Криптография в Блокчейне | What is Miden?

Miden — zero-knowledge блокчейн c клиентским исполнением: масштабирование без повторного исполнения транзакций, приватность по умолчанию и безопасная разработка смарт-контрактов на Rust. Архитектура actor model, система Notes с Turing-complete скриптами, примеры приложений — AMM, order books, OTC-сделки, приватные платежи. Сравнение производительности Miden zkVM и SP1.

Спикер: Ли Александр Джон, engineer в Miden

Transcript

1. Alexander John Lee Engineer - Miden
2. 1) Что такое Miden и архитектура блокчейна 2) Типы приложений, которые можно создать на Miden 3) Производительность Miden zkVM по сравнению с SP1 4) Демонстрация смарт контракта на Miden
3. Mass adoption of web3/crypto THE PROBLEM Not possible with transparent blockchains Limited scalability: transaction re-execution and state bloat 1 No real privacy: everyone’s activities are easily traceable 2 Unsafe environment: bugs are easy to make and easy to exploit 3
4. Move state and execution to the client-side THE SOLUTION Sequential execution Users Block producer tx1 tx2 tx3 Parallel execution tx1 tx2 tx3 Client-side proving ✓ ✓ ✓ tx1 tx2 tx3
5. Simultaneously enable scalability, privacy, and safety Without sacrificing core web3 principles of censorship-resistance and self-custody Unbounded scalability - No re-execution of transactions - Unlimited contract complexity - Minimized/off-chain state 1 Privacy by default - Public or private state - Local or network execution - Privacy is the cheaper option 2 Safe development for the masses - Smart contracts in Rust - Native assets & account abstraction - Recallable transactions 3
6. Miden architecture
7. Actor model Actors are state machines with “inboxes” 1 Actors communicate via message passing 2 Messages are produced and consumed asynchronously 3
8. Actor model in Miden Accounts maintain state and expose interface methods 1 Account 1 10 send_asset() receive_assets() Account 2 send_asset() receive_assets()
9. Actor model in Miden Accounts maintain state and expose interface methods 1 Notes carry assets and specify “spend scripts” 2 Account 1 Note 10 send_asset() receive_assets() Account 2 send_asset() receive_assets()
10. Actor model in Miden Accounts maintain state and expose interface methods 1 Notes carry assets and specify “spend scripts” 2 Two transactions are needed to move assets between accounts 3 Account 1 Note 7 send_asset() receive_assets() Account 2 send_asset() receive_assets() 3
11. Actor model in Miden Accounts maintain state and expose interface methods 1 Notes carry assets and specify “spend scripts” 2 Two transactions are needed to move assets between accounts 3 Account 1 Note 7 send_asset() receive_assets() Account 2 3 send_asset() receive_assets()
12. Accounts All accounts are smart contracts with code & storage 1 All assets belonging to an account are stored locally 2 Two native asset types: fungible and non-fungible 3
13. Notes A note’s script defines rules for consuming a note 1 Anyone who can execute a note’s script can consume the note 2 Notes can carry multiple assets and inputs 3 Miden Note
14. Applications
15. AMM on Miden Visualized
16. AMM on Miden Visualized
17. tx2 tx1 tx3 Native intents on Miden Alice Bob Bob’s note Alice’s note Miden notes are intents 1 Note script needs to be executed at consumption 2 Intents can be arbitrary complex due to Turing-complete note scripts 4 SWAP is one example 3
18. Acc1 Acc2 SWAP note1 SWAP note2 Order book: Can be public on-chain or private off-chain Maker Maker Taker Partial consume possible P2ID note4 P2ID note3 Acc3 Update in ms 100 ms order updates 1 Sub-second order execution 2 Anonymous trading 3 SWAP note Transient notes taking in ms; requires trusted operator Miden order book
19. On-chain OTC trading Private trading: SWAP notes and private accounts allow for private trades already in-protocol 1 KYC checks: Implement SWAP notes with additional KYC checks 2 Efficient Execution: Using private notes, no MEV or order book update possible, no slippage 3 Acc1 0x4567 On-chain Off-chain SWAP note P2ID note Acc2 Broker / Whale can send out private intent (SWAP note) discreetly to a small group of pot. buyers Acc1
20. P2P payments Public or private payments (send notes via Signal, email, …) 1 Notes are recallable after x blocks. No more UX mistakes 2 Send assets to someone’s email - no onboarding needed 3 Acc1 Acc2 note Recall after block x
21. Miden zkVM
22. MidenVM 1) Miden VM is a zero-knowledge virtual machine written in Rust 2) For every program executed on Miden VM, a STARK-based proof of execution is automatically generated 3) The VM supports nondeterministic programming, enabling provers to provide execution hints and supply secret inputs Falcon512 signature verification takes ~2^16 cycles
23. Writing programs for the MidenVM • Write programs in Miden Assembly MASM (very soon in Rust) • Stack based architecture
24. SP1 vs MidenVM
25. Pioneer Program
26. Miden Pioneer Program • Looking for experienced teams looking to build DeFi applications on top of Miden • Central Limit Order Books (CLOBs), Dark Pools, Private Lending Protocols, Private Multisig wallets If you are interested, reach out to me on telegram @alexanderjohnlee
27. Demo
28. Counter Contract on Miden https://miden-counter-contract.vercel.app/
29. Thank you!