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Early Gothic Art

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Avatar for nichsara nichsara
November 30, 2012
190
1

Early Gothic Art

Avatar for nichsara

nichsara

November 30, 2012

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Transcript

  1. !"#$%&'()*+,&-#)& !"#$%&'() *+,-.+#$.&/012345& & !#&'"() 114421544& /#012)3,+4%5) & 6"2)7"08.9:,&5";+.() 6()*+,.&)"789)#%.&8:;#(+<8#%.&#+;9.&

    6#(+=&>"?$).&;"##8$&>"?$).&7+8#& ;?@#899.&A%+=6&;?@#899.& 9,*($"9B,+9:.&C":;9.&98<89& 9"7+8=B"8.&98>8=&$+;8#"$&"#)9.&)#88& (D&E8998.&& <,&=8"&+)>%.+() !  /F/G.&H*8&G"%8?I&!:;#(+<8#%.& G"%8?I.&J#"=,8.&K(:"=89L?8.& 14M4214F4N& !  1O25.&-:;?$")(#%&"=<&K"<+"B=6& P*"78$9.&Q)N&R8=+9.&S"#+9.&J#"=,8.& '()*+,.&11/4211//N& !  1O2O.&T89)&J"U"<8.&P*"#)#89& P")*8<#"$.&'()*+,.&115/21VO4N& !  1O2F.&E":;9.&K(%"$&S(#)"$&T89)& J"U"<8.&P*"#)#89&P")*8<#"$.& '()*+,.&11/321133N& &

  2. K8:+=<8#9& •  W(?#&X:"68&"=<&H8I)&899"%&+9&<?8&HYXQ& H*?#9<"%&R8,N&V0)*&& •  H*8&Z="$&8I":&+9&H?89<"%&R8,8:;8#&11)*& F[44214[44&+=&Q)"#\&1VN&

  3. None
  4. None

  5. T+$$+":&)*8&P(=L?8#(#.& G"%8?I&!:;#(+<8#%.&J#"=,8.& 14M4214F4&]Q88&/F/G^N& T+$$+":&+=>"<89&!=6$"=<&+=&14OO&

  6. H*8&G"%8?I&!:;#(+<8#%.&J#"=,8.& 14M4214F4&]Q88&77N&/F/2/F3^N&

  7. None
  8. None

  9. J"U"<8.&-;;8%&P*?#,*&(D&Q)N&R8=+9.&J#"=,8.& 11/4211//&]Q88&1O2V&"=<&1O25^N& S$"=&

  10. Q)")?8&(D&Q)N&R8=+9.& _()#8&R":8&(D&S"#+9.&& J"U"<8.&-;;8%&P*?#,*&(D&Q)N&R8=+9.&J#"=,8.& 11/4211//&]Q88&1O2V&"=<&1O25^N&

  11. `R8$+6*)&+=&)*8&;8"?)%&(D&)*8&*(?98&(D& '(<a,"$$&*+:&"b"%&D#(:&8I)8#="$& ,"#89a<b8$$+=6&+=&9(:8&9)#"=68&#86+(=& (D&)*8&?=+>8#98&b*+,*&=8+)*8#&8I+9)9& 8=B#8$%&+=&)*8&9$+:8&(D&)*8&8"#)*&=(#& 8=B#8$%&+=&)*8&7?#+)%&(D&*8">8=a )#"=97(#)8<&D#(:&)*+9&+=D8#+(#&)(&)*")& *+6*8#&b(#$<Nc&& `T8&7#(D899&)*")&b8&:?9)&<(&*(:"68& )*#(?6*&)*8&(?)b"#<&(#=":8=)9&(D&

    9",#8<&>8998$9.&"=<&)(&=()*+=6&+=&)*8& b(#$<&+=&"=&8L?"$&<86#88&)(&)*8&98#>+,8& (D&)*8&Y($%&Q",#+Z,8.&b+)*&"$$&+==8#& 7?#+)%&"=<&b+)*&"$$&(?)b"#<&97$8=<(#Nc& -;;()&Q?68#.&E8998&T+=<(b.&Q)N& R8=+9.&,N&15)*&,8=)?#%&]Q88&1O2V& "=<&1O25^N&&

  12. G8#="#<&(D&P$"+#>"?I.&d778#&K*8+=.& ,N&1/34N& `e(=8%&+9&b(=&b+)*&9?,*&9f+$$&)*")&+)&:"%&;8& :?$B7$+8<N&&X)&+9&8I78=<8<&9(&)*")&+)&:"%&;8& +=,#8"98<.&"=<&7(?#+=6&+)&(?)&7#(<?,89& ";?=<"=,8N&&H*8&K8"9(=&+9&)*")&)*8&>8#%&9+6*)& (D&)*898&,(9)$%&;?)&b(=<8#D?$&+$$?9+(=9&+=A":89& )*8&:8=&:(#8&)(&6+>8&)*"=&)(&7#"%Nc& `H(&:8&g6($<8=&+:"689h&9(:8*(b&#87#898=)& )*8&"=,+8=)&#+)8&(D&)*8&E8b9a&i#&+9&+)&)*")&9+=,8&

    b8&*">8&;88=&:+=6$8<&b+)*&)*8&68=B$89.& 78#*"79&b8&*">8&"$9(&"<(7)8<&)*8+#&b"%9&"=<& 8>8=&98#>8&)*8+#&+<($9Nc& `i&>"=+)%&(D&>"=+B89.&;?)&=(&:(#8&>"+=&)*"=& +=9"=8j&&H*8&P*?#,*&+9&#"<+"=)&+=&+)9&b"$$9&"=<& <89B)?)8&+=&+)9&7((#N&&X)&<#89989&+)9&9)(=89&+=& 6($<&"=<&+)&";"=<(=9&+)9&,*+$<#8=&="f8<N&&X)& 98#>89&)*8&8%89&(D&)*8&#+,*&")&)*8&8I78=98&(D& )*8&7((#N&&H*8&,?#+(?9&Z=<&)*")&b*+,*&:"%& <8$+6*)&)*8:.&;?)&)*(98&+=&=88<&<(&=()&Z=<& )*")&b*+,*&9*(?$<&9?9)"+=&)*8:Nc&

  13. H(:;&(D&k?88=&-#=86?=<8.&")&Q)N&R8=+9.&S"#+9.& 3F42304&P!N&

  14. Q"#,(7*"6+.&-;;8%&P*?#,*&(D&Q)N&R8=+9.&J#"=,8.& 11/4211//N&

  15. Q"#,(7*"6?9&R8)"+$.&-;;8%&P*?#,*&(D&Q)N&R8=+9.& J#"=,8.&11/4211//N&

  16. Q"#,(7*"6+.&-;;8%&P*?#,*&(D&Q)N&R8=+9.&J#"=,8.& 11/4211//N&

  17. _">8.&-;;8%&P*?#,*&(D&Q)N&R8=+9.&J#"=,8.& 11/4211//&]Q88&1O2V&"=<&1O25^N& `-=<&b*")&(D&)*8&9?=l9&#"%9m&&n+6*)&,(:89&D#(:&)*8&6((<.&"=<&$+6*)&+9&"=& +:"68&(D&)*+9&"#,*8)%7"$&'((<N&&H*?9&)*8&'((<&+9&"$9(&;%&)*8&=":8& `n+6*).c&C?9)&"9&"=&"#,*8)%78&+9&#8"$&+=&+)9&+:"68N&&H*8&6((<=899&(D&)*8& )#"=9,8=<8=)&'(<&#8",*89&D#(:&)*8&*+6*89)&"=<&:(9)&78#D8,)&D(#:9&(D& ;8+=6&)(&)*8&>8#%&$(b89)N&&-=<&%8)&+)&#8:"+=9&";(>8&"=<&;8%(=<&)*8:&"$$.& 9?78#+(#&)(&)*8&*+6*89)&"=<&%8)&9)#8),*+=6&(?)&)(&)*8&$(b$+89)N&&X)&6+>89& $+6*)&)(&8>8#%)*+=6&,"7";$8&(D&#8,8+>+=6&+).&+)&,#8")89&)*8:.&f8879&)*8:& "$+>8.&7#898#>89&"=<&78#D8,)9&)*8:N&&!>8#%)*+=6&$((f9&)(&+)&D(#&:8"9?#8.&

    8)8#=+)%.&=?:;8#.&(#<8#N&&X)&+9&)*8&7(b8#.&b*+,*&8:;#",89&)*8&?=+>8#98N&& X)&+9&)*8&P"?98&(D&)*8&?=+>8#98&"=<&+)9&8=<Nc&oS98?<(&R+(=%9?9&&

  18. _">8.&-;;8%&P*?#,*&(D&Q)N&R8=+9.&J#"=,8.& 11/4211//N& `!$86"=)&"=<&7#"+98b(#)*%& 8I)8=9+(=&+=&g)*8&D(#:&(Dh&"& ,+#,?$"#&9)#+=6&(D&,*"78$9.&;%& >+#)?8&(D&b*+,*&)*8&b*($8& g,*?#,*h&b(?$<&9*+=8&b+)*&)*8& b(=<8#D?$&"=<&?=+=)8##?7)8<& $+6*)&(D&:(9)&9",#8<&b+=<(b9.& 78#>"<+=6&+=&)*8&+=)8#+(#&

    ;8"?)%Ncp-;;()&Q?68#&

  19. K(:"=89L?8&>9N&'()*+,&q"?$B=6& _">8.&-;;8%&P*?#,*&(D&Q)N&R8=+9.&J#"=,8.& 11/4211//&]Q88&1O2V&"=<&1O25^N&

  20. K(:"=89L?8&>9N&'()*+,&q"?$B=6& K+;9& q"?$)9&(D&)*8&":;?$")(#%&"=<&"79+<"$&,*"78$9.&";;8%& ,*?#,*N&&Q"+=)2R8=+9N&&11/4211//&]Q88&1O2V&"=<&1O25^N&&

  21. -:;?$")(#%&"=<&-798&P*"78$.&-;;8%& P*?#,*&(D&Q)N&R8=+9.&J#"=,8.&11/4211//& ]Q88&1O2V&"=<&1O25^N& H#"=987).&-;;8%&P*?#,*&(D&Q)N& R8=+9.&J#"=,8.&11/4211//&]Q88& 1O2V&"=<&1O25^N&

  22. -798&P*"78$.&-;;8%&P*?#,*&(D&Q)N&R8=+9.& J#"=,8.&11/4211//&]Q88&1O2V&"=<&1O25^N& H#88&(D&E8998.&-798&P*"78$.&-;;8%& P*?#,*&(D&Q)N&R8=+9.&J#"=,8.& 11/4211//&]Q88&1O2V&"=<&1O25^N&

  23. E8998& H#88&(D&E8998.&-798&P*"78$.&-;;8%&P*?#,*&(D&Q)N& R8=+9.&J#"=,8.&11/4211//&]Q88&1O2V&"=<&1O25^N&

  24. E8998& `H*8=&"&9*(()&b+$$&97#+=6&D#(:&)*8&9)8:& (D&E8998.&-=<&"&;#"=,*&D#(:&*+9&#(()9& b+$$&;8"#&D#?+)Nc&& ?.#%#4&11[1&& H#88&(D&E8998.&-798&P*"78$.&-;;8%&P*?#,*&(D&Q)N& R8=+9.&J#"=,8.&11/4211//&]Q88&1O2V&"=<&1O25^N&

  25. R">+<& H#88&(D&E8998.&-798&P*"78$.&-;;8%&P*?#,*&(D&Q)N& R8=+9.&J#"=,8.&11/4211//&]Q88&1O2V&"=<&1O25^N&

  26. r+=6& H#88&(D&E8998.&-798&P*"78$.&-;;8%&P*?#,*&(D&Q)N& R8=+9.&J#"=,8.&11/4211//&]Q88&1O2V&"=<&1O25^N&

  27. r+=6& H#88&(D&E8998.&-798&P*"78$.&-;;8%&P*?#,*&(D&Q)N& R8=+9.&J#"=,8.&11/4211//&]Q88&1O2V&"=<&1O25^N&

  28. q+#6+=& H#88&(D&E8998.&-798&P*"78$.&-;;8%&P*?#,*&(D&Q)N& R8=+9.&J#"=,8.&11/4211//&]Q88&1O2V&"=<&1O25^N&

  29. P*#+9)& H#88&(D&E8998.&-798&P*"78$.&-;;8%&P*?#,*&(D&Q)N& R8=+9.&J#"=,8.&11/4211//&]Q88&1O2V&"=<&1O25^N& H*8&="B(=9&b+$$&#89(#)&)(&)*8&#(()&(D&E8998.& T*(&b+$$&9)"=<&"9&"&9+6="$&D(#&)*8&78(7$89s& -=<&Y+9&#89B=6&7$",8&b+$$&;8&6$(#+(?9N&&

  30. P*#+9)& R(>89&t&& '+u9&(D&)*8&Y($%&Q7+#+)& H*8&Q7+#+)&(D&)*8&niKR&b+$$&#89)&(=&Y+:.& H*8&97+#+)&(D&b+9<(:&"=<&?=<8#9)"=<+=6.& H*8&97+#+)&(D&,(?=98$&"=<&9)#8=6)*.& H*8&97+#+)&(D&f=(b$8<68&"=<&)*8&D8"#&(D&)*8&niKRN&& H#88&(D&E8998.&-798&P*"78$.&-;;8%&P*?#,*&(D&Q)N& R8=+9.&J#"=,8.&11/4211//&]Q88&1O2V&"=<&1O25^N&

  31. -:;?$")(#%&"=<&-798&P*"78$.&-;;8%& P*?#,*&(D&Q)N&R8=+9.&J#"=,8.&11/4211//& ]Q88&1O2V&"=<&1O25^N& H#"=987).&-;;8%&P*?#,*&(D&Q)N& R8=+9.&J#"=,8.&11/4211//&]Q88& 1O2V&"=<&1O25^N&

  32. K(98.&H#"=987).&-;;8%&P*?#,*&(D&Q)N&R8=+9.& J#"=,8.&11/4211//&]Q88&1O2V&"=<&1O25^N&

  33. None

  34. E8998& P*#+9)& K(98.&H#"=987).&-;;8%&P*?#,*&(D&Q)N&R8=+9.& J#"=,8.&11/4211//&]Q88&1O2V&"=<&1O25^N&

  35. Q"#,(7*"6+.&-;;8%&P*?#,*&(D&Q)N&R8=+9.&J#"=,8.& 11/4211//&]Q88&1O2V&"=<&1O25^N&

  36. None

  37. 1O23.&P")*8<#"$&(D&_()#8&R":8&<8&S"#+9.& J#"=,8.&11M321V44N&& _()#8&R":8&t&`i?#&n"<%c&])*8&q+#6+=&e"#%^&o& @11)54=054".)$"$%5#+"$)+,)<#02)4#A")+4%.) &#8"B) J$%+=6&G?@#89989&

  38. J$%+=6&G?@#89989.&P")*8<#"$&(D&_()#8&R":8& <8&S"#+9.&11M321V44&]Q88&1O23^N&&

  39. J$%+=6&G?@#89989.&P")*8<#"$& (D&_()#8&R":8&<8&S"#+9.& 11M321V44&]Q88&1O23^N&& S+8#&G?@#89989.&P")*8<#"$&(D&_()#8& R":8&<8&S"#+9.&11M321V44&]Q88& 1O23^N&&

  40. None

  41. 1O2O.&T89)&J"U"<8.&P*"#)#89& P")*8<#"$.&11/4211//N& P*"#)#89&P")*8<#"$.&J#"=,8.&11/4211//.& 110/21VV4&]Q88&76N&/00^N&

  42. 1O2M.&K(%"$&S(#)"$.&T89)&J"U"<8.&P*"#)#89& P")*8<#"$.&,N&11/321133N&

  43. P8=)#"$&H%:7"=?:.&K(%"$&S(#)"$.&T89)&J"U"<8.& P*"#)#89&P")*8<#"$.&,N&11/321133&]Q88&1O2M^N&

  44. P*"#)#89& ]'()*+,^& e(+99",& ]K(:"=89L?8^&

  45. K(%"$&S(#)"$.&T89)&J"U"<8.&P*"#)#89&P")*8<#"$.& ,N&11/321133N&

  46. K+6*)&H%:7"=?:.&K(%"$&S(#)"$.&T89)&J"U"<8.& P*"#)#89&P")*8<#"$.&,N&11/321133&]Q88&1O2M^N& _"B>+)%& S#898=)"B(=&")&)*8&H8:7$8& Q8<8&Q"7+8=B"8&t&H*#(=8&(D&T+9<(:&

  47. P8=)#"$&H%:7"=?:.&K(%"$&S(#)"$.&T89)&J"U"<8.& P*"#)#89&P")*8<#"$.&,N&11/321133&]Q88&1O2M^N& Q8>8=&n+;8#"$&-#)9&

  48. K*8)(#+,& '#"::"#& e?9+,& K+6*)&H%:7"=?:.&K(%"$&S(#)"$.&T89)&J"U"<8.& P*"#)#89&P")*8<#"$.&,N&11/321133&]Q88&1O2M^N&

  49. -#+9)()$8& S%)*"6(#"9& K+6*)&H%:7"=?:.&K(%"$&S(#)"$.&T89)&J"U"<8.& P*"#)#89&P")*8<#"$.&,N&11/321133&]Q88&1O2M^N& Q,*($"9B,+9:&t&)*8&9%=)*89+9&(D&,$"99+,"$&7*+$(9(7*%&"=<& P*#+9B"=&)*8($(6%&

  50. 1O2M.&K(%"$&S(#)"$.&T89)&J"U"<8.&P*"#)#89& P")*8<#"$.&,N&11/321133N&

  51. n8u&H%:7"=?:.&K(%"$&S(#)"$.&T89)&J"U"<8.& P*"#)#89&P")*8<#"$.&,N&11/321133&]Q88&1O2M^N& -9,8=9+(=&

  52. 1O2M.&K(%"$&S(#)"$.&T89)&J"U"<8.&P*"#)#89& P")*8<#"$.&,N&11/321133N&

  53. 1O2F.&i$<&H89)":8=)&r+=69&"=<&k?88=9.&K(%"$&S(#)"$.& T89)&J"U"<8.&P*"#)#89&P")*8<#"$.&,N&11/321133N&

  54. 1O2M.&T89)&J"U"<8.&P*"#)#89& P")*8<#"$.&J#"=,8.&11/4211/3N& q+#6+=&"=<&P*+$<&"=<&"=68$9&]C,+0")D#8")$") 1#)E"11")F"00%G0"^N&&T+=<(b&")&P*"#)#89& P")*8<#"$.&,N11M4N&&& C,+0")D#8")$")1#)E"11")F"00%G0")H)I=0)>#$2),J) +4")E"#=KJ=1)L%&$,M&

  55. q+#6+=&"=<&P*+$<&"=<&"=68$9&]C,+0")D#8")$")1#) E"11")F"00%G0"^.&&T+=<(b&")&P*"#)#89& P")*8<#"$.&,N11M4N&&&

  56. q+#6+=&"=<&P*+$<&"=<&"=68$9&]C,+0")D#8")$")1#) E"11")F"00%G0"^.&&T+=<(b&")&P*"#)#89& P")*8<#"$.&,N11M4N&&&

  57. q+#6+=&"=<&P*+$<&"=<&"=68$9&]C,+0")D#8")$")1#) E"11")F"00%G0"^.&&T+=<(b&")&P*"#)#89& P")*8<#"$.&,N11M4N&&&

  58. P#+B,"$&H*+=f+=6&k?89B(=9& 1N  G()*&'()*+,&"=<&K(:"=89L?8&"#)&8>(f8&"=&8:(B(="$& #897(=98&D#(:&)*8&>+8b8#N&&Y(b&+9&)*")&#897(=98& <+v8#8=)m&&Y(b&+9&+)&",*+8>8<&<+v8#8=)$%m& VN  T*")&"#8&9(:8&(D&)*8&f8%&<+v8#8=,89&;8)b88=& K(:"=89L?8&"=<&'()*+,&,*?#,*89m&&&T*")&"<"7)"B(=9& <+<&'()*+,&"#,*+)8,)9&*">8&)(&:"f8&)(&",,(::(<")8& )*(98&<+v8#8=,89m&

    5N  T*")&+9&)*8&<8;")8&;8)b88=&G8#="#<&(D&P$"+#>"?I&"=<& -;;()&Q?68#m&&Y(b&<(89&+:7",)&*(b&,*?#,*89&"#8&;?+$)& "=<&<8,(#")8<m& /N  Y(b&+9&)*8&?98&(D&9)"+=8<&6$"99&#8$")8<&)(&)*8&?98&(D& 6($<8=&:(9"+,9&+=&n")8&-=BL?8&"=<&G%\"=B=8& P*?#,*89m&