνγάωνϟ PGͷTDSJQUͷྫ 1VCMJD,FZ"1VCMJD,FZ#1VCMJD,FZ$01@$)&$,.6-5*4*( 01@4JHOBUVSF#4JHOBUVSF$ 01@4JHOBUVSF#4JHOBUVSF$ 1VCMJD,FZ"1VCMJD,FZ#1VCMJD,FZ$01@$)&$,.6-5*4*( ඞཁͳൿີ伴ͷ਺ 01@$)&$,.6-5*4*(ɿ࠷ॳͷॺ໊ͱ&$%4"ͷҰக͕ݟ͔ͭΔ·Ͱ֤ެ։伴Λൺֱ͠·͢ɻ࣍ͷެ։伴Ͱ࢝·Γɺ &$%4"ͷҰக͕ݟ͔ͭΔ·Ͱɺ࢒Γͷެ։伴ͱ൪໨ͷॺ໊Λൺֱ͠·͢ɻ͜ͷϓϩηε͸ɺ͢΂ͯͷॺ໊͕νΣοΫ ͞ΕΔ͔ɺ੒ޭͨ݁͠ՌΛग़͢ͷʹे෼ͳެ։伴͕࢒Βͳ͘ͳΔ·Ͱ܁Γฦ͞Ε·͢ɻ͢΂ͯͷॺ໊͸ެ։伴ͱҰக͢
Δඞཁ͕͋Γ·͢ɻެ։伴͸ॺ໊ൺֱʹࣦഊͨ͠৔߹ʹ࠶౓νΣοΫ͞Εͳ͍ͨΊɺରԠ͢Δެ։伴͕TDSJQU1VC,FZ· ͨ͸SFEFFN4DSJQUʹஔ͔Εͨͷͱಉ͡ॱংͰTDSJQU4JHʹॺ໊Λ഑ஔ͢Δඞཁ͕͋Γ·͢ɻ͢΂ͯͷॺ໊͕༗ޮͳ৔߹ ͸͕ฦ͞ΕɺͦΕҎ֎ͷ৔߹͸͕ฦ͞Ε·͢ɻόάͷͨΊʹɺͭͷ༨෼ͳະ࢖༻஋͕ελοΫ͔Β࡟আ͞Ε·͢ɻ ʢ(PPHMF຋༁ΑΓʣ

P2SH (Pay-to-Script-Hash) ෳࡶͳτϥϯβΫγϣϯTDSJQUΛ͸Δ͔ʹ؆୯Խͨ͠৽͍͠छྨͷτϥϯβΫγϣϯ w 14)͸MPDLJOHTDSJQUʹεΫϦϓτͷϋογϡΛઃஔ͢Δ͜ͱͰ࣮ݱ w SFEFFNTDSJQUΛVOMPDLJOHTDSJQUͰఏࣔ͢Δ͜ͱͰࢿۚΛΞϯϩοΫ w SFEFFNTDSJQUϋογϡΛ#BTFΤϯίʔυͯ͠ΞυϨεͱͯ͠࢖༻Մೳ w
Τϯίʔυ࣌ʹϓϨϑΟοΫεΛ͚ͭΔˠΞυϨεͷઌ಄͕ʹͳΔ 14)ΞυϨεΛ#BTFEFDPEFͯ͠ಘΔ

P2SH (Pay-to-Script-Hash) ϊʔυʹΑΔݕূ͸ஈ֊ ஈ֊໨ SFEEFNTDSJQUͱMPDLJOHTDSJQUΛܨ͛ͨεΫϦϓτ͕ݕূ͞Ε·͢ SFEFFNTDSJQU MPDLJOHTDSJQU ɹSFEFFNTDSJQU 01@)"4)SFEFFNTDSJQUIBTI01@&26"- ஈ֊໨
ஈ໨ͷݕূ͕໰୊ͳ͚Ε͹VOMPDLJOHTDSJQUΛݕূ͠·͢ 01@4JHOBUVSF"4JHOBUVSF#SFEFFNTDSJQU

P2SH (Pay-to-Script-Hash) w ΑΓ୹͍ϑΟϯΨʔϓϦϯτͰෳࡶͳTDSJQUΛஔ͖׵͑Δ͜ͱͰɺτϥϯβΫγϣϯͷσʔλαΠζΛ খ͘͢͞Δ w TDSJQU͕ΞυϨεͱ࣮ͯ͠૷͞ΕΔ͜ͱͰɺૹΓओͱૹΓओͷ΢ΥϨοτ͸14)ʹؔ͢Δෳࡶͳ࣮૷ Λ͢Δඞཁ͕ͳ͍ w 14)͸ɺTDSJQUΛߏ੒͢Δෛ୲ΛૹΓखͰ͸ͳ͘ड͚खଆʹҠ͍ͯ͠Δ
w 14)͸ɺΞ΢τϓοτ͕࣋ͭ௕͍TDSJQU ͜Ε͸6590ηοτʹؚ·ΕΔͨΊϝϞϦΛѹഭ͢Δ ΛΠϯ ϓοτଆ ϒϩοΫνΣʔϯ্ʹͷΈอଘ͞ΕΔ ʹҠ͢͜ͱͰσʔλετϨʔδͷෛ୲ΛΠϯϓοτଆ ʹҠ͍ͯ͠Δ w 14)͸ɺࢧ෷͍࣌఺ʹੜ͡Δ௕͍TDSJQUΛࢿ͕ۚ࢖ΘΕΔ࣌఺Ͱੜ͡ΔΑ͏ʹ͢Δ͜ͱͰɺσʔλε τϨʔδͷෛ୲͕ੜ͡Δ࣌ࠁΛະདྷʹҠ͍ͯ͠Δ w 14)͸ɺૹΓख͕௕͍TDSJQUΛ൐ͬͯࢿۚΛૹΔͱ͖ʹෛ୲͢ΔτϥϯβΫγϣϯख਺ྉΛɺड͚ख ͕SFEFFNTDSJQUΛ࢖ͬͯࢿۚΛ࢖͏ͱ͖ʹෛ୲͢ΔΑ͏ʹมߋ͍ͯ͠Δ 14)͸MPDLJOHTDSJQUΛෳࡶͳ··௚઀ѻ͏͜ͱʹൺ΂ͯҎԼͷར఺͕͋Γ·͢ɻ

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bitcoinトランザクション総復習 #blockchainkyoto

bitcoinトランザクション総復習 #blockchainkyoto

Yusuke Egami

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bitcoinτϥϯβΫγϣϯ ૯෮श 18/04/25 Blockchainษڧձ in Kyoto #02

ࣗݾ঺հ ໊લɿ:VTVLF&HBNJ !FHBQPPM ঢ়ଶɿདྷͨΔ΂͘Ծ૝௨՟࣌୅ͰҰܸ౰ͯΔͨΊʹԾ૝௨՟ےΛ஁͍͑ͯΔ झຯɿΏΔΩϟϯ˚ ຊ౰ʹݴ͍͍ͨ͜ͱɿԾ૝௨՟ؔ࿈ۀ຿ͷ͓࢓ࣄ͋ͬͨΒԼ͍͞ʂʂʂ

ຊεϥΠυͰ͸.BTUFSJOH#JUDPJOͷୈ̑ষ૬౰ͷ τϥϯβΫγϣϯͷ஌ࣝʹ͍ͭͯ·ͱΊ͍ͯ·͢

τϥϯβΫγϣϯͱ͸ bitcoinͷૹۚͷ಺༰Λදݱͨ͠΋ͷ #5$ ΞϦε Ϙϒ

ϏοτίΠϯωοτϫʔΫ ΢ΥϨοτ τϥϯβΫγϣϯ ϚΠφʔ ʢϊʔυʣ ϒϩοΫνΣʔϯ ϒϩοΫʹ τϥϯβΫγϣϯΛ ٧Ί͍ͯ͘

#5$ #5$ #5$ */165 065165 #5$ #5$ ߹ܭɹ#5$ ߹ܭɹ#5$ ࠩ෼ɹ#5$ʢख਺ྉʣ

τϥϯβΫγϣϯͷ֓ཁ w JOQVUͱPVUQVUͷ૊Ͱߏ੒ w JOQVU͸ৗʹผͷτϥϯβΫγϣϯͷPVUQVU 6590 Λࢀর 5Y JOQVU PVUQVU

τϥϯβΫγϣϯͷ֓ཁ JOQVU PVUQVU <>Ϙϒʹ#5$ 5Y˛ग़ྗ ΞϦε JOQVU PVUQVU <>Ωϟϩϧʹ#5$ Ϙϒ

τϥϯβΫγϣϯͷ֓ཁ - ͦͷଞ w τϥϯβΫγϣϯ͸શһ͕ݟΕΔܗͰCJUDPJOωοτϫʔΫʹެ։ʢʹϒϩʔυΩϟε τʣ͞ΕΔ w CJUDPJOͰ͸τϥϯβΫγϣϯʢ୭͕୭ʹ͍͘Βૹ͔ͬͨʣͷΈΛϒϩοΫνΣʔϯʹ อଘ w

ίΠϯϕʔετϥϯβΫγϣϯ ϚΠφʔ͕ϚΠχϯάʹ੒ޭͨ͠ࡍʹࣗ෼΁ͷใुͱͯ͠ϒϩοΫʹຒΊ ࠐΉτϥϯβΫγϣϯɻ ྫ֎తʹ͜ͷτϥϯβΫγϣϯͷΈΠϯϓοτ͸Կ΋ࢦࣔ͠͞ͳ͍ɻ ແ͔ΒΞ΢τϓοτΛੜ੒ ɹʹ BTCͷ৽نൃߦ ϩοΫλΠϜ͕͔͚ΒΕ͍ͯΔ

τϥϯβΫγϣϯͷߏ੒ -PDLUJNF ʙ ͷ৔߹͸ϒϩοΫߴΛද͢ ͦΕҎ্ͷͱ͖͸VOJYUJNFTUBNQͱΈͳͯ͜͠ͷ࣌ࠁҎલ͸5Y͕༗ޮͰͳ͔ͬͨ͜ͱΛࣔ͢

OUTPUT ˞ޙड़

INPUT ˞ޙड़

bitcoin script w τϥϯβΫγϣϯͰ༻͍ΒΕΔεΫϦϓτݴޠ w ελοΫͱݺ͹ΕΔσʔλߏ଄ w νϡʔϦϯάෆ׬શੑ w ϧʔϓ΍෼ذ͕ͳ͍

bitcoin script Locking Script ͱ Unlocking Script w -PDLJOH4DSJQU͸τϥϯβΫγϣϯΞ΢τϓοτʹؚ·ΕΔɺͦͷΞ΢τϓο τͷ࢖༻৚݅ͷTDSJQU

bitcoin script جຊతͳελοΫͷಈ͖Λ֬ೝͯ͠ΈΔ .BTUFSJOH#JUDPJO IUUQTCJUDPJOCPPLJOGPXQDPOUFOUUSBOTMBUJPOTKBCPPLQEG ϖʔδ໨ΛݟͯҎԼͷTDSJQUͷڍಈΛ͔֬ΊͯΈ·͠ΐ͏ 01@"%%01@&26"- ؆୯ͳTDSJQUͷྫ TDSJQUͷ࢓༷ˠIUUQTFOCJUDPJOJUXJLJ4DSJQU 01@"%%01@&26"-

P2PKH (Pay-to-Public-Key-Hash) w 01@)"4)ɿ5IFJOQVUJTIBTIFEUXJDFpSTUXJUI4)"BOEUIFOXJUI31&.% w 01@&26"-7&3':ɿ4BNFBT01@&26"- CVUSVOT01@7&3':BGUFSXBSE w 01@7&3':ɿ.BSLTUSBOTBDUJPOBTJOWBMJEJGUPQTUBDLWBMVFJTOPUUSVF5IFUPQTUBDLWBMVFJT SFNPWFE

P2PKH (Pay-to-Public-Key-Hash) 01@)"4) ൿີ伴ɹˠɹެ։伴ɹˠɹެ։伴ϋογϡɹˠɹCJUDPJOΞυϨε μϒϧϋογϡ #BTF&ODPEF

Ϛϧνγάωνϟ Ϣʔεέʔε w /ݸͷެ։伴ͱ.ݸͷॺ໊͕ೖ͍ͬͯΔTDSJQU w .PG/ͱදݱ w /͸Ωʔͷ૯਺ɺ.͸ඞཁͳॺ໊ͷ਺Ͱ͢ w ྫ͑͹PGͳΒݸͷެ։伴ʹରͯ͠ݸͷॺ໊Λ༻͍ͳ͍ͱ͍͚·ͤΜ

P2SH (Pay-to-Script-Hash) ϊʔυʹΑΔݕূ͸ஈ֊ ஈ֊໨ SFEEFNTDSJQUͱMPDLJOHTDSJQUΛܨ͛ͨεΫϦϓτ͕ݕূ͞Ε·͢ SFEFFNTDSJQU MPDLJOHTDSJQU ɹSFEFFNTDSJQU 01@)"4)SFEFFNTDSJQUIBTI01@&26"- ஈ֊໨

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