Clojure-Web-Apps.pdf

Clojure, as a Lisp dialect running on the JVM, is a purely functional language that also takes advantage of the great library support available in the Java world.

As a functional language, it provides great abstractions for developing web applications, particularly because of how it handles HTTP, a fundamentally stateless protocol. In this talk, I will explain the fundamental concepts behind Clojure web applications and how the Clojure libraries harness the power of the existing Java infrastructure to provide state of the art server technology.

Transcript

1. Web Applications Clojure BERLIN, 22 Feb 2018
 JOY CLARK ❤
2. 2 Web Applications Clojure Joy Clark Consultant @ innoQ joy.clark@innoq.com @iamjoyclark
3. Web Applications 3 Web Applications Clojure
4. retrieving a page 4 Web Applications ❤ Clojure Joy Clark / @iamjoyclark
5. forms 5 Web Applications ❤ Clojure Joy Clark / @iamjoyclark
6. 6 Web Applications ❤ Clojure Joy Clark / @iamjoyclark redirects
7. JavaScript 7 Web Applications ❤ Clojure Joy Clark / @iamjoyclark
8. 8 Web Applications Clojure
9. Clojure 9 • Lisp Variant for the JVM • Functional Language • Dynamically Typed • Immutable Data Structures • Simplicity - Separation of Data and Behavior Web Applications ❤ Clojure Joy Clark / @iamjoyclark
10. Data Structures 10 Web Applications ❤ Clojure Joy Clark / @iamjoyclark “Hello World” 3 3.14 3/2 \a :first foo #“Ch.*se” (“Hello” :first) [3 4 3] {:name “Joy” :company “INNOQ”} #{3 4 3}
11. Functions 11 Web Applications ❤ Clojure Joy Clark / @iamjoyclark (+ 1 2 3) > 6 (:city {:name “INNOQ” :city “Berlin”}) > “Berlin” (map inc [1 2 3]) > (2 3 4)
12. 12 Web Applications ❤ Clojure „You’ve just seen it“ - Rich Hickey Clojure Syntax:
13. Web Applications + Clojure = 13 Web Applications Clojure ❤
14. 14 Something that takes a HTTP Request and returns a HTTP Response Web Applications ❤ Clojure What’s a Web Application? Joy Clark / @iamjoyclark
15. 15 https://github.com/ring-clojure/ring • HTTP Server abstraction • Request & Response are data • Web App is a function Web Applications ❤ Clojure Ring Joy Clark / @iamjoyclark
16. 16 {:uri “/” :request-method :get :headers { … }
 :params {:name “Joy”} …} Web Applications ❤ Clojure Ring: Request Joy Clark / @iamjoyclark
17. 17 {:status 200 :headers { … }
 :body “Hello!”} Web Applications ❤ Clojure Ring: Response Joy Clark / @iamjoyclark
18. 18 (defn example-app [request] (let [name (get-in request [:params :name])] {:status 200
 :headers {“Content-Type” “text/plain”} :body (str “Hello, ” name “!”)}) Web Applications ❤ Clojure Ring: Handler Joy Clark / @iamjoyclark
19. 19 • Jetty • Servlet • http-kit • Tomcat … Web Applications ❤ Clojure Ring: Adapter Joy Clark / @iamjoyclark
20. 20 (defn wrap-logging [handler] (fn [request] (print request)
 (let [response (handler request)] (print response) response))) Web Applications ❤ Clojure Ring: Middleware Joy Clark / @iamjoyclark webapp Java HTTP Server Ring Server Adapter middleware middleware
21. Ring: Middleware 21 • https://github.com/ring-clojure/ring-defaults • https://github.com/ring-clojure/ring-json Web Applications ❤ Clojure Joy Clark / @iamjoyclark
22. 22 https://github.com/weavejester/compojure Web Applications ❤ Clojure Compojure Joy Clark / @iamjoyclark
23. 23 Excursion… Clojure Macros Web Applications Clojure
24. Clojure: Macros 24 Web Applications ❤ Clojure Joy Clark / @iamjoyclark “(case 3 1 “one” 2 “two” “more”)” Reader Text Data Structures (case 3 1 “one” 2 “two” “more”)
25. Clojure: Macros 25 Web Applications ❤ Clojure Joy Clark / @iamjoyclark Expand Data Structures (case 1 “one” 2 “two” “more”) Data Structures (if (= 3 1) “one” (if (= 3 2) “two” “more”))
26. Back to Compojure… 26 Web Applications ❤ Clojure Joy Clark / @iamjoyclark
27. Compojure: Macro 27 (GET “/hello” [] “Hello, world!”) Web Applications ❤ Clojure Joy Clark / @iamjoyclark (fn [req] (if (and (= (:uri req) “/hello”) (= (:request-method req) :get)) {:body “Hello, world!”}))
28. Compojure: Handler 28 (defroutes app-routes (GET “/” request (list-users request)) (POST “/” {params :params :as request} (add-user request params)) (GET “/:username” [username :as request] (get-user request username))) Web Applications ❤ Clojure Joy Clark / @iamjoyclark
29. 29 • https://github.com/juxt/bidi • http://clojure-liberator.github.io/liberator/ Web Applications ❤ Clojure Compojure: Alternatives Joy Clark / @iamjoyclark
30. 30 Functional composition! Web Applications ❤ Clojure Putting it all together Joy Clark / @iamjoyclark
31. 31 HTML Templating Web Applications ❤ Clojure <love> ❤ </love>
32. Hiccup 32 <div id=“foo”> <span>bar</span> </div> [:div {:id “foo”} [:span “bar”]] Web Applications ❤ Clojure Joy Clark / @iamjoyclark https://github.com/weavejester/hiccup
33. Hiccup 33 Make sure to escape HTML when using Hiccup! (defn render-html [input] (hiccup.util/escape-html (hiccup.core/html input))) Web Applications ❤ Clojure Joy Clark / @iamjoyclark
34. Hiccup: Alternatives 34 • https://github.com/cgrand/enlive • https://github.com/yogthos/Selmer Web Applications ❤ Clojure Joy Clark / @iamjoyclark
35. 35 Summary Web Applications ❤ Clojure
36. Summary 36 • Functional language ideal for Web Apps • Clojure is a stable language • Libraries vs. Frameworks • Community is healthy and welcoming Web Applications ❤ Clojure Joy Clark / @iamjoyclark
37. Interesting Libraries 37 • https://github.com/technomancy/leiningen • https://github.com/boot-clj/boot • https://github.com/weavejester/environ • https://github.com/krisajenkins/yesql • https://github.com/stuartsierra/component Web Applications ❤ Clojure Joy Clark / @iamjoyclark
38. “Frameworks” 38 • https://github.com/weavejester/duct • http://www.luminusweb.net • https://github.com/metosin/compojure-api Web Applications ❤ Clojure Joy Clark / @iamjoyclark
39. 39 Live Demo! Web Applications Clojure https://github.com/innoq/tutorial-clj-webapp
40. 40 State in Clojure… Web Applications Clojure
41. 41 Web Applications Clojure INNOQ / „No man ever steps in the same river twice, for it’s not the same river and he’s not the same man“ - Heraclitus
42. Clojure Identity 42 • The world around us is constantly changing. • We shouldn’t make the world “stop” so that we can change it. • Instead… • We can give the world a function telling it what we want to change. Web Applications ❤ Clojure Joy Clark / @iamjoyclark
43. 43 Web Applications ❤ Clojure swap! Joy Clark / @iamjoyclark
44. 44 CSRF: Cross-Site Request Forgery Web Applications Clojure
45. CSRF 45 Web Applications ❤ Clojure Joy Clark / @iamjoyclark
46. Protect Against CSRF 46 • Don't use GET requests to change state! <img src="some http get request”> • SameSite=Strict cookie attribute (default in site-defaults!) • https://github.com/ring-clojure/ring-anti-forgery Web Applications ❤ Clojure Joy Clark / @iamjoyclark
47. CSRF Protection 47 Web Applications ❤ Clojure Joy Clark / @iamjoyclark
48. 48 Thank you! Joy Clark | @iamjoyclark | joy.clark@innoq.com https://github.com/innoq/tutorial-clj-webapp