The new features of PHP 5.6 - Webinar

PHP 5.6 - The new features
1
Webinar - 9 sep 2014
dinsdag 9 september 14

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Joshua Thijssen
Netherlands
Consultant and trainer @ TechAdemy
Founder of TechAnalyze.io
Author of PHP|Architect's "Mastering the SPL"
Blog: http://adayinthelifeof.nl
Email: [email protected]
Twitter: @jaytaph

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Offers workshops, training and consultancy:
PHP
Symfony2
Infrastructure + ops

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Tech nalyze
Assess technical skills automatically:
PHP, Symfony2, Scrum
-
HTML5/CSS3
Javascript / JQuery

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PHP 5.6
5
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PHP#cite_note-releaseprocess-50

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PHP 5.6
➡ PHP 5.3 EOL 14 august 2014
5

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PHP 5.6
➡ PHP 5.5 EOL 20 june 2016
5

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How to get it?
➡ http://blog.famillecollet.com/pages/
Config-en
➡ https://launchpad.net/~ondrej/
+archive/ubuntu/php5-5.6
➡ http://windows.php.net/download/
➡ http://php-osx.liip.ch/
6

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BC breaks?
7

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BC breaks?
➡ minor
7

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BC breaks?
➡ minor
➡ SSL Peer verification
7

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BC breaks?
➡ minor
➡ SSL Peer verification
➡ some array niches
7

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1 2
3 class C
4 {
5 const ONE = 1;
6
7 public $a = array(
8 self::ONE => 'foo',
9 'bar',
10 'baz',
11 );
12 }
13
14 $c = new C();
15 var_dump($c->a);
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PHP 5.5 - 5.6 compatibility break

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1 2
3 class C
4 {
5 const ONE = 1;
6
9 'bar',
10 'baz',
11 );
12 }
13
14 $c = new C();
15 var_dump($c->a);
8
1 array(2) {
2 [0] =>
3 string(3) "bar"
4 [1] =>
5 string(3) "baz"
6 }
php 5.5

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1 2
3 class C
4 {
5 const ONE = 1;
6
9 'bar',
10 'baz',
11 );
12 }
13
14 $c = new C();
15 var_dump($c->a);
8
1 array(2) {
2 [0] =>
3 string(3) "bar"
4 [1] =>
5 string(3) "baz"
6 }
php 5.5
1 array(3) {
2 [1]=>
3 string(3) "foo"
4 [2]=>
5 string(3) "bar"
6 [3]=>
7 string(3) "baz"
8 }
php 5.6

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Upgrading to php5.6
➡ From 5.5: just read the migration guide
➡ http://php.net/manual/en/
migration56.php
➡ From 5.3: read the 5.4, 5.5 and 5.6
migration guides.
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What's new in PHP 5.6?
➡ Constant scalar
expressions
➡ Variadic
functions
➡ Argument
unpacking
➡ Exponentation
➡ Use function /
Use const
➡ GMP operator
overloading
➡ __debuginfo()
➡ SSL peer
verification

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Constant scalar
expressions
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➡ Use simple expressions to deﬁne constants.
➡ Evaluated during compile time, not runtime.

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1 2
3 class C
4 {
5 const BASE_LEVEL = 100;
6
7 const CONST_ONE = self::BASE_LEVEL + 1;
8 const CONST_TWO = self::BASE_LEVEL + 2;
9 const CONST_THREE = self::BASE_LEVEL + 3;
10 const CONST_FOUR = self::BASE_LEVEL + 4;
11 }
12
13
Constant expressions

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1 2
3 class C
4 {
5 const VALID = 1;
6 const CHECKED = 2;
7 const IN_SYNC = 512;
8 const PRIORITY = 4096;
9 }
10
14
Cleaner bitwise constants

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1 2
3 class C
4 {
5 const VALID = 1;
6 const CHECKED = 2;
7 const IN_SYNC = 512;
8 const PRIORITY = 4096;
9 }
10
14
1 2
3 class C
4 {
5 const VALID = 1 << 0;
6 const CHECKED = 1 << 1;
7 const IN_SYNC = 1 << 9;
8 const PRIORITY = 1 << 12;
9 }
Cleaner bitwise constants

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➡ You can't use:
➡ function calls
➡ variables

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16

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➡ But you can use:

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➡ __FILE__, __CLASS__,
__NAMESPACE__ etc

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__NAMESPACE__ etc
➡ Constants from other classes

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__NAMESPACE__ etc
➡ String literals

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__NAMESPACE__ etc
➡ String literals
➡ Even the ternary operator

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1 2
3 class C
4 {
5 const ONE = 1;
6
7 const LINE_ONE = "This is a line " . self::ONE;
8 }
Different constant scalar expression examples

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17
1 2
3 class C
4 {
5 const ONE = 1;
6
8 }
1 ?php
2
3 class D
4 {
5 const ONE = 1;
6 }
7 class C
8 {
9 const THREE = D::ONE + 2;
10 }

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1 class C
2 {
3 const LOG_LEVEL_HIGH = 105;
4
5 const LOG_LEVEL_CRITICAL = self::LOG_LEVEL_HIGH >= 100 ? 250 : 100;
6 }
17
1 2
3 class C
4 {
5 const ONE = 1;
6
8 }
1 ?php
2
3 class D
4 {
5 const ONE = 1;
6 }
7 class C
8 {
9 const THREE = D::ONE + 2;
10 }

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Variadic functions
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➡ It's nothing more than func_get_args()

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➡ Uses '...' before the $argument

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➡ More readable

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➡ More readable
➡ Makes a bit more sense

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1 2
3 function foo(... $arguments) {
4 print_r($arguments);
5 }
6
7 foo(1,2,3,4);
8
20
Using variadic arguments

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1 2
3 function foo(... $arguments) {
5 }
6
7 foo(1,2,3,4);
8
20
1 Array
2 (
3 [0] => 1
4 [1] => 2
5 [2] => 3
6 [3] => 4
7 )
Using variadic arguments

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1 function findEarliestDate(\DateTime ... $arguments) {
2 $earliest = null;
3 foreach ($arguments as $dt) {
4 if (! $earliest || $dt < $earliest) {
5 $earliest = $dt;
6 }
7 }
8
9 return $earliest;
10 }
11
12 $d1 = new DateTime('2014-01-31 10:42:29');
13 $d2 = new DateTime('2014-01-01 00:00:00');
14 $d3 = new DateTime('2020-04-01 12:13:41');
15 $d4 = new DateTime('2010-04-01 12:13:41');
16 $earliest = findEarliestDate(new DateTime(), $d1, $d2, $d3, $d4);
21
Using typehints

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1 2
3 function foo($level, $format = "html", ... $arguments) {
4 print "LEVEL: ".$level."\n";
5 print "FORMAT: ".$format."\n";
7 }
8
9 foo(1, "text", 3, 4);
10 foo(1, "text");
11 foo(1);
22
Mixing mandatory, optional and variadic arguments
Variadic arguments must come last!

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1 2
3 function foo(... $args) {
4 print_r($args);
5 }
6
7 $a = [ 1, "foo" => 2, 3, 4 ];
8 foo(... $a);
23
Cannot use as associative arrays, only numerical arrays

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1 2
4 print_r($args);
5 }
6
7 $a = [ 1, "foo" => 2, 3, 4 ];
8 foo(... $a);
23
Catchable fatal error: Cannot unpack array with string keys

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1 2
4 print_r($args);
5 }
6
7 $a = [ 1, "foo" => 2, 3, 4 ];
8 foo(... $a);
23
1 foo(... array_values($a));

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1 2
4 print_r($args);
5 }
6
7 $a = [ 1, "foo" => 2, 3, 4 ];
8 foo(... $a);
23
1 foo(... array_values($a));
Might break a future named arguments feature

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➡ Does it make sense?

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➡ Automatic type hinting (but only one type)

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➡ Automatic type hinting (but only one type)
➡ Not so much for dynamic data (arrays), but
more so for static

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Argument unpacking
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➡ Related to variadic functions
➡ "unpacks" array or anything that
implements traversable into variables, just
like list() does.
➡ splat operator
➡ Only usable in function calls

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1 2
3 function foo($a, $b, $c) {
4 print_r($a);
5 print_r($b);
6 print_r($c);
7 }
8
9 foo(1,2,3);
27
Simple function call with 3 arguments

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1 2
4 print_r($a);
5 print_r($b);
6 print_r($c);
7 }
8
9 foo(1,2,3);
27
Simple function call with 3 arguments
1
2
3

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1 2
4 print_r($a);
5 print_r($b);
6 print_r($c);
7 }
8
9 $a = [ 1, 2, 3 ];
10
11 list($tmp1, $tmp2, $tmp3) = $a;
12 foo($tmp1, $tmp2, $tmp3);
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Using list() to extract elements ﬁrst

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1 2
4 print_r($a);
5 print_r($b);
6 print_r($c);
7 }
8
9 $a = [ 1, 2, 3 ];
10
11 list($tmp1, $tmp2, $tmp3) = $a;
12 foo($tmp1, $tmp2, $tmp3);
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Using list() to extract elements ﬁrst
1
2
3

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1 2
4 print_r($a);
5 print_r($b);
6 print_r($c);
7 }
8
9 $a = [ 1, 2, 3 ];
10 foo(... $a);
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PHP 5.6 Argument unpacking

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1 2
4 print_r($a);
5 print_r($b);
6 print_r($c);
7 }
8
9 $a = [ 1, 2, 3 ];
10 foo(... $a);
29
PHP 5.6 Argument unpacking
1
2
3

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1 2
4 print_r($a);
5 print_r($b);
6 print_r($c);
7 }
8
9 $a = [ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ];
10 foo(... $a);
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PHP 5.6 Argument unpacking with overﬂow

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1 2
4 print_r($a);
5 print_r($b);
6 print_r($c);
7 }
8
9 $a = [ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ];
10 foo(... $a);
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Fills up what needs to be ﬁlled, discards the rest

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1 2
4 print_r($a);
5 print_r($b);
6 print_r($c);
7 }
8
9 $a = [ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ];
10 foo(... $a);
30
Fills up what needs to be ﬁlled, discards the rest
1
2
3

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1 2
4 print_r($a);
5 print_r($b);
6 print_r($c);
7 }
8
9 $a = [ 1, 2 ];
10 foo(... $a);
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PHP 5.6 Argument unpacking with underﬂow

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1 2
4 print_r($a);
5 print_r($b);
6 print_r($c);
7 }
8
9 $a = [ 1, 2 ];
10 foo(... $a);
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Warning, but ﬁlls with NULL

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1 2
4 print_r($a);
5 print_r($b);
6 print_r($c);
7 }
8
9 $a = [ 1, 2 ];
10 foo(... $a);
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Warning, but ﬁlls with NULL
1
2
NULL

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1 2
4 print_r($a);
5 print_r($b);
6 print_r($c);
7 }
8
9 $a = [ 1, 2 ];
10 $b = new ArrayIterator([3, 4]);
11 foo(... $a, ... $b);
32
PHP 5.6 Multiple argument unpacks

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1 2
4 print_r($a);
5 print_r($b);
6 print_r($c);
7 }
8
9 $a = [ 1, 2 ];
10 $b = new ArrayIterator([3, 4]);
11 foo(... $a, ... $b);
32
PHP 5.6 Multiple argument unpacks
1
2
3

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1 2
4 print_r($a);
5 print_r($b);
6 print_r($c);
7 }
8
9 $a = [ 1, 2, 3 ];
10 foo('foo', 'bar', ... $a);
33
Mixing argument unpacking with normal arguments

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1 2
4 print_r($a);
5 print_r($b);
6 print_r($c);
7 }
8
9 $a = [ 1, 2, 3 ];
10 foo('foo', 'bar', ... $a);
33
foo
bar
1

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1 2
4 print_r($a);
5 print_r($b);
6 print_r($c);
7 }
8
9 $a = [ 1, 2 ];
10 foo(... $a, 'foo', 'bar');
34

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1 2
4 print_r($a);
5 print_r($b);
6 print_r($c);
7 }
8
9 $a = [ 1, 2 ];
10 foo(... $a, 'foo', 'bar');
34
Fatal error: Cannot use positional argument after argument unpacking

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Exponentation
35

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➡ ** operator (and **= as shorthand)
➡ power operator

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1 2
3 $a = 2 ** 3;
4 print $a;
37
Power operator
8

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➡ This operator is right associative

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1 2
3 $a = -2 ** 3;
4 print $a . "\n";
5
6 $a = -3 ** 2;
7 print $a . "\n";
39
Associativity
-8 // correct
-9 // incorrect

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1 2
3 $a = (- 2) ** 3;
4 print $a . "\n";
5
6 $a = (- 3) ** 2;
7 print $a . "\n";
40
Associativity
-8 // correct
9 // correct

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Use function / const
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42

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➡ Import/alias constants and functions into
the current namespace.

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➡ PHP 5.3: classes, interfaces, namespaces

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➡ PHP 5.3: classes, interfaces, namespaces
➡ PHP 5.6: constants, functions

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➡ Useful?
➡ IMHO: it's not.

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44
1 2
3 namespace Foo;
4
5 function bar($namespace) {
6 print "This is " . __FUNCTION__ . ", and called from namespace ". $namespace. "\n";
7 }
8
9 namespace Another\Name;
10
11 use function Foo\bar;
12
13 bar(__NAMESPACE__); // Calls the Foo\bar() method
Use function

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1 2
3 namespace Foo;
4
7 }
8
10
12
Use function
This is Foo\bar, and called from namespace Another\Name

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45
1 2
3 namespace Foo;
4
7 }
8
10
11 use function Foo\bar as foobar;
12
13 foobar(__NAMESPACE__); // Calls the Foo\bar() method
Use function with aliasing

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➡ You can still deﬁne the same functions and
use them in your own namespace
➡ Could break things easily

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47
1 2
3 namespace Foo;
4
7 }
8
10
12
13 // Can be defined without any problems
14 function bar() {
15 print "Bar!";
16 }
17
19
20 \Another\Name\bar(); // Calls our own bar() method
Multiple function deﬁnes

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47
1 2
3 namespace Foo;
4
7 }
8
10
12
13 // Can be defined without any problems
14 function bar() {
15 print "Bar!";
16 }
17
19
20 \Another\Name\bar(); // Calls our own bar() method
Multiple function deﬁnes
Bar!

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➡ Just like regular functions, it automatically
falls back to the global namespace when the
function is not found.
➡ RFC says otherwise
48

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1 2
3 // Foo namespace
4 namespace Foo {
5
6 function strlen($str)
7 {
8 return "The length of the string is: " . \strlen($str) . "\n";
9 }
10
11 }
12
13
14 // Another\Name namespace
15 namespace Another\Name {
16
17 use function Foo\strlen;
18
19 print strlen(__NAMESPACE__); // Calls \Foo\strlen() function
20
21 }
Fallbacks

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50
1 2
3 // Foo namespace
4 namespace Foo {
5
6 function strlen($str)
7 {
9 }
10
11 }
12
13
16
17 print strlen(__NAMESPACE__); // Falls back to the global strlen() function
18
19 }
Fallbacks

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51
1 2
3 // Global namespace
4 namespace {
5
6 function strlength($str)
7 {
8 return "Hi there. This is the global strlength() function: " . strlen($str) . "\n";
9 }
10
11 }
12
13 // Foo namespace
14 namespace Foo {
15
16 function strlength($str)
17 {
19 }
20
21 }
22
23
26
27 print strlength(__NAMESPACE__); // Falls back to the the \strlength() method
28
29 }
Automatic fallback to global namespace

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GMP Overloading
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53
➡ New concept in PHP:
Operator overloading
➡ Only GMP extension
➡ More to follow, most likely

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1 2
3 $a = 1 + 2;
4 var_dump($a); // int(3)
5
6 $a = 1 + 1.1;
7 var_dump($a); // float(2.1)
8
9 $a = "foo" + 1;
11
12 $a = 1 + "foo";
14
15 $a = new Color("yellow") + new Color("blue");
16 var_dump($a); // Color("green") ???
54
PHP "acts" differently based on operands given

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1 2
3 $a = gmp_init(1) + gmp_init(5);
4 var_dump($a);
55
object(GMP)#3 (1) {
["num"]=>
string(1) "6"
}
GMP "overloads" the operators

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1 2
3 $a = gmp_init(1) + 2;
4 var_dump($a);
56
object(GMP)#3 (1) {
["num"]=>
string(1) "3"
}
GMP "overloads" the operators

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1 2
3 $a = gmp_init(1) + 2;
4 var_dump($a); // GMP(3)
5
6 $a = 8 + gmp_init(1);
8
9 $a = 8.6 + gmp_init(1);
10 var_dump($a); // Unable to convert variable to GMP
11
12 $a = true + gmp_init(1);
14
15 $a = false + gmp_init(1);
57
GMP can convert only INT and BOOL, not FLOAT :(

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58
➡ GMP operator overloading is not meant to
start userland overloading (opr_add, coerce
etc)
➡ It's just to make GMP usage easier

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1 $result = gmp_mod(
2 gmp_add(
3 gmp_mul($c0, gmp_mul($ms0, gmp_invert($ms0, $n0))),
4 gmp_add(
5 gmp_mul($c1, gmp_mul($ms1, gmp_invert($ms1, $n1))),
6 gmp_mul($c2, gmp_mul($ms2, gmp_invert($ms2, $n2)))
7 )
8 ),
9 gmp_mul($n0, gmp_mul($n1, $n2))
10 );
11
12 $result = (
13 $c0 * $ms0 * gmp_invert($ms0, $n0)
14 + $c1 * $ms1 * gmp_invert($ms1, $n1)
15 + $c2 * $ms2 * gmp_invert($ms2, $n2)
16 ) % ($n0 * $n1 * $n2);
59
Clearer way to deal with GMP numbers
https://wiki.php.net/rfc/operator_overloading_gmp

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__debuginfo
60

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61
➡ New magic method
➡ Allows to control the output of var_dump()

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1 2
3 class Foo {
4 protected $file;
5
6 function __construct($path = null) {
7 if ($path != null) {
8 $this->file = fopen($path, "r");
9 }
10 }
11
12 }
13
14 $foo = new Foo("/etc/passwd");
15 print_r($foo);
62
Simple class with ﬁle resource
Foo Object
(
[file:protected] => Resource id #5
)

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1 class Foo {
2 protected $file;
3
7 }
8 }
9
10 function __debuginfo() {
11 $debuginfo = array();
12
13 $debuginfo['opened'] = $this->file ? "true" : "false";
14
15 if ($this->file) {
16 $debuginfo['file'] = stream_get_meta_data($this->file);
17 }
18 return $debuginfo;
19 }
20
21 }
22
24 print_r($foo);
25
26 $bar = new Foo();
27 print_r($bar);
63
Simple class with ﬁle resource and __debuginfo

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1 class Foo {
2 protected $file;
3
7 }
8 }
9
10 function __debuginfo() {
11 $debuginfo = array();
12
13 $debuginfo['opened'] = $this->file ? "true" : "false";
14
15 if ($this->file) {
16 $debuginfo['file'] = stream_get_meta_data($this->file);
17 }
18 return $debuginfo;
19 }
20
21 }
22
24 print_r($foo);
25
26 $bar = new Foo();
27 print_r($bar);
63
Simple class with ﬁle resource and __debuginfo
Foo Object
(
[opened] => true
[file] => Array
(
[wrapper_type] => plainfile
[stream_type] => STDIO
[mode] => r
[unread_bytes] => 0
[seekable] => 1
[uri] => /etc/passwd
[timed_out] =>
[blocked] => 1
[eof] =>
)
)
Foo Object
(
[opened] => false
)

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SSL Peer verification
64

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65
➡ https://wiki.php.net/rfc/operator_overloading_gmp
➡ http://php.net/manual/en/migration56.php
➡ http://php.net/manual/en/migration56.new-features.php
➡ https://wiki.php.net/rfc/const_scalar_exprs
➡ https://wiki.php.net/rfc/variadics
Further reading materials:
➡ http://phpdancer.blogspot.nl/p/php-wallpapers.html

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66
Find me on twitter: @jaytaph
Find me for development and training: www.noxlogic.nl
Find me on email: [email protected]
Find me for blogs: www.adayinthelifeof.nl
Thanks for your attention
https://joind.in/event/view/2584
Please leave feedback at

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The new features of PHP 5.6 - Webinar

The new features of PHP 5.6 - Webinar

Joshua Thijssen

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