Ruby Alternatives in 2017

Dmitry Halai, Minsk.rb, 2017
https://blog.asoft.co/ruby-alternatives-in-2017-a737e2cf93d

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Transcript

1. Ruby Alternatives
   in 2017
   Dmitry Halai ASoft.co
   

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2. WHOAMI
   @dm_halai
   dmitry.halai
   d-halai.com
   

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3. WHOAMI
   ASOFT.CO
   

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4. WHOAMI
   

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6. WHAT’S THE CHOICE?
   

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7. REALITY (GT)
   

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8. REALITY (SOT)
   

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9. REAL REALITY
   

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11. TIOBE*
    * https://www.tiobe.com/tiobe-index/
    The Importance Of Being Earnest
    Search engines:
    Google, Bing, Yahoo!,
    Wikipedia, Amazon,
    YouTube and Baidu
    Keyword:
    " programming"
    

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12. PYPL*
    * http://pypl.github.io/PYPL.html
    Keyword: " tutorial"
    Share – linear regression over
    the last 12
    Summary:
    Java is the most popular language,
    Python grew the most in the last 5
    years (8.7%) and
    PHP lost the most (-5.0%)
    Source: Google Trends
    

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13. PYPL*
    * http://pypl.github.io/PYPL.html
    

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14. SO SURVEY 2017*
    * https://insights.stackoverflow.com/survey/2017
    Most Popular Most Popular (Web Devs)
    

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15. SO SURVEY 2017*
    * https://insights.stackoverflow.com/survey/2017
    

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16. SO SURVEY 2017*
    * https://insights.stackoverflow.com/survey/2017
    Most Loved
    Top Paying
    

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17. – Robert C. Martin, Clean Code: A Handbook of Agile Software
    Craftsmanship
    “It is not the language that makes programs
    appear simple. It is the programmer that
    make the language appear simple.”
    

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18. WHY SHOULD WE LEARN?
    — Have more opportunities
    — Make right decisions
    — Just for fun
    — Grow up as engineers
    

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20. HISTORY OF LANGUAGES
    .
    1822
    Charles Babbage’s difference engine
    (mechanical computation of polynomial functions)
    . 1942
    ENIAC
    (electrical signals)
    .
    1945
    John Von Neumann
    (shared-program technique & conditional control transfer)
    . 1957
    FORTRAN
    (FORmula TRANslating system.
    Procedural programming.
    IF, DO, GOTO, basic types,
    alternative to assembly language)
    

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21. HISTORY OF LANGUAGES
    .
    1958
    LISP
    (LISt Processing.
    The first dynamically typed functional programming
    language. Designed for AI, tree data structures,
    automatic storage management)
    . 1959
    COBOL
    (Common Business-Oriented Language.
    numbers, strings, arrays, records)
    .
    1964
    BASIC
    (Beginner’s All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code.
    GC)
    . 1968
    Pascal
    (teaching purpose,
    structured programming,
    improved the “pointer” data type
    CASE)
    

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22. HISTORY OF LANGUAGES
    .
    1972
    C
    (Dynamic variables, multitasking, interrupt handling,
    forking, and strong, low-level, input-output)
    . 1980
    Smalltalk
    (OOP. MVC, reflection)
    .
    1983
    C++
    (C With Classes.
    Virtual functions and templates)
    . 1983
    Objective-C
    (Message-passing functionality based on
    Smalltalk language)
    .
    1986
    Erlang
    (concurrent programming)
    

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23. HISTORY OF LANGUAGES
    .
    1987
    Perl
    (Practical Extraction and Reporting Language,
    report processing,
    improved version of sed and awk tools)
    . 1990
    Haskell
    (purely functional programming)
    .
    1993
    Ruby
    (Designed for productive and enjoyable programming)
    . 1995
    Java
    (Cross-platform functionality)
    .
    1995
    JavaScript
    (prototyping model)
    

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24. HISTORY OF LANGUAGES
    .
    2001 C#
    . 2003
    Scala
    . Clojure
    2007
    . 2009
    Go
    . Rust
    2010
    . 2012
    Elixir
    

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25. HISTORY OF LANGUAGES
    .
    2001 C#
    . 2003
    Scala
    . Clojure
    2007
    . 2009
    Go
    . Rust
    2010
    . 2012
    Elixir
    Most Loved
    Top Paying
    

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27. CLOJURE
    

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28. CLOJURE
    

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29. CLOJURE
    1. “Cambridge Polish” syntax (S-expressions)
    2. “Data as code” strategy
    4. Lazy Evaluation
    5. STM (software transactional memory)
    3. Macro system and protocols
    KEY FEATURES
    

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30. CLOJURE
    “S-EXPRESSIONS” SYNTAX
    OR(x, y) vs x OR y
    

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31. CLOJURE
    “DATA AS CODE” STRATEGY
    Homoiconicity*
    Language text has the same structure as its abstract syntax tree (AST)
    * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homoiconicity
    Clojure code is just nested lists of symbols that can be evaluated
    

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32. CLOJURE
    MACRO SYSTEM & PROTOCOLS
    

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33. CLOJURE
    LAZY EVALUATION
    

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34. CLOJURE
    STM
    

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35. CLOJURE
    TOOLS
    ClojureScript
    https://github.com/razum2um/awesome-clojure
    Datomic
    Leiningen
    Ring
    …
    Core.async
    Luminus
    

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36. CLOJURE
    REAL EXAMPLES
    https://clojure.org/community/companies
    

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37. CLOJURE
    CONS
    PROS
    + the ecosystem (JVM)
    + concurrency
    + data is code
    - prefix notation
    - readability
    - learning curve
    

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38. CLOJURE
    

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39. CLOJURE
    http://clojurecourse.by
    

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40. GO
    

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41. GO
    KEY FEATURES
    1. Package system
    2. Structs
    5. Interfaces & type switches
    6. Goroutines & channels
    3. Pointers
    4. Defer
    

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42. GO
    PACKAGE SYSTEM
    

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43. GO
    STRUCTS
    

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44. GO
    POINTERS
    

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45. GO
    DEFER
    

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46. GO
    INTERFACES & TYPE SWITCHES
    

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47. GO
    GOROUTINES & CHANNELS
    

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48. GO
    TOOLS
    Bigcache
    https://github.com/avelino/awesome-go
    CockroachDB
    Godoc
    Testing
    …
    Gin
    

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49. GO
    REAL EXAMPLES
    https://github.com/golang/go/wiki/GoUsers
    Need some more?
    

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50. GO
    CONS
    PROS
    + learning curve, simplicity
    + GC
    + no VM
    - no REPL
    - no generics
    - size of binaries
    + infrastructure
    + concurrency
    - pointers
    

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51. GO
    

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52. GO
    https://tour.golang.org
    

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53. ELIXIR
    CLEAR CODE IS BETTER THAN CONCISE CODE
    

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54. ELIXIR
    1. Pipeline operator, pattern matching, destructuring
    2. Metaprogramming & macroses
    4. Actors & Agents
    5. Erlang/OTP
    3. Polymorphism via protocols
    KEY FEATURES
    

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55. ELIXIR
    |>, PATTERN MATCHING, DESTRUCTURING
    

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56. ELIXIR
    METAPROGRAMMING & MACROSES
    AST -> MACROS -> AST
    https://qed.elixir.pm/
    

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57. ELIXIR
    POLYMORPHISM VIA PROTOCOLS
    

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58. ELIXIR
    ACTORS & AGENTS
    

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59. ELIXIR
    ERLANG/OTP
    http://learnyousomeerlang.com/what-is-otp
    

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60. ELIXIR
    TOOLS
    Ecto
    https://github.com/h4cc/awesome-elixir
    Phoenix
    Mix
    Cowboy
    …
    Edeliver
    Plug
    

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61. ELIXIR
    REAL EXAMPLES
    https://github.com/doomspork/elixir-companies
    

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62. ELIXIR
    CONS
    PROS
    + the ecosystem (Erlang, Phoenix, Ecto)
    + concurrency
    + syntax, readability
    - small amount of libraries
    - deployment process
    + learning curve
    

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63. ELIXIR
    

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64. ELIXIR
    

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65. RUBY?
    https://stackshare.io/stackups/ruby-vs-clojure-vs-go-vs-elixir
    

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66. RUBY?
    — Mature
    — Great for an MVPs
    — Ruby 3x3?
    — Still works for the most cases
    — Community
    — Lots of work
    

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67. ALREADY BUT NOT YET
    

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68. WHAT’S NEXT?
    RUST
    SCHEME
    ELM
    F#
    HASKELL
    ERLANG
    CRYSTAL
    TYPESCRIPT
    SCALA
    

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69. BOOK
    

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70. REAL REALITY
    

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71. FIN
    ASOFT.CO
    

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