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ディリクレ過程の定義

 ディリクレ過程の定義

seetheworld1992

December 20, 2016
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  1. . . . . . . . σΟϦΫϨաఔͷఆٛ @seetheworld1992 2016/12/21

    @seetheworld1992 σΟϦΫϨաఔͷఆٛ 2016/12/21 1 / 7
  2. ࢀߟจݙ ຊࢿྉΛ࡞੒͢Δʹ͋ͨΓɼҎԼͷจݙΛࢀߟʹͨ͠ɽ Antoniak, C. (1974), Mixtures of Dirichlet processes with

    applications to Bayesian nonparametric problems, The Annals of Statistics, Vol.2, No.6, pp.1152-1174. Ferguson, T. (1973), Bayesian analysis of some nonparametric problems, The Annals of Statistics, Vol.1, No.2, pp.209-230. @seetheworld1992 σΟϦΫϨաఔͷఆٛ 2016/12/21 2 / 7
  3. ४උ:ΨϯϚ෼෍ Ferguron(1973) ʹΑΔΨϯϚ෼෍ͷఆٛΛࣔ͢ɽ . Definition 1. . . . .

    . . . . ܗঢ়฼਺ α ≥ 0ɼई౓฼਺ β > 0 ͷΨϯϚ෼෍Λ G (α, β) ͱ͢Δɽα = 0 ͷͱ͖ɼ͜ͷ෼෍͸ 0 ʹୀԽ͢Δ; α > 0 ͷͱ͖ɼ͜ͷ෼෍͸࣮਺্ͷϧ ϕʔάଌ౓ʹؔ͢ΔҎԼͷີ౓Λ΋ͭɽ f(z|α, β) = 1 Γ(α)βα e−z/βzα−1I(0,∞) (z) Γ(α) = ∫ ∞ 0 xα−1e−xdx IS(z) = { 1 (z ∈ S) 0 (z / ∈ S) @seetheworld1992 σΟϦΫϨաఔͷఆٛ 2016/12/21 3 / 7
  4. ४උ:σΟϦΫϨ෼෍ (1/2) Ferguron(1973) ʹΑΔσΟϦΫϨ෼෍ͷఆٛΛࣔ͢ɽ . Definition 2. . . .

    . . . . . αj ≥ 0 for all j, αj > 0 for some j, j = 1, · · · , k ͱ͠ɼZj ∈ G (αj, 1) Λ ຬͨ͢ Z1, Z2, · · · , Zk Λޓ͍ʹಠཱͳ֬཰ม਺ (ͷྻ) ͱ͢Δɽ (Y1, · · · , Yk) ͷ෼෍Λύϥϝʔλ (α1, · · · , αk) ͷσΟϦΫϨ෼෍ͱ͍͏ɽ ͜͜Ͱ Yj = Zj/ k ∑ i=1 Zi, for j = 1, · · · , k Ͱ͋Δɽ·ͨσΟϦΫϨ෼෍Λ D(α1, · · · , αk) ͱॻ͘ɽ Y1 + · · · + Yk = 1 Ͱ͋ΔͷͰɼ͜ͷ෼෍͸ k ࣍ݩϧϕʔάଌ౓ʹؔͯ͠ৗ ʹಛҟͰ͋Δ 1ɽ·ͨ೚ҙͷ αj = 0 ͳΒ͹ɼରԠ͢Δ Yj ͸ 0 ʹୀԽ͢Δɽ 1۩ମྫͱͯ͠ k = 2 ͷͱ͖Λߟ͑Δͱɼີ౓ؔ਺͸௚ઢ Y1 + Y2 = 1 ্ʹ஋ΛͱΔɽ ೋ࣍ݩϧϕʔάଌ౓ʹؔͯ͠ಛҟͱ͸ɼ͜ͷͱ͖ʹີ౓Λੵ෼ͯ֬͠཰ΛٻΊΑ͏ͱ͠ ͯ΋ɼີ౓ؔ਺ͷԼଆͷମੵΛٻΊΒΕͳ͍͜ͱʹରԠ͢Δɽ @seetheworld1992 σΟϦΫϨաఔͷఆٛ 2016/12/21 4 / 7
  5. ४උ:σΟϦΫϨ෼෍ (2/2) ҰํͰɼαj > 0 for all j ͳΒ͹ɼ(Y1, ·

    · · , Yk−1) ͷ෼෍͸ k − 1 ࣍ݩϧ ϕʔάଌ౓ʹରͯ͠ઈର࿈ଓͰҎԼͷີ౓Λ΋ͭ 2ɽ f(y1, · · · , yk−1|α1, · · · , αk) = Γ(α1 + · · · + αk) Γ(α1) · · · Γ(αk) ( k−1 ∏ j=1 yαj−1 j )(1 − k−1 ∑ j=1 yj)αk−1IS(y1, · · · , yk−1) ͜͜Ͱ S ͸ k − 1 ࣍ݩͷ୯ମ (simplex) Ͱ͋Δɽ S = {(y1, · · · , yk−1) : yj ≥ 0, k−1 ∑ j=1 yj ≤ 1} 2k = 2 ͱ͢Δͱɼϕʔλ෼෍ De(α1 , α2 ) ͱͳΔɽ @seetheworld1992 σΟϦΫϨաఔͷఆٛ 2016/12/21 5 / 7
  6. ४උ:Մଌ෼ׂ Ferguron(1973) ʹҎԼͷهड़͕͋Δ 3ɽͨͩ͠ɼΘ Λू߹ɼA Λ Θ ͷ෦ ෼ू߹Λཁૉͱ͢Δ σ

    ू߹ମͱ͢Δɽ ʢ͜͜Ͱ͸ɼBi ∈ A for all i, Bi ∩ Bj = ϕ for all i ̸= j, ∪k j=1 Bj = Θ ͳ Β͹ (B1, · · · , Bk) ΛՄଌ෼ׂͱ͍͏͜ͱʹ͢Δʣ 3Ferguron(1973) Ͱ͸ɼΘ Ͱ͸ͳ͘ X Λ࢖༻͍ͯ͠Δɽ @seetheworld1992 σΟϦΫϨաఔͷఆٛ 2016/12/21 6 / 7
  7. σΟϦΫϨաఔ Antoniak(1974) ʹ͸σΟϦΫϨաఔͷఆٛͱͯ͠ҎԼ͕ࣔ͞Ε͍ͯΔ 4ɽ . Definition 3. . . .

    . . . . . Θ Λू߹ɼA Λ Θ ͷ෦෼ू߹Λཁૉͱ͢Δ σ ू߹ମͱ͢Δɽα Λ (Θ, A ) ্ͷۭͰͳ͍༗ݶଌ౓ (ඇෛͰ༗ݶՃ๏త) ͱ͢Δɽ͢΂ͯͷ k = 1, 2, · · · ͱ Θ ͷ͋ΒΏΔՄଌ෼ׂ (B1, · · · , Bk) ʹ͍ͭͯɼ (P(B1), · · · , P(Bk)) ͷಉ࣌෼෍͕ύϥϝʔλ (α(B1), · · · , α(Bk)) Λ΋ͭ σΟϦΫϨɼ͢ͳΘͪ (P(B1), · · · , P(Bk)) ∈ D(α(B1), · · · , α(Bk)) ͳΒ ͹ɼ(Θ, A ) ্ͷϥϯμϜͳ֬཰ଌ౓ P Λ (Θ, A ) ্ͷύϥϝʔλ α Λ΋ ͭσΟϦΫϨաఔͱ͍͍ɼP ∈ D(α) ͱ͔͘ɽ(α(Bi) = 0 ͷͱ͖ɼ P(Bi) = 0 ͕֬཰ 1 Ͱ੒Γཱͭɽ) ·ͨɼAntoniak(1974) ʹ͸࣮࣭తʹҎԼΛҙຯ͢Δهड़΋͋Δɽ ʮ͜ͷఆٛ͸ ([0, 1]A , BFA ) ্ͷ֬཰ P ͷଘࡏΛຬ͍ͨͯ͠Δɽ͜͜ Ͱ [0, 1]A ͸ A ͔Β [0, 1] ΁ͷશͯͷؔ਺ͷۭؒΛද͢ͱ͠ɼBFA ͸γ Ϧϯμʔू߹ʹΑΓੜ੒͞ΕΔ σ ू߹ମΛද͢ͱ͢Δɽ ʯ 4Ferguron(1973) ʹΑΓఆٛ͞Εͨ΋ͷͰ͋Δ͕ɼ͜͜Ͱ͸͜ͷهड़Λ༻͍Δɽ @seetheworld1992 σΟϦΫϨաఔͷఆٛ 2016/12/21 7 / 7