MasteringBitcoin 第５章トランザクション

ビットコインとか勉強会#29 (2019/04/22) で発表した内容です。
https://cryptocurrency.connpass.com/event/126164/

Transcript

1. ʮMastering BitcoinΛಡΉʯ ୈ5ষ τϥϯβΫγϣϯ 2019/04/22(݄) ϏοτίΠϯͱ͔ษڧձ#29
2. ໊લɿዳ্༟հ
   UXJUUFSɿ!FHBQPPM
   ॴଐɿגࣜձࣾ"FSJBM
   1BSUOFST
   ࢓ࣄɿιϑτ΢ΣΞΤϯδχΞ
   ໌೔"*46.ͱ͍͏ΠϕϯτͰ΋ϓϨθϯ͠·͢
   https://aisum.jp/ja/sessions/recUeB9WQXFNuRPYT/ ࣗݾ঺հ
3. τϥϯβΫγϣϯͱ͸ w CJUDPJOͷૹۚͷ಺༰Λදݱͨ͠΋ͷ
   w ୭Ͱ΋த਎Λ֬ೝ͢Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ
   w σʔλͷอଘ৔ॴͱͯ͠΋࢖͑Δ
4. τϥϯβΫγϣϯͷ֓ཁ ◆ྲྀΕɹɹ૊੒ɹɹɹɹɹ⇛ɹ֬ೝ ⇛　伝搬　　　　 ⇛　記録 ◆৔ॴɹɹ[΢ΥϨοτ]ɹ ⇛　[ϊʔυ]ɹ⇛ɹ[bitcoinωοτϫʔΫ]ɹ ⇛　[ϒϩοΫνΣʔϯ] ૊੒ɾɾɾૹۚͷ࣮ߦ಺༰ͱॺ໊ ֬ೝɾɾɾτϥϯβΫγϣϯ͕༗ޮͳ΋ͷ͔Ͳ͏͔νΣοΫ ఻ൖɾɾɾϊʔυ/ϚΠφʔ͕ଞͷϊʔυʹ఻ୡ ه࿥ɾɾɾϚΠφʔʹΑΓϒϩοΫʹ٧ΊΒΕΔ τϥϯβΫγϣϯͷϥΠϑαΠΫϧ
5. ϚΠφʔ ϒϩοΫ ʢϊʔυʣ ϚΠφʔ ʢϊʔυʣ ϚΠφʔ ʢϊʔυʣ ϚΠφʔ ʢϊʔυʣ ϒϩοΫ 5Y 5Y 5Y τϥϯβΫγϣϯͷ֓ཁ ΢ΥϨοτ 5Y ΢ΥϨοτ ΢ΥϨοτ 5Y 5Y τϥϯβΫγϣϯͷϥΠϑαΠΫϧ ૊੒ ఻ൖ ֬ೝ ϒϩοΫʹ
   τϥϯβΫγϣϯΛ
   ٧Ί͍ͯ͘ ه࿥
   
   5YͷϥΠϑαΠΫϧ ϒϩʔυΩϟετ ϒϩʔυΩϟετ ϒϩʔυΩϟετ ϒϩοΫ 5Y
6. 
   #5$ 
   #5$ 
   #5$ */165 065165 
   #5$ 
   #5$ ߹ܭɹ
   #5$ ߹ܭɹ
   #5$ ࠩ෼ɹ
   #5$
   ʢख਺ྉʣ w ̍ͭҎ্ͷ*/165ͱ̍ͭҎ্ͷ065165͔Β੒Δ
   w */165
   
   065165
   
   ख਺ྉ
   ͱͳΔ
   w τϥϯβΫγϣϯͷதʹख਺ྉΛ໌͍ࣔͯ͠ΔՕॴ͸ͳ͍ τϥϯβΫγϣϯͷ֓ཁ
7. τϥϯβΫγϣϯͷ֓ཁ w JOQVUͱPVUQVUͷ૊Ͱߏ੒
   w JOQVU͸ৗʹผͷτϥϯβΫγϣϯͷPVUQVU 6590 Λࢀর 5Y
    JOQVU PVUQVU PVUQVU 5Y
    JOQVU PVUQVU PVUQVU JOQVU JOQVU 5Y
    JOQVU PVUQVU PVUQVU JOQVU 6590 6590 6590 6590ʢະ࢖༻τϥϯβΫγϣϯΞ΢τϓοτʣͱ͸
   τϥϯβΫγϣϯΞ΢τϓοτͷ͏ͪɺ·ͩΠϯϓοτͱͯ͠࢖༻͞Ε͍ͯͳ͍΋ͷ
8. τϥϯβΫγϣϯͷ֓ཁ JOQVU PVUQVU <>Ϙϒʹ
   #5$ 5Y˛ग़ྗ ΞϦε JOQVU PVUQVU <>Ωϟϩϧʹ
   #5$ Ϙϒ JOQVU PVUQVU <>
   Ϙϒʹ
   #5$ φϯγʔ <>
   δϣϯʹ
   #5$ 5Y 5Y 5Y 5Yग़ྗ<> 5Yग़ྗ<> ߹ܭ
   #5$ ߹ܭ
   #5$ 5Y˔ग़ྗ τϥϯβΫγϣϯͷΠϯϓοτ͸
   6590΁ͷϙΠϯλͦͷ΋ͷ w JOQVUͱPVUQVUͷ૊Ͱߏ੒
   w JOQVU͸ৗʹผͷτϥϯβΫγϣϯͷPVUQVU 6590 Λࢀর
9. τϥϯβΫγϣϯͷ֓ཁ 6590ϕʔε 6590 6590ϕʔεͱΞΧ΢ϯτϕʔεͷҧ͍ 6590 6590 6590 #5$ #5$ #5$ #5$ #5$ ΞΧ΢ϯτϕʔε ͦͷΞυϨεʹඥͮ͘աڈͷૹۚΛ͢΂ͯ߹ࢉ͢Δ ࠷৽ͷ࢒ߴ͚ͩΛอ࣋ #5$ #5$ #5$
10. ίΠϯϕʔετϥϯβΫγϣϯ ϚΠφʔ͕ϚΠχϯάʹ੒ޭͨ͠ࡍʹࣗ෼΁ͷใुͱͯ͠ϒϩοΫʹ ຒΊࠐΉτϥϯβΫγϣϯɻ ྫ֎తʹ͜ͷτϥϯβΫγϣϯͷΈΠϯϓοτ͸Կ΋ࢦࣔ͠͞ͳ͍ɻ ແ͔ΒΞ΢τϓοτΛੜ੒ ⇛ BTCͷ৽نൃߦ 100ϒϩοΫߴͷϩοΫλΠϜ͕͔͚ΒΕ͍ͯΔ
11. τϥϯβΫγϣϯͷߏ੒ -PDLUJNF
    ʙ  ͷ৔߹͸ϒϩοΫߴΛද͢
    ͦΕҎ্ͷͱ͖͸VOJYUJNFTUBNQͱΈͳͯ͜͠ͷ࣌ࠁҎલ͸5Y͕༗ޮͰͳ͔ͬͨ͜ͱΛࣔ͢ 7FSTJPO *OQVU
    $PVOU *OQVUT 0VUQVU
 $PVOU 0VUQVUT -PDLUJNF PVUQPJOU TDSJQU@TJH TFRVFODF TDSJQU@QVCLFZ WBMVF શମ૾ શମ
12. ˞ޙड़ τϥϯβΫγϣϯͷߏ੒ 065165 ࢖༻৚݅ͱྔʢTBUPDIJʣͰߏ੒
13. ˞ޙड़ τϥϯβΫγϣϯͷߏ੒ */165 6590ͱ065165ϙΠϯλɺղআ৚݅ͳͲͰߏ੒
14. τϥϯβΫγϣϯͷߏ੒ 3BX5SBOTBDUJPO
    'PSNBU https://www.blockchain.com/ja/btc/tx/812ae93698e9cc3106b58165e6bf425ae3a7be620637431c87bb544d966a167d DCF⒎DGBBDB⒎FDBBFDBCBB BB⒎EFGCEGBBBCBFDGDBEECFEC EBECCGGCBFGCCBECEECGFGFCFFBFC BGGEEGECGGGGB⒎⒎⒎⒎CFECGDBGFCE EBFEGCFBECDBCDDDCBG FCFG⒎GGEDDDFEFEGCDFFFCEFEGCCGCFGFDFDDGF BGEBCDDDDEFFFCGEBBBDEDF⒎DEDFCBFGDGE ⒎⒎⒎⒎FBCDGCGCGCFCDEBDEB BFGEEBFECBGBD https://bitcoin.org/en/developer-reference#raw-transaction-format τϥϯβΫγϣϯγϦΞϥΠθʔγϣϯϑΥʔϚοτ τϥϯβΫγϣϯ͸3BX'PSNBUͱݺ͹ΕΔγϦΞϥΠζ͞ΕͨϑΥʔϚοτͰ ωοτϫʔΫΛ఻ൖ͢Δ
    #JUDPJO
    $PSFͳͲͷ࣮૷Ͱ͸)FYͰѻΘΕΔ */165 065165ͷτϥϯβΫγϣϯͷγϦΞϥΠζ͞ΕͨIFY
15. τϥϯβΫγϣϯͷߏ੒ 3BX5SBOTBDUJPO
    'PSNBU 
    
    <
    CZUF
    7FSTJO
    >
    MJUUMFFOEJBO
    
    <
    *OQVU
    $PVOU
    >
    DCF⒎DGBBDB⒎FDBBFDBCB
    CZUF
    5Y
    )BTI MJUUMFFOEJBO
    
    CZUF
    0VUQVU
    *OEFY
    MJUUMFFOEJBO
    B
    6OMPDLJOH
    4DSJQU
    4J[F
    
    CZUF
    BB⒎EFGCEGBBBCBFDGDBEECFECEBECCG GCBFGCCBECEECGFGFCFFBFCBGGEEGEC GGGGB
    6OMPDLJOH
    4DSJQU
    ⒎⒎⒎⒎
    4FRVFODF
    /VNCFS
    CFECGDBGFCEEBFEGCFBE
    CZUF
    5Y
    )BTI MJUUMFFOEJBO
    
    CZUF
    0VUQVU
    *OEFY
    MJUUMFFOEJBO
    C
    6OMPDLJOH
    4DSJQU
    4J[F
    
    CZUF
    DBCDDDCBGFCFG⒎GGEDDDFEFEGCDFFFCE FEGCCGCFGFDFDDGFBGEBCDDDDEFFFCGEBBBDEDF⒎DEDF CBFGDGE
    6OMPDLJOH
    4DSJQU
    ⒎⒎⒎⒎
    4FRVFODF
    /VNCFS
    
    0VUQVU
    $PVOU
    F
    "NPVOU
    TBUPTIJ
    MJUUMFFOEJBO
    
    -PDLJOH
    4DSJQU
    4J[F
    
    
    BCDGCGCGCFCDEBD
    -PDLJOH
    4DSJQU
    EB
    "NPVOU
    TBUPTIJ
    MJUUMFFOEJBO
    
    -PDLJOH
    4DSJQU
    4J[F
    
    
    BFGEEBFECBGBD
    -PDLJOH
    4DSJQU
    
    -PDLUJNF
16. bitcoin script w τϥϯβΫγϣϯͰ༻͍ΒΕΔεΫϦϓτݴޠ
    w ελοΫͱݺ͹ΕΔσʔλߏ଄
    w νϡʔϦϯάෆ׬શੑ
    w ϧʔϓ΍෼ذ͕ͳ͍
    w ෳࡶͳ͜ͱΛग़དྷͳ͘͢Δ͜ͱͰCJUDPJOωοτϫʔΫʹର͢Δ߈ܸΛ ੍ݶ͢Δ
    w εςʔτϨε
    w ঢ়ଶΛ࣋ͨͳ͍ͷͰͲΜͳγεςϜͰ΋ಉ͡ϓϩηεɺݕূ݁Ռͱͳ Δ
17. bitcoin script w -PDLJOH
    4DSJQU͸τϥϯβΫγϣϯΞ΢τϓοτʹؚ·ΕΔɺͦͷΞ΢τϓο τͷ࢖༻৚݅ͷTDSJQU
    w 6OMPDLJOH
    4DSJQU͸τϥϯβΫγϣϯΠϯϓοτʹؚ·ΕΔɺΞ΢τϓο τͷMPDLΛຬͨ͢TDSJQU
    w -PDLJOH
    4DSJQUͱ6OMPDLJOH
    4DSJQU͸ͭܨ͛ͯҰͭͷϓϩάϥϜʹͳΔ
    w ϊʔυ͕ϓϩάϥϜΛCJUDPJO
    TDSJQUͱ࣮ͯ͠ߦͯ͠ਖ਼͍͔͠ݕূ
    w ਖ਼͍͠ͱ͸εΫϦϓτͷ࣮ߦ݁Ռ͕536&Ͱ͋Δ͜ͱ -PDLJOH
    4DSJQU 6OMPDLJOH
    4DSJQU 0, ϊʔυ ݕূ /( -PDLJOH
    4DSJQU
    ͱ
    6OMPDLJOH
    4DSJQU
18. bitcoin script .BTUFSJOH#JUDPJO
    IUUQTCJUDPJOCPPLJOGPXQDPOUFOUUSBOTMBUJPOTKBCPPLQEG
    ϖʔδ໨ΛݟͯҎԼͷTDSJQUͷڍಈΛ͔֬ΊͯΈ·͠ΐ͏
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    01@"%%
    
    01@&26"- ؆୯ͳTDSJQUͷྫ TDSJQUͷ࢓༷ˠ
    IUUQTFOCJUDPJOJUXJLJ4DSJQU
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    01@"%%
    
    01@&26"- 6OMPDLJOH
    4DSJQU -PDLJOH
    4DSJQU جຊతͳελοΫͷಈ͖Λ֬ೝͯ͠ΈΔ
19. bitcoin script جຊతͳελοΫͷಈ͖Λ֬ೝͯ͠ΈΔ
20. bitcoin script جຊతͳελοΫͷಈ͖Λ֬ೝͯ͠ΈΔ
21. ҎલbitFlyerͷ࠾༻ϖʔδʹscriptͷ໰୊͕͋ͬͨ 
 IUUQTUXJUUFSDPN:V[P,BOPTUBUVT 01@%61
    01@"%%
    01@
    01@&2"-7&3*':
    01@"%%
    01@
    01@&2"-7&3*':
    01@"%%
    01@
    01@&2"-7&3*':
    01@536&
22. P2PKH (Pay-to-Public-Key-Hash) w 01@)"4)ɿ5IF
    JOQVU
    JT
    IBTIFE
    UXJDF
    pSTU
    XJUI
    4)"
    BOE
    UIFO
    XJUI
    3*1&.%
    w 01@&26"-7&3*':
    ɿ4BNF
    BT
    01@&26"-
    CVU
    SVOT
    01@7&3*':
    BGUFSXBSE
    w 01@7&3*':
    ɿ.BSLT
    USBOTBDUJPO
    BT
    JOWBMJE
    JG
    UPQ
    TUBDL
    WBMVF
    JT
    OPU
    USVF
    5IF
    UPQ
    TUBDL
    WBMVF
    JT
    SFNPWFE
    w 01@$)&$,4*(ɿ5IF
    FOUJSF
    USBOTBDUJPOT
    PVUQVUT
    JOQVUT
    BOE
    TDSJQU
    GSPN
    UIF
    NPTU
    SFDFOUMZ FYFDVUFE
    01@$0%&4&1"3"503
    UP
    UIF
    FOE
    BSF
    IBTIFE
    5IF
    TJHOBUVSF
    VTFE
    CZ
    01@$)&$,4*(
    NVTU
    CF
    B
    WBMJE
    TJHOBUVSF
    GPS
    UIJT
    IBTI
    BOE
    QVCMJD
    LFZ
    *G
    JU
    JT
    
    JT
    SFUVSOFE
    
    PUIFSXJTF IUUQTCJUDPJOCPPLJOGPXQDPOUFOUUSBOTMBUJPOTKBCPPLQEG
    ϖʔδʹελοΫͷڍಈͷਤ 1VCMJD
    ,FZ
    )BTI͸CJUDPJOΞυϨε͔Β#FTFEFDPEFͯ͠ಘΒΕΔ τϥϯβΫγϣϯશମΛϋογϡͨ͠΋ͷ΁ͷॺ໊ CJUDPJOϊʔυͰ࣮ߦ͞ΕΔ
23. P2PKH (Pay-to-Public-Key-Hash) 01@)"4) ൿີ伴ɹˠɹެ։伴ɹˠɹެ։伴ϋογϡɹˠɹCJUDPJOΞυϨε μϒϧϋογϡ #BTF
    &ODPEF ิ଍
24. P2PKH (Pay-to-Public-Key-Hash)
25. P2PKH (Pay-to-Public-Key-Hash)
26. Ϛϧνγάωνϟ Ϣʔεέʔε w /ݸͷެ։伴ͱ.ݸͷॺ໊͕ೖ͍ͬͯΔTDSJQU
    w .PG/ͱදݱ
    w /͸Ωʔͷ૯਺ɺ.͸ඞཁͳॺ໊ͷ਺Ͱ͢
    w ྫ͑͹PGͳΒݸͷެ։伴ʹରͯ͠ݸͷॺ໊Λ༻͍ͳ͍ͱ͍͚·ͤΜ w ෳ਺ਓͰ؅ཧ͢ΔΞυϨεͰҰఆ਺Ҏ্ͷڐՄ͕ͳ͍ͱಈ͔ͤͳ͍ΞυϨε
    w ඞཁͳΩʔΛ૿΍͢͜ͱͰ࿙Ӯʹର͢Δ଱ੑΛ͚ͭΔ
    w ݸਓͰPG/ͷΞυϨεΛ؅ཧ͢ΔͱҰͭΩʔΛͳͯ͘͠΋όοΫΞοϓͱͯ͠ಇ͘
27. Ϛϧνγάωνϟ 
    PG
    
    ͷTDSJQUͷྫ 
    1VCMJD
    ,FZ
    "
    1VCMJD
    ,FZ
    #
    1VCMJD
    ,FZ
    $
    
    01@$)&$,.6-5*4*( 01@
    4JHOBUVSF
    #
    4JHOBUVSF
    $ 01@
    4JHOBUVSF
    #
    4JHOBUVSF
    $
    
    1VCMJD
    ,FZ
    "
    1VCMJD
    ,FZ
    #
    1VCMJD
    ,FZ
    $
    
    01@$)&$,.6-5*4*( ඞཁͳൿີ伴ͷ਺ 01@$)&$,.6-5*4*(
    ɿ࠷ॳͷॺ໊ͱ&$%4"ͷҰக͕ݟ͔ͭΔ·Ͱ֤ެ։伴Λൺֱ͠·͢ɻ
    ࣍ͷެ։伴Ͱ࢝·Γɺ &$%4"ͷҰக͕ݟ͔ͭΔ·Ͱɺ࢒Γͷެ։伴ͱ൪໨ͷॺ໊Λൺֱ͠·͢ɻ
    ͜ͷϓϩηε͸ɺ͢΂ͯͷॺ໊͕νΣοΫ ͞ΕΔ͔ɺ੒ޭͨ݁͠ՌΛग़͢ͷʹे෼ͳެ։伴͕࢒Βͳ͘ͳΔ·Ͱ܁Γฦ͞Ε·͢ɻ
    ͢΂ͯͷॺ໊͸ެ։伴ͱҰக͢ Δඞཁ͕͋Γ·͢ɻ
    ެ։伴͸ॺ໊ൺֱʹࣦഊͨ͠৔߹ʹ࠶౓νΣοΫ͞Εͳ͍ͨΊɺରԠ͢Δެ։伴͕TDSJQU1VC,FZ· ͨ͸SFEFFN4DSJQUʹஔ͔Εͨͷͱಉ͡ॱংͰTDSJQU4JHʹॺ໊Λ഑ஔ͢Δඞཁ͕͋Γ·͢ɻ
    ͢΂ͯͷॺ໊͕༗ޮͳ৔߹ ͸͕ฦ͞ΕɺͦΕҎ֎ͷ৔߹͸͕ฦ͞Ε·͢ɻ
    όάͷͨΊʹɺͭͷ༨෼ͳະ࢖༻஋͕ελοΫ͔Β࡟আ͞Ε·͢ɻ
    ʢ(PPHMF຋༁ΑΓʣ ඞཁͳൿີ伴ͷ਺
28. P2SH (Pay-to-Script-Hash) ෳࡶͳτϥϯβΫγϣϯTDSJQUΛ؆୯Խͨ͠τϥϯβΫγϣϯ w 14)͸MPDLJOH
    TDSJQUʹεΫϦϓτͷϋογϡΛઃஔ͢Δ͜ͱͰ࣮ݱ
    w SFEFFN
    TDSJQUΛVOMPDLJOH
    TDSJQUͰఏࣔ͢Δ͜ͱͰࢿۚΛΞϯϩοΫ
    w SFEFFN
    TDSJQUϋογϡΛ#BTFΤϯίʔυͯ͠ΞυϨεͱͯ͠࢖༻Մೳ
    w Τϯίʔυ࣌ʹϓϨϑΟοΫεΛ͚ͭΔˠΞυϨεͷઌ಄͕ʹͳΔ 14)ΞυϨεΛ#BTFEFDPEFͯ͠ಘΔ
29. P2SH (Pay-to-Script-Hash) ϊʔυʹΑΔݕূ͸ஈ֊ ஈ֊໨
    SFEEFN
    TDSJQUͱMPDLJOH
    TDSJQUΛܨ͛ͨεΫϦϓτ͕ݕূ͞Ε·͢ SFEFFN
    TDSJQU
    
    MPDLJOH
    TDSJQU
    ɹ
    SFEFFN
    TDSJQU
    
    01@)"4)
    SFEFFN
    TDSJQU
    IBTI
    01@&26"- ஈ֊໨
    ஈ໨ͷݕূ͕໰୊ͳ͚Ε͹VOMPDLJOH
    TDSJQUΛݕূ͠·͢ 01@
    4JHOBUVSF
    "
    4JHOBUVSF
    #
    SFEFFN
    TDSJQU
30. P2SH (Pay-to-Script-Hash) w ΑΓ୹͍ϑΟϯΨʔϓϦϯτͰෳࡶͳTDSJQUΛஔ͖׵͑Δ͜ͱͰɺτϥϯβΫγϣϯͷσʔλαΠζΛ খ͘͢͞Δ
    w TDSJQU͕ΞυϨεͱ࣮ͯ͠૷͞ΕΔ͜ͱͰɺૹΓओͱૹΓओͷ΢ΥϨοτ͸14)ʹؔ͢Δෳࡶͳ࣮૷ Λ͢Δඞཁ͕ͳ͍
    w 14)͸ɺTDSJQUΛߏ੒͢Δෛ୲ΛૹΓखͰ͸ͳ͘ड͚खଆʹҠ͍ͯ͠Δ
    w 14)͸ɺΞ΢τϓοτ͕࣋ͭ௕͍TDSJQU ͜Ε͸6590ηοτʹؚ·ΕΔͨΊϝϞϦΛѹഭ͢Δ ΛΠϯ ϓοτଆ ϒϩοΫνΣʔϯ্ʹͷΈอଘ͞ΕΔ ʹҠ͢͜ͱͰσʔλετϨʔδͷෛ୲ΛΠϯϓοτଆ ʹҠ͍ͯ͠Δ
    w 14)͸ɺ௕͍TDSJQU͕ࢧ෷͍࣌Ͱ͸ͳ͘ࢿ͕ۚ࢖ΘΕΔ࣌఺Ͱੜ͡ΔΑ͏ʹ͢Δ͜ͱͰɺσʔλετ Ϩʔδͷෛ୲͕ൃੜ͢Δ࣌ࠁΛະདྷʹҠ͍ͯ͠Δ
    w 14)͸ɺૹΓख͕௕͍TDSJQUΛ൐ͬͯࢿۚΛૹΔͱ͖ʹෛ୲͢ΔτϥϯβΫγϣϯख਺ྉΛɺड͚ख ͕SFEFFN
    TDSJQUΛ࢖ͬͯࢿۚΛ࢖͏ͱ͖ʹෛ୲͢ΔΑ͏ʹมߋ͍ͯ͠Δ 14)͸MPDLJOH
    TDSJQUΛෳࡶͳ··௚઀ѻ͏͜ͱʹൺ΂ͯҎԼͷར఺͕͋Γ·͢ɻ
31. ͋Γ͕ͱ͏͍͟͝·ͨ͠