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1. The Python Deployment Albatross CINDY SRIDHARAN @COPYCONSTRUCT PYTENNESSEE FEBRUARY 5, 2017 NASHVILLE, TN
2. What’s our goal?
3. Hermetically sealed, uniform, reproducible Python artifacts
4. Hermetically sealed
5. • Isolate pure Python dependencies • Isolate compile time native/non- Python dependencies • Isolate runtime native/non-Python dependencies
6. uniform
7. Output of the build process is platform agnostic
8. Reproducible
9. Reproducible builds are a set of software development practices that create a verifiable path from human readable source code to the binary code used by computers.
10. referential transparency An expression is said to be referentially transparent if evaluating it gives the same value for same arguments. Such functions are called pure functions.
11. WHEELS VIRTUALENV PEX DOCKER CONDA NIX
12. wheels
13. but before wheels there were …
14. .whl extension built distribution
15. no build system needed on target host no C compiler required wheels
16. wheels no arbitrary code execution like sdists Ergo faster installation pip also caches wheels
17. ergo less tied to a specific version of Python Creates .pyc files as a part of the installation wheels
20. virtualenv
21. helps “isolate Python environments”
22. Copies /bin/python and modifies sys.prefix and sys.exec_ prefix
23. virtualenv ✓ Isolates per-project pure Python dependencies from one another
24. virtualenv ✓ Isolates per-project pure Python dependencies from system Python
25. ✓Isolates headers and shared libraries *if these are packaked* virtualenv
26. greenlet.h is installed local to the virtualenv
27. … as is greenlet.so
28. Where virtualenv falls short Uses system provided headers and .so files if not packaged
29. - - relocatable
 doesn’t always work
30. dh-virtualenv
31. PEX
32. docker
33. CONDA
34. NIX
69. @copyconstruct