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CSS 基礎
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大澤木小鐵
October 30, 2012
Programming
11
920
CSS 基礎
教育訓練用
大澤木小鐵
October 30, 2012
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Transcript
Jace Ju @ Sina Taiwan 基礎 CSS
什麼是 CSS 1
.COM 時代 <table width="100%" border="0" align="center" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" class="Bpadd"> <tr>
<td bgcolor="#C8DDF1" class="text13b"><a href="/itadm/ category.php?cat=93"><font color="#000000">CIO</font></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="text13"><font color="#666666">•</ font> <a href="/itadm/article.php?c=76963" title="2012-10-29"> 集團打造零售四合⼀一計畫 ⼀一年半內同時完成⼋八⼤大系統調整</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="text13"><font color="#666666">•</ font> <a href="/itadm/article.php?c=76880" title="2012-10-22">IT是台灣技術創新⽕火⾞車頭 從企業營運⾓角度評選新興科技 </a></td>
Cascading Styling Sheets 瀏覽器樣式 網⾴頁作者樣式 使⽤用者樣式
CSS 概念 1994 CSS 2.0 1998 CSS 2.1 2011 W3C
正式接⼿手 1997 History of CSS CSS 1.0 1996.12 CSS 3
CSS 能做些什麼 2
⽤用以視覺化的 HTML 標籤 <p> <font face="Arial" size="3" color="red"> Text </font>
</p>
CSS 樣式化 <p>Text</p> p { font-family: Arial; font-size: 3em; color:
red; }
選擇器 CSS 語法 p { font-size: 3em; color: red; }
用大括號來包含樣式 CSS 語法 p { font-size: 3em; color: red; }
屬性 CSS 語法 p { font-size: 3em; color: red; }
值 CSS 語法 p { font-size: 3em; color: red; }
分號後再加入下一組屬性 CSS 語法 p { font-size: 3em; color: red; }
CSS 檔案 p { font-family: Arial; font-size: 3em; color: red;
} <p>Text</p> <p>Text</p> <p>Text</p>
怎麼套⽤用 CSS 3
inline styling <p style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 3em; color: red;">Text</p>
Style Tag <style type="text/css"> p { font-family: Arial; font-size: 3em;
color: red; } </style>
Link Tag <head> <link rel="stylesheet" href="theme.css"> </head>
搭配 HTML 4
<p>Normal text</p> <p class="note">Some note</p> class
<p>Normal text</p> <p class="note">Some note</p> class p { font-family: Arial;
font-size: 3em; color: black; } p.note { color: red; } http://jsfiddle.net/hkvBC/
Bad class p.big-red { font-family: Arial; font-size: 3em; color: red;
}
Bad class p.big-red { font-family: Arial; font-size: 3em; color: blue;
}
Bad class p.note { font-family: Arial; font-size: 3em; color: blue;
}
<div id="header"> <h1>Title</h1> </div> id http://jsfiddle.net/hkvBC/
<div id="header"> <h1>Title</h1> </div> id #header { height: 80px; }
http://jsfiddle.net/hkvBC/
CSS 排版 5
<table width="100%" border="0" align="center" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" class="Bpadd"> <tr> <td bgcolor="#C8DDF1"
class="text13b"><a href="/itadm/ category.php?cat=93"><font color="#000000">CIO</font></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="text13"><font color="#666666">•</ font> <a href="/itadm/article.php?c=76963" title="2012-10-29"> 集團打造零售四合⼀一計畫 ⼀一年半內同時完成⼋八⼤大系統調整</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="text13"><font color="#666666">•</ font> <a href="/itadm/article.php?c=76880" title="2012-10-22">IT是台灣技術創新⽕火⾞車頭 從企業營運⾓角度評選新興科技 </a></td> Table Layout
<body> <header id="header"><h1>...</h1></header> <div id="body" > <div id="wrapper" class="clearfix"> <section
id="maincol"><h1>...</h1></section> <aside id="aside"><p>...</p></aside> </div> </div> <footer id="footer"><h2>Footer</h2><p>...</p></footer> </body> CSS Layout
CSS Layout #header { position:relative; height:80px; background-color:#FFFFFF; width:100%; display:block; overflow:auto;
} #aside { width:240px; float:left; position:relative; } #main { background-color: #FFFFFF; position: relative; width:720px; float:right; } #footer { height:100px; background-color:#FFFFFF; clear:both; display:block; overflow:auto; }
IE must die! Problems ‧設計師必須學習 CSS 語法 ‧瀏覽器呈現不一致 ‧IE 舊版本不符合
Web 標準
CSS Reset ‧瀏覽器有預設樣式 ‧解法:將所有樣式去除 html, body, div, span, applet, object,
iframe, h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p, blockquote, pre, a, abbr, acronym, ... { margin: 0; padding: 0; border: 0; font-size: 100%; font: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; } http://meyerweb.com/eric/tools/css/reset/
CSS3 簡介 6
‧外部字體 ‧方盒模型 ‧背景 ‧多欄排版 ‧2D 漸變 ‧3D 漸變 ‧媒體偵測 ‧進階選擇器
CSS3 Modules 其他還有很多... http://www.css3.info/modules/ http://www.w3schools.com/css3/
-moz- /* Firefox */ -webkit- /* Safari, Chrome */ -o-
/* Opera */ -ms- /* Internet Explorer */ Vendor Prefix http://css-snippets.com/browser-prefix/
.box { border: 1px solid #ccc; -webkit-border-radius: 2px; -moz-border-radius: 2px;
-o-border-radius: 2px; border-radius: 2px; } Vendor Prefix http://css-snippets.com/browser-prefix/
Graceful Degradation http://jonraasch.com/blog/graceful-degradation-with-css3 ⽀支援 CSS3 不⽀支援 CSS3
Examples 7
• CSS3 buttons • 3D CSS Cube • Image Gallery
• 秋⼭山澪 http://webdesignerwall.com/trends/47-amazing-css3-animation-demos
問題與討論