Perl 6 OOP

features and syntax of OO in Perl 6, whcih might be much more than you expect

Transcript

1. Perl 6 OOP
2. What is OOP ?
3. Larry Wall Says:
4. What is OOP ?
5. Position
6. Out Of Position
7. O O P
8. Man With Clue
9. Read That !
10. Damian Says: Object-oriented programming ... many opinions, theories, and even ideologies have been formulated on the subject. ... Most are mutually inconsistent.
11. O O P Classes / Prototypes (Multiple) Inheritance / Roles MMD + Delegation Types + Subtypes Introspection / Metaobj.
12. His Opinion
13. TIMTOWTDI
14. All There in Beauty
15. In Search Of Perf.
16. Starts With A Class
17. Class class
18. Class class instanceable name space
19. Class class module package
20. Class class Excalibur; class Babylon;
21. Class class instanceable name space
22. NS in Braces class Excalibur { ... }
23. Object
24. Object my $obj = Class.new();
25. Ops Changed my $obj = Class.new();
26. Create New
27. Clone Existing
28. Object my $obj = $old.clone();
29. Object my $obj = $old.clone(...);
30. Positional Paramters clone($pos1, $pos2);
31. Named Parameters clone( :key('value'),);
32. With Autoquoting clone( :key<value>,);
33. Old School Works Too clone( key=>'value',);
34. Object new & clone bless stayed
35. Attributes + Methods
36. Space Ship
37. Class class Spaceship { has Int $.speed; method stop { $speed = 0 } }
38. I can do that too !
39. In Perl 5 package Spaceship; use Moose; has 'speed' => ( is => 'ro'; isa => 'Int'; ); sub stop { $self = shift; $self->speed = 0; }
40. Me too !
41. In Perl 5 package Spaceship; use Moo; has 'speed' => ( is => 'ro'; isa => sub { die "…" unless looks_like_number($_[0]); }); sub stop { $self = shift; $self->speed = 0; }
42. In Perl 5 use MooseX::Declare; class Spaceship { has 'speed' => ( is => 'ro'; isa => 'Int'; ); method stop { $self->speed = 0; } }
43. Class class Spaceship { has Int $.speed; method stop { $.speed = 0; } }
44. Attribute Usage P5 P6 $self->speed $.speed shift->speed self.speed $!speed
45. Twigil of Accessors . public ! private
46. Twigil of Accessors . public ! private has $!speed; # private
47. Twigil of Accessors . public ! private has $speed; # private too
48. trusts
49. trusts class Dog { trusts Cat; has $!Bone; }
50. trusts class Cat { method steal { my $carlo = Dog.new(); $carlo!Bone = 0; ...
51. Twigils . punlic access. ! private access. ^ pos. auto para. : named auto p. * global var ? compiler info = POD ~ sublang
52. Sigils $ Scalar @ Array % Hash
53. Sigils has $.speed; has @.shuttle; has %.crew;
54. In Perl 5 use MooseX::Declare; class Spaceship { has 'speed' => ( is => 'ro'; isa => 'Int'; ); method stop { $self->speed = 0; } }
55. In Perl 5 use MooseX::Declare; class Spaceship { has 'speed' => ( is => 'rw'; isa => 'Int'; ); method stop { $self->speed = 0; } }
56. Class class Spaceship { has Int $.speed is rw; method stop { $.speed = 0; } }
57. Class class Spaceship { has Int $.speed is rw = 0; method stop { $.speed = 0; } }
58. In Perl 5 use MooseX::Declare; class Spaceship { has 'speed' => ( is => 'rw'; isa => 'Int'; default => 0; ); method stop { $self->speed = 0; } }
59. Perl 6 Attribute no: isa default (just Syntax) predicate required coerce reader writer init_arg clearer builder lazy_build
60. That was my idea!
61. Perl 6 & Moose has is
62. Subtypes
63. Moose subtype 'Slogan' => as 'Str' => where {length $_< 50};
64. Perl 6 my subset Slogan of Str where {$_.chars < 50};
65. Delegation
66. Excalibur
67. Perl 6 class Excalibur; has $.clock handles 'now'; $excalibur = Excalibur.new; $excalibur.clock.now;
68. Perl 6 class Excalibur; has DateTime $.clock handles 'now'; $excalibur = Excalibur.new; $excalibur.now;
69. Moose has 'clock' => ( handles => 'now'; );
70. Moose Rename has 'clock' => ( handles => { now => 'time' }; );
71. Perl 6 Rename class Spaceship; has DateTime $.clock handles { :time<now>};
72. Methods
73. Methods method stop { … }
74. Methods method !stop { … }
75. Methods method !stop { … } submethod
76. Methods method !stop { … } submethod # !inherit
77. MMD ?
78. MMD Multi Method Dispatch
79. MMD only multi proto
80. MMD only # default anyway multi # look at ! proto # later
81. MMD multi method navigate (Coord $place) {} multi method navigate (Str $cmd) {};
82. MMD $excalibur.navigate('back');
83. MMD only # default anyway multi # MMD proto # own handling
84. Inheritance
85. MooseX::Declare class WhiteStar extends Spaceship;
86. Inheritance extends => is
87. Perl 6 class WhiteStar is Spaceship;
88. Multiple Inheritance class WhiteStar is Spaceship is Minbari;
89. Vererbung später extends => also is
90. MooseX::Declare class WhiteStar; ... extends Spaceship;
91. Perl 6 class WhiteStar { ... also is Spaceship;
92. Roles
93. Class Hierarchy
94. Where to insert ?
95. Solution Role: Unit Of Reusable Functionality
96. Therefore Role: Unit Of Reusable Functionality Outside Any Hierarchy
97. Therefore Role: Unit Of Reusable Functionality Called Trait Elsewhere
98. Therefore Role: Reusable => Small
99. Remember? Role: Reusable => Small Class: instanceable name space
100. How To Solve That Role: Reusable => Small Class: Complete => Big
101. Class Do Can't Both Role: Reusable => Small != Class: Complete => Big
102. Roles may be inherited ! if mixed into a class & remove @ run time
103. Roles conflicts throw exceptions
104. Roles conflicts throw exceptions No global overwrite like Ruby Mixins
105. Roles conflicts throw exceptions No global overwrite like Ruby Mixins Refinements doesn't solve it all
106. Roles conflicts throw exceptions Roles > multiple inheritance (conflicts remain unhandled - in intelligent way)
107. Roles conflicts throw exceptions except when method is empty
108. Roles conflicts throw exceptions except when method is empty then is has to be overwritten (interface)
109. Roles role Spaceship { has Int $.speed; method stop { $.speed = 0 } }
110. Roles role Clock { has DateTime $.time; method alarm { ... } }
111. Apply Roles with => does
112. Moose class Excalibur extends WhiteStar with Clock;
113. Moo too !
114. Moo::Role package Excalibur; extends 'WhiteStar'; with 'Clock';
115. Perl 6 class Excalibur is WhiteStar does Clock;
116. Perl 6 class Excalibur is Whitestar; also does Clock;
117. Perl 6 class Excalibbur is WhiteStar; also does Clock does PlasmaGun;
118. Perl 6 $excalibur does Clock;
119. Introspection
120. Methods WHAT short name WHICH object ID (type) WHO package, long name in str context WHERE memory address HOW object of meta class WHEN (reserved for events?) WHY (reserved for documentation) WHENCE autovivification of closures
121. Methods WHAT short name WHICH object ID (type) WHO package, long name in str context WHERE memory address HOW object of meta class WHEN (reserved for events?) WHY (reserved for documentation) WHENCE autovivification of closures
122. Methods WHAT short name WHICH object ID (type) WHO package, long name in str context WHERE memory address HOW object of meta class WHEN (reserved for events?) WHY (reserved for documentation) WHENCE autovivification of closures
123. Introspection Class.HOW.methods($obj) Class.^methods()
124. Metaobjectmethods identifier name authority version author description subject language licensed parents roles
125. Deeper & Deeper $obj.^methods()[$which].signature
126. Introspection All is an Object
127. Introspection All is an Object „objects are stupid“.uc
128. Introspection All is an Object Commands are Methods
129. Introspection All is an Object Commands are Methods (Operators too)
130. Introspection All is an Object Commands are Methods (Operators too) MMD is everywhere
131. Introspection All is an Object Commands are Methods (Operators too) MMD is everywhere also in Regexes
132. Name Spaces package module class
133. A Kind Of Class package module class grammar
134. Grammars grammar { token { … } rule { … } regex { … } }
135. Learn More S12: Objekte,S14: Rollen perl6.org/documentation http://perlcabal.org/syn/ opt. Precise & Volume
136. Learn More Perl 6 Docs doc.perl6.org/language/objects Opt.: Short & Precise
137. Learn More Perl 6 Tablets tablets.perl6.org opt.: Hypertext & Volume
138. Cockaigne
139. Thank You