CMMMASS - Intro 2 .pdf

Transcript

1. CRITICAL MMMASS Sustainable Architecture for Monday Morning Manoochehri | KTH-A | 110209 INTRO 2
2. TECH CHECH
3. CMMASS CHARACTER
4. CLASS INPUT
5. Efficiency All energy is solar Sustainability as closing resource input-output system as a loop Sustainable architecture is optimisation of architectural desires vs various constraints (technical, economic, resources) KEY POINT QUESTION CRIT/OBS Efficiency (measurable!) vs Effectiveness (non- measurable!); which more relevant for S? Storage? Usage? How to shift architecture to positive feedback system, i.e. regenerating rather than depleting resources? Strictness of constraints? Radical vs soft change? Is there enough time? Economic efficiency vs market performance; thermodynamic efficiency vs theoretical maximum Solar Energy Paradigm > Fossil Paradigm > Solar Paradigm Resources have been abundant, so recognition of need to close resource loop not necessary; fossil-fueled supply chains ‘hide’ reality of resource limits Architecture/construction will always have impact; point is to reduce
6. Persia/Iran (pre-modern) PLACE TECHNIQUE COMMENT Passive climate control Arches/alleys: shading and induced airflow Density: shading, minimised solar exposure Dome roof: half-in shade always, wind- cooled Courtyard format: different uses for summer and winter sunlight Sunken courtyards: berming structure for temperature gradient advantage in winter/summer. Building details for shading purposes High ceilings: creates more spacious cool zone in convection column Double-layer dome: creates insulation layer Clay walls: c1m thick, good thermal mass properties Wind towers: airflow cowls, pressure- balancing, airintake via water-cooled ducts
7. Hakka Earth Buildings, Fujian China Igloo, North Pole Tipi, North America (traditional; North Asia?) Dugout, zemlyanka (Russia), elsewhere (pre-modern) PLACE TECHNIQUE COMMENT 10m earth walls, timber/ rammed earth, 1m thick, eaves prevent solar ingress, local materials Ice-made structure, spherical construction Cone-shaped, skin-and- wood structure Partly/completely bermed (earth-bound) structure Thermal mass principle, local materials (using available materials for binding), dense housing concept Paradigm of local materials, optimisation of surface area/volume ratio; ice can be natural/essential material, or frivolous material Natural ventilation, local materials/ resources, portable, carbon neutral, re- usable building material, climate adaptable, shape (cone) wind-resistant, biodegradable, movable openings, localized heating Inherent insulation, thermal massing, land-use efficiency, landscape integration, inherent interior design/ furniture options; vs water seepage, humidity, ventiliation, flexibility, lighting
9. Historical Architectural Sustainability
10. Historical Architectural Sustainability Locally Constrained
11. Historical Architectural Sustainability Locally Constrained Culturally Constrained
12. Historical Architectural Sustainability Locally Constrained Culturally Constrained Constraint/Desirable Optimised ?
13. Historical Architectural Sustainability Locally Constrained Culturally Constrained Constraint/Desirable Optimised ?
14. Historical Architectural Sustainability Locally Constrained Culturally Constrained Constraint/Desirable Optimised ? Solar Energy Paradigm not Fossil Energy Paradigm
15. Historical Architectural Sustainability Locally Constrained Culturally Constrained Constraint/Desirable Optimised ? Solar Energy Paradigm not Fossil Energy Paradigm
17. Solar Energy Paradigm
18. Solar Energy Paradigm Direct Thermal Gain
19. Solar Energy Paradigm Direct Thermal Gain
20. Solar Energy Paradigm Direct Thermal Gain Biomass (Primary Production)
21. Solar Energy Paradigm Direct Thermal Gain Biomass (Primary Production) Animal Biomass > Animal Heat
22. Solar Energy Paradigm Direct Thermal Gain Biomass (Primary Production) Animal Biomass > Animal Heat Human Biomass > Human Heat
23. Solar Energy Paradigm Direct Thermal Gain Biomass (Primary Production) Animal Biomass > Animal Heat Human Biomass > Human Heat
24. Solar Energy Paradigm Direct Thermal Gain Biomass (Primary Production) Animal Biomass > Animal Heat Human Biomass > Human Heat Wind
25. Solar Energy Paradigm Direct Thermal Gain Biomass (Primary Production) Animal Biomass > Animal Heat Human Biomass > Human Heat Wind Wave
26. Solar Energy Paradigm Direct Thermal Gain Biomass (Primary Production) Animal Biomass > Animal Heat Human Biomass > Human Heat Wind Wave Hydro
27. Solar Energy Paradigm Direct Thermal Gain Biomass (Primary Production) Animal Biomass > Animal Heat Human Biomass > Human Heat Wind Wave Hydro
28. Solar Energy Paradigm Direct Thermal Gain Biomass (Primary Production) Animal Biomass > Animal Heat Human Biomass > Human Heat Wind Wave Hydro Ground/Water Source Heat Exchange
29. Solar Energy Paradigm Direct Thermal Gain Biomass (Primary Production) Animal Biomass > Animal Heat Human Biomass > Human Heat Wind Wave Hydro Ground/Water Source Heat Exchange
30. Solar Energy Paradigm Direct Thermal Gain Biomass (Primary Production) Animal Biomass > Animal Heat Human Biomass > Human Heat Wind Wave Hydro Ground/Water Source Heat Exchange
31. Solar Energy Paradigm Direct Thermal Gain Biomass (Primary Production) Animal Biomass > Animal Heat Human Biomass > Human Heat Wind Wave Hydro Ground/Water Source Heat Exchange
32. Solar Energy Paradigm Direct Thermal Gain Biomass (Primary Production) Animal Biomass > Animal Heat Human Biomass > Human Heat Wind Wave Hydro Ground/Water Source Heat Exchange + Moon + Planet Core Tidal Geothermal
33. Solar Energy Paradigm Direct Thermal Gain Biomass (Primary Production) Animal Biomass > Animal Heat Human Biomass > Human Heat Wind Wave Hydro Ground/Water Source Heat Exchange + Moon + Planet Core Tidal Geothermal + Fossils + Minerals + Wacky Biota
34. 10 M.King Hubbert in Energy and Power, SciAm, 1971
36. Fossil Energy Paradigm
37. Fossil Energy Paradigm Cheap Energy
38. Fossil Energy Paradigm Cheap Energy Cheap Transport
39. Fossil Energy Paradigm Cheap Energy Cheap Transport Cheap Food
40. Fossil Energy Paradigm Cheap Energy Cheap Transport Cheap Food Cheap Plastics
41. Fossil Energy Paradigm Cheap Energy Cheap Transport Cheap Food Cheap Plastics
42. Fossil Energy Paradigm Cheap Energy Cheap Transport Cheap Food Cheap Plastics Cheap Electronics & Technology
43. Fossil Energy Paradigm Cheap Energy Cheap Transport Cheap Food Cheap Plastics Cheap Electronics & Technology Cheap Communication & Innovation
45. Historical Architectural Sustainability
46. Historical Architectural Sustainability Locally Constrained
47. Historical Architectural Sustainability Locally Constrained Culturally Constrained
48. Historical Architectural Sustainability Locally Constrained Culturally Constrained Constraint/Desirable Optimised ?
49. Historical Architectural Sustainability Locally Constrained Culturally Constrained Constraint/Desirable Optimised ?
50. Historical Architectural Sustainability Locally Constrained Culturally Constrained Constraint/Desirable Optimised ? Solar Paradigm not Oil Paradigm
51. Historical Architectural Sustainability Locally Constrained Culturally Constrained Constraint/Desirable Optimised ? Solar Paradigm not Oil Paradigm
52. RECAP
54. What is architecture?
55. What is architecture? Optimisation of desirables vs constraints
56. What is architecture? Optimisation of desirables vs constraints What is sustainability?
57. What is architecture? Optimisation of desirables vs constraints What is sustainability? New constraints
58. What is architecture? Optimisation of desirables vs constraints What is sustainability? New constraints What is sustainable architecture?
59. What is architecture? Optimisation of desirables vs constraints What is sustainability? New constraints What is sustainable architecture? Architecture for a world with new constraints
61. What is architecture?
62. What is architecture? Desirables: Programme, Aesthetics, Social, etc
63. What is architecture? Desirables: Programme, Aesthetics, Social, etc Constraints: Cost, Structural, Contextual, etc
64. What is architecture? Desirables: Programme, Aesthetics, Social, etc Constraints: Cost, Structural, Contextual, etc Optimisation: The design process, ‘trading-off’
66. What is sustainability?
67. What is sustainability? Environmental constraints: Biophysical limits, Ethical limits
68. What is sustainability? Environmental constraints: Biophysical limits, Ethical limits Other constraints?!
69. What is sustainability? Environmental constraints: Biophysical limits, Ethical limits Other constraints?! Essential priority of environmental constraints: Time! Matter before Value!
70. What is sustainability? Environmental constraints: Biophysical limits, Ethical limits Other constraints?! Essential priority of environmental constraints: Time! Matter before Value! Additional priority of environmental constraints: Complexity!
71. What is sustainability? Environmental constraints: Biophysical limits, Ethical limits Other constraints?! Essential priority of environmental constraints: Time! Matter before Value! Additional priority of environmental constraints: Complexity! Rigour of social constraints?
72. What is sustainability? Environmental constraints: Biophysical limits, Ethical limits Other constraints?! Essential priority of environmental constraints: Time! Matter before Value! Additional priority of environmental constraints: Complexity! Rigour of social constraints? Primacy of social desirables!
73. What is sustainability? Environmental constraints: Biophysical limits, Ethical limits Other constraints?! Essential priority of environmental constraints: Time! Matter before Value! Additional priority of environmental constraints: Complexity! Rigour of social constraints? Primacy of social desirables! Political character of social constraints/desirables
74. What is sustainability? Environmental constraints: Biophysical limits, Ethical limits Other constraints?! Essential priority of environmental constraints: Time! Matter before Value! Additional priority of environmental constraints: Complexity! Rigour of social constraints? Primacy of social desirables! Political character of social constraints/desirables
76. What is sustainable architecture? Optimisation of desirables vs (new) constraints Sustainable architecture = (Good, Great?) Architecture Translation of constraints into desirables: Efficiency?! Nature?!
77. CONTENT
78. R U
79. R U
80. R U RESOURCES CONSTRAINTS RESTRICTIONS
81. R U RESOURCES CONSTRAINTS RESTRICTIONS APPLICATIONS DESIRABLES FREEDOM
82. R U RESOURCES CONSTRAINTS RESTRICTIONS APPLICATIONS DESIRABLES FREEDOM M E T R I C S
83. R U RESOURCES CONSTRAINTS RESTRICTIONS APPLICATIONS DESIRABLES FREEDOM M E T R I C S M T E C H S
84. R U RESOURCES CONSTRAINTS RESTRICTIONS APPLICATIONS DESIRABLES FREEDOM M E T R I C S M T E C H S M E T H O D S
85. R U RESOURCES CONSTRAINTS RESTRICTIONS APPLICATIONS DESIRABLES FREEDOM ANALYSIS M E T R I C S M T E C H S M E T H O D S
86. R U RESOURCES CONSTRAINTS RESTRICTIONS APPLICATIONS DESIRABLES FREEDOM ANALYSIS CREATIVITY M E T R I C S M T E C H S M E T H O D S
87. R U RESOURCES CONSTRAINTS RESTRICTIONS APPLICATIONS DESIRABLES FREEDOM ANALYSIS CREATIVITY M E T R I C S M T E C H S M E T H O D S DISCOVERY
88. Metrics Methods Major Techniques
89. Metrics Industry Tools - LEED, BREEAM Cardinal/Ordinal Metrics Longitudinal Metrics Aggregate Metrics
90. Methods Industry Tools - EVA/SPEAR, OPL, SID, etc Metrics | Measure by Measure Systematics | Step by Step Signatures | Piece by Piece
91. Sustainable Development?
92. Environment Sustainable Development?
93. Environment Society Sustainable Development?
94. Environment Society Economy Sustainable Development?
95. Environment Society Economy SD Sustainable Development?
96. Dinner Party?
97. Food & Kitchen Dinner Party?
98. Food & Kitchen Some Nice Things Dinner Party?
99. Food & Kitchen Some Nice Things Not Spending Too Much Dinner Party?
100. Food & Kitchen Some Nice Things Not Spending Too Much DP Dinner Party?
101. Architecture?
102. Walls & Roof Architecture?
103. Walls & Roof Doors & Windows Architecture?
104. Walls & Roof Doors & Windows Furnishing Architecture?
105. Walls & Roof Doors & Windows Furnishing Hs Architecture?
107. Sustainable Design
108. Sustainable Design = R/U
109. Sustainable Design = R/U
110. Sustainable Design = R/U = (R/P . P/FS . FS/UC . UC/U)
112. N
113. NATURAL RESOURCES N
114. NATURAL RESOURCES N H
115. NATURAL RESOURCES BUILT DESIGN/ PRODUCTS N H
116. NATURAL RESOURCES BUILT DESIGN/ PRODUCTS N H
117. NATURAL RESOURCES BUILT DESIGN/ PRODUCTS N H
118. ⊖R NATURAL RESOURCES BUILT DESIGN/ PRODUCTS N H
119. ⊖R NATURAL RESOURCES BUILT DESIGN/ PRODUCTS N H
120. ⊖R NATURAL RESOURCES BUILT DESIGN/ PRODUCTS ⊗R N H
121. ⊖R NATURAL RESOURCES BUILT DESIGN/ PRODUCTS ⊗R N H
122. ⊖R NATURAL RESOURCES ⊗C BUILT DESIGN/ PRODUCTS ⊗R N H
123. ⊖R NATURAL RESOURCES BUILT DESIGN/ PRODUCTS ⊖U ⊗R N H
125. Social Discourse Programme/Brief Functional Decomposition vehicle > property > food > growth > mobility > space > nutrition > wealth > access accommodation health wellbeing Meta Programme Social Discourse Components Hard Programme Buildings, Infrastructure Soft Programme Aesthetics, Mood, Culture Politics Identity Inclusion Crime Environment Nature Ethics Risk Cost Pollution Reduction Stock Conservation Nature Preservation Sufficiency 

 

 Compassion S E MATERIAL SPATIAL SOCIAL PERSONAL OBJECTS ACTIONS STRUCTURES Resource 

Efficiency Functional 

Efficiency Use 

Efficiency Welfare 

Efficiency User Skills Development End-use services D Simultaneous / Sequential Spatial F Simultaneous / Sequential Object F Elimination of Negative F Process 

Efficiency Product 

Efficiency Localisation Cycling Systems Durability Simultaneous / Sequential UC Social Discourse
126. Major Techniques Overview | Class Choice Materials Structures Systems Bio Behaviour
127. Metrics Methods Major Techniques
128. CRITICAL MMMASS Sustainable Architecture for Monday Morning jm@resourcevision.se | KTH-A | 110209 INTRO 2