Everything About Bluetooth (淺談藍牙 4.0) - Peripheral 篇

2016.01.22 @ Android Taipei
講解 Bluetooth 的 GATT 的概念，並以 Android 實作
Example code:
Peripheral - BLE CPU Temp
https://github.com/j796160836/Ble-CPUTemp-Android
Central - BLE Temperature Receiver
https://github.com/j796160836/BleTemperatureReceiver-Android

Transcript

1. EVERYTHING ABOUT BLUETOOTH Johnny Sung 02. Peripheral mode in Android
2. https://fb.com/j796160836 Johnny Sung Mobile devices Developer https://plus.google.com/+JohnnySung http://about.me/j796160836
5. (Samsung S6 Edge) Peripheral Central (LG Nexus 5)
6. 8)"5
   *4
   #-&
7. 2.0 2.0 + 4.0 Dual Mode 4.0 Bluetooth SMART READY Bluetooth Bluetooth SMART
8. Bluetooth low energy Protocol Stack
9. • Peripheral
   
   ヰ鼹酤縨 • Central • Broadcaster • Observer GAP Roles
10. Peripheral Central
11. Peripheral Central
12. Peripheral Central
13. GATT
14. • Service • Characteristic • Data • Descriptor GATT
15. • Heart Rate Service • Heart Rate Measurement • Data • Descriptor 00002A37-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB GATT Heart Rate Monitor 0000180D-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB Property: Notify
16. Property: Indicate • Health Thermometer • Temperature Measurement • Data • Descriptor GATT Health Thermometer 00001809-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB 00002A1C-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB
17. • Read • Write • Notify • Indicate Characteristic Properties
18. UUID 00002A37-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB 0x2A37 Heart Rate Measurement
19. • an indicate operation is identical to a notify operation except that indications are acknowledged, while notifications are not. Notify vs Indicate http://mbientlab.com/blog/bluetooth-low-energy-introduction/
20. https://developer.bluetooth.org/gatt/services/Pages/ServiceViewer.aspx? u=org.bluetooth.service.health_thermometer.xml
25. Property: Indicate • Health Thermometer • Temperature Measurement • Data • Descriptor GATT Health Thermometer 00001809-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB 00002A1C-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB
26. *.1-&.&/5
    
    */
    
    "/%30*%
27. • Central • Android 4.3 (API Level 18) • Peripheral • Android 5.0 (API Level 21) • Specific BLE chip Requirement in Android
28. What? Specific BLE chip ?
29. http://altbeacon.github.io/android-beacon-library/beacon-transmitter-devices.html
30. BluetoothManager manager = (BluetoothManager) getSystemService(Context.BLUETOOTH_SERVICE);
 BluetoothAdapter adapter = manager.getAdapter();
 
 adapter.isMultipleAdvertisementSupported(); Check if devices support Peripheral mode
32. PERIPHERAL
33. <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH"/>
 <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN"/>
 
 <uses-feature
 android:name="android.hardware.bluetooth_le"
 android:required="true"/> Bluetooth
    QFSNJTTJPOT "OESPJE.BOJGFTUYNM
34. Bluetooth
    QFSNJTTJPOT $IFDL
    TZTUFN
    GFBUVSF getPackageManager().hasSystemFeature(PackageManager.FEATURE_BLUETOOTH_LE) @Override
 public void onActivityResult(int requestCode , int resultCode, Intent data) {
 if (requestCode == REQUEST_ENABLE_BT) {
 if (resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK) {
 // Bluetooth has turned on
 } else {
 // User did not enable Bluetooth or an error occurred
 }
 }
 } Intent enableIntent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);
 startActivityForResult(enableIntent, REQUEST_ENABLE_BT); 3FRVFTU
    UP
    FOBCMF
    #MVFUPPUI
35. BluetoothGattService hrmService = new BluetoothGattService(SERVICE_HEALTH_THERMOMETER_UUID,
 BluetoothGattService.SERVICE_TYPE_PRIMARY); BluetoothGattCharacteristic tempChar =
 new BluetoothGattCharacteristic(CHAR_TEMP_UUID, BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_INDICATE, BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PERMISSION_READ); tempChar.addDescriptor(new BluetoothGattDescriptor(
 UUID.fromString("00002902-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb"),
 (BluetoothGattDescriptor.PERMISSION_READ | BluetoothGattDescriptor.PERMISSION_WRITE))); 
 hrmService.addCharacteristic(tempChar); 1SFQBSF
    TFSWJDF
    TUSVDUVSF Health Thermometer 2A1C 1809
36. AdvertiseData.Builder datas = new AdvertiseData.Builder();
 AdvertiseSettings.Builder settings = new AdvertiseSettings.Builder();
 
 datas.addServiceUuid(new ParcelUuid(hrmService.getUuid()));
 BluetoothLeAdvertiser advertiser = adapter.getBluetoothLeAdvertiser();
 advertiser.startAdvertising(settings.build(), datas.build(), advertiseCallback); BluetoothManager manager = (BluetoothManager) getSystemService(Context.BLUETOOTH_SERVICE);
 BluetoothAdapter adapter = bluetoothManager.getAdapter(); BluetoothGattServer gattServer = manager.openGattServer(context, gattServerCallback); gattServer.addService(hrmService); 0QFO
    TFSWFS "EWFSUJTF
    UP
    PUIFST
37. AdvertiseCallback advertiseCallback = new AdvertiseCallback() {
 @Override
 public void onStartSuccess(AdvertiseSettings settingsInEffect) {
 // ...
 }
 
 @Override
 public void onStartFailure(int errorCode) {
 // ...
 }
 }; "EWFSUJTF
    DBMMCBDL
38. private HashSet<BluetoothDevice> bleDevices = new HashSet<>(); 
 private final BluetoothGattServerCallback gattServerCallback = new BluetoothGattServerCallback() {
 @Override
 public void onConnectionStateChange(BluetoothDevice device, int status, int newState) {
 super.onConnectionStateChange(device, status, newState);
 if (status == BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS) {
 if (newState == BluetoothGatt.STATE_CONNECTED) {
 // Connect
 bleDevices.add(device);
 } else if (newState == BluetoothGatt.STATE_DISCONNECTED) {
 // Disconnect
 bleDevices.remove(device);
 }
 } else {
 // Disconnect with error
 bleDevices.remove(device);
 }
 }
 // ... (略)
 }; )BOEMF
    EFWJDF
    DPOOFDU
39. private final BluetoothGattServerCallback gattServerCallback = new BluetoothGattServerCallback() { 
 // ... (略)
 
 @Override
 public void onCharacteristicReadRequest(BluetoothDevice device, int requestId, int offset, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) {
 // ... gattServer.sendResponse(device, requestId, BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS,
 offset, characteristic.getValue());
 }
 
 // ... (略)
 }; 3FBEJOH
    $IBSBDUFSJTUJD
40. 8SJUJOH
    $IBSBDUFSJTUJD http://developer.android.com/reference/android/bluetooth/ BluetoothGattServerCallback.html#onCharacteristicWriteRequest(android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice, int, android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCharacteristic, boolean, boolean, int, byte[]) private final BluetoothGattServerCallback gattServerCallback = new BluetoothGattServerCallback() {
 // ... (略)
 @Override
 public void onCharacteristicWriteRequest(BluetoothDevice device, int requestId, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, boolean preparedWrite, boolean responseNeeded,
 int offset, byte[] value) {
 // ...
 ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(value);
 buffer.order(ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN); 
 characteristic.setValue(buffer.getInt(),
 BluetoothGattCharacteristic.FORMAT_UINT16, 0);
 
 if (responseNeeded) {
 gattServer.sendResponse(device, requestId, BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS, 0, null);
 }
 } // ... (略)
 };
41. private final BluetoothGattServerCallback mGattServerCallback = new BluetoothGattServerCallback() {
 // ... (略)
 @Override
 public void onDescriptorWriteRequest(BluetoothDevice device, int requestId, BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor, boolean preparedWrite, boolean responseNeeded,
 int offset, byte[] value) { 
 super.onDescriptorWriteRequest(device, requestId, descriptor, preparedWrite, responseNeeded, offset, value);
 if (responseNeeded) {
 gattServer.sendResponse(device, requestId, BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS, 0, null);
 }
 } // ... (略)
 }; 8SJUJOH
    %FTDSJQUPS
42. public void sendNotificationToDevices( BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) {
 boolean indicate = (characteristic.getProperties()
 & BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_INDICATE)
 == BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_INDICATE;
 for (BluetoothDevice device : bleDevices) {
 gattServer.notifyCharacteristicChanged(device, characteristic, indicate);
 }
 } 4FOE
    $IBSBDUFSJTUJD
    /PUJGZ
    
43. Q&A
44. ADDITIONAL SLIDES
45. The story About Nexus 5
46. http://altbeacon.github.io/android-beacon-library/beacon-transmitter-devices.html
48. https://code.google.com/p/android-developer-preview/issues/detail?id=1570
49. We introduced BLE peripheral mode in Android 5.0 Lollipop. Nexus 6 and Nexus 9 are the first two production Nexus devices that support BLE peripheral mode. Due to hardware chipset dependency, older Nexus devices (4/5/7) will not have access to the feature on Lollipop. #52 Won’t Fix