195710݄5 ࢮ -ʢ61ࡀʣ ࠃ੶ σϯϚʔΫ ݚڀ ϢʔβϏϦςΟ ίϯαϧςΟϯά ஶॻ Mobile Usability (2012). Prioritizing Web Usability (2006). Multimedia and Hypertext (1995). Usability Engineering (1994). The theorist ๏ଇͷఏএऀ Jakob Nielsen Ϡίϒɾχʔϧηϯ From Nielsen Norman Group https://www.nngroup.com/articles/author/jakob-nielsen/
of 10 ώϡϦεςΟΫε Usability heuristics ϢʔβϏϦςΟɾώϡϦεςΟΫε Visibility of system status γεςϜͷঢ়ଶ͕Θ͔ΔΑ͏ʹ͢Δ The system should always keep users informed about what is going on, through appropriate feedback within reasonable time. γεςϜৗʹɺదͳϑΟʔυόοΫΛ௨ͯ͡ɺଥͳ࣌ؒͰɺϢʔβʔʹ ରͯ͠ʮԿ͕ى͍ͬͯ͜Δ͔ʯΛΒͤͳ͚ΕͳΒͳ͍ɻ From 10 Usability Heuristics for User Interface Design by NN group https://www.nngroup.com/articles/ten-usability-heuristics/ FromʮϢʔβϏϦςΟʹؔ͢Δ10ͷώϡʔϦεςΟΫε (ղܾʹཱͭݟ) / Ten Usability Heuristicsʯ https://website-usability.info/2009/09/entry_090908.html Progress bar / ϓϩάϨεόʔ User Feedback / దͳϑΟʔυόοΫ ɺങ͍ΧΰʹՃ͞Ε·ͨ͠ɻ
of 10 ώϡϦεςΟΫε Usability heuristics ϢʔβϏϦςΟɾώϡϦεςΟΫε Match between system and the real world ࣮ࡍͷར༻ڥʹద߹ͨ͠γεςϜΛ࡞Δ The system should speak the users' language, with words, phrases and concepts familiar to the user, rather than system-oriented terms. Follow real-world conventions, making information appear in a natural and logical order. γεςϜɺγεςϜࢦͷݴޠͰͳ͘ɺϢʔβʔͷݴޠʢϢʔβʔʹೃછΈ ͷ͋Δݴ༿֓೦ʣΛͬͯɺϢʔβʔͱίϛϡχέʔτ͠ͳ͚ΕͳΒͳ͍ɻ ར༻͞ΕΔڥͷ͖ͨ͠Γʹै͍ɺࣗવͰཧʹ͔ͳͬͨܗͰใΛఏࣔ͢ΔΑ͏ ʹγεςϜΛ࡞Ζ͏ɻ From 10 Usability Heuristics for User Interface Design by NN group https://www.nngroup.com/articles/ten-usability-heuristics/ FromʮϢʔβϏϦςΟʹؔ͢Δ10ͷώϡʔϦεςΟΫε (ղܾʹཱͭݟ) / Ten Usability Heuristicsʯ https://website-usability.info/2009/09/entry_090908.html Ϣʔβʔ γεςϜ ૢ࡞͢Δ ߹க
of 10 ώϡϦεςΟΫε Usability heuristics ϢʔβϏϦςΟɾώϡϦεςΟΫε User control and freedom Ϣʔβʔʹૢ࡞ͷओಋݖͱࣗ༝Λ༩͑Δ Users often choose system functions by mistake and will need a clearly marked "emergency exit" to leave the unwanted state without having to go through an extended dialogue. Support undo and redo. Ϣʔβʔ͠͠͏͖ػೳͷબΛޡΔͷͰɺ໌֬ͳʮඇৗޱʯʢͬͨ Β͍͠μΠΞϩάରΛ͠ͳͯ͘ɺ·ͳ͍ঢ়ଶ͔Βൈ͚ΕΔΈʣ͕ඞཁ Ͱ͋ΔɻΞϯυΡͱϦυΡΛఏڙ͠Α͏ɻ From 10 Usability Heuristics for User Interface Design by NN group https://www.nngroup.com/articles/ten-usability-heuristics/ FromʮϢʔβϏϦςΟʹؔ͢Δ10ͷώϡʔϦεςΟΫε (ղܾʹཱͭݟ) / Ten Usability Heuristicsʯ https://website-usability.info/2009/09/entry_090908.html Ϣʔβʔ ݩʹ͢ Γ͢ ؒҧ͑ͨ
/ 4 of 10 ώϡϦεςΟΫε Usability heuristics ϢʔβϏϦςΟɾώϡϦεςΟΫε Consistency and standards Ұ؏ੑΛอͪඪ४ʹ฿͏ Users should not have to wonder whether different words, situations, or actions mean the same thing. Follow platform conventions. ଞͷΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͱҟͳΔݴ༿ɺঢ়ଶɺ࡞༻ΛUIʹ࣮ͯ͠ɺϢʔβʔʹ ʮ͜Εͭ·Γʙͱಉ͜͡ͱͩΖ͏͔ʁʯͱ͍ͬͨࠞཚΛ༩͑ͯͳΒͳ͍ɻ ϓϥοτϑΥʔϜͷ͖ͨ͠Γʹ฿͓͏ɻ From 10 Usability Heuristics for User Interface Design by NN group https://www.nngroup.com/articles/ten-usability-heuristics/ FromʮϢʔβϏϦςΟʹؔ͢Δ10ͷώϡʔϦεςΟΫε (ղܾʹཱͭݟ) / Ten Usability Heuristicsʯ https://website-usability.info/2009/09/entry_090908.html Ϙλϯ Ϧετ બࢶ໊ ϚςϦΞϧ άϦου ը૾ λϒ1 λϒ2 ֊ / ߏ Ξχϝʔγϣϯ λΠϙάϥϑΟ
of 10 ώϡϦεςΟΫε Usability heuristics ϢʔβϏϦςΟɾώϡϦεςΟΫε Error prevention ΤϥʔΛࢭ͢Δ Even better than good error messages is a careful design which prevents a problem from occurring in the first place. Either eliminate error-prone conditions or check for them and present users with a confirmation option before they commit to the action. ༏ΕͨΤϥʔϝοηʔδΛ༻ҙ͢ΔΑΓɺ͡Ί͔Βҙਂ͘σβΠϯͯ͠ ൃੜΛࢭ͢Δ΄͏͕ྑ͍ɻޡૢ࡞ΛҾ͖ىͦ͜͠͏ͳ݅Λআڈ·ͨ νΣοΫ͓͍ͯͯ͠ɺϢʔβʔʹରͯ͠ૢ࡞Λ࣮ߦ͢Δ͔Ͳ͏͔Λࣄલʹ֬ೝ ͠Α͏ɻ From 10 Usability Heuristics for User Interface Design by NN group https://www.nngroup.com/articles/ten-usability-heuristics/ FromʮϢʔβϏϦςΟʹؔ͢Δ10ͷώϡʔϦεςΟΫε (ղܾʹཱͭݟ) / Ten Usability Heuristicsʯ https://website-usability.info/2009/09/entry_090908.html σʔλΛআ͠·͔͢ʁ ͜ͷΞΫγϣϯऔΓফ͢͜ͱ͕ Ͱ͖·ͤΜɻ আ ΊΔ Τϥʔ Τϥʔ Τϥʔ Do this first Τϥʔ݅ͷൃݟɾআڈ ελʔτ ΰʔϧ Then do that Τϥʔϝοηʔδ
of 10 ώϡϦεςΟΫε Usability heuristics ϢʔβϏϦςΟɾώϡϦεςΟΫε Recognition rather than recall هԱΛݺͼى͜͞ͳͯ͘ɺݟ͚ͨͩͰΘ͔ΔΑ͏ʹσβΠϯ͢Δ Minimize the user's memory load by making objects, actions, and options visible. The user should not have to remember information from one part of the dialogue to another. Instructions for use of the system should be visible or easily retrievable whenever appropriate. ΦϒδΣΫτ࡞༻બࢶΛՄࢹԽ͢Δ͜ͱʹΑͬͯɺϢʔβʔͷهԱෛՙΛ ࠷খݶʹ͠Α͏ɻϢʔβʔγεςϜͱͷΓͱΓΛଓ͚ΔதͰɺใΛهԱ͠ ͳͯ͘ࡁΉΑ͏ʹ͠ͳ͚ΕͳΒͳ͍ɻγεςϜΛ͏ͨΊͷઆ໌/ࢦೆࢹ֮ తͰɺ͍ͭͰ༰қʹݟΕΔΑ͏ʹ͖͢Ͱ͋Δɻ From 10 Usability Heuristics for User Interface Design by NN group https://www.nngroup.com/articles/ten-usability-heuristics/ FromʮϢʔβϏϦςΟʹؔ͢Δ10ͷώϡʔϦεςΟΫε (ղܾʹཱͭݟ) / Ten Usability Heuristicsʯ https://website-usability.info/2009/09/entry_090908.html ϗʔϜ ʼ ʼ ໊ Breadcrumb list / ύϯͣ͘ Pencil Pen Scissors Ϣʔβʔ ࠓͳΜ͚ͩͬʁ ֬ೝ
of 10 ώϡϦεςΟΫε Usability heuristics ϢʔβϏϦςΟɾώϡϦεςΟΫε Flexibility and efficiency of use ॊೈੑͱޮੑΛ࣋ͨͤΔ Accelerators -- unseen by the novice user -- may often speed up the interaction for the expert user such that the system can cater to both inexperienced and experienced users. Allow users to tailor frequent actions. γεςϜར༻ΛޮԽͰ͖ΔΈɺॳ৺ऀϢʔβʔʹݟΒΕͳ͍͕ɺख़࿅ Ϣʔβʔͷ࡞ۀΛߴԽ͠ɺͻ͍ͯະܦݧऀ/ܦݧऀΘͣϢʔβʔͷཁٻΛຬ ͨ͢͜ͱʹͭͳ͕ΔͩΖ͏ɻϢʔβʔ͕ͨͼͨͼ࣮ߦ͢Δػೳʹ͍ͭͯɺϢʔ βʔ͕ࣗޮԽΛௐͰ͖ΔΑ͏ʹ͠Α͏ɻ From 10 Usability Heuristics for User Interface Design by NN group https://www.nngroup.com/articles/ten-usability-heuristics/ FromʮϢʔβϏϦςΟʹؔ͢Δ10ͷώϡʔϦεςΟΫε (ղܾʹཱͭݟ) / Ten Usability Heuristicsʯ https://website-usability.info/2009/09/entry_090908.html Object / ΦϒδΣΫτ Cut / ΓऔΓ Paste / షΓ͚ Duplicate / ෳ Copy / ίϐʔ Command + X Command + V Command + D Command + C ϑΝΠϧ ૠೖ εϥΠυ ϑΥʔϚοτ etc. ฤू Application menu / ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯϝχϡʔ Context menu / จ຺ϝχϡʔ Key command / ΩʔίϚϯυ
of 10 ώϡϦεςΟΫε Usability heuristics ϢʔβϏϦςΟɾώϡϦεςΟΫε Aesthetics and minimalist design ࠷খݶͰɺඒ͍͠σβΠϯʹ͢Δ Dialogues should not contain information which is irrelevant or rarely needed. Every extra unit of information in a dialogue competes with the relevant units of information and diminishes their relative visibility. γεςϜͱϢʔβʔؒͷରʹ͓͍ͯɺݟҧ͍ͳෆඞཁͳใΛؚΜͰͳ Βͳ͍ɻ͋ΒΏΔ༨ܭͳใ܈ɺؔ࿈͢Δใ܈ͱڝ߹ͯ͠͠·͏ͷͰɺ૬ର తʹɺඞཁͳใͷ࿐ग़ΛԼͤͯ͞͠·͏ɻ From 10 Usability Heuristics for User Interface Design by NN group https://www.nngroup.com/articles/ten-usability-heuristics/ FromʮϢʔβϏϦςΟʹؔ͢Δ10ͷώϡʔϦεςΟΫε (ղܾʹཱͭݟ) / Ten Usability Heuristicsʯ https://website-usability.info/2009/09/entry_090908.html Interaction of colors / Josef Albers
of 10 ώϡϦεςΟΫε Usability heuristics ϢʔβϏϦςΟɾώϡϦεςΟΫε Help users recognize, diagnose, and recover from errors Ϣʔβʔ͕ΤϥʔΛೝࣝ͠ɺஅ͠ɺճ෮Ͱ͖ΔΑ͏ʹࢧԉ͢Δ Error messages should be expressed in plain language (no codes), precisely indicate the problem, and constructively suggest a solution. ΤϥʔϝοηʔδࣗવݴޠͰදݱ͞ΕΔ͖Ͱ͋ͬͯɺ ϓϩάϥϜίʔυͰදݱ͞ΕΔ͖Ͱͳ͍ɻ ϝοηʔδΛਖ਼֬ʹࣔ͠ɺղܾࡦΛݐઃతʹఏݴ͠ͳ͚ΕͳΒͳ͍ɻ From 10 Usability Heuristics for User Interface Design by NN group https://www.nngroup.com/articles/ten-usability-heuristics/ FromʮϢʔβϏϦςΟʹؔ͢Δ10ͷώϡʔϦεςΟΫε (ղܾʹཱͭݟ) / Ten Usability Heuristicsʯ https://website-usability.info/2009/09/entry_090908.html Error message / Τϥʔϝοηʔδ 6จࣈҎ্ େจࣈ͕࠷ؚ̍ͭ·Ε͍ͯΔ ύεϫʔυදࣔ ه߸͕࠷ؚ̍ͭ·Ε͍ͯΔ
of 10 ώϡϦεςΟΫε Usability heuristics ϢʔβϏϦςΟɾώϡϦεςΟΫε Help and documentation ϔϧϓઆ໌จॻΛ༻ҙ͢Δ Even though it is better if the system can be used without documentation, it may be necessary to provide help and documentation. Any such information should be easy to search, focused on the user's task, list concrete steps to be carried out, and not be too large. γεςϜ͕આ໌จॻͳ͠Ͱ͑Δ΄͏͕ྑ͍ͱͯ͠ɺϔϧϓઆ໌จॻඞ ཁͩΖ͏ɻ͜ͷखͷใͯ͢ɺ༰қʹݕࡧͰ͖ɺϢʔβʔͷߦҝʹযΛ ͯΔ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖ɺͳ͖͢۩ମతͳखॱ͕ϦετΞοϓ͞Εɺྔ͕େ͖͗͢ͳ ͍Α͏ʹ͖͢Ͱ͋Δɻ From 10 Usability Heuristics for User Interface Design by NN group https://www.nngroup.com/articles/ten-usability-heuristics/ FromʮϢʔβϏϦςΟʹؔ͢Δ10ͷώϡʔϦεςΟΫε (ղܾʹཱͭݟ) / Ten Usability Heuristicsʯ https://website-usability.info/2009/09/entry_090908.html FAQ / Α͋͘Δ͍߹Θͤ Α͋͘Δ͍߹Θͤ ݕࡧ ༻ํ๏ʹ͍ͭͯ खྉʹ͍ͭͯ ΞΧϯτʹ͍ͭͯ ղʹ͍ͭͯ Documentation / આ໌ॻ આ໌ॻ
heuristics ώϡϦεςΟΫε Usability heuristics ϢʔβϏϦςΟɾώϡϦεςΟΫε Help and documentation ϔϧϓઆ໌จॻΛ༻ҙ͢Δ Visibility of system status γεςϜͷঢ়ଶ͕Θ͔ΔΑ͏ʹ͢Δ Match between system and the real world ࣮ࡍͷར༻ڥʹద߹ͨ͠γεςϜΛ࡞Δ User control and freedom Ϣʔβʔʹૢ࡞ͷओಋݖͱࣗ༝Λ༩͑Δ Consistency and standards Ұ؏ੑΛอͪඪ४ʹ฿͏ Error prevention ΤϥʔΛࢭ͢Δ Flexibility and efficiency of use ॊೈੑͱޮੑΛ࣋ͨͤΔ Recognition rather than recall هԱΛݺͼى͜͞ͳͯ͘ɺݟ͚ͨͩͰΘ͔ΔΑ͏ʹσβΠϯ͢Δ Aesthetics and minimalist design ࠷খݶͰɺඒ͍͠σβΠϯʹ͢Δ Help users recognize, diagnose, and recover from errors Ϣʔβʔ͕ΤϥʔΛೝࣝ͠ɺஅ͠ɺճ෮Ͱ͖ΔΑ͏ʹࢧԉ͢Δ
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