Androidアプリを作る 第7回

Transcript

1. "OESPJEΞϓϦΛ࡞Δ
   
   ,.$OPOZMFOF
   'SBHNFOUɾωοτϫʔΫ
   

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2. ࣗݾ঺հ
   w OPOZMFOF ͷʹΕΜ
   
   w ,.$ճ
   w ΧʔϏΟͰ͢
   w ΏΔΏΓ#%ങͬͨ
   w SPPU
   

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3. ࣗݾ঺հ
   w OPOZMFOF ͷʹΕΜ
   
   w εϚϗΞϓϦͱ͔
   w 5XJUUFS(JU)VCFUD
   w IUUQOPOZMFOFIBUFOBCMPHKQ
   

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4. ͜Μ͹Μ͸
   

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5. ࠓ೔΍Δ͜ͱ
   'SBHNFOU ֓ཁͷΈ
   
   ωοτϫʔΫ
   w4MBDLʹ౤ߘ
   

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6. 'SBHNFOU
   

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7. 'SBHNFOU
   • Activity ʹදࣔ͢Δը໘Ϣχοτʢޙड़ʣ
   • ը໘Λ Activity ؒͰ࢖͍·Θ͢
   • λϒͰෳ਺ͷը໘Λදࣔͱ͔ʹΑ͘࢖͏
   • ʮαϒΞΫςΟϏςΟͷΑ͏ͳ΋ͷʯ
   https://developer.android.com/guide/components/fragments.html
   

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8. "DUJWJUZͱ'SBHNFOU
   

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9. ಉ͡"DUJWJUZ
   

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10. 'SBHNFOUʢଟ෼ʣ
    

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11. "DUJWJUZ
    

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12. 'SBHNFOU
    

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13. ಉ͡"DUJWJUZ
    

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14. ߲໨Λ੾Γସ͑

    ˠ'SBHNFOUΛ੾Γସ͑
    ͨͿΜ
    
    

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15. 'SBHNFOU
    7JFX
    "DUJWJUZ
    ؅ཧ
    දࣔɾ؅ཧ
    දࣔɾ؅ཧ
    ※ Fragment ࣗମ͸ ViewGroup ͷதʹ͋Δ
    

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16. 'SBHNFOUͷϝϦοτ
    w ಉ͡ը໘ϢχοτΛෳ਺ͷ"DUJWJUZͰڞ༗
    w λϒ͝ͱʹ'SBHNFOUͱͯ͠ಠཱͰ͖Δ
    w "DUJWJUZͱಉ༷ͷϥΠϑαΠΫϧ͕͋Δ

    w "DUJWJUZͷॲཧΛ෼ׂͰ͖Δ
    

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17. ࢖͍ͬͯ͘
    w 'SBHNFOU͸"DUJWJUZΑΓ΋গ͠ෳࡶ
    w ࠓ͸ʮ࢖Θͳ͚Ε͹ͳΒͳ͍࣌ʹ࢖͏ʯఔ౓Ͱ
    w ྫλϒΛ࢖͍͍ͨͱ͖
    ը໘Λڞ௨Խ͍͚ͨͩ͠ͳΒಉ͡ Activity Λ࢖͑͹͍͍͚ͩ
    

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18. ࢖༻্ͷ஫ҙ
    w 4VQQPSU-JCSBSZͷ'SBHNFOUΛ࢖͏
    w "OESPJE4%,ʹ΋ଘࡏ͢Δ͕ɺݹ͍όʔδϣϯͩͱ࣮૷
    ҧ͏ͷͰͭΒ͍
    • android.app.Fragment
    w 4VQQPSU-JCSBSZ൛͸࠷৽Ͱ࣮૷͕ಉ͡Ͱྑ͍
    w ϥΠϒϥϦͱͯ͠ΞϓϦʹಉࠝ͢Δ͔Β
    • android.support.v4.app.Fragment
    http://stackoverflow.com/questions/17295497/fragment-or-support-fragment
    

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19. ίʔυྫʢܰ͘ʣ
    * ExampleFragment.java
    // android.support.v4.app.Fragment Λ༻͍Δ
    public class ExampleFragment extends Fragment {
    // View Λ࡞ͬͯฦ͢
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater,
    ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    // R.layout.fragment_example Λ View ʹ͢Δ
    return inflater.inflate(
    R.layout.fragment_example,
    container,
    false
    );
    }
    }
    

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20. * Main2Activity.java
    public class Main2Activity extends AppCompatActivity {
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main2);
    // SupportFragmentManager Λ༻͍Δ͜ͱ
    FragmentTransaction fragmentTransaction = 

    getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction();

    // ࢦఆͷ View Λ Fragment ͱஔ͖׵͑Δ
    fragmentTransaction.replace(

    R.id.base_view,

    new ExampleFragment());

    fragmentTransaction.commit();
    }
    }
    

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21. ωοτϫʔΫ
    

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22. ݖݶ
    

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23. ݖݶ
    w "OESPJE্Ͱಛఆͷ͜ͱΛߦ͏ͨΊʹඞཁ
    w ϓϥΠόγʔܥʹଟ͍
    w ࿈བྷઌɾωοτϫʔΫɾϑΝΠϧฤूFUDʜ

    w "OESPJE.BOJGFTUʹهड़͢Δ
    

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24. ݖݶ
    w 1MBZ4UPSFͰೖΕΔ࣌ʹ
    ฉ͔ΕΔ
    w "OESPJE͔Β͸Ұ෦͕
    ϢʔβʔͷڐՄ੍ʹ
    

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25. ωοτϫʔΫݖݶ
    w ϢʔβʔͷڐՄ͸ඞཁͳ͍
    w Πϯετʔϧ࣌ʹදࣔ͞ΕΔ͚ͩ
    

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26. ωοτϫʔΫݖݶ
    w "OESPJE.BOJGFTUYNMʹ࢖༻͢ΔࢫΛهड़
    
    android:name=“android.permission.INTERNET"

    />
    …
    
    
    

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27. εϨου
    

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28. εϨου
    w $16ར༻ͷ୯Ґ
    w ಉ࣌ʹෳ਺ͷεϨουΛ࣮ߦͰ͖Δ
    εϨου ˠ࣌ؒˠ
    ॲཧ" ॲཧ# ॲཧ"
    εϨου ˠ࣌ؒˠ
    ॲཧ"
    ॲཧ#
    γϯάϧεϨου ϚϧνεϨου
    

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29. "OESPJEͰͷεϨου
    w ϝΠϯεϨουʢ6*εϨουʣ
    w ීஈ࢖͍ͬͯΔͷ͸ϝΠϯεϨου
    w 6*Λߋ৽Ͱ͖Δ
    w 7JFXɾ5PBTUɾ"DUJWJUZFUD
    w ϓϩηεʹ͖ͭҰͭ
    εϨου ˠ࣌ؒˠ
    NBJO ॲཧ" ॲཧ# ॲཧ"
    

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30. "OESPJEͰͷεϨου
    w ϫʔΧʔ 8PSLFS
    εϨου
    w όοΫάϥ΢ϯυʢඇಉظʣ
    w 6*Λߋ৽Ͱ͖ͳ͍
    w ෳ਺࡞੒Մೳ
    εϨου ˠ࣌ؒˠ
    NBJO ॲཧɾදࣔ
    XPSLFS ॲཧ#
    XPSLFS ॲཧ$
    

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31. "OESPJEͰͷεϨου
    w ωοτϫʔΫ͸6*εϨουͰߦΘͳ͍
    w "OESPJEҎ্Ͱ͸Τϥʔ
    w େ఍͕͔͔࣌ؒΔ͔Β
    w ϝΠϯεϨουͰ΍Δͱը໘͕ݻ·ͬͯ͠·͏
    w ωοτϫʔΫ଴ͪͰ6*ͷߋ৽͕Ͱ͖ͳ͍
    

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32. Πϕϯτ $MJDL
    εϨου ˠ࣌ؒˠ
    NBJO ॲཧɾߋ৽ ωοτϫʔΫॲཧ ॲཧɾߋ৽
    UI ͷߋ৽଴͕ͪൃੜ
    ϝΠϯεϨου࢖༻
    

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33. Πϕϯτ ˠ࣌ؒˠ Click !
    εϨου ˠ࣌ؒˠ
    NBJO ॲཧɾߋ৽ ॲཧɾߋ৽ ॲཧɾߋ৽
    XPSLFS ωοτϫʔΫॲཧ
    UI ͷߋ৽଴͕ͪൃੜ͠ͳ͍
    ϫʔΧʔεϨου࢖༻
    

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34. ৽εϨουΛཱͯΔ
    new Thread(
    // Runnable ͷ run ͕৽εϨουͰݺ͹ΕΔ
    new Runnable() {
    @Override
    public void run() {
    // ͜͜ʹ࣮ߦ಺༰Λهड़
    }
    }
    // start Ͱ৽εϨουɺ run ͩͱಉ͡εϨου(!!)
    ).start();
    

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35. ϝΠϯεϨουͰॲཧΛ͢Δ
    // ϝΠϯεϨου (Looper.getMainLooper()) ʹ
    // ϝοηʔδΛ఻͑Δ܅Λऔಘ
    Handler handler = new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper());
    // Runnable ΛૹΔ -> ϝΠϯεϨουͰ run ͕ݺ͹ΕΔ
    handler.post(
    new Runnable() {
    @Override
    public void run() {
    // ͜͜ʹ࣮ߦ͢Δ಺༰Λهड़
    // ྫ textView.setText(“hogehoge”);
    }
    }
    );
    

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36. ωοτϫʔΫܥ

    ϥΠϒϥϦ
    

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37. "OESPJEͰωοτϫʔΫ
    w ϥΠϒϥϦແ͠ͷ৔߹
    "TZOD5BTL͔"TZOD5BTL-PBEFSΛ࡞੒
    w ผεϨουΛཱͯͯ΍ͬͯ͘ΕΔ܅
    ίʔϧόοΫΛ࡞੒
    wϝΠϯεϨουͰը໘ߋ৽
    όοΫάϥ΢ϯυͰωοτϫʔΫʹΞΫηε
    w%FGBVMU)UUQ$MJFOUΛ࢖͏
    

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38. ϥΠϒϥϦ࢖͍·͢
    w ϥΠϒϥϦ࢖Θͳ͍ωοτϫʔΫ͸৭ʑ໘౗
    w ʢ͜͜ʹ༷ʑͳ۪ஒʣ
    

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39. ωοτϫʔΫܥϥΠϒϥϦ
    w 0L)UUQ
    w 4RVBSF͕ࣾެ։͍ͯ͠ΔϥΠϒϥϦ
    w 3FUSPpU
    w 4RVBSF͕ࣾެ։͍ͯ͠Δ
    w 1JDBTTP
    w 4RVBSF͕ࣾެ։
    

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40. ωοτϫʔΫܥϥΠϒϥϦ
    w 0L)UUQ
    w ωοτϫʔΫͷجຊతͳ෦෼
    w )551ʹ΋ରԠ
    w "OESPJE಺෦Ͱ΋࢖ΘΕ͍ͯΔ
    

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41. ωοτϫʔΫܥϥΠϒϥϦ
    w 3FUSPpU
    w +TPOΛ࢖͏"1*ʹΞΫηε͢Δͷʹศར
    w ࣗಈͰ+40/Λઐ༻Ϋϥεʹม׵ͯ͘͠ΕͨΓ
    w 1JDBTTP
    w ը૾Λऔͬͯ͘Δͷʹศར
    w *NBHF7JFXʹදࣔͨ͠ΓΩϟογϡͨ͠Γ
    

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42. 0L)UUQ

    ͰΞΫηε
    

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43. 0L)UUQ
    w ࠓճ͸0L)UUQΛ࢖͏
    w γϯϓϧͳͷͰ
    w app/build.gradle ͰϥΠϒϥϦΛ௥Ճ
    w ϓϩδΣΫττοϓʹ͋ΔํͰ͸ͳ͍ʢ஫ҙʣ
    w BQQͷ಺෦Ͱ࢖͏ͷͰapp/build.gradle
    

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44. 0L)UUQ
    * app/build.gradle
    dependencies {
    compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
    compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:24.2.1'
    testCompile ‘junit:junit:4.12'
    compile ‘com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:3.5.0'
    }
    groupId(άϧʔϓ໊):artifactId(ϥΠϒϥϦ໊):version ͱͳ͍ͬͯΔ
    

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45. 0L)UUQ
    w هड़ޙʹ

    (SBEMF4ZODΛߦ͏
    w *%&ʹೝࣝͤ͞ΔͨΊ
    

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46. 0L)UUQͷྲྀΕ
    w ϦΫΤετ Request
    Λ࡞੒
    w 63-΍ϔομʔͦͷଞΛઃఆ
    w ίʔϧόοΫ Callback
    Λ࡞੒
    w ωοτϫʔΫ׬ྃޙʹݺ͹ΕΔ
    w OkHttpClientͰඇಉظϦΫΤετ
    

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47. ϦΫΤετ࡞੒
    * MainActivity.java
    public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    …
    public void sendRequest() {
    Request kmcRequest = new Request.Builder()
    .url("https://www.kmc.gr.jp")
    .build();
    }
    }
    KMC ͷτοϓϖʔδʹΞΫηε͢ΔϦΫΤετ
    

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48. * MainActivity.java
    public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    …
    public void sendRequest() {
    Request kmcRequest = …;
    Callback callback = new Callback() {
    @Override
    public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) {
    // do nothing
    }
    @Override
    public void onResponse(Call call, final Response response)
    throws IOException {
    …
    }
    };
    }
    }
    ίʔϧόοΫ࡞੒
    ੒ޭ -> onResponse, ࣦഊ -> onFailure
    

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49. * MainActivity.java: onResponse
    @Override
    public void onResponse(Call call, final Response
    response) throws IOException {
    final String body = response.body().string();
    new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper()).post(
    new Runnable() {
    @Override
    public void run() {
    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,

    body, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
    }
    }
    );
    }
    response ͔Β body Λऔಘͯ͠ String ʹ
    

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50. * MainActivity.java: onResponse
    @Override
    public void onResponse(Call call, final Response
    response) throws IOException {
    final String body = response.body().string();
    new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper()).post(
    new Runnable() {
    @Override
    public void run() {
    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,

    body, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
    }
    }
    );
    }
    ϝΠϯεϨουͰ࣮ߦ
    

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51. * MainActivity.java: onResponse
    @Override
    public void onResponse(Call call, final Response
    response) throws IOException {
    final String body = response.body().string();
    new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper()).post(
    new Runnable() {
    @Override
    public void run() {
    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,

    body, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
    }
    }
    );
    }
    औಘͨ͠಺༰Λ Toast Ͱग़͢
    

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52. 0L)UUQͰϦΫΤετ
    * MainActivity.java
    public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    …
    public void sendRequest() {
    Request kmcRequest = …;
    Callback callback = …;
    OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
    client.newCall(kmcRequest)
    .enqueue(callback);
    }
    }
    OkHttpClient Λ࡞੒
    

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53. 0L)UUQͰϦΫΤετ
    * MainActivity.java
    public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    …
    public void sendRequest() {
    Request kmcRequest = …;
    Callback callback = …;
    OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
    client.newCall(kmcRequest)
    .enqueue(callback);
    }
    }
    ϦΫΤετΛ enqueue ʢඇಉظ࣮ߦʣ
    

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54. ΫϦοΫͯ͠ϦΫΤετ
    * MainActivity.java : onCreate
    submitButton.setOnClickListener(
    new View.OnClickListener() {
    ɹ@Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
    sendRequest();
    ɹ}
    }
    );
    

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55. ϦΫΤετͯ͠ΈΔ
    

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56. 4MBDLʹ౤ߘ
    

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57. 4MBDL౤ߘͷྲྀΕ
    w 5PLFOΛ࡞੒ʢલճͷεϥΠυʣ
    w 5PLFOΛൿີͷ৔ॴʹอଘ
    w Request࡞੒
    w ౤ߘ
    

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58. 4MBDL5PLFOอଘ
    

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59. 5PLFOอଘ
    w 5PLFO͸ൿີʹ͠·͠ΐ͏
    w 4MBDL͔Β࿈བྷ͘Δ
    w (JUϨϙδτϦʹ௥Ճ͠ͳ͍Α͏ʹ͢Δ
    

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60. 5PLFOอଘखஈ
    "ൿີͷϦιʔεϑΝΠϧΛ࡞ͬͯอଘ
    w ࠓճ͸ private.xml
    w .gitignoreʹ௥Ճ
    w ͦ͜ʹ5PLFOΛอଘ
    #Ϣʔβʔʹೖྗͤ͞Δ
    w SharedPreferencesʹอଘ
    

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61. ϓϥΠϕʔτͳTUSJOHT
    w SFTWBMVFTΛӈΫϦοΫ
    w /FXWBMVFTSFTPVSDFpMF
    

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62. ϓϥΠϕʔτͳTUSJOHT
    w QSJWBUFYNMΛ࡞੒
    

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63. ϓϥΠϕʔτͳTUSJOHT
    w HJUJHOPSFʹprivate.xmlΛ௥Ճ
    w ϓϩδΣΫτ௚Լͷ(JU*HOPSFͰ0,

    

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64. ϓϥΠϕʔτͳTUSJOHT
    w QSJWBUFYNMʹUPLFOΛઃఆ
    * Private.xml
    
    
    xoxp-hogehoge
    
    

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65. 3FRVFTU࡞੒
    

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66. 4MBDL౤ߘ"1*
    w IUUQTTMBDLDPNBQJDIBUQPTU.FTTBHF
    w IUUQTBQJTMBDLDPNNFUIPETDIBUQPTU.FTTBHF
    w tokenͱtextͱchannelΛઃఆͯ͠౤ߘ
    

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67. 3FRVFTU࡞੒
    RequestBody࡞੒
    w ࠓճ͸x-www-form-urlencodedܗࣜͰૹ৴
    Request࡞੒
    w ࡞੒ͨ͠RequestBodyΛૹ৴͢ΔΑ͏ʹ͢Δ
    

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68. 3FRVFTU#PEZ࡞੒
    * MainActivitiy.java
    public void sendRequest() {
    RequestBody formBody = new FormBody.Builder()
    .add("token", getString(R.string.token))
    .add("channel", “#android-project")
    .add("text", “͜Μʹͪ͸͜Μʹͪ͸")
    .build();
    }
    ૹ৴͢Δσʔλ
    

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69. * MainActivitiy.java
    public void sendRequest() {
    RequestBody formBody = new FormBody.Builder()
    .add("token", getString(R.string.token))
    .add("channel", “#android-project")
    .add("text", “͜Μʹͪ͸͜Μʹͪ͸")
    .build();
    }
    3FRVFTU#PEZ࡞੒
    ઃఆͨ͠ Token
    

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70. * MainActivitiy.java
    public void sendRequest() {
    RequestBody formBody = new FormBody.Builder()
    .add("token", getString(R.string.token))
    .add("channel", “#android-project")
    .add("text", “͜Μʹͪ͸͜Μʹͪ͸")
    .build();
    }
    3FRVFTU#PEZ࡞੒
    νϟϯωϧɾςΩετ
    

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71. 3FRVFTU࡞੒
    * MainActivitiy.java
    public void sendRequest() {
    RequestBody formBody = …;
    Request slackRequest = new Request.Builder()
    .url(“https://slack.com/api/chat.postMessage")
    .post(formBody)
    .build();
    }
    formBody Λ POST
    

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72. ౤ߘ੒ޭ
    

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