アクイア認定サイトビルダー試験対策講座 第1回 Drupalの理解 / Prep for exam Site Builder vol.1

https://www.acquia.com/jp/resources/webinars/prep-for-exams-site-builder-vol1

Transcript

1. ΞΫΠΞೝఆαΠτϏϧμʔ ࢼݧରࡦߨ࠲ ୈ1ճ Drupalͷཧղ
2. ΞΫΠΞೝఆαΠτϏϧμʔ ࢼݧରࡦߨ࠲γϦʔζ – ʮΞΫΠΞೝఆαΠτϏϧμʔ - Drupal 9ʯࢼݧ͸ɺίΞϞδϡʔϧ͓Αͼ֦ுϞδϡʔϧ Λ࢖༻ͯ͠DrupalαΠτΛߏங͢ΔϓϩϑΣογϣφϧ޲͚ͷࢿ֨Ͱ͢ɻ͜ͷࢼݧ͸ɺ DrupalαΠτϏϧμʔͷεΩϧɺ஌ࣝͷݕূΛ໨తͱͯ͠σβΠϯ͞Ε͍ͯ·͢ɻ – ຊ΢ΣϏφʔ͸ɺʮΞΫΠΞೝఆαΠτϏϧμʔ - Drupal 9ʯࢼݧͷग़୊ൣғΛ໢ཏͨ͠ɺ શ7ճͷࢼݧରࡦରࡦߨ࠲Ͱ͢ɻࢼݧ߹֨Λ໨ࢦ͢ํ͸΋ͪΖΜɺDrupalΛମܥతʹֶͼͨ ͍ํʹ΋͓͢͢ΊͰ͢ɻ – DrupalΛҰ௨Γૢ࡞ͨ͜͠ͱ͕͋ΔํΛର৅ͱ͍ͯ͠·͢ɻ·ͩDrupalΛ৮ͬͨ͜ͱ͕ແ ͍ํ͸ɺॳ৺ऀ޲͚DrupalνϡʔτϦΞϧಈըʢ೔ຊޠʣΛઌʹݟ͓ͯ͘ͱΑΓཧղ͕ਂ ·Γ·͢ɻ
3. ΞδΣϯμ 1. Drupalͷ֓ཁ 2. Drupalͷओͳػೳ 3. Drupalͷجຊ֓೦ 4. όʔδϣϯ൪߸ͱϦϦʔεαΠΫϧ 5. DrupalͷϩʔυϚοϓ 6. DrupalͷΠϯετʔϧ 7. ࿅श໰୊
4. Drupalͷ֓ཁ
5. Drupalͷ֓ཁ – PHP੡ͷΦʔϓϯιʔεCMS – σδλϧମݧΛఏڙ͢ΔͨΊͷϓϥοτϑΥʔϜ – ૑࢝ऀɿDries BuytaertʢυϦεɾόΠλϧτʣ – 2001೥͔ΒOSSͱͯ͠ެ։ – GPL όʔδϣϯ2Ҏ߱ͰϥΠηϯε 100ສ+ WebαΠτͰՔ ಇ 46,000ਓ+
 Drupal։ൃऀ 8,000ਓ+ ίϯτϦϏϡʔ λʔ 130ສਓ+ ίϛϡχςΟ 51%+
 ੒௕཰(લ೥ൺ)
6. ެࣜαΠτ – Drupal.org – https://www.drupal.org/ – ओͳϖʔδ – DrupalίΞͷϦϦʔεҰཡ – https://www.drupal.org/project/drupal/releases – Ϟδϡʔϧͷݕࡧ/μ΢ϯϩʔυ – https://www.drupal.org/project/project_module – ςʔϚͷݕࡧ/μ΢ϯϩʔυ – https://www.drupal.org/project/project_theme – σΟετϦϏϡʔγϣϯͷݕࡧ/μ΢ϯϩʔυ – https://www.drupal.org/project/project_distribution – υΩϡϝϯτ – https://www.drupal.org/documentation
7. – ߏ੒؅ཧ – Drupalͷߏ੒ΛYAMLܗࣜͰΤΫεϙʔτɾΠϯϙʔτग़དྷ Δ Drupalͷओͳػೳ – ಠࣗʹ࡞੒Ͱ͖ΔίϯςϯπλΠϓͱϑΟʔϧυ – جຊϖʔδʢWordPressͰݴ͏ॴͷݻఆϖʔδʣɺχϡʔε ʢ࣌ܥྻʣͳͲͷίϯςϯπͷछྨͱϑΟʔϧυΛఆٛ͢ Δ͜ͱ͕ग़དྷΔ – λΫιϊϛʔͱϘΩϟϒϥϦʔ – λάͳͲͷίϯςϯπΛ෼ྨ͢ΔͨΊͷϘΩϟϒϥϦʔΛఆ ٛ͢Δ͜ͱ͕ग़དྷΔ – Ϣʔβʔͱϩʔϧ؅ཧ – ࡉ͔ͳϢʔβʔݖݶΛ؅ཧ͢Δ͜ͱ͕ग़དྷΔ – Views – ΫΤϦϏϧμʔπʔϧɻ؅ཧը໘্Ͱίϯςϯπͷදࣔ Λૢ࡞ग़དྷΔ – ϝσΟΞ؅ཧ – ίϯςϯπʹදࣔ͢Δը૾΍ಈըΛ؅ཧͰ͖Δ – ଟݴޠػೳ – αΠτΛଟݴޠల։͢Δࡍʹ࢖༻͢Δ – Ωϟογϯά – ಈతίϯςϯπΛΩϟογϡͯ͠ύϑΥʔϚϯεΛ޲্Ͱ͖ ΔɻBigPipeͳͲͷٕज़͕࠾༻͞Ε͍ͯΔɻ – JSON:API – Drupal಺ͷίϯςϯπΛWeb APIͱͯ͠ѻ͏͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δɻ ϔουϨεCMSͱͯ͠ϚϧννϟωϧʹίϯςϯπΛ഑৴Ͱ͖ Δɻ
8. Drupalͷجຊ֓೦
9. Ϟδϡʔϧ – খ͞ͳػೳͷ୯Ґ – ෳ਺ϞδϡʔϧΛ૊Έ߹ΘͤͯαΠτΛߏங – 3ͭͷछྨʹ෼ྨ – ίΞϞδϡʔϧ – ίΞ։ൃऀ͕؅ཧ͢Δ – ඪ४ػೳ΋ෳ਺ͷϞδϡʔϧͰߏ੒ – ྫʣϒϩοΫɺviews(ΫΤϦϏϧμʔ)
 ϑΟʔϧυɺݕࡧɺϢʔβʔ؅ཧ...etc – ίϯτϦϏϡʔτϞδϡʔϧ – ίϯτϦϏϡʔλʔ͕؅ཧ͢Δ – 4ສݸҎ্ͷެ։Ϟδϡʔϧ
 https://www.drupal.org/project/project_module – ΧελϜϞδϡʔϧ – ֤ϓϩδΣΫτͷͨΊʹಠࣗͰ։ൃ͢Δ Ϟδϡʔϧ͸౓ʑϨΰϒϩοΫʹྫ͑ΒΕΔ
10. ςʔϚ – αΠτͷݟͨ໨Λఆٛ͢ΔϑΝΠϧͷू߹ମ – CSSɺJSɺςϯϓϨʔτϑΝΠϧʢTwigʣɺઃఆϑΝΠϧͳ Ͳ – ςʔϚͷछྨ – ίΞςʔϚ – DrupalͷίΞʹؚ·ΕΔ – ClassyɺBartikɺSevenɺStableɺStark – ίϯτϦϏϡʔτςʔϚ – Drupal.orgͰެ։͞Ε͍ͯΔ – https://www.drupal.org/project/project_theme – ΧελϜςʔϚ – θϩ͔Βɺ͋Δ͍͸αϒςʔϚͳͲΛϕʔεʹࣗ࡞͢Δ DrupalͷσϑΥϧτςʔϚʮBartikʯ
11. σΟετϦϏϡʔγϣϯ – ಛఆͷ༻్ʹ߹ΘͤͯϞδϡʔϧ΍ςʔϚΛ
 ύοέʔδԽͨ͠΋ͷ – Drupal.orgͰެ։͞Ε͍ͯΔ – https://www.drupal.org/project/project_distribution – ༗໊ͳσΟετϦϏϡʔγϣϯ – Open Social – SNS ʹಛԽ – Thunder – ϝσΟΞαΠτʹಛԽ – Acquia Lightning – ։ൃऀ͕εϐʔσΟʔʹշదʹ։ൃ͢Δ͜ͱΛࢧԉ ϨΰϒϩοΫΛύοέʔδԽ
12. Drupalͷϑϩʔ https://www.drupal.org/docs/understanding-drupal/overview-of-drupal 1. σʔλ a. ϊʔυɺλΫιϊϛʔ... 2. Ϟδϡʔϧ a. ػೳΛఏڙ b. ίΞϞδϡʔϧɺ
 ίϯτϦϏϡʔτϞδϡʔϧ... 3. ϒϩοΫɾϝχϡʔ a. ϒϩοΫ...ϦʔδϣϯʹϞδϡʔϧ͔Βͷग़ྗΛ഑ஔ b. ϝχϡʔ...֤ϝχϡʔύεʢ૬ରURLʣʹ
 ؚ·ΕΔίϯςϯπΛఆٛ 4. Ϣʔβʔݖݶ a. Ϣʔβʔͷ໾ׂΛఆٛ 5. ςϯϓϨʔτ a. CSSɺHTMLɺTwig
13. Drupalͷσʔλͷछྨ – DrupalαΠτͰѻΘΕΔσʔλ͸4छྨʹ෼ྨ – Content – αΠτ๚໰ऀʹදࣔ͢Δ͜ͱΛ໨తͱͨ͠ςΩετɺը૾ͳͲͷ৘ ใ – Configuration – αΠτͷಈ࡞ɺදࣔํ๏ͳͲΛఆٛ͢Δ৘ใ – ௨ৗ͸খ͞ͳςΩετͰදݱ͞ΕΔ܏޲ – State – cronδϣϒ͕࠷ޙʹ࣮ߦ͞Εͨ࣌ࠁͳͲɺαΠτͷݱࡏͷঢ়ଶʹؔ ͢ΔҰ࣌తͳੑ࣭ͷ৘ใ – Session – ϩάΠϯ͍ͯ͠Δ͔Ͳ͏͔΍CookieͳͲɺݸʑͷαΠτ๚໰ऀͷα Πτͱͷ΍ΓऔΓʹؔ͢Δ৘ใ ͦΕͧΕҟͳΔํ๏Ͱ
 ฤूɺ຋༁ɺอଘ͞ΕΔ https://www.drupal.org/docs/user_guide/en/understanding-data.html
14. όʔδϣϯ൪߸ͱϦϦʔεαΠΫϧ
15. ηϚϯςΟοΫɾόʔδϣχϯά  https://semver.org/lang/ja/
16. ηϚϯςΟοΫɾόʔδϣχϯά  ϝδϟʔ ϚΠφʔ ύον ޓ׵ੑͷͳ͍
 มߋΛߦ͏ ޙํޓ׵ੑΛอͪͳ͕ ΒػೳੑΛ௥Ճ ޙํޓ׵ੑΛ൐͏
 όάमਖ਼ https://semver.org/lang/ja/
17. DrupalίΞͷϦϦʔεαΠΫϧ – ύονϦϦʔε͸ຖ݄ϦϦʔε͞ΕΔ – ϚΠφʔϦϦʔε͸໿6͔݄͝ͱʹϦϦʔε͞Εɺ৽͍͠ػೳ͕૊Έࠐ·ΕΔ – ηΩϡϦςΟमਖ਼͸ɺ࣍ͷϚΠφʔϦϦʔε·Ͱ໿6͔݄ؒఏڙ͞Εɺ߹ܭ1೥ͷηΩϡϦςΟΧόϨοδ͕͋Δ – 8.xγϦʔζͷ࠷ޙͷϚΠφʔϦϦʔε͸ϩϯάλʔϜαϙʔτʢLTSʣϦϦʔεͳͷͰɺ2021೥11݄·ͰηΩϡϦ ςΟ͕ద༻ – Drupal 10ʢϝδϟʔόʔδϣϯʣ
 ͷϦϦʔε༧ఆ೔͸2022೥6݄ – Drupal 8ͷEOL͸2021೥11݄ – Drupal 7ͷEOL͸2022೥11݄ https://www.drupal.org/about/core/policies/core-release-cycles/drupal- core-release-cycle-major-minor-and-patch-releases
18. DrupalͷϩʔυϚοϓ
19. DrupalͷϩʔυϚοϓ – Decoupled Menus – JavaScript ϑϩϯτΤϯυͷͨΊͷϝχϡʔίϯϙʔωϯτ – Automated updates – ηΩϡϦςΟϦϦʔεͷࣗಈߋ৽ – New front end theme – Ϟμϯͳ֎؍ͱૢ࡞ੑΛඋ͑ͨ৽͍͠σϑΥϧτͷϑϩϯτΤϯυςʔϚ – Easy out-of-the-box – ʮ͙͢ʹ࢖͑Δʯମݧͷ޲্ – Drupal 10 readiness – 2022 ೥ 6 ݄ެ։༧ఆͷ Drupal 10 ʹ޲͚ͯɺPHPɺSymfony ͷओཁͳґଘؔ܎ͷ Ξοϓσʔτ Drupal 10ʹ޲͚ͯ5ͭͷΠχγΞνϒ͕ൃද
20. Drupal؀ڥͷ༻ҙ
21. DrupalͷγεςϜཁ݅ͱґଘϥΠϒϥϦ ※Drupal 9.1.x ͷ৔߹ γεςϜཁ݅ – Apache 2.4.7 Ҏ্ – Nginx 0.7.x Ҏ্ – PHP 7.3 Ҏ্
 ※ PHP 8.0 ʹؔͯ͠͸ Drupal 9.1 Ͱਖ਼ࣜʹαϙʔτ – MySQL 5.7.8 Ҏ্ – MariaDB 10.3.7 Ҏ্ – SQLite 3.26 Ҏ্ – (pg_trgm ϞδϡʔϧΛඋ͑ͨ)
 PostgreSQL 10 Ҏ্ ओͳαʔυύʔςΟʔͷґଘؔ܎ – Symfony 4.4 – Twig 2 – CKEditor 4 – PHPUnit 8 https://www.drupal.org/docs/system-requirements
22. ศརͳπʔϧ Drush – ΩϟογϡΫϦΞɺߏ੒ઃఆͷΠϯϙʔ – τɺ৽͍͠Ϣʔβʔͷ࡞੒ɺϞδϡʔϧͷ༗ޮ ԽͳͲΛߦ͏ – Drush͸ Drupal Shell ͷུশ Drupal Console – Ϟδϡʔϧ։ൃʹ໾ཱͭɺϘΠϥʔϓϨʔ τίʔυͷੜ੒΍σόοάػೳΛఏڙ͢Δ – Symfony Console ͱͦͷଞͷαʔυύʔ ςΟίϯϙʔωϯτͰߏ੒
23. Drupal؀ڥͷ༻ҙ – Drupal 9ͷֶश؀ڥΛ༻ҙ – ༗໊ͳDrupalͷϩʔΧϧ։ൃ؀ڥߏஙπʔϧ – Lando – Docksal – DDEV – Drupal VM – ࠓճ͸ྫͱͯ͠ɺLandoͰDrupal 9؀ڥΛߏங͢ΔखॱΛ঺հ
24. LandoΛ༻͍ͨDrupalͷϩʔΧϧ։ൃ؀ڥͷ࡞੒ # DrupalϓϩδΣΫτͷ࡞੒ $ composer create-project drupal/recommended-project my-drupal9-app # ϓϩδΣΫτϧʔτʹҠಈ $ cd my-drupal9-app # LandoͷॳظԽ $ lando init \ --source cwd \ --recipe drupal9 \ --webroot web \ --name my-drupal9-app # ίϯςφͷىಈ $ lando start …(লུ)... APPSERVER URLS https://localhost:55017 http://localhost:55018 http://my-drupal9-app.lndo.site:8080/ https://my-drupal9-app.lndo.site/ ͦͷ1. DrupalϓϩδΣΫτ࡞੒ʙίϯςφͷىಈ
25. ͦͷ2. DrupalͷΠϯετʔϧ – ϒϥ΢βͰϩʔΧϧαʔόʔʹΞΫηε – http://my-drupal9-app.lndo.site:8080/ – ΠϯλϥΫςΟϒΠϯετʔϥʔ͕ىಈ – ϓϩϑΝΠϧ͸ʮඪ४ʯΛબ୒ – σʔλϕʔεͷ઀ଓઌ৘ใ͸
 lando info ίϚϯυͰ֬ೝ LandoΛ༻͍ͨDrupalͷϩʔΧϧ։ൃ؀ڥͷ࡞੒ ͓·͚ɿLandoͷૢ࡞ – lando stop – ίϯςφͷఀࢭ – lando ssh – ίϯςφͷγΣϧʹΞΫηε͢Δ
26. DrupalͷΠϯετʔϧϓϩϑΝΠϧ – ͜Ε͔Βߏங͢ΔαΠτͷಛੑ΍ػೳΛɺ
 ୯Ұͷμ΢ϯϩʔυͰఏڙ͢ΔͨΊͷ࢓૊ΈΛఏڙ – DrupalΠϯετʔϧ࣌ʹؚΊ͍ͨϞδϡʔϧɺ
 ςʔϚɺઃఆϑΝΠϧΛఆٛ
 – DrupalίΞʹ͸3ͭͷΠϯετʔϧϓϩϑΝΠϧؚ͕·ΕΔ – standard – ։࢝࣌఺͔ΒҰൠతͳػೳΛར༻Ͱ͖ΔܗͰΠϯετʔϧ – minimal – ͋Β͔͡Ίઃఆ͞ΕͨػೳΛ࢖ΘͣʹΧελϜαΠτΛߏங – ্ڃऀ޲͚ – demo_umami – Drupal ͷੑೳ͕Θ͔ΔαϯϓϧαΠτΛΠϯετʔϧ – ݕূ໨తͰͷར༻ʹݶఆ
27. ࿅श໰୊
28. ࿅श໰୊1 Drupalͷઆ໌ͱͯ͠ޡ͍ͬͯΔ΋ͷΛ3ͭબ୒͍ͯͩ͘͠͞ɻ 1. ඪ४Ͱଟݴޠػೳ͕ར༻Ͱ͖Δɻ 2. DrupalͷίϯςϯπΛϚϧννϟωϧʹରͯ͠഑৴Ͱ͖Δɻ 3. ಠࣗͷϥΠηϯεʹج͍ͮͯιʔείʔυ͕ެ։͞Ε͍ͯΔɻ 4. ϚΠφʔόʔδϣϯ͕ຖ݄ϦϦʔε͞ΕΔɻ 5. Drupal͸PerlݴޠͰهड़͞ΕͨCMSͰ͋Δɻ
29. ࿅श໰୊1 Drupalͷઆ໌ͱͯ͠ޡ͍ͬͯΔ΋ͷΛ3ͭબ୒͍ͯͩ͘͠͞ɻ 1. ඪ४Ͱଟݴޠػೳ͕ར༻Ͱ͖Δɻ 2. DrupalͷίϯςϯπΛϚϧννϟωϧʹରͯ͠഑৴Ͱ͖Δɻ 3. ಠࣗͷϥΠηϯεʹج͍ͮͯιʔείʔυ͕ެ։͞Ε͍ͯΔɻ 4. ϚΠφʔόʔδϣϯ͕ຖ݄ϦϦʔε͞ΕΔɻ 5. Drupal͸PerlݴޠͰهड़͞ΕͨCMSͰ͋Δɻ ਖ਼ղɿ3,4,5
30. ࿅श໰୊2 DrupalίΞʹؚ·Ε͍ͯΔػೳ͸ͲΕͰ͔͢ʁ 1. GraphQL 2. Token 3. BigPipe 4. Paragraphs 5. Webform
31. ࿅श໰୊2 DrupalίΞʹؚ·Ε͍ͯΔػೳ͸ͲΕͰ͔͢ʁ 1. GraphQL 2. Token 3. BigPipe 4. Paragraphs 5. Webform ਖ਼ղɿ3
32. ࿅श໰୊3 Drupal 9ʹؔ͢Δઆ໌Ͱਖ਼͍͠΋ͷΛ1ͭબ୒͍ͯͩ͘͠͞ɻ 1. Drupal 9͔ΒηϚϯςΟοΫɾόʔδϣχϯά͕࠾༻͞Εͨɻ 2. Drupal 9.0͕ϦϦʔε͞ΕͨλΠϛϯάͰDrupal 7͕EOL(End of Life)ʹͳͬͨɻ 3. Drupal 8͔ΒDrupal 9΁ͷΞοϓάϨʔυ͸ɺDrupal 7͔ΒDrupal 8ͷΞοϓά ϨʔυΑΓ΋༰қͰ͋Δɻ 4. Drupal 9͔ΒViewsػೳ͕ίΞʹऔΓࠐ·Εͨɻ
33. ࿅श໰୊3 Drupal 9ʹؔ͢Δઆ໌Ͱਖ਼͍͠΋ͷΛ1ͭબ୒͍ͯͩ͘͠͞ɻ 1. Drupal 9͔ΒηϚϯςΟοΫɾόʔδϣχϯά͕࠾༻͞Εͨɻ 2. Drupal 9.0͕ϦϦʔε͞ΕͨλΠϛϯάͰDrupal 7͕EOL(End of Life)ʹͳͬͨɻ 3. Drupal 8͔ΒDrupal 9΁ͷΞοϓάϨʔυ͸ɺDrupal 7͔ΒDrupal 8ͷΞοϓά ϨʔυΑΓ΋༰қͰ͋Δɻ 4. Drupal 9͔ΒViewsػೳ͕ίΞʹऔΓࠐ·Εͨɻ ਖ਼ղɿ3
34. ΞδΣϯμ 1. Drupalͷ֓ཁ 2. Drupalͷओͳػೳ 3. Drupalͷجຊ֓೦ 4. όʔδϣϯ൪߸ͱϦϦʔεαΠΫϧ 5. DrupalͷϩʔυϚοϓ 6. DrupalͷΠϯετʔϧ 7. ࿅श໰୊