Which Indexes Should I Create?

An overview of how to decide which indexes to create on your database tables

Transcript

1. Your SQL Office Hours begins soon… Which Indexes Should I Create? Chris Saxon @ChrisRSaxon & @SQLDaily https://www.youtube.com/c/TheMagicofSQL https://blogs.oracle.com/sql
2. The following is intended to outline our general product direction. It is intended for information purposes only, and may not be incorporated into any contract. It is not a commitment to deliver any material, code, or functionality, and should not be relied upon in making purchasing decisions. The development, release, timing, and pricing of any features or functionality described for Oracle’s products may change and remains at the sole discretion of Oracle Corporation. Statements in this presentation relating to Oracle’s future plans, expectations, beliefs, intentions and prospects are “forward-looking statements” and are subject to material risks and uncertainties. A detailed discussion of these factors and other risks that affect our business is contained in Oracle’s Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) filings, including our most recent reports on Form 10-K and Form 10-Q under the heading “Risk Factors.” These filings are available on the SEC’s website or on Oracle’s website at http://www.oracle.com/investor. All information in this presentation is current as of September 2020 and Oracle undertakes no duty to update any statement in light of new information or future events. Safe Harbor Copyright © 2020 Oracle and/or its affiliates.
3. Copyright © 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | Welcome to Ask TOM Office Hours!
4. Copyright © 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | DEMO
5. Copyright © 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | Index Columns i1 customer_id i2 customer_id, order_datetime i3 order_datetime i4 order_status i5 store_id, order_status i6 order_status, customer_id
6. How does the database search indexes?
7. Copyright © 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | 101, rowid 102, rowid 102, rowid … 110, rowid 1 .. 100 101 .. 200 … 901 .. 1000 create index brick_weight_i on bricks ( weight ); 901 .. 910 911 .. 920 … 991 .. 1000 101 .. 110 111 .. 120 … 191 .. 200 1 .. 10 11 .. 20 … 91 .. 100 991, rowid 993, rowid 994, rowid … 1000, rowid 11, rowid 12, rowid 12, rowid … 20, rowid 1, rowid 2, rowid 4, rowid … 10, rowid 901, rowid 903, rowid 904, rowid … 910, rowid … … 91, rowid 92, rowid 95, rowid … 100, rowid …
8. Copyright © 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | 101, rowid 102, rowid 102, rowid … 110, rowid 1 .. 100 101 .. 200 … 901 .. 1000 create index brick_weight_i on bricks ( weight ); 901 .. 910 911 .. 920 … 991 .. 1000 101 .. 110 111 .. 120 … 191 .. 200 1 .. 10 11 .. 20 … 91 .. 100 991, rowid 993, rowid 994, rowid … 1000, rowid 11, rowid 12, rowid 12, rowid … 20, rowid 1, rowid 2, rowid 4, rowid … 10, rowid 901, rowid 903, rowid 904, rowid … 910, rowid … … 91, rowid 92, rowid 95, rowid … 100, rowid weight between 90 and 110; …
9. Copyright © 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | blue green red yellow red, cube red, cube red, cuboid red, star yellow, cube yellow, cuboid yellow, cuboid yellow, star create index brick_colour_shape_i on bricks ( colour, shape ); green, cube green, cube green, cuboid green, star blue, cube blue, cube blue, cuboid blue, cuboid colour = 'red';
10. Copyright © 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | blue green red yellow red, cube red, cube red, cuboid red, star yellow, cube yellow, cuboid yellow, cuboid yellow, star create index brick_colour_shape_i on bricks ( colour, shape ); green, cube green, cube green, cuboid green, star blue, cube blue, cube blue, cuboid blue, cuboid shape = 'cube';
11. blogs.oracle.com/sql www.youtube.com/c/TheMagicOfSQL @ChrisRSaxon Leading columns in where
12. Copyright © 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | Where clause Index columns customer_id = … customer_id customer_id = … order_datetime > … customer_id, order_datetime order_status = … store_id = … order_status, store_id order_status = … customer_id = … order_status, customer_id
13. Copyright © 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | Where clause Index columns customer_id = … customer_id customer_id = … order_datetime = … customer_id, order_datetime order_status = … store_id = … order_status, store_id order_status = … customer_id = … order_status, customer_id
14. Copyright © 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | Where clause Index columns customer_id = … customer_id customer_id = … order_datetime = … customer_id, order_datetime order_status = … store_id = … order_status, store_id order_status = … customer_id = … order_status, customer_id
15. Copyright © 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | Where clause Index columns customer_id = … customer_id customer_id = … order_datetime = … customer_id, order_datetime order_status = … store_id = … order_status, store_id order_status = … customer_id = … order_status, customer_id
16. Copyright © 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | Where clause Index columns customer_id = … customer_id customer_id = … order_datetime = … customer_id, order_datetime order_status = … store_id = … order_status, store_id order_status = … customer_id = … order_status, customer_id
17. Copyright © 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | Why not create them all? Storage is cheap!
18. Copyright © 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | PROD SBY DR STAGE DEV DEV DEV DEV
19. Copyright © 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | Storage is still cheap!
20. Copyright © 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | PROD 10Tb
21. Copyright © 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | PROD 10Tb 128Gb >>
22. Copyright © 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | How can the data stay cached?
23. Copyright © 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | TRANSACTIONS
24. Copyright © 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | TRANSACTIONS customer_id = … status = 'OPEN' customer_id = … trans_date > …
25. Copyright © 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | TRANSACTIONS customer_id = … status = 'OPEN' customer_id = … trans_date > …
26. Copyright © 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | TRANSACTIONS customer_id = … status = 'OPEN' customer_id = … trans_date > …
27. Copyright © 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | The tables & indexes fit in
28. Copyright © 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | customer_id = … Where
29. Copyright © 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | customer_id = … customer_id, order_datetime customer_id, order_status Where Indexes
30. Copyright © 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | customer_id = … customer_id, order_datetime store_id, order_status customer_id, order_status Where Indexes store_id = … order_datetime > … order_status = …
31. blogs.oracle.com/sql www.youtube.com/c/TheMagicOfSQL @ChrisRSaxon Create few indexes
32. Copyright © 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | customer_id = … status = …
33. Copyright © 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. |
34. Copyright © 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | ( status, customer_id ) CANCELLED, 1 CANCELLED, 2 CANCELLED, 3 CANCELLED, 4 … COMPLETE, 1 COMPLETE, 2 COMPLETE, 3 COMPLETE, 4 … OPEN, 1 OPEN, 2 OPEN, 3 OPEN, 4 … ( status, customer_id ) 0:CANCELLED 0, 1 0, 2 0, 3 0, 4… 1:COMPLETE, 1, 1 1, 2 1, 3 1, 4… 2: OPEN 2, 1 2, 2 2, 3 2, 4…
35. Copyright © 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | ( status, customer_id ) CANCELLED, 1 CANCELLED, 2 CANCELLED, 3 CANCELLED, 4 … COMPLETE, 1 COMPLETE, 2 COMPLETE, 3 COMPLETE, 4 … OPEN, 1 OPEN, 2 OPEN, 3 OPEN, 4 … ( status, customer_id ) 0:CANCELLED 0, 1 0, 2 0, 3 0, 4… 1:COMPLETE, 1, 1 1, 2 1, 3 1, 4… 2: OPEN 2, 1 2, 2 2, 3 2, 4…
36. Copyright © 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | ( status, customer_id ) CANCELLED, 1 CANCELLED, 2 CANCELLED, 3 CANCELLED, 4 … COMPLETE, 1 COMPLETE, 2 COMPLETE, 3 COMPLETE, 4 … OPEN, 1 OPEN, 2 OPEN, 3 OPEN, 4 … ( status, customer_id ) 0:CANCELLED 0, 1 0, 2 0, 3 0, 4… 1:COMPLETE 1, 1 1, 2 1, 3 1, 4… 2: OPEN 2, 1 2, 2 2, 3 2, 4… compress 1
37. Copyright © 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | ( customer_id, status ) 0: 1 0, CANCELLED 0, COMPLETE 0, OPEN … 1: 2 1, CANCELLED 1, COMPLETE 1, OPEN … 2: 3 2, CANCELLED 2, COMPLETE 2, OPEN …
38. Copyright © 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | ( status, customer_id ) 0:CANCELLED 0, 2141fd1c-8292-4726-b3fe-a980a2c8a430 0, 57f802ea-cff1-4d2d-b78b-ef964f5b2dd5 0, e79d5a65-5552-4eca-a945-6ad2dbb9359b 0, 5dbdc286-2f22-4ef1-a497-3c70d334c94b… 1:COMPLETE 1, 2141fd1c-8292-4726-b3fe-a980a2c8a430 1, 57f802ea-cff1-4d2d-b78b-ef964f5b2dd5 1, e79d5a65-5552-4eca-a945-6ad2dbb9359b 1, 5dbdc286-2f22-4ef1-a497-3c70d334c94b… 2: OPEN 2, 2141fd1c-8292-4726-b3fe-a980a2c8a430 2, 57f802ea-cff1-4d2d-b78b-ef964f5b2dd5 2, e79d5a65-5552-4eca-a945-6ad2dbb9359b 2, 5dbdc286-2f22-4ef1-a497-3c70d334c94b…
39. Copyright © 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | ( customer_id, status ) 0: 2141fd1c-8292-4726-b3fe-a980a2c8a430 0, CANCELLED 0, COMPLETE 0, OPEN … 1: 57f802ea-cff1-4d2d-b78b-ef964f5b2dd5 1, CANCELLED 1, COMPLETE 1, OPEN … 2: e79d5a65-5552-4eca-a945-6ad2dbb9359b 2, CANCELLED 2, COMPLETE 2, OPEN …
40. blogs.oracle.com/sql www.youtube.com/c/TheMagicOfSQL @ChrisRSaxon Compresible columns first
41. Copyright © 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | DEMO
42. Copyright © 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | • Keep # indexes small • ( = col, > col, select_order_by_cols ) • Compresiblecols 1st • Automatic Indexing solve 1 & 2 for you! Summary
43. Copyright © 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | Richard Foote's Blog https://richardfoote.wordpress.com/ Further Reading
44. Copyright © 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | asktom.oracle.com #MakeDataGreatAgain Ryan McGuire / Gratisography