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mongodb
April 20, 2012
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Advanced Shell Tips and Tricks
MongoDB Stockholm 2012 - Advanced Shell Tips and Tricks - Spencer Brody, Engineer, 10gen
mongodb
April 20, 2012
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Transcript
MASTERING THE SHELL Spencer Brody –
[email protected]
@stbrody
What is the shell? • vars • functions • data
structs + types Embedded Javascript Interpreter • ObjectId("...") • new Date() • Object.bsonsize() Global Functions and Objects • db["collection"].find/count/update • short-hand for collections MongoDB driver Exposed • Doesn't require quoted keys • Don’t copy and paste too much JSON-like stuff
What is it good for? ¨ Interactive development/prototyping ¨ Debugging
¨ Test scripting (ex. MongoDB’s own regression tests) ¨ Administrative operations, lightweight scripting ¨ Learning (and teaching) MongoDB ¨ Not building apps, probably
Interactive mode ¨ Demo now J ¨ for(i = 0;
i <1000; i++) { db.test.insert({x:i, ts: new Date()}) }
Command Line ¨ --eval ¤ Printing values ¨ Pass in
a script
Loading Scripts ¨ Command line ¨ load() – also runs
The Bad: JS Types ¨ Numbers Suck (but getting better)
¤ 32/64bit signed (int/long) – 1.5.4>NumberLong(“”) ¤ Displayed funny ¤ Everything is a 64bit fp (double) ¨ Dates are a challenge ¤ new Date(“1/1/1”) ¤ Not Date(“1/1/1”) -> string
The Bad: JS is Slow ¨ Shell ¤ Safe/GLE ¤
Loops and updates ¤ Data conversions ¨ Server ¤ It pretty much applies here too ¤ Be careful with numbers as well
Shell helpers ¨ Show collections/dbs ¨ Use <db>
Cursors ¨ Cursors printed by iterating and printing 20 values
¨ find automatically sets “it” global var ¨ Cursors as first-class objects
Run Commands ¨ db.runCommand({…}) ¨ db.runCommand(“getLastError”) ¨ db.adminCommand({…})
Useful Commands ¨ getCmdLineOpts ¨ ping ¨ isMaster ¨ reIndex
¨ sharding ¨ replication
Help > help > help admin > help misc >
db.help() > db.coll.help()
Expose Functions ¨ Leave off the () to see the
function: > db.getSiblingDB function (name) { return this.getMongo().getDB(name);
Cool functions ¨ printjson -> tojson ¨ forEach on array/query/cursor
> [{x:1},{y:1}].forEach(function(x){printjson(x)}) { "x" : 1 } { "y" : 1 } ¨ Object.bsonsize Object.bsonsize(c.findOne({name:”scott”})) ¨ load(file) ¨ run(file)
Print all Indexes db.getCollectionNames(). forEach(function(x){ print(“Collection: “ + x); printjson(db[x].getIndexes());
})
Getting the Biggest Doc var cursor = db.coll.find(); var biggest=0;
var doc = {}; cursor.forEach(function (x) { var size = Object.bsonsize(x); if (size > biggest) { biggest=size; doc = x; } });
.mongorc.js ¨ File loaded at startup ¨ Can be used
to setup functions you always want defined ¨ Can set custom prompts
Questions ¨ That’s all…folks! ¨ try.mongodb.org – web based shell
¨
[email protected]