Androidアプリを作る第7回

"OESPJEΞϓϦΛ࡞Δ ,.$OPOZMFOF 'SBHNFOUɾωοτϫʔΫ

ࣗݾ঺հ w OPOZMFOF ͷʹΕΜ w ,.$ճ w ΧʔϏΟͰ͢ w
ΏΔΏΓ#%ങͬͨ w SPPU

ࣗݾ঺հ w OPOZMFOF ͷʹΕΜ w εϚϗΞϓϦͱ͔ w 5XJUUFS(JU)VCFUD w
IUUQOPOZMFOFIBUFOBCMPHKQ

͜Μ͹Μ͸

ࠓ೔΍Δ͜ͱ 'SBHNFOU ֓ཁͷΈ ωοτϫʔΫ w4MBDLʹ౤ߘ

'SBHNFOU

'SBHNFOU • Activity ʹදࣔ͢Δը໘Ϣχοτʢޙड़ʣ • ը໘Λ Activity ؒͰ࢖͍·Θ͢ • λϒͰෳ਺ͷը໘Λදࣔͱ͔ʹΑ͘࢖͏
• ʮαϒΞΫςΟϏςΟͷΑ͏ͳ΋ͷʯ https://developer.android.com/guide/components/fragments.html

"DUJWJUZͱ'SBHNFOU

ಉ͡"DUJWJUZ

'SBHNFOUʢଟ෼ʣ

"DUJWJUZ

'SBHNFOU

ಉ͡"DUJWJUZ

߲໨Λ੾Γସ͑  ˠ'SBHNFOUΛ੾Γସ͑ ͨͿΜ

'SBHNFOU 7JFX "DUJWJUZ ؅ཧ දࣔɾ؅ཧ දࣔɾ؅ཧ ※ Fragment ࣗମ͸ ViewGroup
ͷதʹ͋Δ

'SBHNFOUͷϝϦοτ w ಉ͡ը໘ϢχοτΛෳ਺ͷ"DUJWJUZͰڞ༗ w λϒ͝ͱʹ'SBHNFOUͱͯ͠ಠཱͰ͖Δ w "DUJWJUZͱಉ༷ͷϥΠϑαΠΫϧ͕͋Δ  w "DUJWJUZͷॲཧΛ෼ׂͰ͖Δ

࢖͍ͬͯ͘ w 'SBHNFOU͸"DUJWJUZΑΓ΋গ͠ෳࡶ w ࠓ͸ʮ࢖Θͳ͚Ε͹ͳΒͳ͍࣌ʹ࢖͏ʯఔ౓Ͱ w ྫλϒΛ࢖͍͍ͨͱ͖ ը໘Λڞ௨Խ͍͚ͨͩ͠ͳΒಉ͡ Activity Λ࢖͑͹͍͍͚ͩ

࢖༻্ͷ஫ҙ w 4VQQPSU-JCSBSZͷ'SBHNFOUΛ࢖͏ w "OESPJE4%,ʹ΋ଘࡏ͢Δ͕ɺݹ͍όʔδϣϯͩͱ࣮૷ ҧ͏ͷͰͭΒ͍ • android.app.Fragment w 4VQQPSU-JCSBSZ൛͸࠷৽Ͱ࣮૷͕ಉ͡Ͱྑ͍
w ϥΠϒϥϦͱͯ͠ΞϓϦʹಉࠝ͢Δ͔Β • android.support.v4.app.Fragment http://stackoverﬂow.com/questions/17295497/fragment-or-support-fragment

ίʔυྫʢܰ͘ʣ * ExampleFragment.java // android.support.v4.app.Fragment Λ༻͍Δ public class ExampleFragment extends
Fragment { // View Λ࡞ͬͯฦ͢ @Override public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) { // R.layout.fragment_example Λ View ʹ͢Δ return inflater.inflate( R.layout.fragment_example, container, false ); } }

* Main2Activity.java public class Main2Activity extends AppCompatActivity { @Override protected
void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main2); // SupportFragmentManager Λ༻͍Δ͜ͱ FragmentTransaction fragmentTransaction =   getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction();  // ࢦఆͷ View Λ Fragment ͱஔ͖׵͑Δ fragmentTransaction.replace(  R.id.base_view,  new ExampleFragment());  fragmentTransaction.commit(); } }

ωοτϫʔΫ

ݖݶ w "OESPJE্Ͱಛఆͷ͜ͱΛߦ͏ͨΊʹඞཁ w ϓϥΠόγʔܥʹଟ͍ w ࿈བྷઌɾωοτϫʔΫɾϑΝΠϧฤूFUDʜ  w "OESPJE.BOJGFTUʹهड़͢Δ

ݖݶ w 1MBZ4UPSFͰೖΕΔ࣌ʹ ฉ͔ΕΔ w "OESPJE͔Β͸Ұ෦͕ ϢʔβʔͷڐՄ੍ʹ

ωοτϫʔΫݖݶ w ϢʔβʔͷڐՄ͸ඞཁͳ͍ w Πϯετʔϧ࣌ʹදࣔ͞ΕΔ͚ͩ

ωοτϫʔΫݖݶ w "OESPJE.BOJGFTUYNMʹ࢖༻͢ΔࢫΛهड़ <manifest …> <uses-permission  android:name=“android.permission.INTERNET"  /> <application …
</application> </manifest>

εϨου

εϨου w $16ར༻ͷ୯Ґ w ಉ࣌ʹෳ਺ͷεϨουΛ࣮ߦͰ͖Δ εϨου ˠ࣌ؒˠ ॲཧ" ॲཧ#
ॲཧ" εϨου ˠ࣌ؒˠ ॲཧ" ॲཧ# γϯάϧεϨου ϚϧνεϨου

"OESPJEͰͷεϨου w ϝΠϯεϨουʢ6*εϨουʣ w ීஈ࢖͍ͬͯΔͷ͸ϝΠϯεϨου w 6*Λߋ৽Ͱ͖Δ w 7JFXɾ5PBTUɾ"DUJWJUZFUD w
ϓϩηεʹ͖ͭҰͭ εϨου ˠ࣌ؒˠ NBJO ॲཧ" ॲཧ# ॲཧ"

"OESPJEͰͷεϨου w ϫʔΧʔ 8PSLFS εϨου w όοΫάϥ΢ϯυʢඇಉظʣ w 6*Λߋ৽Ͱ͖ͳ͍ w
ෳ਺࡞੒Մೳ εϨου ˠ࣌ؒˠ NBJO ॲཧɾදࣔ XPSLFS ॲཧ# XPSLFS ॲཧ$

"OESPJEͰͷεϨου w ωοτϫʔΫ͸6*εϨουͰߦΘͳ͍ w "OESPJEҎ্Ͱ͸Τϥʔ w େ఍͕͔͔࣌ؒΔ͔Β w ϝΠϯεϨουͰ΍Δͱը໘͕ݻ·ͬͯ͠·͏ w
ωοτϫʔΫ଴ͪͰ6*ͷߋ৽͕Ͱ͖ͳ͍

Πϕϯτ $MJDL εϨου ˠ࣌ؒˠ NBJO ॲཧɾߋ৽ ωοτϫʔΫॲཧ ॲཧɾߋ৽ UI ͷߋ৽଴͕ͪൃੜ
ϝΠϯεϨου࢖༻

Πϕϯτ ˠ࣌ؒˠ Click ! εϨου ˠ࣌ؒˠ NBJO ॲཧɾߋ৽ ॲཧɾߋ৽ ॲཧɾߋ৽
XPSLFS ωοτϫʔΫॲཧ UI ͷߋ৽଴͕ͪൃੜ͠ͳ͍ ϫʔΧʔεϨου࢖༻

৽εϨουΛཱͯΔ new Thread( // Runnable ͷ run ͕৽εϨουͰݺ͹ΕΔ new Runnable()
{ @Override public void run() { // ͜͜ʹ࣮ߦ಺༰Λهड़ } } // start Ͱ৽εϨουɺ run ͩͱಉ͡εϨου(!!) ).start();

ϝΠϯεϨουͰॲཧΛ͢Δ // ϝΠϯεϨου (Looper.getMainLooper()) ʹ // ϝοηʔδΛ఻͑Δ܅Λऔಘ Handler handler =
new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper()); // Runnable ΛૹΔ -> ϝΠϯεϨουͰ run ͕ݺ͹ΕΔ handler.post( new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { // ͜͜ʹ࣮ߦ͢Δ಺༰Λهड़ // ྫ textView.setText(“hogehoge”); } } );

ωοτϫʔΫܥ  ϥΠϒϥϦ

"OESPJEͰωοτϫʔΫ w ϥΠϒϥϦແ͠ͷ৔߹ "TZOD5BTL͔"TZOD5BTL-PBEFSΛ࡞੒ w ผεϨουΛཱͯͯ΍ͬͯ͘ΕΔ܅ ίʔϧόοΫΛ࡞੒ wϝΠϯεϨουͰը໘ߋ৽ όοΫάϥ΢ϯυͰωοτϫʔΫʹΞΫηε w%FGBVMU)UUQ$MJFOUΛ࢖͏

ϥΠϒϥϦ࢖͍·͢ w ϥΠϒϥϦ࢖Θͳ͍ωοτϫʔΫ͸৭ʑ໘౗ w ʢ͜͜ʹ༷ʑͳ۪ஒʣ

ωοτϫʔΫܥϥΠϒϥϦ w 0L)UUQ w 4RVBSF͕ࣾެ։͍ͯ͠ΔϥΠϒϥϦ w 3FUSPpU w 4RVBSF͕ࣾެ։͍ͯ͠Δ w
1JDBTTP w 4RVBSF͕ࣾެ։

ωοτϫʔΫܥϥΠϒϥϦ w 0L)UUQ w ωοτϫʔΫͷجຊతͳ෦෼ w )551ʹ΋ରԠ w "OESPJE಺෦Ͱ΋࢖ΘΕ͍ͯΔ

ωοτϫʔΫܥϥΠϒϥϦ w 3FUSPpU w +TPOΛ࢖͏"1*ʹΞΫηε͢Δͷʹศར w ࣗಈͰ+40/Λઐ༻Ϋϥεʹม׵ͯ͘͠ΕͨΓ w 1JDBTTP w
ը૾Λऔͬͯ͘Δͷʹศར w *NBHF7JFXʹදࣔͨ͠ΓΩϟογϡͨ͠Γ

0L)UUQ  ͰΞΫηε

0L)UUQ w ࠓճ͸0L)UUQΛ࢖͏ w γϯϓϧͳͷͰ w app/build.gradle ͰϥΠϒϥϦΛ௥Ճ w ϓϩδΣΫττοϓʹ͋ΔํͰ͸ͳ͍ʢ஫ҙʣ
w BQQͷ಺෦Ͱ࢖͏ͷͰapp/build.gradle

0L)UUQ * app/build.gradle dependencies { compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:24.2.1' testCompile ‘junit:junit:4.12' compile ‘com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:3.5.0' } groupId(άϧʔϓ໊):artifactId(ϥΠϒϥϦ໊):version ͱͳ͍ͬͯΔ

0L)UUQ w هड़ޙʹ  (SBEMF4ZODΛߦ͏ w *%&ʹೝࣝͤ͞ΔͨΊ

0L)UUQͷྲྀΕ w ϦΫΤετ Request Λ࡞੒ w 63-΍ϔομʔͦͷଞΛઃఆ w ίʔϧόοΫ Callback
Λ࡞੒ w ωοτϫʔΫ׬ྃޙʹݺ͹ΕΔ w OkHttpClientͰඇಉظϦΫΤετ

ϦΫΤετ࡞੒ * MainActivity.java public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity { …
public void sendRequest() { Request kmcRequest = new Request.Builder() .url("https://www.kmc.gr.jp") .build(); } } KMC ͷτοϓϖʔδʹΞΫηε͢ΔϦΫΤετ

* MainActivity.java public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity { … public
void sendRequest() { Request kmcRequest = …; Callback callback = new Callback() { @Override public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) { // do nothing } @Override public void onResponse(Call call, final Response response) throws IOException { … } }; } } ίʔϧόοΫ࡞੒ ੒ޭ -> onResponse, ࣦഊ -> onFailure

* MainActivity.java: onResponse @Override public void onResponse(Call call, final Response
response) throws IOException { final String body = response.body().string(); new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper()).post( new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,  body, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); } } ); } response ͔Β body Λऔಘͯ͠ String ʹ

response) throws IOException { final String body = response.body().string(); new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper()).post( new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,  body, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); } } ); } ϝΠϯεϨουͰ࣮ߦ

response) throws IOException { final String body = response.body().string(); new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper()).post( new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,  body, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); } } ); } औಘͨ͠಺༰Λ Toast Ͱग़͢

0L)UUQͰϦΫΤετ * MainActivity.java public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity { …
public void sendRequest() { Request kmcRequest = …; Callback callback = …; OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient(); client.newCall(kmcRequest) .enqueue(callback); } } OkHttpClient Λ࡞੒

0L)UUQͰϦΫΤετ * MainActivity.java public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity { …
public void sendRequest() { Request kmcRequest = …; Callback callback = …; OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient(); client.newCall(kmcRequest) .enqueue(callback); } } ϦΫΤετΛ enqueue ʢඇಉظ࣮ߦʣ

ΫϦοΫͯ͠ϦΫΤετ * MainActivity.java : onCreate submitButton.setOnClickListener( new View.OnClickListener() { ɹ@Override
public void onClick(View v) { sendRequest(); ɹ} } );

ϦΫΤετͯ͠ΈΔ

4MBDLʹ౤ߘ

4MBDL౤ߘͷྲྀΕ w 5PLFOΛ࡞੒ʢલճͷεϥΠυʣ w 5PLFOΛൿີͷ৔ॴʹอଘ w Request࡞੒ w ౤ߘ

4MBDL5PLFOอଘ

5PLFOอଘ w 5PLFO͸ൿີʹ͠·͠ΐ͏ w 4MBDL͔Β࿈བྷ͘Δ w (JUϨϙδτϦʹ௥Ճ͠ͳ͍Α͏ʹ͢Δ

5PLFOอଘखஈ "ൿີͷϦιʔεϑΝΠϧΛ࡞ͬͯอଘ w ࠓճ͸ private.xml w .gitignoreʹ௥Ճ w ͦ͜ʹ5PLFOΛอଘ #Ϣʔβʔʹೖྗͤ͞Δ
w SharedPreferencesʹอଘ

ϓϥΠϕʔτͳTUSJOHT w SFTWBMVFTΛӈΫϦοΫ w /FXWBMVFTSFTPVSDFpMF

ϓϥΠϕʔτͳTUSJOHT w QSJWBUFYNMΛ࡞੒

ϓϥΠϕʔτͳTUSJOHT w HJUJHOPSFʹprivate.xmlΛ௥Ճ w ϓϩδΣΫτ௚Լͷ(JU*HOPSFͰ0, 

ϓϥΠϕʔτͳTUSJOHT w QSJWBUFYNMʹUPLFOΛઃఆ * Private.xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <resources> <string
name=“token">xoxp-hogehoge</string> </resources>

3FRVFTU࡞੒

4MBDL౤ߘ"1* w IUUQTTMBDLDPNBQJDIBUQPTU.FTTBHF w IUUQTBQJTMBDLDPNNFUIPETDIBUQPTU.FTTBHF w tokenͱtextͱchannelΛઃఆͯ͠౤ߘ

3FRVFTU࡞੒ RequestBody࡞੒ w ࠓճ͸x-www-form-urlencodedܗࣜͰૹ৴ Request࡞੒ w ࡞੒ͨ͠RequestBodyΛૹ৴͢ΔΑ͏ʹ͢Δ

3FRVFTU#PEZ࡞੒ * MainActivitiy.java public void sendRequest() { RequestBody formBody =
new FormBody.Builder() .add("token", getString(R.string.token)) .add("channel", “#android-project") .add("text", “͜Μʹͪ͸͜Μʹͪ͸") .build(); } ૹ৴͢Δσʔλ

* MainActivitiy.java public void sendRequest() { RequestBody formBody = new
FormBody.Builder() .add("token", getString(R.string.token)) .add("channel", “#android-project") .add("text", “͜Μʹͪ͸͜Μʹͪ͸") .build(); } 3FRVFTU#PEZ࡞੒ ઃఆͨ͠ Token

* MainActivitiy.java public void sendRequest() { RequestBody formBody = new
FormBody.Builder() .add("token", getString(R.string.token)) .add("channel", “#android-project") .add("text", “͜Μʹͪ͸͜Μʹͪ͸") .build(); } 3FRVFTU#PEZ࡞੒ νϟϯωϧɾςΩετ

3FRVFTU࡞੒ * MainActivitiy.java public void sendRequest() { RequestBody formBody =
…; Request slackRequest = new Request.Builder() .url(“https://slack.com/api/chat.postMessage") .post(formBody) .build(); } formBody Λ POST

౤ߘ੒ޭ

Androidアプリを作る 第7回

Androidアプリを作る 第7回

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Androidアプリを作る第7回

Androidアプリを作る第7回