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The 12Factor App
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Damien Mathieu
October 30, 2014
Programming
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The 12Factor App
Damien Mathieu
October 30, 2014
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Transcript
@dmathieu Software Engineer @heroku The 12Factor App 1
Twelve Factor • Can apply to any language and platform!
• Speeds up deployment! • Makes scaling easier! • Keeps apps clean 2
Let’s take a look 3
One codebase to rule them all 4
Codebase Production Staging Feature A Feature B 5
6 Multiple codebases is a distributed system
7 Create libraries
Explicitly declare and isolate dependencies 8
9 source 'https://rubygems.org' ! ruby '2.1.3' ! gem 'rails' gem
'pg' gem 'puma'
10
11 curl imagemagick
12 Config never goes in source control
Config Resource strings to databases Credentials to S3, Facebook, Twitter,
… Security Tokens 13
$ cat .env! AWS_TOKEN=QWERTYUIOP! AWS_SECRET=12345 ! GITHUB_APP_ID=1! GITHUB_SECRET=67890 14
$ foreman run rails console! >> puts ENV[‘AWS_TOKEN’]! > “QWERTYUIOP”
15
You can use a yml config file* *Just don’t store
it in source control
Treat backing services as attached resources 17
18 DATABASE_URL= postgres://example.com:5032
Production deploy PostgreSQL Email Service Amazon S3
20 One codebase per app Explicitly declare and isolate dependencies
Don’t put config in source control Treat backing services as attached resources
Build Release Run 21
Codebase Build Run Config 22
Codebase Build Run Config 23
Execute the app as one or more stateless processes 24
web.1 web.2 Database 25
26 No sticky sessions
27 Ephemeral filesystem
28 Export services via port binding
29 Self-contained app
30 An app can be the backing service for an
other
Scale out via the process model 31
web.1 web.2 web.3 worker.1 worker.2 clock.1 32
33 You can still do your own internal multiplexing
34 Build, release, run One or more stateless processes Scale
out via the process model Export services via port binding
Maximize robustness with fast startup and graceful shutdown 35
36 Handle a request
37 60s to boot is a lot
38 Use the SIGTERM signal
39 Send jobs back to the queue
40 Build, release, run One or more stateless processes Scale
out via the process model Fast startup
Keep development, staging, and production as similar as possible 41
42 Use the same kind of machine
43 With the same OS version
44 And the same database server
Logging 45
46 Production errors will happen
47 Tail logs to find the cause
48 Then use a logging service to dig in deeper
action=create_user
[email protected]
action=log_user
[email protected]
49
count#api-call-200=1 50
Don’t write logs to a file 51
Run admin/ management tasks as one-off processes 52
53 Not in your app’s main processes
54 Run console instances the same way
55 Keep all your environments as similar as possible Run
management tasks as one-off processes Logging
Do you like? • Minimizing new developer overhead?! • Running
in multiple environments?! • Easily scaling without tooling, architecture or development headaches?! • Having the latest update available to users at a moments notice? Read more at 12factor.net 56
Questions?
[email protected]
12factor.net 57 @dmathieu