Android Things - The power of Android for Internet of Things

In this talk we'll see what is Android Things and what we need to know to begin developing IoT application.

Transcript

1. Android Things: The power of Android for Internet of Things
2. Agenda: 1. History 2. Difference with “standard” Android 3. Simple Example 4. Hardware Platform 5. Access to Peripheral & “More Complex” Examples
3. About me: Marco Gomiero Computer Engineering Student (Free Time) Android Developer @marcoGomier github.com/prof18 marcogomiero.com marco.gomiero.93@gmail.com
4. History: Source: Android Police
5. History: • Brillo: ◦ Based on the Android software stack. But is not Android! ◦ Lower components of the Android operating system ◦ Development in C and C++ • Weave: ◦ device-to-device communication protocol ◦ used for sending commands, updating devices and performing initial setup of new devices ◦ Not exclusive to Brillo OS
6. Android Things: An extension of the Android platform for IoT and embedded devices
7. Cameras Gateways HVAC Control Smart Meters Point of Sale Inventory Control Interactive Ads Vending Machines Security Systems Smart Doorbells Routers Energy Monitors Asset Tracking Fleet Management Driver Assist Predictive Service Ideal for powerful, intelligent devices on the edge that need to be secure
8. IoT Developer Console Automatic Security Updates Signed Images Verified Boot
9. What are the difference between Android & Android Things?
10. Software Stack of Android:
11. Software Stack of Android Things:
12. Displays are Optional.. ..but activities are still the primary component of the app Most API that include showing a dialog or view to the user are not available: ◦ No authentication and sign-on ◦ No Android System Notification ◦ No runtime granted permissions ◦ No system status bar and navigation button
13. Consider Alternate UI Alternate forms of user input: ◦ Speech recognition ◦ Game controllers ◦ Sensors
14. Android SDK Android Studio Play Services Develop with the power of Android: Firebase Cloud Platform Compatible Java/Android Library
15. Hello Things
16. dependencies { ... provided 'com.google.android.things:androidthings:0.2-devpreview' } Add the dependency to app-level build.gradle:
17. Add the things shared library entry to the app’s Manifest: <application ...> <uses-library android:name="com.google.android.things"/> ... </application>
18. Declare an activity as the main entry point after the device boots: <application android:label="@string/app_name"> <uses-library android:name="com.google.android.things"/> <activity android:name=".HomeActivity"> <!-- Launch activity as default from Android Studio --> <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN"/> <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER"/> </intent-filter> <!-- Launch activity automatically on boot --> <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN"/> <category android:name="android.intent.category.IOT_LAUNCHER"/> <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT"/> </intent-filter> </activity> </application>
19. Main Activity: public class MainActivity extends Activity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); } }
20. Layout: <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:id="@+id/activity_main" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent"> <TextView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_centerInParent="true" android:text="Hello Things!" android:textSize="50sp"/> </RelativeLayout>
21. Hello Things:
22. Hello Things:
23. Hardware platforms
24. Hardware platforms:
25. What I need: • Breadboard • Cables • Resistors • Buttons • Sensors • Led • ...
26. Featured Peripherals:
27. How to use: Actually on dev preview. Known Issue: • System power management is currently disabled. Devices will not suspend and wake locks are not necessary. • Bluetooth APIs are currently disabled. • USB APIs are currently disabled. • Dangerous permissions requested by apps are not granted until the next device reboot. This includes new app installs and new <uses-permission>elements in existing apps. • Google Play Services requires 2-3 minutes on first boot to pre-optimize dex. App installs are blocked until this process is complete. • Hardware graphics acceleration (OpenGL) is not currently enabled. APIs depedent on this functionality (such as WebView) are not available.
28. Hardware platforms:
29. Access to Peripheral
30. Peripheral I/O: GPIO PWM I2C SPI UART • General Purpose Input/Output (GPIO) ◦ Buttons, relays, and proximity sensors. • Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) ◦ Servo motors, speakers, LEDs • Inter-Integrated Circuit (I2C) ◦ Sensors, displays, advanced peripherals • Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) - ◦ Sensors, displays, higher speed peripherals • Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (UART) ◦ GPS, printers, RFID readers, barcode scanners
31. Pinout Diagram:
32. List available peripherals: public class HomeActivity extends Activity { private static final String TAG = "HomeActivity"; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); PeripheralManagerService service = new PeripheralManagerService(); Log.d(TAG, "Available GPIO: " + service.getGpioList()); } }
33. Handle button event: private Gpio mButtonGpio; PeripheralManagerService service = new PeripheralManagerService(); try { mButtonGpio = service.openGpio(GPIO_PIN_NAME); mButtonGpio.setDirection(Gpio.DIRECTION_IN); mButtonGpio.setEdgeTriggerType(Gpio.EDGE_FALLING); mButtonGpio.registerGpioCallback(new GpioCallback() { @Override public boolean onGpioEdge(Gpio gpio) { Log.i(TAG, "GPIO changed, button pressed"); return true; } }); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "Error on PeripheralIO API", e); }
34. Handle button event: //Close the resource if (mButtonGpio != null) { mButtonGpio.unregisterGpioCallback(mCallback); try { mButtonGpio.close(); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "Error on PeripheralIO API", e); } }
35. Blink a LED: private Handler mHandler = new Handler(); private Gpio mLedGpio; PeripheralManagerService service = new PeripheralManagerService(); try { mLedGpio = service.openGpio(GPIO_PIN_NAME); mLedGpio.setDirection(Gpio.DIRECTION_OUT_INITIALLY_LOW); mHandler.post(mBlinkRunnable); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "Error on PeripheralIO API", e); } }
36. Blink a LED: private Runnable mBlinkRunnable = new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { // Exit if the GPIO is already closed if (mLedGpio == null) { return; } try { mLedGpio.setValue(!mLedGpio.getValue()); mHandler.postDelayed(mBlinkRunnable, INTERVAL_BETWEEN_BLINKS_MS); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "Error on PeripheralIO API", e); } } };
37. GPIO PWM I2C SPI UART Input Sensors GPS Peripheral I/O User Drivers
38. GPIO PWM I2C SPI UART Input Sensors GPS Peripheral Driver Library Peripheral I/O User Drivers
40. Integrate Peripheral Drivers: dependencies { ... compile 'com.google.android.things.contrib:driver-button:0.1' }
41. Integrate Peripheral Drivers: private ButtonInputDriver mButtonInputDriver; try { mButtonInputDriver = new ButtonInputDriver( GPIO_PIN_NAME, Button.LogicState.PRESSED_WHEN_LOW, KeyEvent.KEYCODE_SPACE); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "Error configuring GPIO pin", e); } }
42. Integrate Peripheral Drivers: @Override public boolean onKeyDown(int keyCode, KeyEvent event) { if (keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_SPACE) { // Handle button pressed event return true; } return super.onKeyDown(keyCode, event); } @Override public boolean onKeyUp(int keyCode, KeyEvent event) { if (keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_SPACE) { // Handle button released event return true; } return super.onKeyUp(keyCode, event); }
43. More examples can be found on GitHub:
44. References: • https://developer.android.com/things/index.html • https://github.com/androidthings • https://github.com/androidthings/contrib-drivers • https://developers.google.com/weave/ • Google's IoT Developers Community: https://g.co/iotdev
45. Thanks! Any Question? @marcoGomier github.com/prof18 marcogomiero.com marco.gomiero.93@gmail.com