Everything you always wanted to know about forms* *but were afraid to ask

La componente dei Form di Symfony2 rende possibile la costruzione di diverse tipologie di form in modo del tutto semplice. La sua architettura flessibile e altamente scalabile permette di poter gestire strutture adatte ad ogni tipo di esigenza. Tuttavia, conoscere come utilizzare appieno tutta la sua potenza non è banale. In questo talk verrà trattato in profondità la componente Form di Symfony2, mostrando i suoi meccanismi di base e come utilizzarli per estenderli ed introdurre la propria logica di business, così da costruire form cuciti a misura delle tue necessità.

1. SYMFONYDAY 2013 Everything you always wanted to know about forms* *but were afraid to ask @bit_shark Andrea Giuliano
2. Tree Abstract Data Structure
3. Andrea Giuliano @bit_shark … collection of nodes each of which has an associated value and a list of children connected to their parents by means of an edge Tree: Abstract data Type
4. Andrea Giuliano @bit_shark Symfony Forms are trees Form Form Form Form Form
5. Andrea Giuliano @bit_shark Example: a meeting form
6. Andrea Giuliano @bit_shark Let’s create it with Symfony namespace MyApp\MyBundle\Form;! ! use Symfony\Component\Form\AbstractType;! use Symfony\Component\Form\FormBuilderInterface;! use Symfony\Component\OptionsResolver\OptionsResolverInterface;! ! class MeetingType extends AbstractType! {! public function buildForm(FormBuilderInterface $builder, array $option)! {! $builder->add('name', 'string');! $builder->add('when', 'date');! $builder->add('featured', 'checkbox');! }! ! public function getName()! {! return 'meeting';! }! }
7. Andrea Giuliano @bit_shark Meeting form Symfony’s point of view
8. Andrea Giuliano @bit_shark $builder->add('name', 'string') Meeting form Name string Symfony’s point of view
9. Andrea Giuliano @bit_shark $builder->add('when', 'date') Meeting form Name string Date date Month choice Day choice Year choice Symfony’s point of view
10. Andrea Giuliano @bit_shark Meeting form Name string Date date Month choice Day choice Year choice Symfony’s point of view $builder->add('featured', 'checkbox') Featured checkbox
11. Data format
12. Andrea Giuliano @bit_shark class Form implements \IteratorAggregate, FormInterface! {! [...]! ! /**! * The form data in model format! */! private $modelData;! ! /**! * The form data in normalized format! */! private $normData;! ! /**! * The form data in view format! */! private $viewData;! } Data format
13. Andrea Giuliano @bit_shark How the information is represented in the application model Data format Model Data Norm Data View Data
14. Andrea Giuliano @bit_shark Data format Model Data Norm Data View Data How the information is represented in the view domain
15. Andrea Giuliano @bit_shark Data format Model Data Norm Data View Data ???
16. Andrea Giuliano @bit_shark $builder->add('when', 'date') widget View Data choice array single_text string input Model Data string string datetime DateTime array array timestamp integer Meeting form Date date Model Data and View Data
17. Andrea Giuliano @bit_shark widget View Data choice array single_text string input Model Data string string datetime DateTime array array timestamp integer Meeting form Date date Model Data and View Data What $form->getData() will return?
18. Andrea Giuliano @bit_shark Which format would you like to play with in your application logic? $form->getNormData() Normalized Data
19. Data Transformers
20. Andrea Giuliano @bit_shark Data transformers class BooleanToStringTransformer implements DataTransformerInterface! {! private $trueValue;! ! public function __construct($trueValue)! {! $this->trueValue = $trueValue;! }! ! public function transform($value)! {! if (null === $value) {! return null;! }! ! if (!is_bool($value)) {! throw new TransformationFailedException('Expected a Boolean.');! }! ! return $value ? $this->trueValue : null;! }! ! public function reverseTransform($value)! {! if (null === $value) {! return false;! }! ! if (!is_string($value)) {! throw new TransformationFailedException('Expected a string.');! }! ! return true;! }! }
21. Andrea Giuliano @bit_shark Model Data Norm Data View Data Model Data Norm Data View Data transform() transform() reverseTransform() reverseTransform() Model Transformer View Transformer Data transformers
22. Andrea Giuliano @bit_shark Data transformers class MeetingType extends AbstractType! {! public function buildForm(FormBuilderInterface $builder, array $option)! {! $transformer = new MyDataTransformer();! ! $builder->add('name', 'string');! $builder->add('when', 'date')->addModelTransformer($transformer);! $builder->add('featured', 'checkbox');! }! ! public function getName()! {! return 'meeting';! }! }! Add a ModelTransformer or a ViewTransformer
23. Andrea Giuliano @bit_shark Data transformers class MeetingType extends AbstractType! {! public function buildForm(FormBuilderInterface $builder, array $option)! {! $transformer = new MyDataTransformer(/*AnAwesomeDependence*/);! ! $builder->add('name', 'string');! $builder->add('when', 'date')->addModelTransformer($transformer);! $builder->add('featured', 'checkbox');! }! ! public function getName()! {! return 'meeting';! }! }! in case of dependencies?
24. Andrea Giuliano @bit_shark
25. Andrea Giuliano @bit_shark Data transformers Use it by creating your own type <service id="dnsee.type.my_text" ! class="Dnsee\MyBundle\Form\Type\MyTextType">! <argument type="service" id="dnsee.my_awesome_manager"/>! <tag name="form.type" alias="my_text" />! </service>
26. Andrea Giuliano @bit_shark Data transformers Use it by creating your own type class MyTextType extends AbstractType! {! private $myManager;! ! public function __construct(MyManager $manager)! {! $this->myManager = $manager;! }! ! public function buildForm(FormBuilderInterface $builder, array $options)! {! $transformer = new MyTransformer($this->manager);! $builder->addModelTransformer($transformer);! }! ! public function getParent()! {! return 'text';! }! ! public function getName()! {! return 'my_text';! }! }!
27. Andrea Giuliano @bit_shark Data transformers class MeetingType extends AbstractType! {! public function buildForm(FormBuilderInterface $builder, array $option)! {! $builder->add('name', 'my_text');! $builder->add('when', 'date');! $builder->add('featured', 'checkbox');! }! ! public function getName()! {! return 'meeting';! }! }! use my_text as a standard type
28. Andrea Giuliano @bit_shark Remember Data Transformers transforms data representation Don’t use them to change data information
29. Events
30. Andrea Giuliano @bit_shark To change data information use form events Events
31. Andrea Giuliano @bit_shark class FacebookSubscriber implements EventSubscriberInterface! {! public static function getSubscribedEvents()! {! return array(FormEvents::PRE_SET_DATA => 'preSetData');! }! ! public function preSetData(FormEvent $event)! {! $data = $event->getData();! $form = $event->getForm();! ! if (null === $data) {! return;! }! ! if (!$data->getFacebookId()) {! $form->add('username');! $form->add('password');! }! }! } Events
32. Andrea Giuliano @bit_shark class RegistrationType extends AbstractType! {! public function buildForm(FormBuilderInterface $builder, array $options)! {! $builder->add('name');! $builder->add('surname');! ! $builder->addEventSubscriber(new FacebookSubscriber());! }! ! public function getName()! {! return 'registration';! }! ! ...! ! } Events add it to your type
33. Andrea Giuliano @bit_shark class RegistrationForm extends AbstractType! {! public function buildForm(FormBuilderInterface $builder, array $options)! {! $builder->add('name');! $builder->add('surname');! ! $builder->get('surname')->addEventListener(! FormEvents::BIND,! function(FormEvent $event){! $event->setData(ucwords($event->getData()))! }! );! }! ! public function getName()! {! return 'registration';! }! } Events
34. Andrea Giuliano @bit_shark PRE_SET_DATA Events Model Norm View $form->setData($symfonyDay); meeting [Form] POST_SET_DATA child
35. Andrea Giuliano @bit_shark POST_BIND Events Model Norm View meeting [Form] child $form->handleRequest($request); PRE_BIND BIND
36. Test
37. Andrea Giuliano @bit_shark namespace Acme\TestBundle\Tests\Form\Type;! ! use Dnsee\EventBundle\Form\Type\EventType;! use Dnsee\EventBundle\Model\EventObject;! use Symfony\Component\Form\Test\TypeTestCase;! ! class MeetingTypeTest extends TypeTestCase! {! public function testSubmitValidData()! {! $formData = array(! 'name' => 'SymfonyDay',! 'date' => '2013-10-18',! 'featured' => true,! );! ! $type = new TestedType();! $form = $this->factory->create($type);! ! $object = new TestObject();! $object->fromArray($formData);! ! // submit the data to the form directly! $form->submit($formData);! ! $this->assertTrue($form->isSynchronized());! $this->assertEquals($object, $form->getData());! ! $view = $form->createView();! $children = $view->children;! ! foreach (array_keys($formData) as $key) {! $this->assertArrayHasKey($key, $children);! }! }! } Test
38. Andrea Giuliano @bit_shark namespace Acme\TestBundle\Tests\Form\Type;! ! use Dnsee\EventBundle\Form\Type\EventType;! use Dnsee\EventBundle\Model\Event;! use Symfony\Component\Form\Test\TypeTestCase;! ! class MeetingTypeTest extends TypeTestCase! {! public function testSubmitValidData()! {! $formData = array(! 'name' => 'SymfonyDay',! 'when' => '2013-10-18',! 'featured' => true,! );! ! $type = new EventType();! $form = $this->factory->create($type);! ! $event = new Event();! $event->fromArray($formData);! ! [...]! Test decide the data to be submitted
39. Andrea Giuliano @bit_shark namespace Acme\TestBundle\Tests\Form\Type;! ! use Dnsee\EventBundle\Form\Type\EventType;! use Dnsee\EventBundle\Model\EventObject;! use Symfony\Component\Form\Test\TypeTestCase;! ! class MeetingTypeTest extends TypeTestCase! {! public function testSubmitValidData()! {! ! [...]! ! $form->submit($formData);! ! $this->assertTrue($form->isSynchronized());! $this->assertEquals($object, $form->getData());! ! [...]! ! Test test data transformers
40. Andrea Giuliano @bit_shark namespace Acme\TestBundle\Tests\Form\Type;! ! use Acme\TestBundle\Form\Type\TestedType;! use Acme\TestBundle\Model\TestObject;! use Symfony\Component\Form\Test\TypeTestCase;! ! class MeetingTypeTest extends TypeTestCase! {! public function testSubmitValidData()! {! ! [...]! ! $view = $form->createView();! $children = $view->children;! ! foreach (array_keys($formData) as $key) {! $this->assertArrayHasKey($key, $children);! }! }! }! Test test form view creation
41. Andrea Giuliano @bit_shark namespace Acme\TestBundle\Tests\Form\Type;! ! use Dnsee\EventBundle\Form\Type\EventType;! use Dnsee\EventBundle\Model\EventObject;! use Symfony\Component\Form\Test\TypeTestCase;! ! class MeetingTypeTest extends TypeTestCase! {! protected function getExtensions()! {! $myCustomType = new MyCustomType();! return array(new PreloadedExtension(array(! $myCustomType->getName() => $customType,! ), array()));! }! ! public function testSubmitValidData()! {! [...]! }! } Test
42. Andrea Giuliano @bit_shark namespace Acme\TestBundle\Tests\Form\Type;! ! use Dnsee\EventBundle\Form\Type\EventType;! use Dnsee\EventBundle\Model\EventObject;! use Symfony\Component\Form\Test\TypeTestCase;! ! class MeetingTypeTest extends TypeTestCase! {! protected function getExtensions()! {! $myCustomType = new MyCustomType();! return array(new PreloadedExtension(array(! $myCustomType->getName() => $customType,! ), array()));! }! ! public function testSubmitValidData()! {! [...]! }! } Test Test your custom type FIRST
43. ?
44. Andrea Giuliano @bit_shark http://joind.in/9784
45. References https://speakerdeck.com/webmozart/symfony2-form-tricks http://www.flickr.com/photos/yahya/132963781/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/lutherankorean/2694858251/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/lauroroger/8808985531/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/gifake/4643253235/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/zorin-denu/5222189908/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/aigle_dore/10014783623/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/skosoris/4985591296/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/sharynmorrow/248647126/