Upgrade to Pro
— share decks privately, control downloads, hide ads and more …
Speaker Deck
Features
Speaker Deck
PRO
Sign in
Sign up for free
Search
Search
Your CSS is a Mess from Rustbelt Refresh
Search
snookca
May 03, 2013
Programming
4
270
Your CSS is a Mess from Rustbelt Refresh
As presented at Rustbelt Refresh 2013 in Cleveland, OH.
snookca
May 03, 2013
Tweet
Share
More Decks by snookca
See All by snookca
Responsive Web Applications
snookca
0
1.6k
Responsive Web Applications
snookca
4
990
Responsive Web Applications
snookca
0
170
Responsive Web Applications with Container Queries
snookca
3
690
Responsive Web Applications
snookca
0
110
The Future is In Pieces
snookca
1
160
Becoming a Deep Generalist
snookca
1
500
Your CSS is a Mess from ShropGeek's Revolution Conf
snookca
4
190
Your CSS is a Mess from SmartWeb
snookca
0
240
Other Decks in Programming
See All in Programming
ユーザーも開発者も悩ませない TV アプリ開発 ~Compose の内部実装から学ぶフォーカス制御~
taked137
0
190
The Past, Present, and Future of Enterprise Java with ASF in the Middle
ivargrimstad
0
170
アセットのコンパイルについて
ojun9
0
130
1から理解するWeb Push
dora1998
7
1.9k
CloudflareのChat Agent Starter Kitで簡単!AIチャットボット構築
syumai
2
510
さようなら Date。 ようこそTemporal! 3年間先行利用して得られた知見の共有
8beeeaaat
3
1.5k
Navigation 2 を 3 に移行する(予定)ためにやったこと
yokomii
0
340
Putting The Genie in the Bottle - A Crash Course on running LLMs on Android
iurysza
0
140
より安全で効率的な Go コードへ: Protocol Buffers Opaque API の導入
shwatanap
2
760
デザイナーが Androidエンジニアに 挑戦してみた
874wokiite
0
550
HTMLの品質ってなんだっけ? “HTMLクライテリア”の設計と実践
unachang113
4
2.9k
Tool Catalog Agent for Bedrock AgentCore Gateway
licux
7
2.5k
Featured
See All Featured
A designer walks into a library…
pauljervisheath
207
24k
Site-Speed That Sticks
csswizardry
10
820
Six Lessons from altMBA
skipperchong
28
4k
KATA
mclloyd
32
14k
Faster Mobile Websites
deanohume
309
31k
Learning to Love Humans: Emotional Interface Design
aarron
273
40k
GitHub's CSS Performance
jonrohan
1032
460k
I Don’t Have Time: Getting Over the Fear to Launch Your Podcast
jcasabona
33
2.4k
Distributed Sagas: A Protocol for Coordinating Microservices
caitiem20
333
22k
[RailsConf 2023 Opening Keynote] The Magic of Rails
eileencodes
30
9.7k
BBQ
matthewcrist
89
9.8k
Speed Design
sergeychernyshev
32
1.1k
Transcript
YOUR CSS IS A MESS
None
None
None
1 person.
None
4 designers.
5 developers.
1 team.
1 project.
None
30 designers.
None
200 engineers.
5 prototypers.
multiple teams.
multiple projects.
CSS is easy.
None
None
li { }
oat: left padding: 3px 50px; margin: 0;
.block { display:block !important; } .inline { display:inline !important; }
.hide { display:none !important; } .s-none { margin:0 !important; } .s { margin:10px !important; } .ss { margin:20px !important; } .sr { margin-right:10px !important; } .p-none { padding:0 !important; } .p { padding:10px !important; } .pp { padding:20px !important; } .pt { padding-top:10px !important; } .w-auto { width:auto !important; }
None
.layout_1_2 #blogList .pageitem .statusBar {} .layout_1_2 #blogList .pageitem .statusBar .status,
#blogList .pageitem .statusBar .status .status1 { } .layout_1_2 #blogList .pageitem .statusBar .status { } .layout_1_2 #blogList .pageitem .statusBar .status .status1 { } .layout_1_2 #blogList .pageitem .statusBar .status .status1 a { } .layout_1_2 #blogList .pageitem .statusBar .status .status1 .sep {}
.layout_1_2 #blogList .pageitem .statusBar {} .layout_1_2 #blogList .pageitem .statusBar .status,
#blogList .pageitem .statusBar .status .status1 { } .layout_1_2 #blogList .pageitem .statusBar .status { } .layout_1_2 #blogList .pageitem .statusBar .status .status1 { } .layout_1_2 #blogList .pageitem .statusBar .status .status1 a { } .layout_1_2 #blogList .pageitem .statusBar .status .status1 .sep {}
#comments .comment .meta .authorname {} #comments .comment .meta .commentnumber a
{}
#comments .comment .meta .authorname {} #comments .comment .meta .commentnumber a
{}
#nav-header ul li { float: left; ... } #nav-content ul
li { float: left; ... }
/* ======== SECTION: STYLE VARIABLES ======== */ $icon_sprite:url('icon-sprite.png') no-repeat; $black_header_height:40px;
$content_header_height:66px; $container_width:994px; $sidebar_width:158px; $page_width: $container_width - $sidebar_width - 20px; $outer_page_width: $container_width - $sidebar_width; /* ======== END SECTION: STYLE VARIABLES ======== */ /* ======== SECTION: 4.0. SCSS MIXINS ======== */ /* 4.2. Transitions */ @mixin transition($properties:all,$timing:0.3s,$transition:ease-in-out,$delay:0.0s) { -o- transition: $properties $timing $transition $delay; -webkit-transition: $properties $timi $transition $delay; -moz-transition: $properties $timing $transition $delay; } /* 4.3. Box Shadows */ @mixin box-shadow($s1) { -webkit-box-shadow:$s1; -moz-box-shadow:$s1; box-shadow:$s1; } @mixin double-box-shadow($s1,$s2:0 0 0 rgba(0,0,0,0)) { -webkit-box-shadow:$s1,$s2; -moz- shadow:$s1,$s2; box-shadow:$s1,$s2; } /* 4.4. Rounded Corners */ @mixin rounded($px:3px) { -webkit-border-radius:$px; -moz-border-radius:$px; border-radiu $px; } /* 4.5. Border Radius */ @mixin border-radius($tr,$tl,$br,$bl) { -moz-border-radius:$tr $tl $br $bl; -webkit-borde radius:$tr $tl $br $bl; border-radius:$tr $tl $br $bl; } /* 4.6. Gradients */ @mixin gradient($color1, $color2) { background-color:$color1; background-image:-o-linear- gradient($color2, $color1); background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear,left bottom,left top,color-stop(0, $color1),color-stop(1, $color2)); background-image: -moz-linear-
None
None
Scalable and Modular Architecture for CSS
SMACSS
3 Considerations
3 Categorization Naming Convention Decouple HTML/CSS
1 Categorization
Categorization • Base • Layout • Module • State •
Theme
Base
html { background-color: #FFF; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;
} body { margin: 0; padding: 0; } h1, h2, h3 { margin: 1em 0; }
Layout
None
Sidebar Content Header Footer
None
Sidebar Content Header
None
None
Module
Customized List Button Tabs
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
Sub-modules
Large Search Dark Small
None
None
Sub-components
None
None
State
Active State Default State Disabled State Default State
Theme
None
None
None
Have your CSS (and HTML)... Do one thing and one
thing only
http://snk.ms/1r The Single Responsibility Theory
<div class="grid"> <div class="col module">...</div> </div>
.grid {} .col { float:left; } .col:nth-child(2n) { clear:left; }
.module { display:inline-block; }
<div class="grid"> <div class="col"> <div class="module">...</div> </div> </div>
<ul class="grid"> <li class="module">...</li> </ul>
.grid {} .grid > li { float:left; } .grid >
li:nth-child(2n) { clear:left; } .module { display:inline-block; }
<ul class="grid"> <li> <div class="module">...</div> </li> </ul>
<ul class="grid"> <li> {{item}} </li> </ul>
<li class="module">...</li> <div class="module">...</div>
Categorization is about Isolation
2 Naming Convention
None
Naming Convention Naming convention clari es intent
Use Class over ID Don’t use a grenade to dig
a hole when a shovel will do.
Specificity Inline ID Class (pseudo-classes and attribute selectors) Element (pseudo-
elements) style="..." #article .article :hover [attr=val] a : rst-child
Specificity Inline ID Class (pseudo-classes and attribute selectors) Element (pseudo-
elements) style="..." #article .article :hover [attr=val] a : rst-child
a { color: #039; } .subdued { color: #666; }
#cancel { color: #900; } <a href="...">Link</a> <a href="..." class="subdued">Link</a> <a href="..." id="cancel">Link</a> <a href="..." id="cancel" class="subdued">Link</a>
None
a { color: #039; } .subdued { color: #666 !important;
} #cancel { color: #900; } <a href="...">Link</a> <a href="..." class="subdued">Link</a> <a href="..." id="cancel">Link</a> <a href="..." id="cancel" class="subdued">Link</a>
Specificity Buster! !important
Specificity Buster! !important
a { color: #039; } .subdued, #cancel.subdued { color: #666;
} #cancel { color: #900; } <a href="...">Link</a> <a href="..." class="subdued">Link</a> <a href="..." id="cancel">Link</a> <a href="..." id="cancel" class="subdued">Link</a>
a { color: #039; } .subdued { color: #666; }
.cancel { color: #900; } <a href="...">Link</a> <a href="..." class="subdued">Link</a> <a href="..." id="cancel" class="cancel">Link</a> <a href="..." id="cancel" class="subdued">Link</a>
.btn {} .btn-large {} .btn-small {} .btn-default {} .btn-search {}
.btn {} .is-btn-active {} .is-btn-disabled {}
.theme-header {} .theme-border {} .theme-background {}
.text-plus1 {} .text-minus1 {}
.modulename .modulename-submodule .modulename-subcomponent No hyphens Always a root node No
hyphens No difference from submodule
.module-name .module-name--submodule .module-name__subcomponent allows for hyphens Always a root node
Alternatives underscores hyphens
.moduleName .moduleName-subModule .moduleName--subComponent camelCase Alternatives double hyphen single hyphen
Naming Convention • Pick a system that works for you
and your team • Be consistent • Consider: • Root node • Sub-modules • Sub-components
3 Decoupling CSS from HTML
.nav { margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style: none; } .nav
li { float: left; } .nav li a { display: block; padding: 5px 10px; background-color: blue; }
<ul class="nav"> <li><a href="/">Home</a></li> <li><a href="/products">Products</a></li> <li><a href="/contact">Contact Us</a></li> </ul>
<ul class="nav"> <li><a href="/">Home</a></li> <li><a href="/products">Products</a> <ul> <li><a href="/products/shoes">Shoes</a></li> <li><a
href="/products/jackets">Jackets</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/contact">Contact Us</a></li> </ul>
.nav ul { margin: 0; padding:0; list-style:none; } .nav li
li { float: none; } .nav li li a { padding: 2px; background-color: red; }
.nav { margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style: none; } .nav
> li { float: left; } .nav > li > a { display: block; padding: 5px 10px; background-color: blue; }
.menu { margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style: none } .menu
> li > a { display: block; padding: 2px; background-color: red; }
Please. Use child selectors
<div class="box"> <h2>Sites I Like</h2> <ul> <li><a href="http://smashingconf.com/">Smashing!</a></li> <li><a href="http://smacss.com/">SMACSS</a></li>
</ul> </div>
.box { border: 1px solid #333; } .box h2 {
margin: 0; padding: 5px 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #333; background-color: #CCC; } .box ul { margin: 10px; }
<div class="box"> <h2>Sites I Like</h2> <ul> <li><a href="http://smashingconf.com/">Smashing!</a></li> <li><a href="http://smacss.com/">SMACSS</a></li>
</ul> </div> <div class="box"> <h2>About Us</h2> <p>The Fancy Pants Company is all about fancy pants.</p> </div> <div class="box"> <h2>Sponsored By</h2> <div><img src="http://example.com/img.png" alt="..."></div> </div>
.box { border: 1px solid #333; } .box h2 {
margin: 0; padding: 5px 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #333; background-color: #CCC; } .box ul, .box p, .box div { margin: 10px; }
.box { border: 1px solid #333; } .box h2 {
margin: 0; padding: 5px 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #333; background-color: #CCC; } .box-body { margin: 10px; }
<div class="box"> <h2>Sites I Like</h2> <ul class="box-body"> <li><a href="http://smashingconf.com/">Smashing!</a></li> <li><a
href="http://smacss.com/">SMACSS</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="box"> <h2>About Us</h2> <p class="box-body">The Fancy Pants Company is all about fancy pants.</p> </div> <div class="box"> <h2>Sponsored By</h2> <div class="box-body"><img src="..." alt="..."></div> </div>
when the HTML can’t or won’t be predictable Apply a
class
What does it mean?
Shift your thinking
Don’t code CSS for the page. Code it for the
system.
State-based Design
State-based Design • A layout or module style • Sub-modules
• JavaScript-driven states • Pseudo-class states • Media query states
CSS Panic http://snk.ms/15
.enemys { z-index:3; position:absolute; top:0px; left:0; width:49px; height:93px; display:block; -webkit-appearance:
button; -moz-appearance: button; background-position:0px 0px; background-repeat:no-repeat; -webkit-animation-iteration-count:infinite cursor:pointer; opacity:0.9; border:none;
.enemys { z-index:3; position:absolute; top:0px; left:0; width:49px; height:93px; display:block; -webkit-appearance:
button; -moz-appearance: button; background-position:0px 0px; background-repeat:no-repeat; -webkit-animation-iteration-count:infinite cursor:pointer; opacity:0.9; border:none;
.enemys:checked{ overflow:hidden; -webkit-animation-name: none; -webkit-pointer-events: none; pointer-events: none; opacity:0; }
.enemys:checked{ overflow:hidden; -webkit-animation-name: none; -webkit-pointer-events: none; pointer-events: none; opacity:0; }
3 Categorization Naming Convention Decouple HTML/CSS