Belarus Jenkins Meetup. Managing security in Jenkins with Config-as-Code and Roles

Managing security in Jenkins with Configuration-as-Code and roles Oleg Nenashev
CloudBees, Inc. Belarus Jenkins Meetup Minsk, July 29, 2017

@oleg_nenashev, #jenkinsBY © 2017 CloudBees, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 2
About me @oleg_nenashev oleg-nenashev LibreCores project St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Jenkins meetups

Oleg’s “Hall of Shame”(c) • Plugins • Jenkins Core • Windows Service Wrapper • Remoting • Security

About you

Agenda •Introduction to Jenkins Security •System Configuration-as-Code in Jenkins •Ownership-based security •Live Demos Disclaimer: • Presentation represent the author’s personal opinion • Author’s personal opinion may differ from official positions of CloudBees and/or Jenkins community • Many Jenkins instances were harmed, use carefully

1. Most popular CI/CD tool in the world 2. Generic automation server 3. Flexible and extensible 4. It’s open source, big community 5. Commercial support vendors 6. … Who is Mr. Jenkins? https://jenkins.io

Jenkins is a… remote execution engine (by design)

Jenkins is a… remote execution engine (by design) • One can run code and system commands • Access to master system • Access to agents • Access to private/public clouds

Jenkins… has access to sensitive data (by design)

Jenkins… has access to sensitive data (by design) • Credentials • Private repositories • Artifacts, including release ones

Jenkins is a… service (by design)

Jenkins is a… service (by design) • Multiple users • Different expertise • Users may misuse permissions

What does security mean? Jenkins security Intrusion and data theft protection Restrictions within organization

Jenkins security Intrusion and data theft protection Restrictions within organization • Must-have in internet-facing instances • Paranoid mode is fine What does security mean?

Jenkins security Intrusion and data theft protection Restrictions within organization • Better user experience • Protection from unintentional actions • Protection from lack of expertise What does security mean?

Protecting Jenkins instance. Basic Rules

•Limited number of admins •Permissions •Security audit Rule #0. Use security!

• Security Team • Fixes in Jenkins core and Plugins • https://jenkins.io/security/ Jenkins Board Core Team Security LTS Events INFRA Website

Rule #1. Keep Updating • Frequent security releases • Weekly • Current LTS baseline • Info sources • https://jenkins.io/security/advisories/ • jenkinsci-advisories mailing list (including announcements) • RSS feed 2.46.2 Exploits are in the wild, update ASAP

•Not enough? LTS is only 3 months…

•Not enough? •Build your own core (custom fork) •HINT: Join the security team to get info about changes in advance LTS is only 3 months…

•Not enough? •Build your own core (custom fork) •Use custom versions from vendors: • https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Commercial+Support • CloudBees Jenkins Enterprise LTS is only 3 months…

Do you pull latest images from DockerHub?

•What’s inside? •Who can change them? •What if there is a malicious code? Do you pull latest images from DockerHub?

•What’s inside? •Who can change them? •What if there is a malicious code? •How is it different from other package sources? Do you pull latest images from DockerHub?

Rule #2. Know what you use Monitor plugin versions and release notes • Beware of transient dependencies (!) • Also monitor JIRA Consider using locally managed sources • Internal Maven • Docker Registry • Custom Jenkins Update Center: Juseppe • https://github.com/yandex-qatools/juseppe Use static configurations • Configuration-as-Code

Configuration as Code in Jenkins Jobs System Configurations

System Configurations… as Code External tools Jenkins CLI and REST API python- jenkins jenkins-client (java) Configuration Management Ansible, Chef, … Docker, Docker Compose ... Solutions in Jenkins Groovy Boot Hooks System Config DSL (alpha) Scriptler Plugin SCM Sync Configuration Unstable Just examples… Insecure

Groovy Hooks • Universal solution • Hooks on startup events • init, boot-failure • Scripts • WEB-INF/HOOK.groovy in jenkins.war • WEB-INF/HOOK.groovy.d/*.groovy in jenkins.war • $JENKINS_HOME/HOOK.groovy • $JENKINS_HOME/HOOK.groovy.d/*.groovy in lexical order https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Groovy+Hook+Script

https://hub.docker.com/r/onenashev/ demo-jenkins-config-as-code/ Groovy Hooks

Is it enough?

Rule #3. Keep Jenkins in a sandbox Do not run masters/agents under system accounts Restrict access to non-required resources • Generic accounts • Read-only repositories Sandbox your scripts as well

Scryptocalypse https://jenkins.io/security/advisory/2017-04-10/ • Unlimited scripting • More than 30 plugins affected •Groovy Plugin •JobDSL Plugin •Grails Plugin •Scriptler Plugin • Some of them are blocked

DIY

Jenkins Script Security https://plugins.jenkins.io/ script-security DIY

Script Security Plugin Used in [almost] all Groovy plugins https://plugins.jenkins.io/script-security

Is it enough to become secure?

Rule #4. Do not Run Jobs on master • Builds have access to the master filesystem • They can… • Read data from other builds/artifacts • Read secret hashes • Modify Jenkins system configuration • … • You don’t want that

Rule #4. Do not Run Jobs on master • Solution 1: • Set “0” executors on master • Another node running under different account • BUT: Does not protect from fly-weight tasks

Rule #4. Do not Run Jobs on master • Solution 1: • 0 executors on master • Another node running under different account • BUT: Does not protect from fly-weight tasks • Solution 2: • Job Restrictions Plugin • Details: later

•By default builds run with the System account •Users may trigger wrong builds •Users can extract data Rule #5. Do not trust your builds

Authorize Project Plugin Authorize builds • Global default • Whitelist of user- configurable strategies • Job properties https://plugins.jenkins.io/authorize-project

•Audit Trail – logging of actions •https://plugins.jenkins.io/audit-trail •Security Inspector – permission checks •https://plugins.jenkins.io/security-inspector •… Rule #6. Audit your security

Security Inspector Plugin https://plugins.jenkins.io/security-inspector Reports for jobs, agents and users

•Assign leads to jobs and agents •Share the maintenance effort with them •Make the ownership explicit Rule #7. Make the responsibilities explicit

Common strategies do not “just work” Project Matrix Authorization Strategy • Hard to manage • No support of Node permissions Role-Based Strategy • Regular expression for each role • Performance: Hundreds of Regex checks every request • Web UI easily hangs

Ownership-Based Security

Ownership-based Security Role- Strategy Ownership Job Restrictions • Assign owners of jobs/nodes • Fancy UI • Auth strategy • Macro engine • Restrict runs for jobs and nodes http://bit.ly/ownership-based-security + Authorize Project

Ownership Plugin • Primary and Secondary Owners • Summary Boxes, View filters, etc. • Environment variables • Integration with Security plugins Customizable layout https://plugins.jenkins.io/ownership

Ownership Info. Definition and Inheritance Folders Jobs Nodes Runs Sub- Projects

Demo. What’s inside? Ownership 0.10.0 Job Restrictions 0.6 Security Inspector 0.4 Jenkins core 2.62.2 (minimal – 1.625) Authorize Project 1.3.0 Dynamic Search View 0.2.2 Role Strategy 2.5.1

https://hub.docker.com/r/onenashev/ demo-jenkins-config-as-code/

Setting ownership info

Ownership Info. What Do you get? • Ownership Summary Boxes • Ownership View Columns • View Filters • Also: @Me macro Customizable layout

Example: Quick administration contacts Customizable template

Ownership-Based Security. Role-Based Strategy Settings Roles [1/2]

Ownership-Based Security. Role-Based Strategy Settings Roles [2/2]

Ownership-Based Security. Role-Based Strategy Settings Assignments

Jobs. Securing access Untrusted secondary owners!

Jobs. Authorize Project Jobs get authenticated as owners => • Permissions • Node access (Computer.BUILD)

Using Data in Jobs. Freestyle

Using Data in Jobs. Pipeline

Jenkins nodes • Similar Ownership Management • Special permission • Node Ownership Monitor • => info in the table

Securing Nodes

Job Restrictions. Protecting the Master node • NEVER let users run jobs on master • Only use it for system jobs owned by admins

Ownership-Based Security: Links Plugins: • https://plugins.jenkins.io/ownership • https://plugins.jenkins.io/role-strategy • https://plugins.jenkins.io/job-restrictions • https://plugins.jenkins.io/authorize-project Ownership-based security: • http://bit.ly/ownership-based-security Demo • https://github.com/oleg-nenashev/demo-jenkins-config-as-code

Ownership-Based Security: Out of the scope • Item-specific security •Plugging Matrix Project Security into Ownership Engine • Ownership-based restrictions for triggering jobs • Ownership assignment policy on create/copy • Groovy API for System Scripts (needs some love) • “sudo” mode implementation for admins

•Follow the security advisories •Keep your Jenkins up to date •Use Security plugins Takeaways

•Many existing solutions for large-scale •They are not well documented sometimes… •But they exist Rule #-1. Explore

•Security page: https://jenkins.io/security/ •Advisories: https://jenkins.io/security/advisories/ •Ownership-based security: http://bit.ly/ownership-based-security •Demo: https://hub.docker.com/r/onenashev/demo-jenkins- config-as-code/ Links

Thank you! Contacts: E-mail: [email protected] GitHub: oleg-nenashev Twitter: @oleg_nenashev

Belarus Jenkins Meetup. Managing security in Jenkins with Config-as-Code and Roles

Belarus Jenkins Meetup. Managing security in Jenkins with Config-as-Code and Roles

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