مبادئ تصميم التعليم الالكتروني - أساليب التعليم

Transcript

1. Lecture 3: Principles of Instructional Design Teaching Methods Karim Ibrahim, Ph.D.
2. Principles of Instructional Design: Teaching Methods ▪Inform instruction by objectives ▪Present concepts multimodally ▪Use concrete examples ▪Foster experiential learning ▪Build up skills gradually ▪Use engaging materials ▪Sequence activities logically
3. Inform Instruction by Learning Objectives  Design a learning module/unit for learning every learning objective  Be sure all the materials, activities, and exercises you use promote the attainment of this learning objectives
4. E.g. Life Saver CPR Training Simulation
5. Present Concepts Multimodally  Myer’s (2003) Dual Coding Theory: there are several cognitive channels for processing information of different modalities  Presenting information in different modalities (visual, auditory, textual, etc.) results in deeper learning.
6. E.g. Argument Interactive Simulation
7. Use Concrete Examples  Concrete examples illustrate complex and abstract ideas  Use examples for learners’ daily life  Use examples that clearly resemble the concept
8. E.g. An Apple as Earth
9. Foster Experiential Learning  Theory of Embodied/Experiential Learning (Lave & Wagner, 1998)  Learning by doing in a supportive learning environment  Step-by-step guidance through the process  Learning cycling, driving, swimming, etc. E.g. The Movie “The Guardian”
10. E.g. AIIMS: Surgery Simulation
11. Build up Skills Gradually  Practice sub-skills  Gradually combine skills in practice
12. Build up Skills Gradually (cont.)
13. Build up Skills Gradually (cont.) Remove scaffolding gradually Support Challenge
14. Build up Skills Gradually (cont.) Controlled practice Semi- controlled practice Free practice
15. E.g. Driving Training Controlled practice • Driving in an empty parking Semi- controlled practice • driving in a low- traffic road Free practice • driving on a main road
16. E.g. English Past Tense Verbs Controlled practice • Choose the correct verb in the past tense ___(struck/striked)___ Semi- controlled practice • Put the verb in the past tense _____ (strike)_____ Free practice Put the verb in the right tense____(V)____
17. Use Engaging Materials  Engagement fosters participation, extend practice, and enhance learning  Use engaging materials from popular media such as music, movies, games, and social media  Apply gamification principles to make your system more engaging
18. E.g. City Witness
19. Sequence Activities Logically Merrill (2007)’s model: ① Problem ② Activation ③ Demonstration ④ Application ⑤ Integration
20. E.g. Learning Web Design ① Problem: ② Activation ③ Demonstration ④ Application ⑤ Integration How to design a webpage? MCQ about web design basics Presentation of the steps of creating a page in HTML4 Learners create their pages Learners create an online magazine
21. Principles of Instructional Design: Teaching Methods ▪Inform instruction by objectives ▪Present concepts multimodally ▪Use concrete examples ▪Foster experiential learning ▪Build up skills gradually ▪Use engaging materials ▪Sequence activities logically