Upgrade to Pro
— share decks privately, control downloads, hide ads and more …
Speaker Deck
Features
Speaker Deck
PRO
Sign in
Sign up for free
Search
Search
Your CSS is a Mess from Rustbelt Refresh
Search
snookca
May 03, 2013
Programming
4
270
Your CSS is a Mess from Rustbelt Refresh
As presented at Rustbelt Refresh 2013 in Cleveland, OH.
snookca
May 03, 2013
Tweet
Share
More Decks by snookca
See All by snookca
Responsive Web Applications
snookca
0
1.6k
Responsive Web Applications
snookca
4
980
Responsive Web Applications
snookca
0
170
Responsive Web Applications with Container Queries
snookca
3
680
Responsive Web Applications
snookca
0
100
The Future is In Pieces
snookca
1
160
Becoming a Deep Generalist
snookca
1
490
Your CSS is a Mess from ShropGeek's Revolution Conf
snookca
4
180
Your CSS is a Mess from SmartWeb
snookca
0
240
Other Decks in Programming
See All in Programming
バイブコーディング × 設計思考
nogu66
0
120
WebAssemblyインタプリタを書く ~Component Modelを添えて~
ruccho
1
840
Honoアップデート 2025年夏
yusukebe
0
170
Langfuseと歩む生成AI活用推進
licux
3
250
#QiitaBash TDDで(自分の)開発がどう変わったか
ryosukedtomita
1
370
エンジニアのための”最低限いい感じ”デザイン入門
shunshobon
0
110
あなたとJIT, 今すぐアセンブ ル
sisshiki1969
1
680
実践!App Intents対応
yuukiw00w
1
280
MCP連携で加速するAI駆動開発/mcp integration accelerates ai-driven-development
bpstudy
0
300
Amazon Q CLI開発で学んだAIコーディングツールの使い方
licux
3
180
DataformでPythonする / dataform-de-python
snhryt
0
180
Introduction to Git & GitHub
latte72
0
110
Featured
See All Featured
Navigating Team Friction
lara
188
15k
Connecting the Dots Between Site Speed, User Experience & Your Business [WebExpo 2025]
tammyeverts
8
460
Design and Strategy: How to Deal with People Who Don’t "Get" Design
morganepeng
131
19k
How to train your dragon (web standard)
notwaldorf
96
6.2k
Optimizing for Happiness
mojombo
379
70k
Product Roadmaps are Hard
iamctodd
PRO
54
11k
Thoughts on Productivity
jonyablonski
69
4.8k
[Rails World 2023 - Day 1 Closing Keynote] - The Magic of Rails
eileencodes
36
2.5k
Easily Structure & Communicate Ideas using Wireframe
afnizarnur
194
16k
Let's Do A Bunch of Simple Stuff to Make Websites Faster
chriscoyier
507
140k
ReactJS: Keep Simple. Everything can be a component!
pedronauck
667
120k
I Don’t Have Time: Getting Over the Fear to Launch Your Podcast
jcasabona
33
2.4k
Transcript
YOUR CSS IS A MESS
None
None
None
1 person.
None
4 designers.
5 developers.
1 team.
1 project.
None
30 designers.
None
200 engineers.
5 prototypers.
multiple teams.
multiple projects.
CSS is easy.
None
None
li { }
oat: left padding: 3px 50px; margin: 0;
.block { display:block !important; } .inline { display:inline !important; }
.hide { display:none !important; } .s-none { margin:0 !important; } .s { margin:10px !important; } .ss { margin:20px !important; } .sr { margin-right:10px !important; } .p-none { padding:0 !important; } .p { padding:10px !important; } .pp { padding:20px !important; } .pt { padding-top:10px !important; } .w-auto { width:auto !important; }
None
.layout_1_2 #blogList .pageitem .statusBar {} .layout_1_2 #blogList .pageitem .statusBar .status,
#blogList .pageitem .statusBar .status .status1 { } .layout_1_2 #blogList .pageitem .statusBar .status { } .layout_1_2 #blogList .pageitem .statusBar .status .status1 { } .layout_1_2 #blogList .pageitem .statusBar .status .status1 a { } .layout_1_2 #blogList .pageitem .statusBar .status .status1 .sep {}
.layout_1_2 #blogList .pageitem .statusBar {} .layout_1_2 #blogList .pageitem .statusBar .status,
#blogList .pageitem .statusBar .status .status1 { } .layout_1_2 #blogList .pageitem .statusBar .status { } .layout_1_2 #blogList .pageitem .statusBar .status .status1 { } .layout_1_2 #blogList .pageitem .statusBar .status .status1 a { } .layout_1_2 #blogList .pageitem .statusBar .status .status1 .sep {}
#comments .comment .meta .authorname {} #comments .comment .meta .commentnumber a
{}
#comments .comment .meta .authorname {} #comments .comment .meta .commentnumber a
{}
#nav-header ul li { float: left; ... } #nav-content ul
li { float: left; ... }
/* ======== SECTION: STYLE VARIABLES ======== */ $icon_sprite:url('icon-sprite.png') no-repeat; $black_header_height:40px;
$content_header_height:66px; $container_width:994px; $sidebar_width:158px; $page_width: $container_width - $sidebar_width - 20px; $outer_page_width: $container_width - $sidebar_width; /* ======== END SECTION: STYLE VARIABLES ======== */ /* ======== SECTION: 4.0. SCSS MIXINS ======== */ /* 4.2. Transitions */ @mixin transition($properties:all,$timing:0.3s,$transition:ease-in-out,$delay:0.0s) { -o- transition: $properties $timing $transition $delay; -webkit-transition: $properties $timi $transition $delay; -moz-transition: $properties $timing $transition $delay; } /* 4.3. Box Shadows */ @mixin box-shadow($s1) { -webkit-box-shadow:$s1; -moz-box-shadow:$s1; box-shadow:$s1; } @mixin double-box-shadow($s1,$s2:0 0 0 rgba(0,0,0,0)) { -webkit-box-shadow:$s1,$s2; -moz- shadow:$s1,$s2; box-shadow:$s1,$s2; } /* 4.4. Rounded Corners */ @mixin rounded($px:3px) { -webkit-border-radius:$px; -moz-border-radius:$px; border-radiu $px; } /* 4.5. Border Radius */ @mixin border-radius($tr,$tl,$br,$bl) { -moz-border-radius:$tr $tl $br $bl; -webkit-borde radius:$tr $tl $br $bl; border-radius:$tr $tl $br $bl; } /* 4.6. Gradients */ @mixin gradient($color1, $color2) { background-color:$color1; background-image:-o-linear- gradient($color2, $color1); background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear,left bottom,left top,color-stop(0, $color1),color-stop(1, $color2)); background-image: -moz-linear-
None
None
Scalable and Modular Architecture for CSS
SMACSS
3 Considerations
3 Categorization Naming Convention Decouple HTML/CSS
1 Categorization
Categorization • Base • Layout • Module • State •
Theme
Base
html { background-color: #FFF; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;
} body { margin: 0; padding: 0; } h1, h2, h3 { margin: 1em 0; }
Layout
None
Sidebar Content Header Footer
None
Sidebar Content Header
None
None
Module
Customized List Button Tabs
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
Sub-modules
Large Search Dark Small
None
None
Sub-components
None
None
State
Active State Default State Disabled State Default State
Theme
None
None
None
Have your CSS (and HTML)... Do one thing and one
thing only
http://snk.ms/1r The Single Responsibility Theory
<div class="grid"> <div class="col module">...</div> </div>
.grid {} .col { float:left; } .col:nth-child(2n) { clear:left; }
.module { display:inline-block; }
<div class="grid"> <div class="col"> <div class="module">...</div> </div> </div>
<ul class="grid"> <li class="module">...</li> </ul>
.grid {} .grid > li { float:left; } .grid >
li:nth-child(2n) { clear:left; } .module { display:inline-block; }
<ul class="grid"> <li> <div class="module">...</div> </li> </ul>
<ul class="grid"> <li> {{item}} </li> </ul>
<li class="module">...</li> <div class="module">...</div>
Categorization is about Isolation
2 Naming Convention
None
Naming Convention Naming convention clari es intent
Use Class over ID Don’t use a grenade to dig
a hole when a shovel will do.
Specificity Inline ID Class (pseudo-classes and attribute selectors) Element (pseudo-
elements) style="..." #article .article :hover [attr=val] a : rst-child
Specificity Inline ID Class (pseudo-classes and attribute selectors) Element (pseudo-
elements) style="..." #article .article :hover [attr=val] a : rst-child
a { color: #039; } .subdued { color: #666; }
#cancel { color: #900; } <a href="...">Link</a> <a href="..." class="subdued">Link</a> <a href="..." id="cancel">Link</a> <a href="..." id="cancel" class="subdued">Link</a>
None
a { color: #039; } .subdued { color: #666 !important;
} #cancel { color: #900; } <a href="...">Link</a> <a href="..." class="subdued">Link</a> <a href="..." id="cancel">Link</a> <a href="..." id="cancel" class="subdued">Link</a>
Specificity Buster! !important
Specificity Buster! !important
a { color: #039; } .subdued, #cancel.subdued { color: #666;
} #cancel { color: #900; } <a href="...">Link</a> <a href="..." class="subdued">Link</a> <a href="..." id="cancel">Link</a> <a href="..." id="cancel" class="subdued">Link</a>
a { color: #039; } .subdued { color: #666; }
.cancel { color: #900; } <a href="...">Link</a> <a href="..." class="subdued">Link</a> <a href="..." id="cancel" class="cancel">Link</a> <a href="..." id="cancel" class="subdued">Link</a>
.btn {} .btn-large {} .btn-small {} .btn-default {} .btn-search {}
.btn {} .is-btn-active {} .is-btn-disabled {}
.theme-header {} .theme-border {} .theme-background {}
.text-plus1 {} .text-minus1 {}
.modulename .modulename-submodule .modulename-subcomponent No hyphens Always a root node No
hyphens No difference from submodule
.module-name .module-name--submodule .module-name__subcomponent allows for hyphens Always a root node
Alternatives underscores hyphens
.moduleName .moduleName-subModule .moduleName--subComponent camelCase Alternatives double hyphen single hyphen
Naming Convention • Pick a system that works for you
and your team • Be consistent • Consider: • Root node • Sub-modules • Sub-components
3 Decoupling CSS from HTML
.nav { margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style: none; } .nav
li { float: left; } .nav li a { display: block; padding: 5px 10px; background-color: blue; }
<ul class="nav"> <li><a href="/">Home</a></li> <li><a href="/products">Products</a></li> <li><a href="/contact">Contact Us</a></li> </ul>
<ul class="nav"> <li><a href="/">Home</a></li> <li><a href="/products">Products</a> <ul> <li><a href="/products/shoes">Shoes</a></li> <li><a
href="/products/jackets">Jackets</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/contact">Contact Us</a></li> </ul>
.nav ul { margin: 0; padding:0; list-style:none; } .nav li
li { float: none; } .nav li li a { padding: 2px; background-color: red; }
.nav { margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style: none; } .nav
> li { float: left; } .nav > li > a { display: block; padding: 5px 10px; background-color: blue; }
.menu { margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style: none } .menu
> li > a { display: block; padding: 2px; background-color: red; }
Please. Use child selectors
<div class="box"> <h2>Sites I Like</h2> <ul> <li><a href="http://smashingconf.com/">Smashing!</a></li> <li><a href="http://smacss.com/">SMACSS</a></li>
</ul> </div>
.box { border: 1px solid #333; } .box h2 {
margin: 0; padding: 5px 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #333; background-color: #CCC; } .box ul { margin: 10px; }
<div class="box"> <h2>Sites I Like</h2> <ul> <li><a href="http://smashingconf.com/">Smashing!</a></li> <li><a href="http://smacss.com/">SMACSS</a></li>
</ul> </div> <div class="box"> <h2>About Us</h2> <p>The Fancy Pants Company is all about fancy pants.</p> </div> <div class="box"> <h2>Sponsored By</h2> <div><img src="http://example.com/img.png" alt="..."></div> </div>
.box { border: 1px solid #333; } .box h2 {
margin: 0; padding: 5px 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #333; background-color: #CCC; } .box ul, .box p, .box div { margin: 10px; }
.box { border: 1px solid #333; } .box h2 {
margin: 0; padding: 5px 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #333; background-color: #CCC; } .box-body { margin: 10px; }
<div class="box"> <h2>Sites I Like</h2> <ul class="box-body"> <li><a href="http://smashingconf.com/">Smashing!</a></li> <li><a
href="http://smacss.com/">SMACSS</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="box"> <h2>About Us</h2> <p class="box-body">The Fancy Pants Company is all about fancy pants.</p> </div> <div class="box"> <h2>Sponsored By</h2> <div class="box-body"><img src="..." alt="..."></div> </div>
when the HTML can’t or won’t be predictable Apply a
class
What does it mean?
Shift your thinking
Don’t code CSS for the page. Code it for the
system.
State-based Design
State-based Design • A layout or module style • Sub-modules
• JavaScript-driven states • Pseudo-class states • Media query states
CSS Panic http://snk.ms/15
.enemys { z-index:3; position:absolute; top:0px; left:0; width:49px; height:93px; display:block; -webkit-appearance:
button; -moz-appearance: button; background-position:0px 0px; background-repeat:no-repeat; -webkit-animation-iteration-count:infinite cursor:pointer; opacity:0.9; border:none;
.enemys { z-index:3; position:absolute; top:0px; left:0; width:49px; height:93px; display:block; -webkit-appearance:
button; -moz-appearance: button; background-position:0px 0px; background-repeat:no-repeat; -webkit-animation-iteration-count:infinite cursor:pointer; opacity:0.9; border:none;
.enemys:checked{ overflow:hidden; -webkit-animation-name: none; -webkit-pointer-events: none; pointer-events: none; opacity:0; }
.enemys:checked{ overflow:hidden; -webkit-animation-name: none; -webkit-pointer-events: none; pointer-events: none; opacity:0; }
3 Categorization Naming Convention Decouple HTML/CSS