PHP 5.3 Overview

Still using PHP 4, I hope not, or you're still teetering on the thought of moving to PHP 5.3.x? Jake Smith will introduce you to new functionality, features and performance increases in PHP 5.3. Here is just a few of the things that will be covered: Namespaces, Anonymous Functions and Late Static Binding.

Transcript

1. PHP 5.3 OVERVIEW
   6/8/2010 - Dallas PHP
   Jake Smith
   

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2. PERFORMANCE
   • Over 140 bug fixes
   • 40%+ improvement with PHP on Windows
   • 5% - 15% overall performance improvement
   • MD5 roughly 15% faster
   • Constants move to read-only memory
   • Drupal 20% faster, Wordpress 15% faster
   

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3. ADDITIONS
   • New error_reporting E_DEPRECATED
   • Garbage collection
   • MySQLnd (Native Driver)
   • No longer uses libmysql
   • No PDO support (currently)
   • MySQL version 4.1+
   

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4. BACKWARDS COMPATIBILITY
   • EREG Family is now E_DEPRECATED
   • Use the Pearl Compatible (PCRE)
   • __toString does not accept arguments/parameters
   • Magic methods must be public and can not be static
   • __call is now invoked on access to private/protected methods
   • Classes can not be named Namespace or Closure
   SOURCES: http://us2.php.net/manual/en/migration53.incompatible.php
   

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5. MAGIC METHODS IN 5.3
   class Backwards {
   public function __call($method, $value) {
   echo "Call Magic Method
   \n";
   }
   private function __get($method) {
   }
   private function __set($method, $value) {
   }
   private function getElements() {
   echo "Get Elements
   \n";
   }
   }
   $bc = new Backwards();
   $bc->getElements();
   

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6. CHANGES IN PHP.INI
   • INI Variables
   • Per Folder/Per Site ini settings
   • User specified ini files
   

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7. .INI VARIABLES
   error_dev = E_ALL
   error_prod = E_NONE
   [HOST=dev.mydomain.com]
   error_reporting = ${error_dev}
   [HOST=mydomain.com]
   error_reporting = ${error_prod}
   [PATH=/var/www/vhosts/myotherdomain.com]
   error_reporting = ${error_prod}
   # User Defined ini. Place in web root. Set to blank to disable
   user_ini.filename = .user.ini
   user_ini.cache_ttl = 300
   

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8. SLOW ADOPTION
   • Open Source projects were initially not compatible with PHP
   5.3
   • Currently most major Open Source software (Wordpress,
   Drupal, Joomla and Magento) work in PHP 5.3
   • Key plugins are lacking behind
   

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9. PECL ADDITIONS
   • PECL Added
   • FileInfo, Intl, Phar, MySQLnd, SQLite3
   • PECL Removed
   • ncurses, FPDF, dbase, fbsql, ming
   SOURCES: http://php.net/releases/5_3_0.php
   

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10. SPL ADDITIONS
    • GlobIterator - Iterator utilizing glob, look up glob function
    • SplFixedArray - Fixed size/dimension array
    • SplQueue
    • SplHeap
    • SplStack
    SOURCES: http://matthewturland.com/2010/05/20/new-spl-features-in-php-5-3/
    

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11. NEW CONSTANTS
    • __DIR__
    • No more dirname(__FILE__);
    • __NAMESPACE__
    • Current namespace
    

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12. NEW OPERATORS
    • Ternary Operator ?:
    • Goto
    • NOWDOC
    

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13. TERNARY OPERATOR
    // Before PHP 5.3
    $action = $_POST['action'] ? $_POST['action'] : 'Default Action';
    // Now in PHP 5.3 (less time)
    $action = $_POST['action'] ?: 'Default Action';
    

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14. GOTO
    SOURCES: http://xkcd.com/292/
    

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15. GOTO EXAMPLE
    for($i=0,$j=50; $i<100; $i++) {
    while($j--) {
    if($j==17) goto end;
    }
    }
    echo "i = $i";
    end: // End
    echo 'j hit 17';
    SOURCES: http://php.net/manual/en/control-structures.goto.php
    

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16. NOWDOC VS. HEREDOC
    • NOWDOC works just like HEREDOC, except it does not
    evaluate PHP variables
    $myVar = 'testing';
    // OUTPUT: Here is my text testing
    $longString = <<Here is my text $myVar
    HEREDOC;
    // OUTPUT: Here is my text $myVar
    $longString = <<<'NOWDOC'
    Here is my text $myVar
    'NOWDOC';
    

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17. DATE/TIME OBJECT
    ADDITIONS
    • New functions/methods added to Date/Time Object
    • date_add, date_sub and date_diff
    SOURCES: http://www.php.net/manual/en/class.datetime.php
    $date = new DateTime('2000-01-01');
    $date->add(new DateInterval('P10D'));
    echo $date->format('Y-m-d') . "\n";
    // OR
    $date = date_create('200-01-01');
    date_add($date, date_interval_create_from_date_string('10 days'));
    echo date_format($date, 'Y-m-d');
    

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18. NEW METHODS
    • Functors/__invoke
    • Dynamic Static Method
    • __callStatic
    • get_called_class()
    

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19. __INVOKE
    class Functor {
    public function __invoke($param = null)
    {
    return 'Hello Param: ' . $param;
    }
    }
    $func = new Functor();
    echo $func('PHP 5.3'); // Hello Param: PHP 5.3
    

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20. DYNAMIC STATIC METHOD
    abstract class Model
    {
    const TABLE_NAME = '';
    public static function __call($method, $params)
    {
    // Run logic
    return $this->$method($criteria, $order, $limit, $offset);
    }
    }
    

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21. DYNAMIC STATIC METHOD
    abstract class Model
    {
    const TABLE_NAME = '';
    public static function __callStatic($method, $params)
    {
    // Run logic
    return static::$method($criteria, $order, $limit, $offset);
    }
    }
    

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22. __CALLSTATIC
    • __callStatic works exactly like __call, except it’s a static
    method
    • Acts as a catch all for all undefined methods (get or set)
    abstract class Model
    {
    const TABLE_NAME = '';
    public static function __callStatic($method, $params)
    {
    // Run logic
    return static::$method($criteria, $order, $limit, $offset);
    }
    }
    

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23. GET_CLASS_CALLED
    • get_called_class returns the class name that called on the
    parent method
    

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24. GET_CLASS_CALLED
    namespace App {
    abstract class Model {
    public static function __callStatic($method, $params)
    {
    // Search Logic
    $method = $matches[1];
    return static::$method($criteria, $order, $limit, $offset);
    }
    public static function find($criteria = array(), $order = null, $limit = null, $offset = 0)
    {
    $tableName = strtolower(get_class_called()); // get_class_called will return Post
    }
    }
    }
    namespace App\Models {
    class Post extends \App\Model {}
    }
    // Returns all the posts that contain Dallas PHP in the title
    $posts = Post::findByTitle('Dallas PHP');
    ?>
    

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25. LATE STATIC BINDING
    • This feature was named "late static bindings" with an internal
    perspective in mind. "Late binding" comes from the fact that
    static:: will no longer be resolved using the class where the
    method is defined but it will rather be computed using
    runtime information.
    SOURCES: http://us.php.net/lsb
    

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26. LSB BEFORE PHP 5.3
    class Model {
    const TABLE_NAME = '';
    public static function getTable()
    {
    return self::TABLE_NAME;
    }
    }
    class Author extends Model {
    const TABLE_NAME = 'Author';
    }
    class Post extends Model {
    const TABLE_NAME = 'Post'
    }
    // sadly you get nothing
    echo Post::TABLE_NAME;
    

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27. LSB PHP 5.3.X
    • static keyword to save the day!
    class Model {
    const TABLE_NAME = '';
    public static function getTable()
    {
    return static::TABLE_NAME;
    }
    }
    class Author extends Model {
    const TABLE_NAME = 'Author';
    }
    class Post extends Model {
    const TABLE_NAME = 'Post'
    }
    // sadly you get nothing
    echo Post::TABLE_NAME;
    

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28. LAMBDA IN PHP 5.3
    • Anonymous functions, also known as closures, allow the
    creation of functions which have no specified name. They are
    most useful as the value of callback parameters, but they have
    many other uses.
    • Good function examples: array_map() and array_walk()
    $string = 'Testing';
    $array = array('hello', 'world', 'trying', 'PHP 5.3');
    $return = array_walk($array, function($v,$k) {
    echo ucwords($v);
    });
    

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29. LAMBDA EXAMPLE (JQUERY)
    $('.button').click(function() {
    $(this).hide();
    });
    

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30. CLOSURE
    // Cycle factory: takes a series of arguments
    // for the closure to cycle over.
    function getRowColor (array $colors) {
    $i = 0;
    $max = count($colors);
    $colors = array_values($colors);
    $color = function() use (&$i, $max, $colors) {
    $color = $colors[$i];
    $i = ($i + 1) % $max;
    return $color;
    };
    return $color;
    }
    $rowColor = getRowColor(array('#FFF', '#F00', '#000'));
    echo $rowColor() . '
    ';
    echo $rowColor() . '
    ';
    echo $rowColor() . '
    ';
    echo $rowColor() . '
    ';
    echo $rowColor() . '
    ';
    echo $rowColor() . '
    ';
    

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31. NAMESPACES
    • Before PHP 5.3
    • PHP didn’t have namespaces, so we created a standard:
    “Zend_Auth_Adapter_DbTable”
    • PEAR naming convention
    • Easier for autoloaders
    

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32. DEFINING A NAMESPACE
    namespace MyApp\Util;
    class String
    {
    public function formatPhone($phone) {
    // Regex phone number
    return true;
    }
    }
    

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33. “USE” A NAMESPACE
    use MyApp\Util\String as String;
    $str = new String();
    if ($str->formatPhone('123-456-7890')) {
    echo 'ITS TRUE';
    }
    

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34. DEFINING MULTIPLE
    NAMESPACES
    use Framework\Controller as BaseController
    use Framework\Model as BaseModel
    namespace MyApp\Controllers;
    class UsersController extends BaseController
    {
    }
    namespace MyApp\UserModel;
    class User extends BaseModel
    {
    }
    use Framework\Controller as BaseController
    use Framework\Model as BaseModel
    namespace MyApp\Controllers {
    class UsersController extends
    BaseController
    {
    }
    }
    namespace MyApp\UserModel {
    class User extends BaseModel
    {
    }
    }
    One Way Preferred Way!
    

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35. WHAT IS GLOBAL SCOPE?
    • Global Scope is your “root level” outside of the namespace
    namespace Framework;
    class DB
    {
    public function getConnection()
    {
    try {
    $dbh = new \PDO('mysql:dbname=testdb;host=localhost', 'root', 'pass');
    } catch (\Exception $e) {
    echo 'Default Exception';
    }
    }
    }
    $db = new DB();
    $db = $db->getConnection();
    

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36. ORM EXAMPLE
    namespace App {
    abstract class Model {
    const TABLE_NAME = '';
    public static function __callStatic($method, $params)
    {
    if (!preg_match('/^(find|findFirst|count)By(\w+)$/', $method, $matches)) {
    throw new \Exception("Call to undefined method {$method}");
    }
    echo preg_replace('/([a-z0-9])([A-Z])/', '$1_$2', $matches[2]);
    $criteriaKeys = explode('_And_', preg_replace('/([a-z0-9])([A-Z])/', '$1_$2', $matches[2]));
    print_r($matches);
    $criteriaKeys = array_map('strtolower', $criteriaKeys);
    $criteriaValues = array_slice($params, 0, count($criteriaKeys));
    $criteria = array_combine($criteriaKeys, $criteriaValues);
    $params = array_slice($params, count($criteriaKeys));
    if (count($params) > 0) {
    list($order, $limit, $offset) = $params;
    }
    $method = $matches[1];
    return static::$method($criteria, $order, $limit, $offset);
    }
    public static function find($criteria = array(), $order = null, $limit = null, $offset = 0)
    {
    echo static::TABLE_NAME;
    echo $order . ' ' . $limit . ' ' . $offset;
    }
    }
    }
    namespace App\Models {
    class Posts extends \App\Model
    {
    const TABLE_NAME = 'posts';
    }
    }
    

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37. QUESTIONS?
    

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38. THANKS FOR LISTENING
    Contact Information
    [t]: @jakefolio
    [e]: jake@dallasphp.org
    [w]: http://www.jakefolio.com
    

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