エンジニアリング組織アーキテクチャの調査と設計要点に対する考察 / Investigation of engineering organization architecture and consideration of design points

第5回 Web System Architecture 研究会 (WSA研) の発表資料です。
https://websystemarchitecture.hatenablog.jp/entry/2019/07/30/172650

Transcript

1. ΤϯδχΞϦϯά૊৫ΞʔΩςΫνϟͷ
   ௐࠪͱઃܭཁ఺ʹର͢Δߟ࡯
   גࣜձࣾϋʔτϏʔπ VP of Engineering
   ߴଜ ੒ಓʢ@nari_exʣ
   ୈ 5 ճ Web System Architecture ݚڀձ (2019/09/28) | Takamura Narimichi (@nari_ex) 1
   

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2. ࣗݾ঺հ
   • Takamura Narimchi / ߴଜ ੒ಓ
   • @nari_ex
   • גࣜձࣾϋʔτϏʔπ औక໾ VP of
   Engineering
   • ిؾ௨৴େֶ
   • ৘ใཧ޻ֶ෦৘ใɾ௨৴޻ֶՊ ֶ࢜
   • άϩʔϏεܦӦେֶӃ
   • ܦӦݚڀՊܦӦઐ߈ म࢜ʢMBAʣ
   ୈ 5 ճ Web System Architecture ݚڀձ (2019/09/28) | Takamura Narimichi (@nari_ex) 2
   

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3. ໨࣍
   • എܠͱ՝୊
   • ୅දతͳ૊৫ߏ଄ͱ։ൃख๏ͷௐࠪ
   • ૊৫ͱ͸ɺ૊৫ͷڥքͱ͸
   • ·ͱΊ
   ୈ 5 ճ Web System Architecture ݚڀձ (2019/09/28) | Takamura Narimichi (@nari_ex) 3
   

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4. എܠͱ՝୊
   • Web γεςϜͷ੒௕ʹ൐͍ɺෳࡶ͕͞૿Ճ
   • ૊৫ؒͷ࿈ܞෆ଍ʹىҼ༷ͯ͠ʑͳ໰୊͕ൃੜ
   • Web γεςϜͷ੒௕ϑΣʔζʹ͓͍ͯɺΤϯδχΞϦϯά૊৫
   ͷύϑΥʔϚϯεͱεέʔϥϏϦςΟ͕ϘτϧωοΫʹ
   • ΤϯδχΞϦϯά૊৫ͷઃܭʹ͓͍ͯମܥԽ͞Εͨ஌ݟ͕๡͠
   ͍ͨΊɺख୳ΓͰߦ͏͜ͱ͕ଟ͍
   ୈ 5 ճ Web System Architecture ݚڀձ (2019/09/28) | Takamura Narimichi (@nari_ex) 4
   

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5. ୅දతͳ૊৫ߏ଄ͱ։ൃख๏ͷௐࠪ
   ୈ 5 ճ Web System Architecture ݚڀձ (2019/09/28) | Takamura Narimichi (@nari_ex) 5
   

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6. ܦӦֶʹొ৔͢Δ୅දతͳ૊৫ߏ଄
   • ػೳผ૊৫
   • ࣄۀ෦੍૊৫
   • ϓϩδΣΫτνʔϜܕ૊৫
   => ΤϯδχΞϦϯά૊৫ͱ͍͏จ຺͕ͳ͍఺͕ෆे෼
   ୈ 5 ճ Web System Architecture ݚڀձ (2019/09/28) | Takamura Narimichi (@nari_ex) 6
   

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7. ୅දతͳ Web γεςϜΞʔΩςΫνϟͱ૊৫ߏ଄
   • ϞϊϦε
   • ϚΠΫϩαʔϏε
   ୈ 5 ճ Web System Architecture ݚڀձ (2019/09/28) | Takamura Narimichi (@nari_ex) 7
   

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8. ϞϊϦεͷ૊৫ߏ଄
   • యܕతͳڞ༗DBϞσϧ
   • ϑϩϯτΤϯυ։ൃɺόοΫΤϯυ։ൃɺ
   DBAɺOps ͱ͍͏Α͏ʹػೳผ૊৫Ͱߏ
   ੒͞Ε͍ͯΔ৔߹ʹ࠾༻͞ΕΔ͜ͱ͕ଟ͍
   • ٕज़՝୊: DB पΓͷॲཧੑೳ΍มߋίε
   τ͕։ൃͷϘτϧωοΫʹͳΔ
   • ૊৫՝୊: ෦໳ؒͷαΠϩԽ͕ൃੜ͠΍͢
   ͍ɺڞ༗ϦιʔεΛ࣋ͭ૊৫ʢDBAɺ
   Opsʣʹෛՙ͕ूத͢Δ
   ୈ 5 ճ Web System Architecture ݚڀձ (2019/09/28) | Takamura Narimichi (@nari_ex) 8
   

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9. ิ଍: ίϯ΢ΣΠͷ๏ଇʢConway’s Lawʣ
   ʮγεςϜΛઃܭ͢Δ૊৫͸ɺͦͷߏ଄Λͦͬ͘Γ·Ͷͨߏ଄ͷ
   ઃܭΛੜΈग़ͯ͠͠·͏ʯ
   ୈ 5 ճ Web System Architecture ݚڀձ (2019/09/28) | Takamura Narimichi (@nari_ex) 9
   

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10. ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεͷ૊৫ߏ଄
    • ٯίϯ΢ΣΠઓུʹΑΓɺαʔϏε͝ͱʹνʔ
    ϜΛߏ੒͢Δ
    • ٕज़՝୊: αʔϏεؒ௨৴ࣦഊͷέΞ΍τϥϯ
    βΫγϣϯͷෳࡶԽͳͲɺαʔϏε͕෼ࢄͨ͠
    ͜ͱʹΑΔσϝϦοτ͕ੜ͡Δ
    • ૊৫՝୊:
    • ੹೚ൣғ͕αʔϏεશମʹͳΔͨΊɺཁٻ͞
    ΕΔٕज़ྖҬ͕֦େ͢Δ
    • ୲౰αʔϏεΛෳ਺࣋ͭ৔߹ʹ͸ɺաෛՙʹ
    ͳΔνʔϜ΍ϝϯόʔ͕ੜ͡ΔՄೳੑ͕͋Δ
    ୈ 5 ճ Web System Architecture ݚڀձ (2019/09/28) | Takamura Narimichi (@nari_ex) 10
    

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11. ิ଍: ٯίϯ΢ΣΠઓུʢInverse Conway Maneuverʣ
    ιϑτ΢ΣΞͷߏ଄͕૊৫ͷߏ଄ʹ൓ө͢Δ
    ୈ 5 ճ Web System Architecture ݚڀձ (2019/09/28) | Takamura Narimichi (@nari_ex) 11
    

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12. DevOpsʁ SREʁ
    • DevOps: ૊৫αΠϩͷղফΛ໨తͱͨ͠ந৅֓೦
    • ந৅౓͕ߴ͘૊৫ΞʔΩςΫνϟͷઃܭ·Ͱམͱ͠ࠐΉ͜ͱ
    ͕೉͍͠
    • SRE: ૊৫αΠϩͱӡ༻ٕज़ऀͷઢܗ૿ՃΛղফ͢ΔͨΊͷٕज़
    ख๏
    • ΤϯδχΞϦϯά૊৫ͱ͍͏είʔϓ͸ෆద౰
    ୈ 5 ճ Web System Architecture ݚڀձ (2019/09/28) | Takamura Narimichi (@nari_ex) 12
    

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13. ͜͜·Ͱͷ·ͱΊ
    • ϞϊϦεͱϚΠΫϩαʔϏεΛ࠾༻ͨ͠৔߹ͷ૊৫ߏ଄͸ཧղ
    Ͱ͖Δ͕ɺҰํͰର৅ΞʔΩςΫνϟΛ࠾༻͠ͳ͍૊৫ͷઃܭ
    ʹ͏·͘Ԡ༻Ͱ͖ͳ͍
    • => ͳʹ͕ॏཁͳͷ͔ΛೝࣝͰ͖͍ͯͳ͍
    • DevOps ΍ SRE Λݩʹ૊৫ઃܭΛߦ͏͜ͱ͸೉͍͠
    ୈ 5 ճ Web System Architecture ݚڀձ (2019/09/28) | Takamura Narimichi (@nari_ex) 13
    

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14. ΰʔϧ
    • Web γεςϜͷ։ൃΛߦ͏ΤϯδχΞϦϯά૊৫ͷΞʔΩςΫ
    νϟઃܭʹඞཁͳཁ఺Λମܥతʹ·ͱΊΔ
    ୈ 5 ճ Web System Architecture ݚڀձ (2019/09/28) | Takamura Narimichi (@nari_ex) 14
    

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15. ิ଍: ૊৫Ϛωδϝϯτʹ͓͚Δ૊৫ߏ଄ͷҐஔؔ܎
    จԽ΍ਓࣄ੍౓ͳͲ͸είʔϓʹؚ·Εͳ͍͜ͱʹ஫ҙɻ
    ୈ 5 ճ Web System Architecture ݚڀձ (2019/09/28) | Takamura Narimichi (@nari_ex) 15
    

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16. ૊৫ΞʔΩςΫνϟͷઃܭͱ͸...
    ୈ 5 ճ Web System Architecture ݚڀձ (2019/09/28) | Takamura Narimichi (@nari_ex) 16
    

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17. ૊৫ͱ͸...
    2ਓҎ্ͷਓʑͷɺҙࣝతʹௐ੔͞Εͨॾ׆ಈɺॾྗͷମܥ1
    όʔφʔυͷ૊৫࿦ʹ͓͚Δ૊৫ͷఆ͔ٛΒಘΒΕͨॏཁͳؚҙ͸ҎԼͷ௨Γɻ
    • ૊৫Λߏ੒͢Δཁૉ͸ɺਓؒͦͷ΋ͷͰ͸ͳ͘ɺਓ͕ؒఏڙ͢Δ׆ಈ΍ྗͰ
    ͋Δ͜ͱ
    • ૊৫Λߏ੒͢Δॾ׆ಈɾॾྗ͸ɺମܥʢγεςϜʣͱͯ͠ޓ͍ʹ૬ޓ࡞
    ༻Λ΋ͭ͜ͱ
    1 [Barnard, ܦӦऀͷ໾ׂ, 1938]
    ୈ 5 ճ Web System Architecture ݚڀձ (2019/09/28) | Takamura Narimichi (@nari_ex) 17
    

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18. ૊৫ͷڥքͷछྨ
    Ұൠతͳ૊৫ਤͷఆٛҎ֎ʹ΋׆ಈൣғ͝ͱʹఆٛ͞ΕΔ2ͭͷڥք͕͋Δ2
    ૊৫ͷू߹ମͷύϑΥʔϚϯε͸ୈೋɺୈࡾͷڥքΛ͍͔ʹίϯτϩʔϧ͢Δ͔͕ॏ
    ཁͱͳΔ3
    1. ୈҰڥք: ݫີͳʮ૊৫ʯ֓೦ʹ΋ͱͮ͘ڥք
    2. ୈೋڥք: υϝΠϯͱͯ͠ͷڥք
    3. ୈࡾڥք: ҙࣝతௐ੔ͷٴͿൣғͱͯ͠ͷڥք
    3 Niels Pflaeging, Organize for Complexity, 2014
    2 ܂ాߞଠ࿠ɾాඌխ෉, "૊৫࿦", 2010
    ୈ 5 ճ Web System Architecture ݚڀձ (2019/09/28) | Takamura Narimichi (@nari_ex) 18
    

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19. ૊৫ͷڥք4
    4 Team Topology, Ma.hew SkeltonɾManuel Pais, 2019
    ୈ 5 ճ Web System Architecture ݚڀձ (2019/09/28) | Takamura Narimichi (@nari_ex) 19
    

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20. ίϯ΢ΣΠͷ๏ଇɺٯίϯ΢ΣΠઓུ͔Βͷֶͼ
    • ૊৫ͷߏ଄ʹ͸Ұఆͷنଇ͕ඞཁʹͳΔ
    • ͢΂ͯͷίϛϡχέʔγϣϯͱίϥϘϨʔγϣϯ͕ྑ͍ͱ͸ݶΒͳ͍
    • ෳࡶͳ໰୊Λղܾ͢Δ͏͑Ͱ࠷ߴͷूஂύϑΥʔϚϯεΛ࣮ݱ͢Δʹ
    ͸ɺٕज़ͱ૊৫Λ࠶ઃܭͯ͠ɺਓʑΛޓ͍ͷ࡞ۀ͔Βஅଓతʹ෼཭͢Δ
    ඞཁ͕͋Δ
    • => ૊৫಺ɾ֎ͷίϛϡχέʔγϣϯύεͷॏཁੑ
    • ͋Δ૊৫ؒ͸ີʹɺ͋Δ૊৫ؒ͸ૄʹ
    ୈ 5 ճ Web System Architecture ݚڀձ (2019/09/28) | Takamura Narimichi (@nari_ex) 20
    

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21. ૊৫ؒͷ૬ޓ࡞༻ͷଳҬ4
    4 Team Topology, Ma.hew SkeltonɾManuel Pais, 2019
    ୈ 5 ճ Web System Architecture ݚڀձ (2019/09/28) | Takamura Narimichi (@nari_ex) 21
    

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22. ΤϯδχΞϦϯά૊৫ΞʔΩςΫνϟઃܭͷཁ఺
    • ૊৫ʢਓͷ׆ಈʣͷڥքʢൣғʣΛ۩ମԽ͢Δ͜ͱ
    • ૊৫ؒͷ૬ޓ࡞༻ͷྲྀΕΛ۩ମԽ͢Δ͜ͱ
    => ͜ͷཻ౓Ͱ͸·࣮ͩફతͰ͸ͳ͍ͨΊɺ͞Βʹ۩ମԽΛࢼΈΔ
    ୈ 5 ճ Web System Architecture ݚڀձ (2019/09/28) | Takamura Narimichi (@nari_ex) 22
    

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23. team-sized architecture4
    • Monoliths vs Microservices is Missing
    the Point
    • Start with Team Cogni7ve Load
    • 2019/09/17 ʹग़൛͞Εͨຊ
    4 Team Topology, Ma.hew SkeltonɾManuel Pais, 2019
    ୈ 5 ճ Web System Architecture ݚڀձ (2019/09/28) | Takamura Narimichi (@nari_ex) 23
    

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24. team-sized architecture
    • νʔϜΛ୯ʹಉ͡ϚωʔδϟʔΛ࣋ͭݸਓͷू·ΓͰ͸ͳ͘ɺಠࣗͷֶशɺ໨ඪɺϛογϣ
    ϯɺ͓Αͼ߹ཧతͳࣗ཯ੑΛ࣋ͭΤϯςΟςΟͷू·Γͱఆٛ
    • 7ʙ9໊ఔ౓ͷνʔϜΛ૊৫ͷجຊ୯Ґͱ͢Δ
    • νʔϜͷ੹೚ʹΑͬͯڥքΛ໌֬ʹ͢Δ
    • ૊৫ͷਐԽΛײ஌ͯ͠׆ಈΛमਖ਼͢Δ
    • νʔϜͷೝ஌ෛՙʢCogni&ve LoadʣͷΩϟύγςΟʹ߹ΘͤͯνʔϜͷ੹೚Λ੍ݶ͢Δ
    • 4ͭͷνʔϜλΠϓ
    • 3ͭͷ૬ޓ࡞༻λΠϓ
    ୈ 5 ճ Web System Architecture ݚڀձ (2019/09/28) | Takamura Narimichi (@nari_ex) 24
    

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25. team-sized architecture: 4ͭͷνʔϜλΠϓ
    Stream-aligned νʔϜ͸૊৫ͷओཁͳνʔϜλΠϓͰ͋ΓɺଞͷνʔϜ͸ɺStream-aligned νʔϜͷෛ୲Λܰݮ͢Δ͜ͱͰ͢ɻ
    • Stream-aligned νʔϜ
    • ୯Ұͷ੡඼·ͨ͸αʔϏεɺ୯Ұͷػೳηοτɺ୯ҰͷϢʔβʔδϟʔχʔɺ·ͨ͸୯ҰͷϢʔβʔϖϧιφͷ࡞ۀϑϩʔ
    Λ୲౰͢Δ
    • Enabling νʔϜ
    • υϝΠϯ஌͕ࣝඞཁͳ࡞ۀϑϩʔͷࢧԉΛ୲౰͢Δ
    • Complicated-subsystem νʔϜ
    • ෳࡶͳαϒγεςϜͷࢧԉΛ୲౰͢Δ
    • Pla9orm νʔϜ
    • ηϧϑαʔϏεAPIɺπʔϧɺαʔϏεɺ஌ࣝɺαϙʔτͷج൫Λ୲౰͢Δ
    ୈ 5 ճ Web System Architecture ݚڀձ (2019/09/28) | Takamura Narimichi (@nari_ex) 25
    

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26. team-sized architecture: 3ͭͷ૬ޓ࡞༻ͷλΠϓ
    • Collabora(on
    • ผͷνʔϜͱۓີʹ࿈ܞ͢Δ
    • X-as-a-Service
    • ࠷খݶͷίϥϘϨʔγϣϯͰԿ͔Λফඅ·ͨ͸ఏڙ͢Δ
    • Facilita(ng
    • ଞͷνʔϜΛࢧԉʢ·ͨ͸ࢧԉʣͯ͠ো֐Λղফ͢Δ
    ୈ 5 ճ Web System Architecture ݚڀձ (2019/09/28) | Takamura Narimichi (@nari_ex) 26
    

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27. team-sized architetcture: ࣮૷ྫ 4
    4 Team Topology, Ma.hew SkeltonɾManuel Pais, 2019
    ୈ 5 ճ Web System Architecture ݚڀձ (2019/09/28) | Takamura Narimichi (@nari_ex) 27
    

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28. team-sized architecture ͷݒ೦఺
    • ҎԼͷΑ͏ͳݒ೦͕ڍ͛ΒΕΔ
    • ೝ஌ෛՙͷ૝ఆ͕ࣄલʹ૝ఆ͠ʹ͍͘
    • ೝ஌ෛՙʹରͯ͠े෼ͳਓతϦιʔεͷڙڅ͕Ͱ͖ͳ͍৔߹
    ʹࠞཚ͕ൃੜ͢Δ
    ୈ 5 ճ Web System Architecture ݚڀձ (2019/09/28) | Takamura Narimichi (@nari_ex) 28
    

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29. ΤϯδχΞϦϯά૊৫ΞʔΩςΫνϟઃܭͷجຊࢥ૝
    • νʔϜΛ࠷খͷ୯Ґͱͯ͠ઃܭ͢Δ
    • υϝΠϯ΍αʔϏεͳͲɺϏδωεϩδοΫΛى఺ͱͨ͠ൣғ
    ΛνʔϜͷ੹೚ൣғͱҰகͤ͞Δ
    • ͜ΕʹΑΓػೳαΠϩΛආ͚Δ
    • ωοτϫʔΫ௨৴ͱಉ༷ʹ૊৫ؒͷίϛϡχέʔγϣϯܦ࿏ͷ
    ଳҬΛҙࣝ͢Δ
    ୈ 5 ճ Web System Architecture ݚڀձ (2019/09/28) | Takamura Narimichi (@nari_ex) 29
    

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30. ΤϯδχΞϦϯά૊৫ΞʔΩςΫνϟͷઃܭͷཁ఺
    νʔϜ୯ҐͰۀ຿Λߦ͏͜ͱΛલఏʹͨ͠৔߹ɺҎԼͷཁ఺͕૊৫ΞʔΩςΫνϟઃܭʹ໾ཱͭ
    1. ૊৫ʢਓͷ׆ಈʣͷڥքʢൣғʣΛ۩ମԽ͢Δ
    • 3ͭͷڥքΛઃܭ͢Δ
    • νʔϜͷڥքʢ੹೚ൣғʣ
    • υϝΠϯͷڥք
    • νʔϜؒɺݸਓؒͷڥքΛ۩ମԽ͢Δ
    2. ૊৫ؒͷ૬ޓ࡞༻ͷྲྀΕΛܾΊΔ͜ͱ
    • ૊৫ؒ͝ͱʹظ଴͢Δ૬ޓ࡞༻ͷγʔϯ΍ස౓Λఆٛ͢Δ
    ୈ 5 ճ Web System Architecture ݚڀձ (2019/09/28) | Takamura Narimichi (@nari_ex) 30
    

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31. ิ଍: ࣮ڥքͷௐ੔
    ֤ڥքͷ࣮ڥք͸ҎԼͷΑ͏ͳઃఆʹΑͬͯߦΘΕɺνʔϜɾݸਓͷ׆ಈʹ
    େ͖ͳӨڹΛ༩͑ΔͨΊɺߟྀʹ͍ΕΔͱΑ͍
    • ΦϑΟεϨΠΞ΢τ
    • σδλϧεϖʔε
    • νϟοτͷνϟϯωϧ
    • Wiki
    • ϒϩά
    ୈ 5 ճ Web System Architecture ݚڀձ (2019/09/28) | Takamura Narimichi (@nari_ex) 31
    

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32. ·ͱΊ
    • Ұൠతͳ૊৫ߏ଄ͱओཁͳιϑτ΢ΣΞ։ൃख๏ͷௐࠪΛ͠·
    ͨ͠
    • ૊৫ઃܭΛߦ͏ࡍʹॏཁͱͳΔجຊతͳࢥ૝ͱઃܭͷཁ఺Λ·
    ͱΊ·ͨ͠
    ୈ 5 ճ Web System Architecture ݚڀձ (2019/09/28) | Takamura Narimichi (@nari_ex) 32
    

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