Geofront 개발 후기: Python 2와 작별하고 Python 3로 개발하기

(FPGSPOUѐߊറӝ 1ZUIPO৬੘߹ೞҊ1ZUIPO۽ѐߊೞӝ ઱ झನ஠ ഘ޹൞

ߊ಴੗ഘ޹൞

ߊ಴੗ഘ޹൞ ↟ झನ஠ TQPRBDPN ীࢲ  ببನੋ౟ EPEPQPJOUDPN ѐߊ

ߊ಴੗ഘ޹൞ ↟ झನ஠ TQPRBDPN ীࢲ  ببನੋ౟ EPEPQPJOUDPN ѐߊ ↟ ੗ਬࣗ೐౟ਝয૑૑੗
য়೑ࣗझগഐо

য়೑ࣗझগഐо ↟ ҍ౵੉ॆ֙ର

য়೑ࣗझগഐо ↟ ҍ౵੉ॆ֙ର ↟ IUUQIPOHNJOIFFPSH

੉࢚ೠߊ಴

੉࢚ೠߊ಴ ↟ ୨ठۄ੉٘੢

੉࢚ೠߊ಴ ↟ ୨ठۄ੉٘੢ ↟ Ӓ઺ীࢲ੢੉૑য়೐ۿ౟ࣗѐ

੉࢚ೠߊ಴ ↟ ୨ठۄ੉٘੢ ↟ Ӓ઺ীࢲ੢੉૑য়೐ۿ౟ࣗѐ ↟ ౵੉ॆফӝח੢

࠙۝ઑ੺ীपಁ

࠙۝ઑ੺ীपಁ ↟ ਗېחۄ੉౟׬ష௼۽౵੉ॆফӝաೞ۰೮ਵա

࠙۝ઑ੺ীपಁ ↟ ਗېחۄ੉౟׬ష௼۽౵੉ॆফӝաೞ۰೮ਵա ↟ दрਸֈӡѪэইࢲݫੋߊ಴۽߸҃

࠙۝ઑ੺ীपಁ ↟ ਗېחۄ੉౟׬ష௼۽౵੉ॆফӝաೞ۰೮ਵա ↟ दрਸֈӡѪэইࢲݫੋߊ಴۽߸҃ ↟ ੉ߣীחदр੉թਸѪэইࢲ੉Ѫ੷Ѫ୶о

࠙۝ઑ੺ীपಁ ↟ ਗېחۄ੉౟׬ష௼۽౵੉ॆফӝաೞ۰೮ਵա ↟ दрਸֈӡѪэইࢲݫੋߊ಴۽߸҃ ↟ ੉ߣীחदр੉թਸѪэইࢲ੉Ѫ੷Ѫ୶о ↟ ߊ಴חೞա૑݅पઁ۽חفѐ੄઱ઁա݃ଲо૑

࠙۝ઑ੺ীपಁ ↟ ਗېחۄ੉౟׬ష௼۽౵੉ॆফӝաೞ۰೮ਵա ↟ दрਸֈӡѪэইࢲݫੋߊ಴۽߸҃ ↟ ੉ߣীחदр੉թਸѪэইࢲ੉Ѫ੷Ѫ୶о ↟ ߊ಴חೞա૑݅पઁ۽חفѐ੄઱ઁա݃ଲо૑ ↟
દ࣠೤פ׮

ࠗ૑য়೐ۿ౟ࣗѐ

Photographed by Peas; CC-BY-NC-ND 2.0

Photographed by Juan J. Martínez; CC-BY-SA 2.0

౱ࣗਬ੄ࢲߡ੽Ӕޙઁ

౱ࣗਬ੄ࢲߡ੽Ӕޙઁ ↟ ࠁউ੄धҗӈଳ਺ࢎ੉੄઴׮ܻӝ

౱ࣗਬ੄ࢲߡ੽Ӕޙઁ ↟ ࠁউ੄धҗӈଳ਺ࢎ੉੄઴׮ܻӝ ↟ ؀ࠗ࠙੄ࣗӏݽ౱਷ࠁউ੄ध੉Ѣ੄হ׮दೖೞ׮

౱ࣗਬ੄ࢲߡ੽Ӕޙઁ ↟ ࠁউ੄धҗӈଳ਺ࢎ੉੄઴׮ܻӝ ↟ ؀ࠗ࠙੄ࣗӏݽ౱਷ࠁউ੄ध੉Ѣ੄হ׮दೖೞ׮ ↟ ইޖب਋ܻэ਷੘਷౱੄ࢲߡ֢ܻܳ૑ঋਸѢۄח  ࠺Ү੸ ೤ܻ੸౸ױীӔѢ

౱ࣗਬ੄ࢲߡ੽Ӕޙઁ ↟ ࠁউ੄धҗӈଳ਺ࢎ੉੄઴׮ܻӝ ↟ ؀ࠗ࠙੄ࣗӏݽ౱਷ࠁউ੄ध੉Ѣ੄হ׮दೖೞ׮ ↟ ইޖب਋ܻэ਷੘਷౱੄ࢲߡ֢ܻܳ૑ঋਸѢۄח  ࠺Ү੸ ೤ܻ੸౸ױীӔѢ ↟
ೞ૑݅ޖର߹੸ӝ҅੸ҕѺ਷౱੄ӏݽա࠺ૉפझ੸ о஖ܳٮ૑૑ঋחѱೣ੿

ӈରפ્؀ࠁউ੄ध

ӈରפ્؀ࠁউ੄ध ↟ ҕਬ࠺޻ߣഐ੄৘

ӈରפ્؀ࠁউ੄ध ↟ ҕਬ࠺޻ߣഐ੄৘ ↟ ହস੗੹ചߣഐ

ӈରפ્؀ࠁউ੄ध ↟ ҕਬ࠺޻ߣഐ੄৘ ↟ ହস੗੹ചߣഐ ↟ ହস੗੉ܴ੉աഥࢎݺਸفߥधª௪౭۽ࠗഐച  tഘ޹൞uªtHIEBMTHNMu

ӈରפ્؀ࠁউ੄ध ↟ ҕਬ࠺޻ߣഐ੄৘ ↟ ହস੗੹ചߣഐ ↟ ହস੗੉ܴ੉աഥࢎݺਸفߥधª௪౭۽ࠗഐച  tഘ޹൞uªtHIEBMTHNMu ↟ о੢উજ਷҃਋tBTEGu
tu tu…

tu tu… ↟ ରۄܻ࠺޻ߣഐܳࢸ੿ೞ૑݈૑

tu tu… ↟ ରۄܻ࠺޻ߣഐܳࢸ੿ೞ૑݈૑ ↟ ࠺޻ߣഐহগחѱ؊ӈଳਵפө੷ۧѱೞ૑ݨ୒ই

ޙઁחӈରפ્

ޙઁחӈରפ્ ↟ ڪযդѐߊ੗ٜઑରӈରפ્খীࢲҷࠂ

ޙઁחӈରפ્ ↟ ڪযդѐߊ੗ٜઑରӈରפ્খীࢲҷࠂ ↟ ؀ѐށۄࢲޅೞחѱইפۄঌ૑݅ӈଳইࢲউೞחѪ

ޙઁחӈରפ્ ↟ ڪযդѐߊ੗ٜઑରӈରפ્খীࢲҷࠂ ↟ ؀ѐށۄࢲޅೞחѱইפۄঌ૑݅ӈଳইࢲউೞחѪ ↟ ࠁউࢿ੉֫ইبӈଳ਷दझమ਷ࢶఖغ૑ঋ਺

ޙઁחӈରפ્ ↟ ڪযդѐߊ੗ٜઑରӈରפ્খীࢲҷࠂ ↟ ؀ѐށۄࢲޅೞחѱইפۄঌ૑݅ӈଳইࢲউೞחѪ ↟ ࠁউࢿ੉֫ইبӈଳ਷दझమ਷ࢶఖغ૑ঋ਺ ↟ ୭؀ೠ؏ӈଳѱೞחѪ੉Ӓա݃ࠁউࢿਸ֫੉חؘ  ബҗ੸

ҕਬੋૐఃߑध authoriz ed_keys authoriz ed_keys authoriz ed_keys authoriz ed_keys A
B C D

ҕਬੋૐఃߑध authoriz ed_keys authoriz ed_keys authoriz ed_keys authoriz ed_keys id_rsa
A B C D

ҕਬੋૐఃߑध

ҕਬੋૐఃߑध ↟ ই઱੘਷౱ীࢲ੗઱ॳ੉חߑध

ҕਬੋૐఃߑध ↟ ই઱੘਷౱ীࢲ੗઱ॳ੉חߑध ↟ ׼ো൤ ಁझ೐ۨ੉ૉחহ׮

ҕਬੋૐఃߑध ↟ ই઱੘਷౱ীࢲ੗઱ॳ੉חߑध ↟ ׼ো൤ ಁझ೐ۨ੉ૉחহ׮ ↟ ৵ջೞݶ…

ҕਬੋૐఃߑध ↟ ই઱੘਷౱ীࢲ੗઱ॳ੉חߑध ↟ ׼ো൤ ಁझ೐ۨ੉ૉחহ׮ ↟ ৵ջೞݶ… ↟ ࠺޻ߣഐੑ۱ೞחѪبӈଳইࢲॳחѢפө

ҕਬੋૐఃߑध ↟ ই઱੘਷౱ীࢲ੗઱ॳ੉חߑध ↟ ׼ো൤ ಁझ೐ۨ੉ૉחহ׮ ↟ ৵ջೞݶ… ↟ ࠺޻ߣഐੑ۱ೞחѪبӈଳইࢲॳחѢפө
↟ աоחࢎۈ੉੓ਸٸ݃׮࢜ੋૐఃٜܳ݅যঠೞ૑݅  Ӓٰӈଳ਷૙ਸೡܻо…

઱ো୹ੑפ׮ 

઱ো୹ੑפ׮  झನ஠חҕਬੋૐఃܳࢎਊೞ૑ঋਵݴ ҕਬੋૐఃܳ%SPQCPYীҕਬೠ੸بহणפ׮੸যبઁоੑࢎೠ੉റীח…

п੗ੋૐఃߑध

п੗ੋૐఃߑध ↟ %7$4੄ࢿҕਵ۽੹ࠁ׮഻ঁ݆੉ࠁәػ࢚ട

п੗ੋૐఃߑध ↟ %7$4੄ࢿҕਵ۽੹ࠁ׮഻ঁ݆੉ࠁәػ࢚ട ↟ ઱ਃ੷੢ࣗࢲ࠺झীࢲੋૐਸਤ೧ࢎਊೞӝٸޙ

п੗ੋૐఃߑध ↟ %7$4੄ࢿҕਵ۽੹ࠁ׮഻ঁ݆੉ࠁәػ࢚ട ↟ ઱ਃ੷੢ࣗࢲ࠺झীࢲੋૐਸਤ೧ࢎਊೞӝٸޙ ↟ п੗ੋૐఃܳযରೖо૑Ҋ੓ਵפӒѦ۽ੋૐೞ੗

п੗ੋૐఃߑध ↟ %7$4੄ࢿҕਵ۽੹ࠁ׮഻ঁ݆੉ࠁәػ࢚ട ↟ ઱ਃ੷੢ࣗࢲ࠺झীࢲੋૐਸਤ೧ࢎਊೞӝٸޙ ↟ п੗ੋૐఃܳযରೖо૑Ҋ੓ਵפӒѦ۽ੋૐೞ੗ ↟ authorized_keys

п੗ੋૐఃߑध ↟ %7$4੄ࢿҕਵ۽੹ࠁ׮഻ঁ݆੉ࠁәػ࢚ട ↟ ઱ਃ੷੢ࣗࢲ࠺झীࢲੋૐਸਤ೧ࢎਊೞӝٸޙ ↟ п੗ੋૐఃܳযରೖо૑Ҋ੓ਵפӒѦ۽ੋૐೞ੗ ↟ authorized_keys ↟
ssh-copy-id

п੗ੋૐఃߑध authoriz ed_keys authoriz ed_keys authoriz ed_keys authoriz ed_keys A
B C D

п੗ੋૐఃߑध authoriz ed_keys authoriz ed_keys authoriz ed_keys authoriz ed_keys id_rsa
A B C D

A B C D id_rsa

A B C D id_rsa id_rsa

A B C D id_rsa id_rsa id_rsa

п੗ੋૐఃߑध

п੗ੋૐఃߑध ↟ ౱ਗ੉࢜۽ٜযয়ݶয૵૑

п੗ੋૐఃߑध ↟ ౱ਗ੉࢜۽ٜযয়ݶয૵૑ ↟ ౱ਗ੉աоݶ

п੗ੋૐఃߑध ↟ ౱ਗ੉࢜۽ٜযয়ݶয૵૑ ↟ ౱ਗ੉աоݶ ↟ ਗѺ૑ࣻ݅ఀࣻ੿

п੗ੋૐఃߑध ↟ ౱ਗ੉࢜۽ٜযয়ݶয૵૑ ↟ ౱ਗ੉աоݶ ↟ ਗѺ૑ࣻ݅ఀࣻ੿ ↟ ࢜۽ٜযৡࢎۈ੄ੋૐఃܳਗѺ૑݃׮୶оೞחѪ਷  ೖೡࣻহӟ೧ب…

п੗ੋૐఃߑध ↟ ౱ਗ੉࢜۽ٜযয়ݶয૵૑ ↟ ౱ਗ੉աоݶ ↟ ਗѺ૑ࣻ݅ఀࣻ੿ ↟ ࢜۽ٜযৡࢎۈ੄ੋૐఃܳਗѺ૑݃׮୶оೞחѪ਷  ೖೡࣻহӟ೧ب…
↟ աрࢎۈࡐחѤӈଳਵפөա઺ী

п੗ੋૐఃߑध

п੗ੋૐఃߑध ↟ ࢜۽਍ࢎۈ աрࢎۈࢤӡٸ݃׮ݽٚਗѺ૑੄ authorized_keysࣻ੿೧ঠೣ

п੗ੋૐఃߑध ↟ ࢜۽਍ࢎۈ աрࢎۈࢤӡٸ݃׮ݽٚਗѺ૑੄ authorized_keysࣻ੿೧ঠೣ ↟ Ӕؘ־о୶оೞҊઁѢೞ૑

п੗ੋૐఃߑध ↟ ࢜۽਍ࢎۈ աрࢎۈࢤӡٸ݃׮ݽٚਗѺ૑੄ authorized_keysࣻ੿೧ঠೣ ↟ Ӕؘ־о୶оೞҊઁѢೞ૑ ↟ tഘשੋૐః୶оખࠗఌ٘۰ਃu

п੗ੋૐఃߑध ↟ ࢜۽਍ࢎۈ աрࢎۈࢤӡٸ݃׮ݽٚਗѺ૑੄ authorized_keysࣻ੿೧ঠೣ ↟ Ӕؘ־о୶оೞҊઁѢೞ૑ ↟ tഘשੋૐః୶оખࠗఌ٘۰ਃu ↟
"Ƅղо೧ঠೣ

Ҋ޹ ↟ ࢜۽ৡࢎۈҕѐఃܳݒߣࠁղ׳ۄҊೞӝӈଳ׮

Ҋ޹ ↟ ࢜۽ৡࢎۈҕѐఃܳݒߣࠁղ׳ۄҊೞӝӈଳ׮ ↟ ࢎۈաтٸӒࢎۈҕѐఃࡐঠೠ׮חѢ੗Բөݡח׮

Ҋ޹ ↟ ࢜۽ৡࢎۈҕѐఃܳݒߣࠁղ׳ۄҊೞӝӈଳ׮ ↟ ࢎۈաтٸӒࢎۈҕѐఃࡐঠೠ׮חѢ੗Բөݡח׮ ↟ Ӓրೠߣ੗زച೧֬Ҋաחইޖ૙بউ೧ب  جইщ਺જѷ׮

ই੉٣য

ই੉٣য ↟ য Ӕؘ࢜۽ৡࢎۈبӥ೸҅੿਷੓૑ঋա

ই੉٣য ↟ য Ӕؘ࢜۽ৡࢎۈبӥ೸҅੿਷੓૑ঋա ↟ ӥ೸ীਗېп੗ҕѐఃחৢ۰فҊॳ૑ঋա

ই੉٣য ↟ য Ӕؘ࢜۽ৡࢎۈبӥ೸҅੿਷੓૑ঋա ↟ ӥ೸ীਗېп੗ҕѐఃחৢ۰فҊॳ૑ঋա ↟ ଵ ਋ܻഥࢎبӥ೸ॳ૑

ই੉٣য ↟ য Ӕؘ࢜۽ৡࢎۈبӥ೸҅੿਷੓૑ঋա ↟ ӥ೸ীਗېп੗ҕѐఃחৢ۰فҊॳ૑ঋա ↟ ଵ ਋ܻഥࢎبӥ೸ॳ૑ ↟
ӥ೸PSHBOJ[BUJPOী౱ਗ୶оઁѢೞח೯زਵ۽  ঌইࢲغѱՔޅೞ۰ա

݃झఠః authoriz ed_keys authoriz ed_keys authoriz ed_keys authoriz ed_keys A
B C D id_rsa id_rsa id_rsa id_rsa

! Geofront ݃झఠః authoriz ed_keys authoriz ed_keys authoriz ed_keys authoriz
ed_keys A B C D id_rsa id_rsa id_rsa id_rsa

! Geofront .pub ݃झఠః authoriz ed_keys authoriz ed_keys authoriz ed_keys
authoriz ed_keys A B C D id_rsa id_rsa id_rsa id_rsa

! Geofront .pub ݃झఠః authoriz ed_keys authoriz ed_keys authoriz ed_keys
authoriz ed_keys A B C D id_rsa id_rsa id_rsa .pub id_rsa

! Geofront .pub .pub ݃झఠః authoriz ed_keys authoriz ed_keys authoriz
ed_keys authoriz ed_keys A B C D id_rsa id_rsa id_rsa .pub id_rsa

! Geofront .pub .pub .pub ݃झఠః authoriz ed_keys authoriz ed_keys
authoriz ed_keys authoriz ed_keys A B C D id_rsa id_rsa id_rsa .pub id_rsa

! Geofront .pub .pub .pub ݃झఠః authoriz ed_keys authoriz ed_keys
authoriz ed_keys authoriz ed_keys id_rsa A B C D id_rsa id_rsa id_rsa .pub id_rsa

݃झఠఃই੉٣য

݃झఠఃই੉٣য ↟ ૑য়೐ۿ౟ࢲߡחೞա੄݃झఠఃܳਬ૑

݃झఠఃই੉٣য ↟ ૑য়೐ۿ౟ࢲߡחೞա੄݃झఠఃܳਬ૑ ↟ ݃झఠఃח૑য়೐ۿ౟ࢲߡ݅੽ӔоמೠҔীࠁઓ

݃झఠఃই੉٣য ↟ ૑য়೐ۿ౟ࢲߡחೞա੄݃झఠఃܳਬ૑ ↟ ݃झఠఃח૑য়೐ۿ౟ࢲߡ݅੽ӔоמೠҔীࠁઓ ↟ ݽٚਗѺ૑ח݃झఠః݅ೲਊೞחױ઴૞ܻ authorized_keys݅ਬ૑

݃झఠఃই੉٣য ↟ ૑য়೐ۿ౟ࢲߡחೞա੄݃झఠఃܳਬ૑ ↟ ݃झఠఃח૑য়೐ۿ౟ࢲߡ݅੽ӔоמೠҔীࠁઓ ↟ ݽٚਗѺ૑ח݃झఠః݅ೲਊೞחױ઴૞ܻ authorized_keys݅ਬ૑ ↟ য٣ࢲ݆੉ࠄ…ҕਬఃߑध

݃झఠఃই੉٣য ↟ ૑য়೐ۿ౟ࢲߡחೞա੄݃झఠఃܳਬ૑ ↟ ݃झఠఃח૑য়೐ۿ౟ࢲߡ݅੽ӔоמೠҔীࠁઓ ↟ ݽٚਗѺ૑ח݃झఠః݅ೲਊೞחױ઴૞ܻ authorized_keys݅ਬ૑ ↟ য٣ࢲ݆੉ࠄ…ҕਬఃߑध
↟ ݃झఠఃח઱ӝ੸ਵ۽౵ӝറ੤ࢤࢿ ӝࠄчೞܖ

૑য়೐ۿ౟$-*

૑য়೐ۿ౟$-* $ pip install --user geofront-cli

૑য়೐ۿ౟$-* $ pip install --user geofront-cli $ geofront-cli authorize server-2

! Geofront .pub .pub .pub ೠद੸ೲਊ authoriz ed_keys authoriz ed_keys

ೲਊػਗѺ૑ী੽ࣘ $ pip install --user geofront-cli $ geofront-cli authorize server-2
$ ssh server-2

ೠߣী $ pip install --user geofront-cli $ geofront-cli authorize server-2
$ ssh server-2 $ geofront-cli ssh server-2 # shortcut

ೠद੸ೲਊই੉٣য

ೠद੸ೲਊই੉٣য ↟ ౱ਗ਷૑য়೐ۿ౟ࢲߡী౱੄ੌਗ੐ਸੋૐ

ೠद੸ೲਊই੉٣য ↟ ౱ਗ਷૑য়೐ۿ౟ࢲߡী౱੄ੌਗ੐ਸੋૐ ↟ ੋૐػ౱ਗ੄ҕѐఃܳ੽ࣘೡਗѺ૑੄ authorized_keysীೠद੸ਵ۽୶о

ೠद੸ೲਊই੉٣য ↟ ౱ਗ਷૑য়೐ۿ౟ࢲߡী౱੄ੌਗ੐ਸੋૐ ↟ ੋૐػ౱ਗ੄ҕѐఃܳ੽ࣘೡਗѺ૑੄ authorized_keysীೠद੸ਵ۽୶о ↟ ೧׼ҕѐఃחডୡറী׮दࡅ૗

! Geofront .pub .pub .pub ೠद੸ೲਊ authoriz ed_keys authoriz ed_keys

౱ਗੋૐ

౱ਗੋૐ ↟ ౱੉ੌਗ੉ۄחѪਸযڌѱૐݺೞ૑

౱ਗੋૐ ↟ ౱੉ੌਗ੉ۄחѪਸযڌѱૐݺೞ૑ ↟ ӥ೸0"VUI۽۽Ӓੋ೧ࢲ਋ܻ౱PSHBOJ[BUJPO  ҅੿ীٜয੓ח૑"1*۽ഛੋ

౱ਗੋૐ ↟ ౱੉ੌਗ੉ۄחѪਸযڌѱૐݺೞ૑ ↟ ӥ೸0"VUI۽۽Ӓੋ೧ࢲ਋ܻ౱PSHBOJ[BUJPO  ҅੿ীٜয੓ח૑"1*۽ഛੋ ↟ ౱ীࢲࡅ૑ݶੋૐب੗زਵ۽উؽ

౱ਗੋૐ ↟ ౱੉ੌਗ੉ۄחѪਸযڌѱૐݺೞ૑ ↟ ӥ೸0"VUI۽۽Ӓੋ೧ࢲ਋ܻ౱PSHBOJ[BUJPO  ҅੿ীٜয੓ח૑"1*۽ഛੋ ↟ ౱ীࢲࡅ૑ݶੋૐب੗زਵ۽উؽ ↟ ౱ਗੋૐߑध਷ੋఠಕ੉झ৬ҳഅ੉ܻ࠙غয੓਺

౱ਗੋૐ ↟ ౱੉ੌਗ੉ۄחѪਸযڌѱૐݺೞ૑ ↟ ӥ೸0"VUI۽۽Ӓੋ೧ࢲ਋ܻ౱PSHBOJ[BUJPO  ҅੿ীٜয੓ח૑"1*۽ഛੋ ↟ ౱ীࢲࡅ૑ݶੋૐب੗زਵ۽উؽ ↟ ౱ਗੋૐߑध਷ੋఠಕ੉झ৬ҳഅ੉ܻ࠙غয੓਺
↟ ࡁߡఉӥەҳӖজझ੗୓۽Ӓੋ١ҳഅоמ

ҕѐః١۾

ҕѐః١۾ ↟ п੗ҕѐఃܳ૑য়೐ۿ౟ী૒੽ৢܻա

ҕѐః١۾ ↟ п੗ҕѐఃܳ૑য়೐ۿ౟ী૒੽ৢܻա ↟ Ӓۡࣻب੓਺

ҕѐః١۾ ↟ п੗ҕѐఃܳ૑য়೐ۿ౟ী૒੽ৢܻա ↟ Ӓۡࣻب੓਺ ↟ ೞ૑݅ӥ೸োزਸࢸ੿ೞݶ੉޷ӥ೸҅੿ী  ١۾ೠҕѐఃبࢎਊೡࣻ੓਺

ҕѐః١۾ ↟ п੗ҕѐఃܳ૑য়೐ۿ౟ী૒੽ৢܻա ↟ Ӓۡࣻب੓਺ ↟ ೞ૑݅ӥ೸োزਸࢸ੿ೞݶ੉޷ӥ೸҅੿ী  ١۾ೠҕѐఃبࢎਊೡࣻ੓਺ ↟ नӏ౱ਗੑ੢ীࢲחӥ೸PSHBOJ[BUJPO҅੿ী 
୶о݅غݶইޖࢸ੿بೡѱহ਺

ҕѐః١۾ ↟ п੗ҕѐఃܳ૑য়೐ۿ౟ী૒੽ৢܻա ↟ Ӓۡࣻب੓਺ ↟ ೞ૑݅ӥ೸োزਸࢸ੿ೞݶ੉޷ӥ೸҅੿ী  ١۾ೠҕѐఃبࢎਊೡࣻ੓਺ ↟ नӏ౱ਗੑ੢ীࢲחӥ೸PSHBOJ[BUJPO҅੿ী 
୶о݅غݶইޖࢸ੿بೡѱহ਺ ↟ ӝઓ౱ਗੑ੢ীࢲبӥ೸PSHBOJ[BUJPO҅੿ী  ೧׼नӏ౱ਗ୶о݅ೞݶ׮ܲѤ೧઴೙ਃহ਺

ਗѺ૑୶о

ਗѺ૑୶о ↟ ਗѺ૑ݾ۾ਸҙܻೞחੋఠಕ੉झ৬ҳഅ੉ܻ࠙ظ੓਺

ਗѺ૑୶о ↟ ਗѺ૑ݾ۾ਸҙܻೞחੋఠಕ੉झ৬ҳഅ੉ܻ࠙ظ੓਺ ↟ "84ੋझఢझݾ۾Ӓ؀۽ࢎਊೞחҳഅ୓ب੓਺

ਗѺ૑୶о ↟ ਗѺ૑ݾ۾ਸҙܻೞחੋఠಕ੉झ৬ҳഅ੉ܻ࠙ظ੓਺ ↟ "84ੋझఢझݾ۾Ӓ؀۽ࢎਊೞחҳഅ୓ب੓਺ ↟ ࢎप਷-JCDMPVEॄࢲਬ௿ۄ਋٘بغ૑܄…

ਗѺ૑୶о ↟ ਗѺ૑ݾ۾ਸҙܻೞחੋఠಕ੉झ৬ҳഅ੉ܻ࠙ظ੓਺ ↟ "84ੋझఢझݾ۾Ӓ؀۽ࢎਊೞחҳഅ୓ب੓਺ ↟ ࢎप਷-JCDMPVEॄࢲਬ௿ۄ਋٘بغ૑܄… ↟ դউॶѢ૑݅…

ਗѺ૑୶о ↟ ਗѺ૑ݾ۾ਸҙܻೞחੋఠಕ੉झ৬ҳഅ੉ܻ࠙ظ੓਺ ↟ "84ੋझఢझݾ۾Ӓ؀۽ࢎਊೞחҳഅ୓ب੓਺ ↟ ࢎप਷-JCDMPVEॄࢲਬ௿ۄ਋٘بغ૑܄… ↟ դউॶѢ૑݅… ↟
ೞ٘௏٬ݾ۾ਵ۽ҙܻೞחҳഅ୓ب੓਺

ਗѺ૑୶о ↟ ਗѺ૑ݾ۾ਸҙܻೞחੋఠಕ੉झ৬ҳഅ੉ܻ࠙ظ੓਺ ↟ "84ੋझఢझݾ۾Ӓ؀۽ࢎਊೞחҳഅ୓ب੓਺ ↟ ࢎप਷-JCDMPVEॄࢲਬ௿ۄ਋٘بغ૑܄… ↟ դউॶѢ૑݅… ↟
ೞ٘௏٬ݾ۾ਵ۽ҙܻೞחҳഅ୓ب੓਺ ↟ ૒੽ҳഅ௿ېझ૞ࢲࢎਊ೧بؽ

ҙ۲݂௼

ҙ۲݂௼ ↟ IUUQTHJUIVCDPNTQPRBHFPGSPOU

ҙ۲݂௼ ↟ IUUQTHJUIVCDPNTQPRBHFPGSPOU ↟ IUUQTHFPGSPOUSFBEUIFEPDTPSH

ҙ۲݂௼ ↟ IUUQTHJUIVCDPNTQPRBHFPGSPOU ↟ IUUQTHFPGSPOUSFBEUIFEPDTPSH ↟ IUUQTQPRBHJUIVCJPHFPGSPOUIUNM

pip۽ࢸ஖оמ $ pip install Geofront

ࠗ૑য়೐ۿ౟ѐߊറӝ ౵੉ॆࢿࠛӝ

Photographed by w00kie; CC-BY 2.0

੹੸

੹੸ ↟ sਢ೐ۨ੐ਕ௼ ౵੉ॆ੹ਊ nपಁ

੹੸ ↟ sਢ೐ۨ੐ਕ௼ ౵੉ॆ੹ਊ nपಁ ↟ s8BOE ౵੉ॆ੹ਊªزद૑ਗ

੹੸ ↟ sਢ೐ۨ੐ਕ௼ ౵੉ॆ੹ਊ nपಁ ↟ s8BOE ౵੉ॆ੹ਊªزद૑ਗ ↟ sBMFNCJD
౵੉ॆ੹ਊªزद૑ਗ

౵੉ॆ੹ਊªزद૑ਗ ↟ s42-"MDIFNZ*NBHF"UUBDI زद૑ਗ

౵੉ॆ੹ਊªزद૑ਗ ↟ s42-"MDIFNZ*NBHF"UUBDI زद૑ਗ ↟ s&BSUI3FBEFS زद૑ਗ

౵੉ॆ੹ਊªزद૑ਗ ↟ s42-"MDIFNZ*NBHF"UUBDI زद૑ਗ ↟ s&BSUI3FBEFS زद૑ਗ ↟ sMJCTBTTQZUIPO ౵੉ॆ੹ਊªزद૑ਗ

੹੸

੹੸ ↟ ౵੉ॆ੹ਊªزद૑ਗನ౴ߣ

੹੸ ↟ ౵੉ॆ੹ਊªزद૑ਗನ౴ߣ ↟ ୊਺ࠗఠزद૑ਗߣ

੹੸ ↟ ౵੉ॆ੹ਊªزद૑ਗನ౴ߣ ↟ ୊਺ࠗఠزद૑ਗߣ ↟ ౵੉ॆ੹ਊߣnपಁ

౵੉ॆӝೖૐ

౵੉ॆӝೖૐ ↟ ֙ী௼ѱपಁೠٍ۽౵੉ॆח୛׮بউࠌ׮

౵੉ॆӝೖૐ ↟ ֙ী௼ѱपಁೠٍ۽౵੉ॆח୛׮بউࠌ׮ ↟ Ӓؘ۠֙ࠗఠ8BOE੉ग౟ېழীࢲ౵੉ॆಁ ஖о ৈ۞ߣ ৢۄ১

౵੉ॆӝೖૐ ↟ ֙ী௼ѱपಁೠٍ۽౵੉ॆח୛׮بউࠌ׮ ↟ Ӓؘ۠֙ࠗఠ8BOE੉ग౟ېழীࢲ౵੉ॆಁ ஖о ৈ۞ߣ ৢۄ১ ↟ MJCTBTTQZUIPO੉ग౟ېழীࢲب౵੉ॆ૑ਗਃ୒੉
ৢۄ১

౵੉ॆഐജࢿ੘স

౵੉ॆഐജࢿ੘স ↟ Բળೠࣻਃ۽૑ਗਸউೡࣻоহ঻਺

౵੉ॆഐജࢿ੘স ↟ Բળೠࣻਃ۽૑ਗਸউೡࣻоহ঻਺ ↟ ౵੉ॆزद૑ਗೞח௏٘ܳ૞ח֢ೞ਋୷੸

౵੉ॆഐജࢿ੘স ↟ Բળೠࣻਃ۽૑ਗਸউೡࣻоহ঻਺ ↟ ౵੉ॆزद૑ਗೞח௏٘ܳ૞ח֢ೞ਋୷੸ ↟ ౵੉ॆӝೖૐ੉ઑӘঀࢎۄ૗

౵੉ॆഐജࢿ੘স ↟ Բળೠࣻਃ۽૑ਗਸউೡࣻоহ঻਺ ↟ ౵੉ॆزद૑ਗೞח௏٘ܳ૞ח֢ೞ਋୷੸ ↟ ౵੉ॆӝೖૐ੉ઑӘঀࢎۄ૗ ↟ s֙ࠗఠחই৘੗ߊ੸ਵ۽౵੉ॆഐജ੘সਸद੘

৵ӝೖ೮؊ۄ

৵ӝೖ೮؊ۄ ↟ ౵੉ॆী؀೧੼ର੤ಣоೞѱؽ

৵ӝೖ೮؊ۄ ↟ ౵੉ॆী؀೧੼ର੤ಣоೞѱؽ ↟ গୡী౵੉ॆܳӝೖೞѱع؍੉ਬܳغجইࠆ

౟ۄ਋݃

౟ۄ਋݃ ↟ ֙੄पಁо౟ۄ਋݃оغ঻਺

౟ۄ਋݃ ↟ ֙੄पಁо౟ۄ਋݃оغ঻਺ ↟ 84(*೐۽ష௒੉౵੉ॆীࢲযڌѱغযঠ  ೞח૑ী؀ೠ೤੄оহ؍द੺ 1&1হ঻਺

౟ۄ਋݃ ↟ ֙੄पಁо౟ۄ਋݃оغ঻਺ ↟ 84(*೐۽ష௒੉౵੉ॆীࢲযڌѱغযঠ  ೞח૑ী؀ೠ೤੄оহ؍द੺ 1&1হ঻਺ ↟ ౵੉ॆद੺੄಴ળۄ੉࠳۞ܻחഒت੄஠য়झ

౟ۄ਋݃ ↟ ֙੄पಁо౟ۄ਋݃оغ঻਺ ↟ 84(*೐۽ష௒੉౵੉ॆীࢲযڌѱغযঠ  ೞח૑ী؀ೠ೤੄оহ؍द੺ 1&1হ঻਺ ↟ ౵੉ॆद੺੄಴ળۄ੉࠳۞ܻחഒت੄஠য়झ ↟
63-౵यҗ)551ݫࣁ૑౵यਸࣚਵ۽૞ঠ೮਺

౟ۄ਋݃ ↟ ֙੄पಁо౟ۄ਋݃оغ঻਺ ↟ 84(*೐۽ష௒੉౵੉ॆীࢲযڌѱغযঠ  ೞח૑ী؀ೠ೤੄оহ؍द੺ 1&1হ঻਺ ↟ ౵੉ॆद੺੄಴ળۄ੉࠳۞ܻחഒت੄஠য়झ ↟
63-౵यҗ)551ݫࣁ૑౵यਸࣚਵ۽૞ঠ೮਺ ↟ ౵੉ॆܳॳחҊёبহ঻਺

ࢤక҅੄ਤӝ

ࢤక҅੄ਤӝ ↟ ցޖաࠗ઒೮؍ࢲ٘౵౭ۄ੉࠳۞ܻ

ࢤక҅੄ਤӝ ↟ ցޖաࠗ઒೮؍ࢲ٘౵౭ۄ੉࠳۞ܻ ↟ 1Z1*ীࢲ౵੉ॆ૑ਗೞחಁః૑оࣚীԞഊਸ੿ب

ࢤక҅੄ਤӝ ↟ ցޖաࠗ઒೮؍ࢲ٘౵౭ۄ੉࠳۞ܻ ↟ 1Z1*ীࢲ౵੉ॆ૑ਗೞחಁః૑оࣚীԞഊਸ੿ب ↟ ীࢲਬפ௏ܻ٘ఠۡ u'...' ੉ࠗഝೞӝ੹ө૑  ഐജ௏٘૞ӝחޖୋ൨ٜ঻਺

ࢤక҅੄ਤӝ ↟ ցޖաࠗ઒೮؍ࢲ٘౵౭ۄ੉࠳۞ܻ ↟ 1Z1*ীࢲ౵੉ॆ૑ਗೞחಁః૑оࣚীԞഊਸ੿ب ↟ ীࢲਬפ௏ܻ٘ఠۡ u'...' ੉ࠗഝೞӝ੹ө૑  ഐജ௏٘૞ӝחޖୋ൨ٜ঻਺
↟ 1Z1Z৉द౵੉ॆܳ୭Ӕө૑بҳഅউ೮਺

ࢤ೙ಿࠗ઒

ࢤ೙ಿࠗ઒ ↟ OVNQZ TDJQZ

ࢤ೙ಿࠗ઒ ↟ OVNQZ TDJQZ ↟ %KBOHP 4PVUI

ࢤ೙ಿࠗ઒ ↟ OVNQZ TDJQZ ↟ %KBOHP 4PVUI ↟ 8FSL[FVH 'MBTL

↟ QZDSZQUP QBSBNJLP

↟ QZDSZQUP QBSBNJLP ↟ LPNCV DFMFSZ

↟ QZDSZQUP QBSBNJLP ↟ LPNCV DFMFSZ ↟ 1*-

೒ۖಬ

೒ۖಬ ↟ ઱ਃֿܻझߓನ౸ীࢲ౵੉ॆоӝࠄ੉঻Ѣա

೒ۖಬ ↟ ઱ਃֿܻझߓನ౸ীࢲ౵੉ॆоӝࠄ੉঻Ѣա ↟ ই৘౵੉ॆಁః૑оহחߓನ౸ب

೒ۖಬ ↟ ઱ਃֿܻझߓನ౸ীࢲ౵੉ॆоӝࠄ੉঻Ѣա ↟ ই৘౵੉ॆಁః૑оহחߓನ౸ب ↟ ݓ৉द౵੉ॆܳߣٜೞ૑ঋ਺

೒ۖಬ ↟ ઱ਃֿܻझߓನ౸ীࢲ౵੉ॆоӝࠄ੉঻Ѣա ↟ ই৘౵੉ॆಁః૑оহחߓನ౸ب ↟ ݓ৉द౵੉ॆܳߣٜೞ૑ঋ਺ ↟ ҳӖজূ૓١੄1BB4ب౵੉ॆܳ૑ਗউ೮਺

ա੗नҗ੄ऱ਑

ա੗नҗ੄ऱ਑ ↟ ղо૧؍ۨѢदחژয૸Ѣৈ

૑য়೐ۿ౟ח…

૑য়೐ۿ౟ח… ↟ ૑য়೐ۿ౟ࢲߡח౵੉ॆ੹ਊ

૑য়೐ۿ౟ח… ↟ ૑য়೐ۿ౟ࢲߡח౵੉ॆ੹ਊ ↟ ૑য়೐ۿ౟$-*௿ۄ੉঱౟ח౵੉ॆ੉࢚ ੉࢚

૑য়೐ۿ౟ח… ↟ ૑য়೐ۿ౟ࢲߡח౵੉ॆ੹ਊ ↟ ૑য়೐ۿ౟$-*௿ۄ੉঱౟ח౵੉ॆ੉࢚ ੉࢚ ↟ য૵׮Ӓ۠ࢤпਸ…

౵੉ॆ੄അ੤

౵੉ॆ੄അ੤ ↟ ౵੉ॆо৘੿ػ޷ېۄחؘীழޭפ౭о೤੄ೞח  ୶ࣁ

౵੉ॆ੄അ੤ ↟ ౵੉ॆо৘੿ػ޷ېۄחؘীழޭפ౭о೤੄ೞח  ୶ࣁ ↟ ൞ݎೞח޷ېоইפۄ৘੿ػ޷ې

౵੉ॆ੄അ੤ ↟ ౵੉ॆо৘੿ػ޷ېۄחؘীழޭפ౭о೤੄ೞח  ୶ࣁ ↟ ൞ݎೞח޷ېоইפۄ৘੿ػ޷ې ↟ ౵੉ॆחݺߔೞѱיযоҊ੓਺

౵੉ॆ੄അ੤ ↟ ౵੉ॆо৘੿ػ޷ېۄחؘীழޭפ౭о೤੄ೞח  ୶ࣁ ↟ ൞ݎೞח޷ېоইפۄ৘੿ػ޷ې ↟ ౵੉ॆחݺߔೞѱיযоҊ੓਺ ↟ ౵੉ॆীࢲח੼ର؊੉࢚࢜۽਍Ѫ੉աয়૑ঋ਺

౵੉ॆ੄അ੤

౵੉ॆ੄അ੤ ↟ ߈ݶ౵੉ॆ੄ࢤక҅ח੼ରழ૑Ҋ੓ਸࡺ݅ইפۄ

౵੉ॆ੄അ੤ ↟ ߈ݶ౵੉ॆ੄ࢤక҅ח੼ରழ૑Ҋ੓ਸࡺ݅ইפۄ ↟ ழ૑חоࣘب৉दૐо

౵੉ॆ੄അ੤ ↟ ߈ݶ౵੉ॆ੄ࢤక҅ח੼ରழ૑Ҋ੓ਸࡺ݅ইפۄ ↟ ழ૑חоࣘب৉दૐо ↟ ӝઓ౵੉ॆޙઁ੄Ѣ੄؀ࠗ࠙਷ࢤక҅੄ޙઁ

౵੉ॆ੄അ੤ ↟ ߈ݶ౵੉ॆ੄ࢤక҅ח੼ରழ૑Ҋ੓ਸࡺ݅ইפۄ ↟ ழ૑חоࣘب৉दૐо ↟ ӝઓ౵੉ॆޙઁ੄Ѣ੄؀ࠗ࠙਷ࢤక҅੄ޙઁ ↟ Ӓؘ۠ࢤక҅оࡅܰѱߊ੹ೞҊ੓׮

౵੉ॆ੄അ੤ ↟ ߈ݶ౵੉ॆ੄ࢤక҅ח੼ରழ૑Ҋ੓ਸࡺ݅ইפۄ ↟ ழ૑חоࣘب৉दૐо ↟ ӝઓ౵੉ॆޙઁ੄Ѣ੄؀ࠗ࠙਷ࢤక҅੄ޙઁ ↟ Ӓؘ۠ࢤక҅оࡅܰѱߊ੹ೞҊ੓׮ ↟
౵੉ॆী؀ೠಣоبददпп੤ಣоೞ૑ঋਵݶ

౵੉ॆ੄അ੤ ↟ ߈ݶ౵੉ॆ੄ࢤక҅ח੼ରழ૑Ҋ੓ਸࡺ݅ইפۄ ↟ ழ૑חоࣘب৉दૐо ↟ ӝઓ౵੉ॆޙઁ੄Ѣ੄؀ࠗ࠙਷ࢤక҅੄ޙઁ ↟ Ӓؘ۠ࢤక҅оࡅܰѱߊ੹ೞҊ੓׮ ↟
౵੉ॆী؀ೠಣоبददпп੤ಣоೞ૑ঋਵݶ ↟ ݒ׳౵੉ॆ੄ࢤక҅੄ࢎ੿਷׳ۄ૗

֙੄౵੉ॆ ↟ OVNQZ TDJQZ ↟ %KBOHP 4PVUI ↟ 8FSL[FVH 'MBTL
↟ QZDSZQUP QBSBNJLP ↟ DFMFSZ ↟ 1*-

֙੄౵੉ॆ ↟ OVNQZ TDJQZ ↟ %KBOHP 4PVUI ↟ 8FSL[FVH
'MBTL ↟ QZDSZQUP QBSBNJLP ↟ DFMFSZ ↟ 1*-

֙੄౵੉ॆ ↟ OVNQZ TDJQZ ↟ %KBOHP 4PVUI
↟ 8FSL[FVH 'MBTL ↟ QZDSZQUP QBSBNJLP ↟ DFMFSZ ↟ 1*-

֙੄౵੉ॆ ↟ OVNQZ TDJQZ ↟ %KBOHP
4PVUI ↟ 8FSL[FVH 'MBTL ↟ QZDSZQUP QBSBNJLP ↟ DFMFSZ ↟ 1JMMPX

೒ۖಬ

೒ۖಬ ↟ ઱ਃֿܻझߓನ౸ীࢲݽف౵੉ॆܳಁః૑۽૑ਗ

೒ۖಬ ↟ ઱ਃֿܻझߓನ౸ীࢲݽف౵੉ॆܳಁః૑۽૑ਗ ↟ ઃై ই஖١਷ই৘౵੉ॆоӝࠄ

೒ۖಬ ↟ ઱ਃֿܻझߓನ౸ীࢲݽف౵੉ॆܳಁః૑۽૑ਗ ↟ ઃై ই஖١਷ই৘౵੉ॆоӝࠄ ↟ ই૒ҳӖজূ૓਷౵੉ॆ݅૑ਗೞ૑݅  
೻۽௢ח౵੉ॆܳ૑ਗೣ

೻۽௢ח౵੉ॆܳ૑ਗೣ ↟ ইऔ૑݅ݓীࢲחৈ੹൤౵੉ॆ ݅ߣٜ

೻۽௢ח౵੉ॆܳ૑ਗೣ ↟ ইऔ૑݅ݓীࢲחৈ੹൤౵੉ॆ ݅ߣٜ ↟ QZFOW١ਵ۽ࢸ஖ೞݶޙઁũũ

೻۽௢ח౵੉ॆܳ૑ਗೣ ↟ ইऔ૑݅ݓীࢲחৈ੹൤౵੉ॆ ݅ߣٜ ↟ QZFOW١ਵ۽ࢸ஖ೞݶޙઁũũ ↟ 1Z1Zب੉ઁ౵੉ॆҳഅ೮਺

ࢤక҅৻੄ޙઁ

ࢤక҅৻੄ޙઁ ↟ ౵੉ॆޙઁ੄؀ࠗ࠙੉ࢤక҅৓׮ݶ…

ࢤక҅৻੄ޙઁ ↟ ౵੉ॆޙઁ੄؀ࠗ࠙੉ࢤక҅৓׮ݶ… ↟ ࢤక҅ޙઁоࢎۄ૓૑Ә਷؀୓যڃޙઁоթওਸө

ࢤక҅৻੄ޙઁ ↟ ౵੉ॆޙઁ੄؀ࠗ࠙੉ࢤక҅৓׮ݶ… ↟ ࢤక҅ޙઁоࢎۄ૓૑Ә਷؀୓যڃޙઁоթওਸө ↟ ই݃ӒѪ਷ղ੗न੉ऱ૕۞كڜ௏٘

ࢤక҅৻੄ޙઁ ↟ ౵੉ॆޙઁ੄؀ࠗ࠙੉ࢤక҅৓׮ݶ… ↟ ࢤక҅ޙઁоࢎۄ૓૑Ә਷؀୓যڃޙઁоթওਸө ↟ ই݃ӒѪ਷ղ੗न੉ऱ૕۞كڜ௏٘ ↟ Ӓېب࢜۽ऱחڜ਷౵੉ॆ۽ڜசೡࣻ੓׮

૑য়೐ۿ౟੄҃਋

૑য়೐ۿ౟੄҃਋ ↟ नӏ೐۽ં౟

૑য়೐ۿ౟੄҃਋ ↟ नӏ೐۽ં౟ ↟ ૊౵੉ॆ۽ॻয૓ۨѢद௏٘হ਺

૑য়೐ۿ౟੄҃਋ ↟ नӏ೐۽ં౟ ↟ ૊౵੉ॆ۽ॻয૓ۨѢद௏٘হ਺ ↟ ࢲߡ੉޲۽୭؀ೠৈ۞ജ҃ীࢲجইঠೡ೙ਃبহ਺

૑য়೐ۿ౟੄҃਋ ↟ नӏ೐۽ં౟ ↟ ૊౵੉ॆ۽ॻয૓ۨѢद௏٘হ਺ ↟ ࢲߡ੉޲۽୭؀ೠৈ۞ജ҃ীࢲجইঠೡ೙ਃبহ਺ ↟ ૑য়೐ۿ౟$-*௿ۄח౵੉ॆ ب૑ਗ

૑য়೐ۿ౟੄҃਋ ↟ नӏ೐۽ં౟ ↟ ૊౵੉ॆ۽ॻয૓ۨѢद௏٘হ਺ ↟ ࢲߡ੉޲۽୭؀ೠৈ۞ജ҃ীࢲجইঠೡ೙ਃبহ਺ ↟ ૑য়೐ۿ౟$-*௿ۄח౵੉ॆ ب૑ਗ
↟ ੄ઓೞחۄ੉࠳۞ܻחযڄө

ݽف౵੉ॆ૑ਗ

ݽف౵੉ॆ૑ਗ ↟ QBSBNJLPn44)ۄ੉࠳۞ܻ

ݽف౵੉ॆ૑ਗ ↟ QBSBNJLPn44)ۄ੉࠳۞ܻ ↟ 8FSL[FVH 'MBTLnਢۄ੉࠳۞ܻ

ݽف౵੉ॆ૑ਗ ↟ QBSBNJLPn44)ۄ੉࠳۞ܻ ↟ 8FSL[FVH 'MBTLnਢۄ੉࠳۞ܻ ↟ BQBDIFMJCDMPVEn*BB4௿ۄ੉঱౟ۄ੉࠳۞ܻ

ݽف౵੉ॆ૑ਗ ↟ QBSBNJLPn44)ۄ੉࠳۞ܻ ↟ 8FSL[FVH 'MBTLnਢۄ੉࠳۞ܻ ↟ BQBDIFMJCDMPVEn*BB4௿ۄ੉঱౟ۄ੉࠳۞ܻ ↟ XBJUSFTTn84(*ࢲߡ
ਢࢲߡ

ਢࢲߡ ↟ QZUFTUnױਤపझ౟೐ۨ੐ਕ௼

ਢࢲߡ ↟ QZUFTUnױਤపझ౟೐ۨ੐ਕ௼ ↟ 4QIJOYnޙࢲചبҳ

पઁ۽ो؍न߅ೠӝמٜ

पઁ۽ो؍न߅ೠӝמٜ ↟ 1&1n࠽౟ੋо࢚ജ҃ pyvenv

पઁ۽ो؍न߅ೠӝמٜ ↟ 1&1n࠽౟ੋо࢚ജ҃ pyvenv ↟ 1&1n࠽౟ੋpip

पઁ۽ो؍न߅ೠӝמٜ ↟ 1&1n࠽౟ੋо࢚ജ҃ pyvenv ↟ 1&1n࠽౟ੋpip ↟ 1&1nೣࣻয֢ప੉࣌

पઁ۽ो؍न߅ೠӝמٜ ↟ 1&1n࠽౟ੋо࢚ജ҃ pyvenv ↟ 1&1n࠽౟ੋpip ↟ 1&1nೣࣻয֢ప੉࣌ ↟ 1&1nfunctools.singledispatch

पઁ۽ो؍न߅ೠӝמٜ ↟ 1&1n࠽౟ੋо࢚ജ҃ pyvenv ↟ 1&1n࠽౟ੋpip ↟ 1&1nೣࣻয֢ప੉࣌ ↟ 1&1nfunctools.singledispatch
• datetime.timezone

1&1n࠽౟ੋо࢚ജ҃

1&1n࠽౟ੋо࢚ജ҃ ↟ ౵੉ॆ୊਺ࣁ౴ೡٸݔզೞ؍૙

1&1n࠽౟ੋо࢚ജ҃ ↟ ౵੉ॆ୊਺ࣁ౴ೡٸݔզೞ؍૙ • easy_install pip

1&1n࠽౟ੋо࢚ജ҃ ↟ ౵੉ॆ୊਺ࣁ౴ೡٸݔզೞ؍૙ • easy_install pip • pip install virtualenv

• virtualenv project-name-env

• virtualenv project-name-env ↟ ੉ઁӒրղ੢ػpyvenvݺ۸যॳݶؽ

• virtualenv project-name-env ↟ ੉ઁӒրղ੢ػpyvenvݺ۸যॳݶؽ • pyvenv project-name-env

1&1n࠽౟ੋpip

1&1n࠽౟ੋpip ↟ ؊੉࢚౵੉ॆ୊਺ࣁ౴ೡٸsetuptools pip  ࢸ஖উ೧بؽ

1&1n࠽౟ੋpip ↟ ؊੉࢚౵੉ॆ୊਺ࣁ౴ೡٸsetuptools pip  ࢸ஖উ೧بؽ ↟ 5SJWJBpipחղࠗ੸ਵ۽requests html5lib  ١ਸࢎਊ

1&1n࠽౟ੋpip ↟ ؊੉࢚౵੉ॆ୊਺ࣁ౴ೡٸsetuptools pip  ࢸ஖উ೧بؽ ↟ 5SJWJBpipחղࠗ੸ਵ۽requests html5lib  ١ਸࢎਊ ↟
pip._vendor.{requests,html5lib}  ҳ҃೧ࠁࣁਃ

1&1nೣࣻয֢ప੉࣌ class Team: """Backend interface for team membership auth...""" @typed
def authenticate(self, auth_nonce: str, requested_redirect_url: str, wsgi_environ: collections.abc.Mapping ) -> Identity: """Second step of authentication process, ..."""

1&1singledispatch

1&1singledispatch ↟ ઁցܼݫࢲ٘ ഑਷ઁցܼೣࣻۄҊࠗܰחѪ

1&1singledispatch ↟ ઁցܼݫࢲ٘ ഑਷ઁցܼೣࣻۄҊࠗܰחѪ ↟ ղоҳഅೞ૑ঋ਷௿ېझ҅கҳઑীݫࢲ٘ܳ୶оೞҊ रਸٸࢎਊ

1&1singledispatch ↟ ઁցܼݫࢲ٘ ഑਷ઁցܼೣࣻۄҊࠗܰחѪ ↟ ղоҳഅೞ૑ঋ਷௿ېझ҅கҳઑীݫࢲ٘ܳ୶оೞҊ रਸٸࢎਊ ↟ ഑਷ ௿ېझ੗୓੄ੋఠಕ੉झ۽֍ӝগݒೠӝמٜਸ 
ٮ۽ೣࣻ۽ࡐݶࢲب׮ഋࢿਸӒ؀۽ࢎਊೡࣻ੓਺

1&1singledispatch ↟ ઁցܼݫࢲ٘ ഑਷ઁցܼೣࣻۄҊࠗܰחѪ ↟ ղоҳഅೞ૑ঋ਷௿ېझ҅கҳઑীݫࢲ٘ܳ୶оೞҊ रਸٸࢎਊ ↟ ഑਷ ௿ېझ੗୓੄ੋఠಕ੉झ۽֍ӝগݒೠӝמٜਸ 
ٮ۽ೣࣻ۽ࡐݶࢲب׮ഋࢿਸӒ؀۽ࢎਊೡࣻ੓਺ ↟ ׮݅ ׮઺٣झಁ஖ח૑ਗউೣ ੗઱೙ਃೠѤইש

1&1singledispatch @singledispatch def get_metadata(driver: NodeDriver, node: Node) -> collections.abc.Mapping: return
driver.ex_get_metadata(node) ! @get_metadata.register(GCENodeDriver) def gce_get_metadata(driver: GCENodeDriver, node: Node ) -> collections.abc.Mapping: return node.extra['metadata']

datetime.timezone

datetime.timezone ↟ ಴ળdatetimeݽٕীחৈ۞ࠛಞೠ੼੉݆਷ؘ

datetime.timezone ↟ ಴ળdatetimeݽٕীחৈ۞ࠛಞೠ੼੉݆਷ؘ ↟ ࢎपӒ઺݆਷ࠗ࠙਷౵੉ॆীࢲ੉޷ݻ֙੹ী  Ҋ୛૓ࢎ೦ٜ

datetime.timezone ↟ ಴ળdatetimeݽٕীחৈ۞ࠛಞೠ੼੉݆਷ؘ ↟ ࢎपӒ઺݆਷ࠗ࠙਷౵੉ॆীࢲ੉޷ݻ֙੹ী  Ҋ୛૓ࢎ೦ٜ ↟ ౵੉ॆоיযоҊ੓׮חѪਸ੉Ѧࢎਊೞݶࢲו՝

datetime.timezone ↟ ಴ળdatetimeݽٕীחৈ۞ࠛಞೠ੼੉݆਷ؘ ↟ ࢎपӒ઺݆਷ࠗ࠙਷౵੉ॆীࢲ੉޷ݻ֙੹ী  Ҋ୛૓ࢎ೦ٜ ↟ ౵੉ॆоיযоҊ੓׮חѪਸ੉Ѧࢎਊೞݶࢲו՝ ↟ Ӓ઺ೞաоदр؀ੋఠಕ੉झ
tzinfo ݅ઁҕೡࡺद р؀੄ҳഅ਷ઁҕೞ૑ঋח׮חѪ

datetime.timezone ↟ ಴ળdatetimeݽٕীחৈ۞ࠛಞೠ੼੉݆਷ؘ ↟ ࢎपӒ઺݆਷ࠗ࠙਷౵੉ॆীࢲ੉޷ݻ֙੹ী  Ҋ୛૓ࢎ೦ٜ ↟ ౵੉ॆоיযоҊ੓׮חѪਸ੉Ѧࢎਊೞݶࢲו՝ ↟ Ӓ઺ೞաоदр؀ੋఠಕ੉झ
tzinfo ݅ઁҕೡࡺद р؀੄ҳഅ਷ઁҕೞ૑ঋח׮חѪ ↟ ब૑য65$ઑରب

datetime.timezone

datetime.timezone ↟ Ӓؘ۠౵੉ॆীࢲח੉޷Ҋ୛ઉ੓঻؍Ѫ੉׮

datetime.timezone ↟ Ӓؘ۠౵੉ॆীࢲח੉޷Ҋ୛ઉ੓঻؍Ѫ੉׮ • datetime.timezone.utc

datetime.timezone ↟ Ӓؘ۠౵੉ॆীࢲח੉޷Ҋ୛ઉ੓঻؍Ѫ੉׮ • datetime.timezone.utc • timezone(timedelta(housrs=9), 'KST')

datetime.timezone ↟ Ӓؘ۠౵੉ॆীࢲח੉޷Ҋ୛ઉ੓঻؍Ѫ੉׮ • datetime.timezone.utc • timezone(timedelta(housrs=9), 'KST') ↟ ݒ೐۽ં౟݃׮myproject.tzݽٕٜ݅؍૙ 
؊੉࢚উ೧بؽ

पઁ۽ो؍न߅ೠӝמٜ

पઁ۽ो؍न߅ೠӝמٜ ↟ 1&1n঱ಁఊীࢲ*ো࢑੗ࢎਊ

पઁ۽ो؍न߅ೠӝמٜ ↟ 1&1n঱ಁఊীࢲ*ো࢑੗ࢎਊ ↟ 1&1nউଃ৘৻ࠁৈ઱ӝ

पઁ۽ो؍न߅ೠӝמٜ ↟ 1&1n঱ಁఊীࢲ*ো࢑੗ࢎਊ ↟ 1&1nউଃ৘৻ࠁৈ઱ӝ ↟ 1&1nৌѢഋ

पઁ۽ो؍न߅ೠӝמٜ ↟ 1&1n঱ಁఊীࢲ*ো࢑੗ࢎਊ ↟ 1&1nউଃ৘৻ࠁৈ઱ӝ ↟ 1&1nৌѢഋ • urllib.request.Request.method

1&1঱ಁఊীࢲ*ো࢑੗

1&1঱ಁఊীࢲ*ো࢑੗ ↟ ౵੉ॆীࢲبೣࣻੋ੗ীח*ো࢑੗ܳॶࣻ੓਺

1&1঱ಁఊীࢲ*ো࢑੗ ↟ ౵੉ॆীࢲبೣࣻੋ੗ীח*ো࢑੗ܳॶࣻ੓਺ ↟ ੉ઁחౚ೒঱ಁఊ١ীࢲبڙэ੉ॶࣻ੓׮חѪ

1&1঱ಁఊীࢲ*ো࢑੗ ↟ ౵੉ॆীࢲبೣࣻੋ੗ীח*ো࢑੗ܳॶࣻ੓਺ ↟ ੉ઁחౚ೒঱ಁఊ١ীࢲبڙэ੉ॶࣻ੓׮חѪ • fst, snd, *rest =
get_list()

1&1঱ಁఊীࢲ*ো࢑੗ ↟ ౵੉ॆীࢲبೣࣻੋ੗ীח*ো࢑੗ܳॶࣻ੓਺ ↟ ੉ઁחౚ೒঱ಁఊ١ীࢲبڙэ੉ॶࣻ੓׮חѪ • fst, snd, *rest =
get_list() • fst, snd, *mid, last = get_list()

1&1nউଃ৘৻಴द def a(): raise ValueError('something went wrong') def b(): try:
a() except ValueError: raise RuntimeError('crashed') b()

1&1nউଃ৘৻಴द

1&1nউଃ৘৻಴द ↟ ৘৻ܳ੟ইࢲ׮ܲഋక੄৘৻ఋੑਵ۽׮द؍૕ٸ

1&1nউଃ৘৻಴द ↟ ৘৻ܳ੟ইࢲ׮ܲഋక੄৘৻ఋੑਵ۽׮द؍૕ٸ ↟ ౵੉ॆীࢲחী۞ݫࣁ૑ী߄Ӵଃ੄झఖ౟ۨ੉झ݅  ಴दؽ

1&1nউଃ৘৻಴द ↟ ৘৻ܳ੟ইࢲ׮ܲഋక੄৘৻ఋੑਵ۽׮द؍૕ٸ ↟ ౵੉ॆীࢲחী۞ݫࣁ૑ী߄Ӵଃ੄झఖ౟ۨ੉झ݅  ಴दؽ ↟ ٣ߡӒೡٸ೧׼झఖө૑ٜযоࢲউଃীࢲपઁ۽ח  যڃ৘৻оդѤ૑૒੽଺ইࠊঠೣ

1&1nউଃ৘৻಴द ↟ ৘৻ܳ੟ইࢲ׮ܲഋక੄৘৻ఋੑਵ۽׮द؍૕ٸ ↟ ౵੉ॆীࢲחী۞ݫࣁ૑ী߄Ӵଃ੄झఖ౟ۨ੉झ݅  ಴दؽ ↟ ٣ߡӒೡٸ೧׼झఖө૑ٜযоࢲউଃীࢲपઁ۽ח  যڃ৘৻оդѤ૑૒੽଺ইࠊঠೣ ↟
౵੉ॆীࢲחউଃীࢲդয়ܨبэ੉ࠁৈષ

1&1nউଃ৘৻಴द Traceback (most recent call last): File "t.py", line 6,
in b a() File "t.py", line 2, in a raise ValueError('something went wrong') ValueError: something went wrong During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred: Traceback (most recent call last): File "t.py", line 10, in <module> b() File "t.py", line 8, in b raise RuntimeError('crashed') RuntimeError: crashed

1&1nৌѢഋ class KeyType(enum.Enum): """SSH key types.""" ecdsa_ssh2_nistp256 = 'ecdsa-sha2-nistp256' ecdsa_ssh2_nistp384
= 'ecdsa-sha2-nistp384' ecdsa_ssh2_nistp521 = 'ecdsa-sha2-nistp521' ssh_dss = 'ssh-dss' ssh_rsa = 'ssh-rsa'

1&1nৌѢഋ >>> list(KeyType) [KeyType.ecdsa_ssh2_nistp256, KeyType.ecdsa_ssh2_nistp384, KeyType.ecdsa_ssh2_nistp521, KeyType.ssh_dss, KeyType.ssh_rsa] >>> KeyType.ssh_rsa
KeyType.ssh_rsa >>> KeyType.ssh_rsa.name 'ssh_rsa' >>> KeyType.ssh_rsa.value 'ssh-rsa'

Request.method

Request.method ↟ ౵੉ॆীࢲurllib2оurllib.request۽  ੉ܴ߸҃ؽ

Request.method ↟ ౵੉ॆীࢲurllib2оurllib.request۽  ੉ܴ߸҃ؽ ↟ ӝઓীחurllib2ীࢲGET POSTݫࢲ٘݅ࢎਊоמ

Request.method ↟ ౵੉ॆীࢲurllib2оurllib.request۽  ੉ܴ߸҃ؽ ↟ ӝઓীחurllib2ীࢲGET POSTݫࢲ٘݅ࢎਊоמ ↟ ੉ઁחPUT DELETE١׮ܲݫࢲ٘بࢎਊоמ

↟ PUTೞաࠁղ੗Ҋrequestsӭইࢲॳ؍૙਷উ֞

↟ PUTೞաࠁղ੗Ҋrequestsӭইࢲॳ؍૙਷উ֞ ↟ Ӓր౵੉ॆо੿࢚੉ইפ঻؍Ѫэ૑݅

౵੉ॆ ੉ઁࢿࠛदఈद׮

౵੉ॆ ੉ઁࢿࠛदఈद׮ ↟ ౵੉ॆח੼੼؊౵੉ॆࣁ࢚੄ഌఖਸޅࠁѱؼѪ

౵੉ॆ ੉ઁࢿࠛदఈद׮ ↟ ౵੉ॆח੼੼؊౵੉ॆࣁ࢚੄ഌఖਸޅࠁѱؼѪ ↟ ੉޷౵੉ॆח݆਷ࠛ੉੊ਸ߉Ҋ੓਺

౵੉ॆ ੉ઁࢿࠛदఈद׮ ↟ ౵੉ॆח੼੼؊౵੉ॆࣁ࢚੄ഌఖਸޅࠁѱؼѪ ↟ ੉޷౵੉ॆח݆਷ࠛ੉੊ਸ߉Ҋ੓਺ ↟ ৘1&1n1ZUIPOYਸਤೠ֎౟ਕ௼ࠁউъച

౵੉ॆ ੉ઁࢿࠛदఈद׮ ↟ ౵੉ॆח੼੼؊౵੉ॆࣁ࢚੄ഌఖਸޅࠁѱؼѪ ↟ ੉޷౵੉ॆח݆਷ࠛ੉੊ਸ߉Ҋ੓਺ ↟ ৘1&1n1ZUIPOYਸਤೠ֎౟ਕ௼ࠁউъച ↟ ࢿ੢੉হח౵੉ॆ
੉ઁ֬ইસद׮

WE’RE HIRING ૌѩѱѐߊೞחӝࢄਸೣԋաׂزܐܳ଺णפ׮ IUUQTQPRBHJUIVCJPKPCIUNM

Geofront 개발 후기: Python 2와 작별하고 Python 3로 개발하기

Geofront 개발 후기: Python 2와 작별하고 Python 3로 개발하기

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