Introduction to Django

Transcript

1. Django
   Webmardi - 03.04.2012
   @brutasse
   

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2. $ whoami
   

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3. “Django is a high-level Python Web framework
   that encourages rapid development and
   clean, pragmatic design”
   

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6. Théorie
   

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7. Real-world app: Cheese catalog
   Like / dislike cheeses
   Twitter authentication
   

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8. $ pip install Django
   http://www.pip-installer.org
   

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9. $ django-admin.py startproject webmardi
   webmardi/
   ├── manage.py
   └── webmardi
   ├── __init__.py
   ├── settings.py
   ├── urls.py
   └── wsgi.py
   

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10. manage.py
    Project toolbox
    

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11. $ python manage.py startpapp cheese
    cheese/
    ├── __init__.py
    ├── models.py
    ├── tests.py
    └── views.py
    

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12. Models
    ORM
    

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13. from django.db import models
    from ..users.models import User
    class Cheese(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=255)
    image = models.ImageField(upload_to='cheese')
    description = models.TextField()
    class Taste(models.Model):
    cheese = models.ForeignKey(Cheese, related_name='tastes')
    user = models.ForeignKey(User)
    like = models.BooleanField(default=True)
    class Meta:
    unique_together = ('cheese', 'user')
    

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14. Admin
    Customizable edition interface
    

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15. from django.contrib import admin
    from .models import Cheese, Taste
    class CheeseAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    list_display = ('name', 'image')
    class TasteAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    list_display = ('cheese', 'user', 'like')
    admin.site.register(Cheese, CheeseAdmin)
    admin.site.register(Taste, TasteAdmin)
    

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16. Views
    Request handling
    

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17. from django.template.response import TemplateResponse
    from .models import Cheese, Taste
    def cheese_list(request):
    context = {
    'cheeses': Cheese.objects.all(),
    }
    return TemplateResponse(request,
    'cheese_list.html',
    context)
    

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18. URLs
    HTTP routing
    

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19. from django.conf.urls import patterns, url
    from . import views
    urlpatterns = patterns('',
    url(r'^$', views.cheese_list, name='cheese_list'),
    url(r'^cheese/(?P\d+)/$',
    views.cheese_detail, name='cheese_detail'),
    url(r'^cheese/(?P\d+)/like/$',
    views.like_cheese, name='like_cheese'),
    url(r'^cheese/(?P\d+)/dislike/$',
    views.dislike_cheese, name='dislike_cheese'),
    url(r'^cheese/add/$', views.add_cheese, name='add_cheese'),
    )
    

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20. Templates
    

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21. 
    
    
    {% block title %}{% endblock %}
    
    
    {% block content %}{% endblock %}
    
    
    

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22. 
    {% extends "base.html" %}
    {% load thumbnail markup %}
    {% block title %}Cheese types{% endblock %}
    {% block content %}
    {% for cheese in cheeses %}
    {{ cheese.name }}
    
    {{ cheese.description|markdown }}
    {% endfor %}
    {% endblock %}
    

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23. Tests
    Untested code is by definition broken
    

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24. from django.core.urlresolvers import reverse
    from django.test import TestCase
    class CheeseTest(TestCase):
    def test_home(self):
    url = reverse('cheese_list')
    response = self.client.get(url)
    self.assertContains(response, 'Cheese')
    

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25. Forms
    Input validation / sanitization
    rendering
    

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26. from django import forms
    from .models import Cheese
    class CheeseForm(forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
    model = Cheese
    

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27. GIS
    Cryptographic signing
    Browser testing
    i18n
    Flash messages
    Atom/RSS
    Email
    Cache
    Storage
    Logging
    Unicode
    Comments
    

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28. Search
    Error reporting
    HTML5 forms
    Database migrations
    CMS
    REST API
    Background tasks
    Debugging
    There's an app for that
    

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29. Questions‽
    Thanks @liip
    Code: https://github.com/brutasse/webmardi
    Slides: http://speakerdeck.com/u/brutasse
    

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