Matthew Crosher

Turbine selection to maximise the energy yield from a hydro site

Transcript

1. Matthew Crosher Hydro Sales Manager (UK), Gilbert Gilkes & Gordon Ltd
2. Turbine Selection to Maximise the Energy Yield from a Hydro site By Matthew Crosher www.gilkes.com
3. Agenda 1. Introduction to Gilkes 2. Why Turbine selection is Important 3. Traditional Methods of selection 4. Turbine selection using Annual Energy Estimates 5. Worked Example 6. Conclusion www.gilkes.com
4. Introduction to Gilkes • British Turbine Manufacturer based in Kendal • Founded in 1853 - our 160th year • Over 6500 turbines installed worldwide in over 80 Countries
5. Currently working in: • Japan, Australia, New Zealand, West Indies, Alaska, Canada, Africa, Guatemala, and the UK Introduction to Gilkes Present Day • Over 60 UK installations totalling nearly 30 MW installed since 2010 • 28 of which in the sub 100kW (compact) range • 3 UK Service centres
6. GILKES HYDRO RANGE Compact Range (30kW – 100kW) Stand alone / Grid Connected / Full Installed and Commissioned systems Small Hydro (100kW up to 25MW) Gilkes turbine range includes: TURGO FRANCIS PELTON
7. Why is Selecting the correct turbine critical? www.gilkes.com Too Small ? Too Big?
8. Turbine Selection – What do we need to know? It all depends on Head (H) and Flow (Q) How electric power is calculated: Water power available = H X Q It also depends on Head Losses, Turbine and Generator efficiency and Drive losses www.gilkes.com Pictures courtesy of the BHA
9. Select your Head Early Turbine Selection Tables Select the Flow Select your turbine
10. Current Selection Software Turbine Size and Speed Efficiency Curve Power Curve Turbine Mechanical Power and Efficiency at Duty Point
11. Flow Duration Data Wallingford HydroSolutions Ltd How do you get Flow Data for your site? 1. Low Flows report 2. On site flow gauging
12. Program for Optimisation of Power and Energy (POPE) Calculation Table Site Data Inputs
13. Worked Example  Typical Run of River Site  Gross Head - 65m  Net Head – 58m  Flow – 700 l/s
14. What are the Options? Head = 58m Flow = 700 l/sec Potentially we could select Pelton, Turgo or Francis
15. Which Type of Turbine? Option 1 – Horizontal Francis • High Peak efficiency • Compact Powerhouse • Fast Running
16. 18inch Twin Jet Turgo at 750 rpm Flat efficiency curve Good low flow performance No surge issues Which Type of Turbine? Option 2 – Twin Jet Turgo Impulse
17. Comparison of Turbine Selection curves Francis Turbine generating 367 kW Turgo Turbine generating 335 kW
18. Factor in the Flow Duration Curve
19. Turbine Installed Capacity Annual Generation Francis 344 kW 1042 GWh Turgo 311 kW 1156 GWh Output Comparison
20. In Summary 1. Turgo is 9.6% lower in installed capacity, less of the peak power output but 11% greater AEP 2. This equates at current Feed in tariff levels to over £22,500 per year.
21. In Conclusion 1. Using Annual Energy modelling allows you to look at many different scenarios 2. Can be applied to all types of turbine, not just the example used. 3. Provides an accurate prediction of potential income. 4. Makes sure you are optimising use of the resource.
22. Thank You