[Edge 2016] HTTP/2 and Asynchronous APIs

Transcript

H T T P/ 2 A N D A SY N C H R O N O U S A P I S

View Slide

F E TC H I N G A B LO G P O ST + CO M M E N TS
CC-BY: John Trainor

Ȑ

Ȑ

Ȑ
GET /post/1

Ȑ
GET /post/1
200 OK application/json

View Slide

{
"type": "post",
"id": "1",
"title": "JSON API paints my bikeshed!",
"tags": ["json", "api", "relationships"],
"author": "http://example.com/posts/1/author",
"comments": "http://example.com/posts/1/comments"
}

View Slide

{
"type": "post",
"id": "1",
"author": "http://example.com/posts/1/author",
"comments": "http://example.com/posts/1/comments"
}

View Slide

Ȑ

View Slide

Ȑ

View Slide

Ȑ
GET /posts/1/comments

View Slide

Ȑ
GET /posts/1/comments

View Slide

[
"http://example.org/post/1/comment/1",
"http://example.org/post/1/comment/4"
]

View Slide

Ȑ

View Slide

Ȑ

View Slide

Ȑ
GET /post/example/comments/1

View Slide

Ȑ
GET /post/example/comments/
1

2
Ȑ
1

2
3
Ȑ
1

2
3
4
Ȑ
1

{
"type": "comment",
"id": "1",
"title": "FIRST!",
"author": "http://example.com/post/1/comment/1/author"
}

View Slide

6
requests
(possibly connections)

View Slide

14
requests
(possibly connections)

View Slide

L E T ’ S M U LT I P L E X !

View Slide

M U LT I P L E X E D
Ȑ

Ȑ

Ȑ

Ȑ

Ȑ

Ȑ

Ȑ

S T I L L M A K I N G L O T S O F R E Q U E S T S

View Slide

D E P E N D E N C I E S

View Slide

{
"type": "post",
"id": "1",
"author": {
"type": "author",
"id": 1,
"name": "Davey Shafik",
"twitter": "@dshafik",
"gravatar": "fee39f0c0ffb29d9ac21607ed188be6b"
},
"comments": [
{
"type": "comment",
"id": "1",
"content": "FIRST!",
"author": {
"type": "author",
"id": 2,
"name": "Jill Random",
"gravatar": "706b16b2fb732ab6079a10fea61d078b"
}
},
{
"type": "comment",
"id": "2",
"content": "second",
"author": {
"type": "author",
"id": 3,
"name": "John Person",
"gravatar": "8e2279479945ca4778eb3cb8d88cda58"
}
},
{
"type": "comment",
"id": "3",
"content": "third",
"author": {
"type": "author",
"id": 1,
}
},
{
"type": "comment",
"id": "4",
"content": "fourth",
"author": {
"type": "author",
"id": 2,
}
}
]
}

View Slide

{
"type": "post",
"id": "1",
"author": {
"type": "author",
"id": 1,
},
"comments": [
{
"type": "comment",
"id": "1",

View Slide

{
"type": "post",
"id": "1",
"author": {
"type": "author",
"id": 1,
},
"comments": [
{
"type": "comment",
"id": "1",

View Slide

},
"comments": [
{
"type": "comment",
"id": "1",
"content": "FIRST!",
"author": {
"type": "author",
"id": 2,
}
},
{
"type": "comment",
"id": "2",

View Slide

}
},
{
"type": "comment",
"id": "3",
"content": "third",
"author": {
"type": "author",
"id": 1,
}
},
{
"type": "comment",
"id": "4",

View Slide

}
},
{
"type": "comment",
"id": "3",
"content": "third",
"author": {
"type": "author",
"id": 1,
}
},
{
"type": "comment",
"id": "4",

View Slide

}
},
{
"type": "comment",
"id": "4",
"content": "fourth",
"author": {
"type": "author",
"id": 2,
}
}
]
}

View Slide

S E R V E R P US H
CC-BY: Steven Depolo

Ȑ

Ȑ

Ȑ
GET /post/1

Ȑ
GET /post/1

GET /post/1/comments
Ȑ
GET /post/1

View Slide

GET /post/1/comment/1
Ȑ
GET /post/1

View Slide

Ȑ

View Slide

Ȑ

View Slide

Ȑ
GET /post/1/comment/1/author

View Slide

Ȑ
GET /post/1/comment/1/author/avatar.png

View Slide

D E P E N D E N C I E S
CC-BY-SA 2.0: David Gamez

View Slide

A P I R E Q U E ST
Ɇ
ɂ
Ȑ

View Slide

A P I R E Q U E ST
Ɇ
ɂ
Ȑ

View Slide

A P I R E Q U E ST
GET /post/1
Ɇ
ɂ
Ȑ

View Slide

A P I R E Q U E ST
GET /post/1
Ɇ
ɂ
Ȑ

View Slide

S U B - R E S O U R C E P US H W I T H D E P E N D E N C I E S
Ɇ Ȑ
GET /post/1

View Slide

Ɇ Ȑ
GET /post/1
/post/1/comments
/author/1

View Slide

Ɇ Ȑ
GET /post/1
/post/1/comments
/author/1
/comment/1
/comment/…

View Slide

Ɇ Ȑ
GET /post/1
/post/1/comments
/author/1
/comment/1
/images/author/1
/comment/…

View Slide

Ɇ Ȑ
GET /post/1
/post/1/comments
/author/1
/comment/1 /author/2
/images/author/1
/comment/…

View Slide

Ɇ Ȑ
GET /post/1
/post/1/comments
/author/1
/comment/1 /author/2
/images/author/1
/comment/… /author/…

View Slide

CO D E

View Slide

$numRequests = 378;

View Slide

$url = 'https://http2.akamai.com/demo/tile-%d.png';
for ($i = 0; $i <= $numRequests; $i++) {
$ch = curl_init(); 
$opts[CURLOPT_URL] = sprintf($url, $i);
curl_setopt_array($ch, $opts);
curl_exec($ch);
curl_close($ch);
}
H T T P/ 1 . 1 : SY N C H R O N O US

View Slide

curl_exec($ch);
curl_close($ch);
}

View Slide

curl_exec($ch);
curl_close($ch);
}

View Slide

curl_exec($ch);
curl_close($ch);
}

View Slide

curl_exec($ch);
curl_close($ch);
}

View Slide

curl_exec($ch);
curl_close($ch);
}

View Slide

4 7 . 6 7  
s e co n d s
CC-BY: Hernán Piñera

View Slide

$opts[CURLOPT_URL] = sprintf($url, $i); 
curl_exec($ch);
curl_close($ch);
}
H T T P/ 2 : SY N C H R O N O US

View Slide

curl_exec($ch);
curl_close($ch);
}
$opts[CURLOPT_HTTP_VERSION] = CURL_HTTP_VERSION_2;

View Slide

curl_exec($ch);
curl_close($ch);
}

View Slide

curl_exec($ch);
curl_close($ch);
}
$opts[CURLOPT_HTTP_VERSION] = HTTP_VERSION_2_0;

View Slide

curl_exec($ch);
curl_close($ch);
}

View Slide

curl_exec($ch);
curl_close($ch);
}
$opts[CURLOPT_HTTP_VERSION] = HTTP_VERSION_2_0;

View Slide

6 2 . 1 9  
s e co n d s
CC-BY-NC: Scott Beckner

View Slide

$mh = curl_multi_init(); 
$url = 'https://http2.akamai.com/demo/tile-%d.png'; 
$handles[] = $ch = curl_init();
$opts[CURLOPT_URL] = sprintf($url, '%d'); 
curl_multi_add_handle($mh, $ch);
}
H T T P/ 1 . 1 : CO N CU R R E N T

}

}

}

H T T P/ 1 . 1 : CO N CU R R E N T ( CO N T. )
do {
$exec = curl_multi_exec($mh, $running);
} while ($exec == CURLM_CALL_MULTI_PERFORM);
while ($running && $exec == CURLM_OK) {
$ready = curl_multi_select($mh);
if ($ready != -1) {
do {
$exec = curl_multi_exec($mh, $running); 
}
}

View Slide

8 . 6 6  
s e co n d s

View Slide

$opts[CURLOPT_URL] = sprintf($url, '%d');
}
H T T P/ 2 : M U LT I P L E X E D
$mh = curl_multi_init();

View Slide

}
H T T P/ 2 : M U LT I P L E X E D

View Slide

}
curl_multi_setopt( 
$mh,  
CURLMOPT_PIPELINING,  
CURLPIPE_MULTIPLEX 
);

View Slide

}
curl_multi_setopt( 
$mh,  
CURLMOPT_PIPELINING,  
CURLPIPE_MULTIPLEX 
);

View Slide

H T T P/ 2 : M U LT I P L E X E D ( CO N T. )
do {
$exec = curl_multi_exec($mh, $running);
while ($running && $exec == CURLM_OK) {
$ready = curl_multi_select($mh);
if ($ready != -1) {
do {
$exec = curl_multi_exec($mh, $running); 
}
}

View Slide

2 . 1 4  
s e co n d s
CC-BY: motoracereports

View Slide

H A N D L I N G S E R V E R P US H

View Slide

$transfers = 1;
$cb = function(
$parent, $pushed, $headers
) use (&$transfers) {
$transfers++; // increment to keep track of
return CURL_PUSH_OK;
};
curl_multi_setopt($mh, CURLMOPT_PIPELINING, CURLPIPE_MULTIPLEX);
curl_multi_setopt($mh, CURLMOPT_PUSHFUNCTION, $cb);
$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, "https://localhost:8080/index.html");
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTP_VERSION, CURL_HTTP_VERSION_2);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
$active = null;
do {
$status = curl_multi_exec($mh, $active);

View Slide

$transfers = 1;
$cb = function(
};

View Slide

$transfers = 1;
$cb = function(
};

View Slide

$transfers = 1;
$cb = function(
};

View Slide

$transfers = 1;
$cb = function(
};

View Slide

$transfers = 1;
$cb = function(
};

View Slide

$transfers = 1;
$cb = function(
};

View Slide

$transfers = 1;
$cb = function(
};

View Slide

curl_multi_setopt($mh,  
CURLMOPT_PIPELINING, CURLPIPE_MULTIPLEX 
);
CURLMOPT_PUSHFUNCTION, $cb 
);
$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt($ch,  
CURLOPT_URL, "https://localhost/" 
);

View Slide

);
);
$ch = curl_init();
);

View Slide

);
);
$ch = curl_init();
);

View Slide

);
);
$ch = curl_init();
);

View Slide

);
);
$ch = curl_init();
);

View Slide

);
CURLOPT_HTTP_VERSION, CURL_HTTP_VERSION_2 
);
CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1 
);
$active = null;
do {

View Slide

);
);
);
$active = null;
do {

View Slide

);
);
);
$active = null;
do {

View Slide

do {
do {
$info = curl_multi_info_read($mh);
if (false !== $info &&  
$info['msg'] == CURLMSG_DONE)
{
$handle = $info['handle'];
if ($handle !== null) {
$transfers--; // remaining requests
$out = curl_multi_getcontent( 
$info['handle'] 
); // Response body

View Slide

do {
do {
{
$info['handle'] 
); // Response body

View Slide

do {
do {
{
$info['handle'] 
); // Response body

View Slide

do {
do {
{
$info['handle'] 
); // Response body

View Slide

do {
do {
{
$info['handle'] 
); // Response body

View Slide

do {
do {
{
$info['handle'] 
); // Response body

View Slide

$info['handle'] 
); // Response body
curl_multi_remove_handle($mh, $handle);
curl_close($handle);
}
}
} while ($info);
} while ($transfers);
curl_multi_close($mh);

View Slide

$info['handle'] 
); // Response body
}
}
} while ($info);

View Slide

$info['handle'] 
); // Response body
}
}
} while ($info);

View Slide

$info['handle'] 
); // Response body
}
}
} while ($info);

View Slide

B LO G A P I + S E R V E R P U S H

View Slide

class H2PushCache {
static $cache = [];
static $pushHandles = [];
static function addPushHandle($headers, $handle)
{
foreach ($headers as $header) {
if (strpos($header, ':path:') === 0) {
$path = substr($header, 6);
$url = curl_getinfo($handle)['url'];
$url = str_replace(
parse_url($url, PHP_URL_PATH),
$path,
$url
);
self::$pushHandles[$url] = $handle;
}
}
}
static function add($handle)
{

View Slide

class H2PushCache {
static $cache = [];
{
$url = str_replace(
$path,

View Slide

class H2PushCache {
static $cache = [];
{
$url = str_replace(
$path,

View Slide

class H2PushCache {
static $cache = [];
{
$url = str_replace(
$path,

View Slide

class H2PushCache {
static $cache = [];
{
$url = str_replace(
$path,

View Slide

{
$url = str_replace(
$path,
$url
);
}
}

View Slide

{
$url = str_replace(
$path,
$url
);
}
}

View Slide

{
$found = false;
foreach (self::$pushHandles as $url => $h) {
if ($handle == $h) {
$found = $url;
}
}
if (!$found) {
$found = curl_getinfo($handle)['url'];
}

View Slide

{
$found = false;
$found = $url;
}
}
if (!$found) {
}

View Slide

{
$found = false;
$found = $url;
}
}
if (!$found) {
}

View Slide

self::$cache[$found] =  
curl_multi_getcontent($handle);
}
static function exists($url)
{
if (isset(self::$cache[$url])) {
return true;
}
return false;
}

View Slide

self::$cache[$found] =  
curl_multi_getcontent($handle);
}
static function exists($url)
{
return true;
}
return false;
}

View Slide

{
return true;
}
return false;
}
static function get($url)
{
return self::$cache[$url];
}
}

View Slide

function get_request($url)
{
if (H2PushCache::exists($url)) {
return H2PushCache::get($url);
}
$transfers = 1;
$cb = function ($parent, $pushed, $headers) use (&$transfers) {
$transfers++; // increment to keep track of the number of concurrent requests
H2PushCache::addPushHandle($headers, $pushed);
};
curl_multi_setopt($mh,
CURLMOPT_PIPELINING, CURLPIPE_MULTIPLEX
);
CURLMOPT_PUSHFUNCTION, $cb
);
$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt($ch,
CURLOPT_URL, $url
);
curl_setopt($ch,
CURLOPT_HTTP_VERSION, CURL_HTTP_VERSION_2
);
curl_setopt($ch,
CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1

View Slide

{
}
$transfers = 1;
$cb = function ($parent, $pushed, $headers)
use (&$transfers) {
the number of concurrent requests
H2PushCache::addPushHandle($headers,

View Slide

{
}
$transfers = 1;
use (&$transfers) {

View Slide

{
}
$transfers = 1;
use (&$transfers) {

View Slide

{
}
$transfers = 1;
use (&$transfers) {

View Slide

$transfers = 1;
use (&$transfers) {
$transfers++;
};

View Slide

$transfers = 1;
use (&$transfers) {
$transfers++;
};

View Slide

do {
do {
if (false !== $info
&& $info['msg'] == CURLMSG_DONE)
{
$transfers--; // decrement remaining
H2PushCache::add($handle);
curl_multi_remove_handle($mh,

View Slide

do {
do {
if (false !== $info
&& $info['msg'] == CURLMSG_DONE)
{

View Slide

$handle);
}
}
} while ($info);
}

View Slide

$handle);
}
}
} while ($info);
}

View Slide

$url = 'https://example/post/1';
$response = get_request($url);
$post = json_decode($response);
$response = get_request($post->comments);
$comments = json_decode($reponse);
$response = get_request($post->author);
$author = json_decode($response);

[Edge 2016] HTTP/2 and Asynchronous APIs

[Edge 2016] HTTP/2 and Asynchronous APIs

Davey Shafik

More Decks by Davey Shafik

Other Decks in Programming

Featured

Transcript