Gradle with Kotlin

We'll first study the Kotlin-DSL by going through the language features that enable it. Next, we'll see how it's better than Groovy-DSL. In the end, we'll convert the existing Gradle script written in Groovy-DSL to Kotlin-DSL

Transcript

1. GRADLE WITH KOTLIN Manpreet Android @ Hotstar @manpreetsgarha
2. Introduction to Gradle • Build automation system • Default for Android projects • Built-in dependency management
3. Groovy based DSL apply plugin: 'com.android.application' apply plugin: 'kotlin-android' android { compileSdkVersion 28 defaultConfig { applicationId "com.manpreets.gdgdevfest" minSdkVersion 15 targetSdkVersion 28 versionCode 1 versionName "1.0" } } dependencies { implementation fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar']) implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk7:$kotlin_version" }
4. Why Groovy for Gradle? • Dynamic language • Beautiful DSL • Java byte-code
5. Let’s look into some groovy void sum(a, b) { return a + b } sum(6,7) sum 6,7
6. [firstName:'Manpreet', lastName:'Singh', age:25] firstName :'Manpreet'
7. apply plugin: 'com.android.application' apply plugin: 'kotlin-android' project.apply(["plugin": "com.android.application"]) project.apply(["plugin": "kotlin-android"])
8. android { compileSdkVersion 28 defaultConfig { applicationId "com.manpreets.gdgdevfest" minSdkVersion 15 targetSdkVersion 28 versionCode 1 versionName "1.0" } } android({ BaseExtension be -> be.compileSdkVersion(28) be.defaultConfig({ DefaultConfig df -> df.applicationId("com.manpreets.gdgdevfest") df.minSdkVersion(15) df.targetSdkVersion(28) df.versionCode(1) df.versionName("1.0") }) })
9. What’s missing? • Documentation and navigation sources • Feedback loop in the IDE • Auto-complete! • Understanding of groovy • Extension of build logic
10. plugins { id("com.android.application") id("kotlin-android") } android { compileSdkVersion(28) defaultConfig { applicationId = "com.manpreets.gdgdevfest" minSdkVersion(15) targetSdkVersion(28) versionCode = 1 versionName = "1.0" } } dependencies { implementation(fileTree(mapOf("dir" to "libs", "include" to mutableListOf("*.jar")))) implementation(kotlin("stdlib-jdk7", KotlinCompilerVersion.VERSION)) } gradle/Kotlin-DSL
11. How? • Higher order functions • Use of lambdas outside of method parenthesis • Extension function • Operator overloading
12. android { compileSdkVersion = 28 defaultConfig { applicationId = "com.manpreets.gdgdevfest" ndkOptions { abiFilter = "armeabi-v7a" } } }
13. class BaseAndroid(var compileSdkVersion: Int = 23, var defaultConfig: DefaultConfig = DefaultConfig()) android { compileSdkVersion = 28 .. } fun android(android: BaseAndroid.() -> Unit) = BaseAndroid().apply(android)
14. android { compileSdkVersion = 28 defaultConfig { applicationId = "com.manpreets.gdgdevfest" .. } } class BaseAndroid(var compileSdkVersion: Int = 23, var defaultConfig: DefaultConfig = DefaultConfig())
15. class HelloGDG { operator fun invoke(msg: String) { print(msg) } } var helloGDG = HelloGDG() helloGDG("Hello")
16. class BaseAndroid(var compileSdkVersion: Int = 23, var defaultConfig: DefaultConfig = DefaultConfig()) android { .. defaultConfig { applicationId = "com.manpreets.gdgdevfest" .. } } class DefaultConfig(var applicationId: String = "default", var ndkOptions: NdkOptions = NdkOptions()) { operator fun invoke(defaultConfig: DefaultConfig.() -> Unit) { this.apply(defaultConfig) } }
17. class NdkOptions(var abiFilter: String = "") { operator fun invoke(f: NdkOptions.() -> Unit) { this.apply(f) } } class DefaultConfig(var applicationId: String = "default", var ndkOptions: NdkOptions = NdkOptions()) { operator fun invoke(defaultConfig: DefaultConfig.() -> Unit) { this.apply(defaultConfig) } } defaultConfig { applicationId = "com.manpreets.gdgdevfest" ndkOptions { abiFilter = "armeabi-v7a" } }
18. android { compileSdkVersion = 28 defaultConfig { applicationId = "com.manpreets.gdgdevfest" ndkOptions { abiFilter = "armeabi-v7a" } } } class BaseAndroid(var compileSdkVersion: Int = 23, var defaultConfig: DefaultConfig = DefaultConfig()) class DefaultConfig(var applicationId: String = "default", var ndkOptions: NdkOptions = NdkOptions()) class NdkOptions(var abiFilter: String = "")
19. Let’s convert all our .gradle files to .gradle.kts [DEMO]
20. Summary • Use buildSrc • Use Action<T> • Legacy support • Not stable yet • Slower • https://github.com/manpreetsgarha/gdgdevfest • https://github.com/gradle/kotlin-dsl • https://guides.gradle.org/migrating-build-logic-from-groovy-to-kotlin • https://docs.gradle.org/5.0-milestone-1/userguide/userguide.html
21. Questions? twitter.com/manpreetsgarha