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医療言語処理ことはじめ〜ことばのAIで何ができる?〜

Yuta Nakamura
December 02, 2023
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 医療言語処理ことはじめ〜ことばのAIで何ができる?〜

Yuta Nakamura

December 02, 2023
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  1. தଜ ༏ଠ :VUB/BLBNVSB     ʙ  ʙ

    ࣗݾ঺հ ๺ւಓࡳຈࢢ ੜ·Ε ๺ྮߴ౳ֶߍ ଔۀ ౦ژେֶҩֶ෦ҩֶՊ ଔۀ ์ࣹઢՊઐ໳ҩ औಘ ౦େපӃ์ࣹઢՊ ΠϝʔδϥϘ *$"- େֶӃੜ ݚڀςʔϚࣗવݴޠॲཧͷը૾਍அ΁ͷԠ༻ ಸྑઌ୺Պֶٕज़େֶӃେֶ /"*45 ιʔγϟϧɾίϯϐϡʔςΟϯάݚڀࣨ ࠃ಺ཹֶ /-1एखͷձγϯϙδ΢Ϝ ӡӦҕһ
  2. ҩྍݴޠॲཧͱ͸ʁ ҩྍݴޠॲཧ #JPNFEJDBMOBUVSBMMBOHVBHFQSPDFTTJOH • ࣗવݴޠॲཧΛҩྍʹԠ༻͢Δ͜ͱ ࣗવݴޠॲཧ /BUVSBMMBOHVBHFQSPDFTTJOH /-1 • ࣗવݴޠΛίϯϐϡʔλͰॲཧ͢Δ͜ͱ

    ͜ͱ͹ͷ"* ࣗવݴޠ /BUVSBMMBOHVBHF • ਓ͕ؒҙࢥૄ௨ʹ࢖͏ࣗવൃੜతͳݴޠ ೔ຊޠ ӳޠ ʜ ਓ޻ݴޠ "SUJGJDJBMMBOHVBHF • ਓҝతʹ࡞ΒΕͨݴޠ Τεϖϥϯτ ίϯϐϡʔλݴޠ ʜ ٕज़తʹ͸ ΄΅ಉ͡
  3. ͖͔͚ͬ ͳͥ์ࣹઢՊҩͳͷʹݴޠΛʁ ˡ ిࢠΧϧς΍ಡӨϨϙʔτͰͷݕࡧ͠ʹ͕͖͔͚ͬ͘͞ $07*% ✅ $07*%ͱͯ͠యܕత ❌ $07*%͸൱ఆత ؊ࡉ๔؞

    ✅ 4 4ଟൃ؊ࡉ๔؞͍ٙ ❌ ؊ࡉ๔؞ज़ޙɿ࠶ൃΛೝΊ·ͤΜ ❌ ଟൃ)$$ज़લ ˡ ِཅੑ $07*%Ͱ͸ͳ͍ ˡ ِӄੑ ݺশΏΕ͕͋Δͱर͑ͳ͍ ˡ ِཅੑ ͢Ͱʹ࣏ྍޙ ݕࡧػೳɼͲͷ͘Β͍࢖͍ͬͯ·͔͢ʁ ʢ͋·Γຖ೔͘͢͝པ͍ͬͯΔํ͸͍ͳ͍ͷͰ͸ʣ
  4. ͜ͱ͹ͷ"*͸Ͳ͜·ͰਐԽ͔ͨ͠ 2017 BERT J Devlin et al. Google LLC. 2014

    word2vec T Mikolov et al. Google LLC. 2017 Transformer A Vaswani et al. Google Brain 2019 T5 C Raffel et al. Google LLC. 1990's〜 େྔσʔλ ͔Βͷֶश ʙ1980's ਓ͕ؒஞҰ ϧʔϧΛ ॻ͖Լ͢ 2016 ౦ϩϘ͘Μ ϓϩδΣΫτ ऴྃ 2018 GPT A Radford et al. Open AI 2021 DALL-E A Ramesh et al. Open AI ɾౙͷ࣌୅͸աڈͷ΋ͷ
  5. 2017 BERT J Devlin et al. Google LLC. 2014 word2vec

    T Mikolov et al. Google LLC. 2017 Transformer A Vaswani et al. Google Brain 2019 T5 C Raffel et al. Google LLC. 1990's〜 େྔσʔλ ͔Βͷֶश ʙ1980's ਓ͕ؒஞҰ ϧʔϧΛ ॻ͖Լ͢ 2016 ౦ϩϘ͘Μ ϓϩδΣΫτ ऴྃ 2018 GPT A Radford et al. Open AI 2021 DALL-E A Ramesh et al. Open AI ɾౙͷ࣌୅͸աڈͷ΋ͷ IUUQTEJBNPOEKQBSUJDMFT ͜ͱ͹ͷ"*͸Ͳ͜·ͰਐԽ͔ͨ͠
  6. 2017 BERT J Devlin et al. Google LLC. 2014 word2vec

    T Mikolov et al. Google LLC. 2017 Transformer A Vaswani et al. Google Brain 2019 T5 C Raffel et al. Google LLC. 1990's〜 େྔσʔλ ͔Βͷֶश ʙ1980's ਓ͕ؒஞҰ ϧʔϧΛ ॻ͖Լ͢ 2016 ౦ϩϘ͘Μ ϓϩδΣΫτ ऴྃ 2018 GPT A Radford et al. Open AI 2021 DALL-E A Ramesh et al. Open AI ɾౙͷ࣌୅͸աڈͷ΋ͷ ɾ೥͔ΒจॻಡղείΞ͸ਓؒҎ্ IUUQTEJBNPOEKQBSUJDMFT ͜ͱ͹ͷ"*͸Ͳ͜·ͰਐԽ͔ͨ͠
  7. 2017 BERT J Devlin et al. Google LLC. 2014 word2vec

    T Mikolov et al. Google LLC. 2017 Transformer A Vaswani et al. Google Brain 2019 T5 C Raffel et al. Google LLC. 1990's〜 େྔσʔλ ͔Βͷֶश ʙ1980's ਓ͕ؒஞҰ ϧʔϧΛ ॻ͖Լ͢ 2016 ౦ϩϘ͘Μ ϓϩδΣΫτ ऴྃ 2018 GPT A Radford et al. Open AI 2021 DALL-E A Ramesh et al. Open AI ɾౙͷ࣌୅͸աڈͷ΋ͷ ɾ೥͔ΒจॻಡղείΞ͸ਓؒҎ্ ͜ͱ͹ͷ"*͸Ͳ͜·ͰਐԽ͔ͨ͠
  8. 2017 BERT J Devlin et al. Google LLC. 2014 word2vec

    T Mikolov et al. Google LLC. 2017 Transformer A Vaswani et al. Google Brain 2019 T5 C Raffel et al. Google LLC. 1990's〜 େྔσʔλ ͔Βͷֶश ʙ1980's ਓ͕ؒஞҰ ϧʔϧΛ ॻ͖Լ͢ 2016 ౦ϩϘ͘Μ ϓϩδΣΫτ ऴྃ 2018 GPT A Radford et al. Open AI 2021 DALL-E A Ramesh et al. Open AI ɾౙͷ࣌୅͸աڈͷ΋ͷ ɾ೥͔ΒจॻಡղείΞ͸ਓؒҎ্ ͜ͱ͹ͷ"*͸Ͳ͜·ͰਐԽ͔ͨ͠
  9. 2017 BERT J Devlin et al. Google LLC. 2014 word2vec

    T Mikolov et al. Google LLC. 2017 Transformer A Vaswani et al. Google Brain 2019 T5 C Raffel et al. Google LLC. 1990's〜 େྔσʔλ ͔Βͷֶश ʙ1980's ਓ͕ؒஞҰ ϧʔϧΛ ॻ͖Լ͢ 2016 ౦ϩϘ͘Μ ϓϩδΣΫτ ऴྃ 2018 GPT A Radford et al. Open AI 2021 DALL-E A Ramesh et al. Open AI ɾౙͷ࣌୅͸աڈͷ΋ͷ ɾ೥͔ΒจॻಡղείΞ͸ਓؒҎ্ ɾ࠷ۙͷϒϨΠΫεϧʔͷଟ͘͸(PPHMFൃ ʢେྔͷϚγϯͱେྔͷݚڀऀ͕͍Δʣ ͜ͱ͹ͷ"*͸Ͳ͜·ͰਐԽ͔ͨ͠
  10. ɾҰੲલ͸ɼϘτϜΞοϓͳղੳ͕ओྲྀ ᶃܗଶૉղੳ ୯ޠ෼ׂ ඼ࢺ൑ఆ ᶄߏจղੳ ۟ߏ଄΍܎Γड͚Λಉఆ ᶅΑΓਐΜͩλεΫ ࢦࣔޠ΍ݴ͍׵͑Λೝࣝ ڞࢀরղੳɾরԠղੳ จॻશମͷྲྀΕΛղੳ

    ஊ࿩ߏ଄ղੳ ԞଜֶΒࣗવݴޠॲཧγϦʔζߏจղੳ ίϩφࣾ IUUQTUXJUUFSDPNOBLBNVSBLJIJSPTUBUVTQIPUP ԞଜֶΒࣗવݴޠॲཧγϦʔζจ຺ղੳ ड़ޠ߲ߏ଄ɾরԠɾஊ࿩ߏ଄ͷղੳ ίϩφࣾ ͜ͱ͹ͷ"*͸Ͳ͜·ͰਐԽ͔ͨ͠
  11. ୈࡾճ ৽نӦۀઌ։୓ϓϩδΣΫτݕ౼ٞࣄ࿥ ೔ఔɿ ৔ॴɿຊࣾ"ձٞࣨ ࢀՃऀʢܟশུʣɿ˔˔՝௕ɺ˔˔ɺ˔˔ɺ˔˔ ৽نλʔήοτީิௐࠪ಺༰ͷڞ༗ͱબఆ  "*ͳͲͷ৽نٕज़ʹ਌࿨ੑͷߴ͍ΞʔϦʔΞμϓλʔ૚ʢ˔˔ʣ ૝ఆ௨Γڵຯؔ৺͸ڧ࣋ͪ͘ૣ͘ࢼ͍ͨ͠ͱ͍͏੠͕ଟ͔ͬͨɻ ͨͩྲྀߦʹහײͳ෼ɺ๞͖΋ૣ͘ɺ௕ظతͳλʔήοτͱͯ͠։୓͍ͯ͘͠ͷ͸ඇৗʹ೉͍͠ɻ

     %*/,T૚ʢ˔˔ʣ ࣗ෼ͷ࣌ؒΛ๛͔ʹ͢ΔͨΊʹׂ͚Δ͕࣌ؒଟ͘ɺ ·ͨۚમతʹ΋༨༟͕͋Δ͜ͱ͕ଟ͘ඇৗʹ૬ੑΑ͍ɻ  ΞΫςΟϒγχΞ૚ʢ˔˔ʣ ΞΫςΠϒγχΞ૚͸1$΍εϚϗΛ׬શʹ࢖͍͜ͳ͍ͤͯΔ૚͕ଞͷηάϝϯτΑΓগͳ͍ͨΊվ ળޮՌ͸ඇৗʹେ͖͍ɻ ͨͩಋೖʹ͔͔Δίετ΋େ͖͘ଞͰ՝୊Λચ͍ग़͔ͯ͠Βͷ΄͏͕ྑ͍ͱߟ͑Δɻ ɾௐࠪ݁ՌΛ౿·͑%*/,T૚ΛϝΠϯλʔήοτͱͯ͠ݕ౼Λ͢͢ΊΔɻ ࣍ճ΁ͷ॓୊ࣄ߲ʢΞΫγϣϯϓϥϯʣ  %*/,T૚ϖϧιφ࡞੒ʢ˔˔ʣ %*/,T૚ͷϖϧιφ࡞੒ͷࡍʹஉঁͦΕͧΕͷଆͰͷ࡞੒͕๬·͍͠ɻ ·ͨൺֱͱ͍͏ҙຯͰ͸෉්ʹࢠڙҰਓͷύλʔϯ΋Ұͭ࡞ΔͱΑ͍ͷͰ͸ͳ͍͔ɻ  %*/,T૚΁ͷޮ཰తͳΞϓϩʔνͷબఆʢ˔˔ʣ %*/,T૚͸ωοτϝσΟΞͰ͸ԿΛಡΜͰ͍Δͷ͔ɻ৘ใऩू͸Ͳ͔͜Β͍ͯ͠Δͷ͔ɻීஈͷڵ ຯؔ৺͸Ͳͷ͋ͨΓʹ͋Δͷ͔ɻͳͲɻ  ෦௕ใࠂձʹ޲͚ͨใࠂࢿྉ࡞੒ʢ˔˔ˠ˔˔՝௕ʣ ࣍ճͷ෦௕ձͰ͸؅ঠ໾һ΋ࢀՃ༧ఆͷͨΊࠓ·ͰҎ্ʹࢿྉΛ࡞ΓࠐΉඞཁ͋Γɻ ·ͨਤΛଟ͘࢖͏ͱͱ΋ʹҰͭҰͭͷεϥΠυ͸୹͘੾Γ෼͚ͨ΋ͷ͕޷·ΕΔɻ IUUQTXXXEJHFTUFMZ[BBJ ୈࡾճɺ৽نӦۀઌ։୓ϓϩδΣΫτݕ౼ٞࣄ࿥͕೔ɺ։࠵͞ΕΔɻ ৽نλʔήοτީิௐࠪ಺༰ͷڞ༗ͱબఆɺ࣍ճ΁ͷ॓୊ࣄ߲ͷબఆɻ %*/,4૚ϖϧιφ࡞੒ɺ෦௕ใࠂձʹ޲͚ͨใࠂࢿྉ࡞੒ͳͲɻ ࣗಈཁ໿ r &-*;"%*(&45 ʙ ͜ͱ͹ͷ"*͸Ͳ͜·ͰਐԽ͔ͨ͠
  12. ΞϚϏΤʢྺ࢙తԾ໊ݣɿΞϚϏϭʣ͸ɺ೔ຊʹ఻ΘΔ൒ਓ൒ڕͷ༯ոɻޫً࢟͘Ͱւத͔ΒݱΕɺ๛࡞΍ӸපͳͲͷ ༧ݴΛ͢Δͱ఻͑ΒΕ͍ͯΔɻߐށ࣌୅ޙظͷංޙࠃʢݱɾ۽ຊݝʣʹݱΕͨͱ͍͏ɻ͜ͷ࿩͸ૠਤ෇͖Ͱנ൛ʹऔΓ ্͛ΒΕɺԕ͘ߐށʹ·Ͱ఻͑ΒΕͨɻ߂Խ೥݄த०ʢ೥্݄०ʣͷ͜ͱɺຖ໷ɺւதʹޫΔ෺ମ͕ग़຅ͯ͠ ͍ͨͨΊɺ໾ਓ͕ෝ͍ͨͱ͜ΖɺͦΕ͕࢟Λݱͨ͠ɻ࢟ܗʹ͍ͭͯݴ༿Ͱ͸ॻ͖ཹΊΒΕ͍ͯͳ͍͕ɺૠਤ͕ఴ͑ΒΕ ͍ͯΔɻ ͦͷऀ͸ɺ໾ਓʹରͯ͠ʮࢲ͸ւதʹॅΉΞϚϏΤͱਃ͢ऀͳΓʯͱ໊৐Γɺʮ౰೥ΑΓϲ೥ͷؒ͸ॾࠃͰ ๛࡞͕ଓ͕͘Ӹප΋ྲྀߦ͢Δɻࢲͷ࢟Λඳ͍ͨֆΛਓʑʹૣʑʹݟͤΑɻʯͱ༧ݴΊ͍ͨ͜ͱΛࠂ͛ɺւͷத΁ͱؼͬ ͯߦͬͨɻ೥୅͕ಛఆͰ͖Δ࠷ݹͷྫ͸ɺఱอ೥ʢ೥ʣͷӽޙࠃʢݱɾ৽ׁݝʣʹग़ݱͨ͠ʮւ඙ʢಡΈͷਪ ఆɿ͋·ͼ͜ʣʯΛهड़ͨ͠נ൛ʢʰ௶઒ຊʱͱ͍͏ɻ෱Ҫݝཱਤॻؗॴଂʣɺͦͷૠֆʹඳ͔Εͨւ඙͸ɺ಄͔Β͍ ͖ͳΓຊͷ଍͕ੜ͑ͨʢ಑ମͷͳ͍ʣܗঢ়ͰɺਓؒͷΑ͏ͳࣖΛ͠ɺ໨͸·Δ͘ɺޱ͕ಥग़͍ͯ͠Δɻͦͷ೥தʹ೔ຊ

    ਓޱͷׂͷࢮ໓Λ༧ݴ͠ɺͦͷ૾ͷֆࡳʹΑΔٹࡁΛ஧ࠂ͍ͯ͠Δɻ ΫΠζࣗಈੜ੒ r (PPHMF5 ʙ ɾࢿྉͱ౴͑ʹ͋ͬͨ໰୊จΛੜ੒͢Δ IUUQTDPMBCSFTFBSDIHPPHMFDPNHJUIVCTPOPJTBEFFQRVFTUJPOHFOFSBUJPOCMPCNBJOU@KBQBOFTF@RVFTUJPO@HFOFSBUJPOJQZOC ࢿྉ ౴͑ ංޙࠃʢݱɾ۽ຊݝʣ ߐށ࣌୅ͷͲͷࠃʹ ΞϚϏΤ͕ݱΕͨͷ Ͱ͔͢ ໰୊ ຊ ʮւ඙ʯʹ͸ ଍͕͍ͭ͘ ͋Γ·͔ͨ͠ ๛࡞΍ӸපͳͲ ΞϚϏΤ͸ւத͔Β ԿΛ༧ݴ͢Δͱ ݴΘΕ͍ͯ·͔͢ ໰୊ ໰୊ ౴͑ ౴͑ ͜ͱ͹ͷ"*͸Ͳ͜·ͰਐԽ͔ͨ͠
  13. ೥݄ݱࡏɼ '%"ঝೝ͞Εͨҩྍ"*ػثʹ ࣗવݴޠॲཧΛओػೳͱͨ͠΋ͷ͸ݟ͔ͭΒͳ͍ ˞੡඼ͷ  L 1SFNBSLFU/PUJGJDBUJPO4VNNBSZͷจॻதʹ MBOHVBHFQSPDFTTJOHPSUFYUNJOJOHΛؚΉ݅਺ ݅ ˞ػೳͷҰ෦ͱͯ͠ಡӨϨϙʔτ࡞੒ࢧԉΛᨳ͍ͬͯΔ΋ͷͳͲ͸͋Δ

    ྫ.&%05IZSPJE .&%0%91UF-UE IUUQTXXXGEBHPWNFEJDBMEFWJDFTTPGUXBSFNFEJDBMEFWJDFTBNEBSUJGJDJBMJOUFMMJHFODFBOENBDIJOFMFBSOJOHBJNMFOBCMFENFEJDBMEFWJDFT ͜ͱ͹ͷ"*͸Ͳ͜·Ͱҩྍʹߩݙ͍ͯ͠Δ͔
  14. ⁞ "*جૅٕज़ͷൃల "*ͷ࢓૊Έʹର͢Δཧ࿦తɾجૅతͳݚڀ   ը૾ॲཧࣗવݴޠॲཧͷൃల "*ݚڀ༻ͷඇҩྍσʔλΛ࢖ͬͨݚڀ ⁡ ҩྍݱ৔Ͱͷݕূ ҩྍݱ৔ʹ࣮ࡍʹߩݙ͢Δ͔Ͳ͏͔ʁ 3BKFTXBSBO

    "FUBM.FUB-FBSOJOHXJUI*NQMJDJU(SBEJFOUT/FVS*14  )BO)FUBM3FMBUJPO/FUXPSLTGPS0CKFDU%FUFDUJPO$713 4..D,JOOFZFUBM*OUFSOBUJPOBMFWBMVBUJPOPGBO"*TZTUFNGPSCSFBTUDBODFSTDSFFOJOH/BUVSF ⁢ ҩྍݱ৔΁ͷಋೖ ͜ͱ͹ͷ"*͸Ͳ͜·Ͱҩྍʹߩݙ͍ͯ͠Δ͔ ⁠ ҩྍσʔλͰͷݕূ ҩ༻ը૾΍ిࢠΧϧςΛՃ޻ͨ͠ެ։σʔλ΍ɼ ຊ෺ͷ୯ࢪઃʙଟࢪઃσʔλͰͷݚڀ ٕज़ྲྀೖʹ͸͕͔͔࣌ؒΔ
  15. ⁞ "*جૅٕज़ͷൃల "*ͷ࢓૊Έʹର͢Δཧ࿦తɾجૅతͳݚڀ   ը૾ॲཧࣗવݴޠॲཧͷൃల "*ݚڀ༻ͷඇҩྍσʔλΛ࢖ͬͨݚڀ ⁡ ҩྍݱ৔Ͱͷݕূ ҩྍݱ৔ʹ࣮ࡍʹߩݙ͢Δ͔Ͳ͏͔ʁ 3BKFTXBSBO

    "FUBM.FUB-FBSOJOHXJUI*NQMJDJU(SBEJFOUT/FVS*14  )BO)FUBM3FMBUJPO/FUXPSLTGPS0CKFDU%FUFDUJPO$713 4..D,JOOFZFUBM*OUFSOBUJPOBMFWBMVBUJPOPGBO"*TZTUFNGPSCSFBTUDBODFSTDSFFOJOH/BUVSF ⁢ ҩྍݱ৔΁ͷಋೖ ͜ͱ͹ͷ"*͸Ͳ͜·Ͱҩྍʹߩݙ͍ͯ͠Δ͔ ⁠ ҩྍσʔλͰͷݕূ ҩ༻ը૾΍ిࢠΧϧςΛՃ޻ͨ͠ެ։σʔλ΍ɼ ຊ෺ͷ୯ࢪઃʙଟࢪઃσʔλͰͷݚڀ ٕज़ྲྀೖʹ͸͕͔͔࣌ؒΔ
  16. ⁞ "*جૅٕज़ͷൃల "*ͷ࢓૊Έʹର͢Δཧ࿦తɾجૅతͳݚڀ   ը૾ॲཧࣗવݴޠॲཧͷൃల "*ݚڀ༻ͷඇҩྍσʔλΛ࢖ͬͨݚڀ ⁡ ҩྍݱ৔Ͱͷݕূ ҩྍݱ৔ʹ࣮ࡍʹߩݙ͢Δ͔Ͳ͏͔ʁ 3BKFTXBSBO

    "FUBM.FUB-FBSOJOHXJUI*NQMJDJU(SBEJFOUT/FVS*14  )BO)FUBM3FMBUJPO/FUXPSLTGPS0CKFDU%FUFDUJPO$713 4..D,JOOFZFUBM*OUFSOBUJPOBMFWBMVBUJPOPGBO"*TZTUFNGPSCSFBTUDBODFSTDSFFOJOH/BUVSF ⁢ ҩྍݱ৔΁ͷಋೖ ͜ͱ͹ͷ"*͸Ͳ͜·Ͱҩྍʹߩݙ͍ͯ͠Δ͔ ⁠ ҩྍσʔλͰͷݕূ ҩ༻ը૾΍ిࢠΧϧςΛՃ޻ͨ͠ެ։σʔλ΍ɼ ຊ෺ͷ୯ࢪઃʙଟࢪઃσʔλͰͷݚڀ ٕज़ྲྀೖʹ͸͕͔͔࣌ؒΔ
  17. ⁞ "*جૅٕज़ͷൃల "*ͷ࢓૊Έʹର͢Δཧ࿦తɾجૅతͳݚڀ   ը૾ॲཧࣗવݴޠॲཧͷൃల "*ݚڀ༻ͷඇҩྍσʔλΛ࢖ͬͨݚڀ ⁡ ҩྍݱ৔Ͱͷݕূ ҩྍݱ৔ʹ࣮ࡍʹߩݙ͢Δ͔Ͳ͏͔ʁ 3BKFTXBSBO

    "FUBM.FUB-FBSOJOHXJUI*NQMJDJU(SBEJFOUT/FVS*14  )BO)FUBM3FMBUJPO/FUXPSLTGPS0CKFDU%FUFDUJPO$713 4..D,JOOFZFUBM*OUFSOBUJPOBMFWBMVBUJPOPGBO"*TZTUFNGPSCSFBTUDBODFSTDSFFOJOH/BUVSF ⁢ ҩྍݱ৔΁ͷಋೖ ͜ͱ͹ͷ"*͸Ͳ͜·Ͱҩྍʹߩݙ͍ͯ͠Δ͔ ⁠ ҩྍσʔλͰͷݕূ ҩ༻ը૾΍ిࢠΧϧςΛՃ޻ͨ͠ެ։σʔλ΍ɼ ຊ෺ͷ୯ࢪઃʙଟࢪઃσʔλͰͷݚڀ ٕज़ྲྀೖʹ͸͕͔͔࣌ؒΔ
  18. ⁞ "*جૅٕज़ͷൃల "*ͷ࢓૊Έʹର͢Δཧ࿦తɾجૅతͳݚڀ   ը૾ॲཧࣗવݴޠॲཧͷൃల "*ݚڀ༻ͷඇҩྍσʔλΛ࢖ͬͨݚڀ ⁡ ҩྍݱ৔Ͱͷݕূ ҩྍݱ৔ʹ࣮ࡍʹߩݙ͢Δ͔Ͳ͏͔ʁ 3BKFTXBSBO

    "FUBM.FUB-FBSOJOHXJUI*NQMJDJU(SBEJFOUT/FVS*14  )BO)FUBM3FMBUJPO/FUXPSLTGPS0CKFDU%FUFDUJPO$713 4..D,JOOFZFUBM*OUFSOBUJPOBMFWBMVBUJPOPGBO"*TZTUFNGPSCSFBTUDBODFSTDSFFOJOH/BUVSF ⁢ ҩྍݱ৔΁ͷಋೖ ͜ͱ͹ͷ"*͸Ͳ͜·Ͱҩྍʹߩݙ͍ͯ͠Δ͔ ⁠ ҩྍσʔλͰͷݕূ ҩ༻ը૾΍ిࢠΧϧςΛՃ޻ͨ͠ެ։σʔλ΍ɼ ຊ෺ͷ୯ࢪઃʙଟࢪઃσʔλͰͷݚڀ ٕज़ྲྀೖʹ͸͕͔͔࣌ؒΔ
  19. ⁞ "*جૅٕज़ͷൃల "*ͷ࢓૊Έʹର͢Δཧ࿦తɾجૅతͳݚڀ   ը૾ॲཧࣗવݴޠॲཧͷൃల "*ݚڀ༻ͷඇҩྍσʔλΛ࢖ͬͨݚڀ ⁡ ҩྍݱ৔Ͱͷݕূ ҩྍݱ৔ʹ࣮ࡍʹߩݙ͢Δ͔Ͳ͏͔ʁ 3BKFTXBSBO

    "FUBM.FUB-FBSOJOHXJUI*NQMJDJU(SBEJFOUT/FVS*14  )BO)FUBM3FMBUJPO/FUXPSLTGPS0CKFDU%FUFDUJPO$713 4..D,JOOFZFUBM*OUFSOBUJPOBMFWBMVBUJPOPGBO"*TZTUFNGPSCSFBTUDBODFSTDSFFOJOH/BUVSF ⁢ ҩྍݱ৔΁ͷಋೖ ͜ͱ͹ͷ"*͸Ͳ͜·Ͱҩྍʹߩݙ͍ͯ͠Δ͔ ⁠ ҩྍσʔλͰͷݕূ ҩ༻ը૾΍ిࢠΧϧςΛՃ޻ͨ͠ެ։σʔλ΍ɼ ຊ෺ͷ୯ࢪઃʙଟࢪઃσʔλͰͷݚڀ ٕज़ྲྀೖʹ͸͕͔͔࣌ؒΔ
  20. ⁞ "*جૅٕज़ͷൃల "*ͷ࢓૊Έʹର͢Δཧ࿦తɾجૅతͳݚڀ   ը૾ॲཧࣗવݴޠॲཧͷൃల "*ݚڀ༻ͷඇҩྍσʔλΛ࢖ͬͨݚڀ ⁡ ҩྍݱ৔Ͱͷݕূ ҩྍݱ৔ʹ࣮ࡍʹߩݙ͢Δ͔Ͳ͏͔ʁ 3BKFTXBSBO

    "FUBM.FUB-FBSOJOHXJUI*NQMJDJU(SBEJFOUT/FVS*14  )BO)FUBM3FMBUJPO/FUXPSLTGPS0CKFDU%FUFDUJPO$713 4..D,JOOFZFUBM*OUFSOBUJPOBMFWBMVBUJPOPGBO"*TZTUFNGPSCSFBTUDBODFSTDSFFOJOH/BUVSF ⁢ ҩྍݱ৔΁ͷಋೖ ͜ͱ͹ͷ"*͸Ͳ͜·Ͱҩྍʹߩݙ͍ͯ͠Δ͔ ⁠ ҩྍσʔλͰͷݕূ ҩ༻ը૾΍ిࢠΧϧςΛՃ޻ͨ͠ެ։σʔλ΍ɼ ຊ෺ͷ୯ࢪઃʙଟࢪઃσʔλͰͷݚڀ ٕज़ྲྀೖʹ͸͕͔͔࣌ؒΔ ޻ֶܥ ݚڀऀ ҩֶܥ ݚڀऀ
  21. ⁞ "*جૅٕज़ͷൃల "*ͷ࢓૊Έʹର͢Δཧ࿦తɾجૅతͳݚڀ   ը૾ॲཧࣗવݴޠॲཧͷൃల "*ݚڀ༻ͷඇҩྍσʔλΛ࢖ͬͨݚڀ ⁡ ҩྍݱ৔Ͱͷݕূ ҩྍݱ৔ʹ࣮ࡍʹߩݙ͢Δ͔Ͳ͏͔ʁ 3BKFTXBSBO

    "FUBM.FUB-FBSOJOHXJUI*NQMJDJU(SBEJFOUT/FVS*14  )BO)FUBM3FMBUJPO/FUXPSLTGPS0CKFDU%FUFDUJPO$713 4..D,JOOFZFUBM*OUFSOBUJPOBMFWBMVBUJPOPGBO"*TZTUFNGPSCSFBTUDBODFSTDSFFOJOH/BUVSF ⁢ ҩྍݱ৔΁ͷಋೖ ͜ͱ͹ͷ"*͸Ͳ͜·Ͱҩྍʹߩݙ͍ͯ͠Δ͔ ⁠ ҩྍσʔλͰͷݕূ ҩ༻ը૾΍ిࢠΧϧςΛՃ޻ͨ͠ެ։σʔλ΍ɼ ຊ෺ͷ୯ࢪઃʙଟࢪઃσʔλͰͷݚڀ ٕज़ྲྀೖʹ͸͕͔͔࣌ؒΔ ·ͩϋʔυϧ͕ߴ͍ ͜ͷݚڀ͸׆ൃ
  22. ͜ͱ͹ͷ"*͸Ͳ͜·Ͱҩྍʹߩݙ͍ͯ͠Δ͔ ྫɿಡӨϨϙʔτͷࣗಈੜ੒ "*ݚڀɿΩϟϓγϣϯੜ੒λεΫ ɾຕͷը૾͔Β୹จΛੜ੒ ɾݫີ͞͸͞΄Ͳ໰ΘΕͳ͍ ์ࣹઢՊҩϨϕϧͷಡӨϨϙʔτ࡞੒ ɾຕʙଟ਺ͷը૾͔Β ɾ೥ྸ ੑผ ྟচ৘ใ

    աڈը૾΋Έͯ௕จΛੜ੒ ɾ಺༰ͷݫີ͕͞ٻΊΒΕΔ ϋʔυϧ͕ߴ͍ :1BOFUBM.FE8SJUFS,OPXMFEHF"XBSF.FEJDBM5FYU(FOFSBUJPO*OQSPDFFEJOHTPGUIFUI*OUFSOBUJPOBM$POGFSFODFPO$PNQVUBUJPOBM-JOHVJTUJDT $0-*/( 
  23. :1BOFUBM.FE8SJUFS,OPXMFEHF"XBSF.FEJDBM5FYU(FOFSBUJPO*OQSPDFFEJOHTPGUIFUI*OUFSOBUJPOBM$POGFSFODFPO$PNQVUBUJPOBM-JOHVJTUJDT $0-*/(  ͜ͱ͹ͷ"*͸Ͳ͜·Ͱҩྍʹߩݙ͍ͯ͠Δ͔ ྫɿಡӨϨϙʔτͷࣗಈੜ੒ "*ݚڀɿΩϟϓγϣϯੜ੒λεΫ ɾຕͷը૾͔Β୹จΛੜ੒ ɾݫີ͞͸͞΄Ͳ໰ΘΕͳ͍ ์ࣹઢՊҩϨϕϧͷಡӨϨϙʔτ࡞੒ ɾຕʙଟ਺ͷը૾͔Β

    ɾ೥ྸ ੑผ ྟচ৘ใ աڈը૾΋Έͯ௕จΛੜ੒ ɾ಺༰ͷݫີ͕͞ٻΊΒΕΔ ϋʔυϧ͕ߴ͍ ϋʔυϧΛएׯԼ͛Δ ҩྍσʔλͰͷݕূ ɾຕʙଟ਺ͷը૾͔Β ɾ೥ྸ ੑผ ྟচ৘ใ աڈը૾΋Έͯ௕จΛੜ੒ ɾ಺༰ͷݫີ͞͸͋Δఔ౓ଥڠ͢Δ
  24. ࣗಈείΞϦϯά ɾ৺๪ࡉಈױऀͷΧϧς͔Β೴ߎ࠹ϦεΫ $)" %4 7"4D ΍ ग़݂ϦεΫ )"4#-&% Λࣗಈ൑ఆ ɾ$)"

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  25. ͜ͱ͹ͷ"*Λ΋ͬͱҩྍʹ׆͔ͨ͢Ίʹ͸ ͭͷղܾࡦ ʹ 4IBSFEUBTL ɾҩྍݱ৔ͷχʔζʹ߹ͬͨ໰୊ઃఆΛͯ͠σʔλΛ࡞੒ɾެ։͠ɼ ޿͘ݚڀऀ͔Βղ๏Λืू͢Δ ӳޠ ɾ/BUJPOBM/-1$MJOJDBM$IBMMFOHFT OD CZ)BSWBSE.FEJDBM4DIPPM

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  26. ͜ͱ͹ͷ"*Λ΋ͬͱҩྍʹ׆͔ͨ͢Ίʹ͸ ·ͩ೔ຊࠃ಺ͷݚڀऀ͕গͳ͘ɼख෇͔ͣͷςʔϚ͕ଟ͍ ֶज़ػؔ ҩֶ ɾ౦େපӃ ์ࣹઢՊ ΠϝʔδϥϘ ɾ౦େපӃ ҩྍ"*։ൃֶߨ࠲ ɾ౦େපӃ

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