Androidアプリを作る 第5回

Transcript

1. "OESPJEΞϓϦΛ࡞Δ
   
   ,.$OPOZMFOF
   "DUJWJUZϨΠΞ΢τ
   

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2. ࣗݾ঺հ
   w OPOZMFOF ͷʹΕΜ
   
   w ,.$ճ
   w ΧʔϏΟͰ͢
   w ϙέϞϯϐΫϩεྑ͍Ͱ͢
   w SPPU
   

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3. ࣗݾ঺հ
   w OPOZMFOF ͷʹΕΜ
   
   w εϚϗΞϓϦͱ͔
   w 5XJUUFS(JU)VCFUD
   w IUUQOPOZMFOFIBUFOBCMPHKQ
   

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4. ͜Μ͹Μ͸
   

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5. ࠓ೔΍Δ͜ͱ
   "DUJWJUZ
   *OUFOU
   ϨΠΞ΢τ
   

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6. "DUJWJUZ
   

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7. ֓આ
   

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8. "DUJWJUZ
   w "DUJWJUZ͸ը໘
   w ΞϓϦͷجຊཁૉ
   w ը໘ͳͷͰෳ਺͋Δ͜ͱ͕ଟ͍
   w جຊతʹ"DUJWJUZ্Ͱશ͕ͯߦΘΕΔ
   

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9. "DUJWJUZͷྫ
   

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10. w ΞϓϦΛىಈˠ"DUJWUJZ͕ىಈ
    w ը໘Ҡಈˠผͷ"DUJWJUZ͕ىಈ
    w "DUJWJUZͷதʹ"DUJWJUZ͸࣋ͨͳ͍
    w ৗʹͨͩҰͭͷ"DUJWJUZ͕લ໘ʹग़͍ͯΔ
    w .VMUJ8JOEPXͳͲͷྫ֎΋͋Δ
    ͋Ε΋͜Ε΋"DUJWJUZ
    

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11. "DUJWJUZͷߏ଄
    

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12. * MainActivity.java
    public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    }
    }
    "DUJWJUZ
    

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13. w 4VQQPSU-JCSBSZ
    w "OESPJE4%,ͷ࠷৽ͷػೳ͕Ұ෦ೖ͍ͬͯΔ
    w ͜ΕͰݹ͍୺຤ʹ΋࠷৽ͷػೳ͕ʂ
    • .*Compat.*
    • .*Support.*
    • ࠓճ͸ AppCompatActivity Λ࢖͏
    ิ଍
    

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14. * MainActivity.java
    public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    }
    }
    ىಈ͢Δ࣌ʹݺ͹ΕΔ
    ίϯετϥΫλͰ Activity ؔ࿈ͷॳظԽΛ͠Α͏ͱ͢Δͱ·ͩॳظԽ͕ࡁΜͰͳ͍͜ͱ͕͋Δ
    

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15. w onCreate()ىಈʢॳظԽॲཧʣ
    w onStart() ࢝·Δ
    w ྫىಈ͢ΔɾStopޙ·ͨલ໘ʹ໭ͬͨ
    w onStop()ࢭ·ͬͨ
    w ྫऴྃ͢Δɾଞͷ"DUJWJUZ͕લ໘ʹग़ͨ
    w onDestroy() ऴྃ͢Δʢޙย෇͚ʣ
    ϥΠϑαΠΫϧ
    

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16. w ଞʹ΋͍Ζ͍Ζ͋Δ
    w IUUQTEFWFMPQFSBOESPJEDPNSFGFSFODF
    BOESPJEBQQ"DUJWJUZIUNM"DUJWJUZ-JGFDZDMF
    ϥΠϑαΠΫϧ
    

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17. * MainActivity.java
    public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    }
    } ϨΠΞ΢τΛදࣔ
    R.layout.activity_main ʹؔͯ͠͸ޙड़
    

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18. * AndroidManifest.xml
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    "OESPJE.BOJGFTUYNM
    

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19. ৽͍͠"DUJWJUZΛ࡞੒
    w l1SPKFDUzͷlBQQzҎԼͰӈΫϦοΫ
    ˠ l/FXzl"DUJWJUZzl&NQUZ"DUJWJUZz
    

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20. ৽͍͠"DUJWJUZΛ࡞੒
    w ྫ.BJO"DUJWJUZ
    w Main2Activity.java͕࡞ΒΕΔ
    w ϨΠΞ΢τ͕࡞ΒΕΔ
    w AndroidManifest.xmlʹ

    Main2Activity͕௥Ճ͞ΕΔ
    

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21. *OUFOU
    

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22. *OUFOU
    w ଞͷ"DUJWJUZΛىಈ͢ΔͨΊͷΫϥε
    w "DUJWJUZಉ࢜Ͱ͸ϝϯόม਺ͳͲʹ

    ௚઀ΞΫηε͠ͳ͍
    ˠ ىಈΛࢦࣔ͢Δ*OUFOUʹσʔλΛೖΕͯ౉͢

    w ଞͷ࢖༻๏΋͋Δ ྫ4FSWJDF
    ׂ͕Ѫ
    

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23. *OUFOU
    w ໌ࣔత*OUFOU
    w ىಈ͢Δ"DUJWJUZΛࢦఆ͢Δ
    w ଞͷը໘ʹભҠ͍ͨ࣌͠ͳͲʹ࢖͏
    

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24. ໌ࣔత*OUFOU
    * MainActivity.java
    Intent intent = new Intent(this, Main2Activity.class);
    intent.putExtra("name", “nonylene");
    startActivity(intent);
    .BJO"DUJWJUZΛىಈ
    this ͸ Context Ͱɺ͜͜Ͱ͸ MainActivity ࣗ਎ΛೖΕ͍ͯΔ. 

    (Activity ͸ Context ͷࢠΫϥε)
    Context ͸ΞϓϦͷ؀ڥ৘ใͳͲΛऔಘ͢Δͷʹ࢖ΘΕ͍ͯΔ.
    

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25. * MainActivity.java
    Intent intent = new Intent(this, Main2Activity.class);
    intent.putExtra("name", “nonylene");
    startActivity(intent);
    ໌ࣔత*OUFOU
    lOPOZMFOFzͱ͍͏σʔλΛ֨ೲ
    

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26. * MainActivity.java
    Intent intent = new Intent(this, Main2Activity.class);
    intent.putExtra("name", “nonylene");
    startActivity(intent);
    ໌ࣔత*OUFOU
    *OUFOUΛ౤͛Δ .BJO"DUJWJUZ͕ىಈ
    
    

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27. *OUFOU
    w ҉໧త*OUFOU
    w ʮڞ༗ʯͱݴΘΕ͍ͯΔ΋ͷ
    w ςΩετΛଞͷΞϓϦͰॲཧ͢Δ౳
    

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28. *OUFOU
    w ҉໧త*OUFOU
    w ىಈ͢Δ"DUJWJUZ͸ࢦఆ͠ͳ͍
    w *OUFOUͷΞΫγϣϯʢछྨʣΛࢦఆ͢Δ
    w ड͚औΓଆͷ"DUJWJUZ͸AndroidManifestʹ

    ड͚औΔΞΫγϣϯɾ63*Λهड़
    w ىಈ͢Δ"DUJWJUZΛϢʔβʔ͕બͿ
    

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29. ҉໧త*OUFOU
    * MainActivity.java
    Uri uri = Uri.parse(“https://www.kmc.gr.jp/");
    Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri);
    startActivity(intent);
    6SJΦϒδΣΫτΛ࡞੒
    

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30. ҉໧త*OUFOU
    * MainActivity.java
    Uri uri = Uri.parse(“https://www.kmc.gr.jp/");
    Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri);
    startActivity(intent);
    "$5*0/@7*&8ʢӾཡ͢Δʣͱ։͘6SJΛࢦఆ
    

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31. ҉໧త*OUFOU
    *OUFOUΛ౤͛Δ ΞϓϦબ୒ը໘͕ىಈ
    
    * MainActivity.java
    Uri uri = Uri.parse(“https://www.kmc.gr.jp/");
    Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri);
    startActivity(intent);
    

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32. ҉໧త*OUFOU
    →
    

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33. ϨΠΞ΢τ
    

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34. ֓આ
    

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35. "OESPJEͷϨΠΞ΢τ
    w 9.-Ͱఆٛ
    w )5.-ײ֮Ͱॻ͘ͱྑ͍Ͱ͢<ٞ࿦>
    w ը໘ύʔπͷ͜ͱΛ7JFXͱ͍͏
    

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36. งғؾ
    * activity_main.xml
    
    android:id="@+id/activity_main"
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context="net.nonylene.myslack.MainActivity">
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="Hello World!"/>
    
    

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37. งғؾ
    * activity_main.xml
    
    android:id="@+id/activity_main"
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context="net.nonylene.myslack.MainActivity">
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="Hello World!"/>
    
    શମͷϨΠΞ΢τ
    

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38. งғؾ
    * activity_main.xml
    
    android:id="@+id/activity_main"
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context="net.nonylene.myslack.MainActivity">
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="Hello World!"/>
    
    5FYUදࣔ
    

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39. งғؾ
    

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40. ϨΠΞ΢τͷجૅ஌ࣝ
    

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41. "UUSJCVUFT ଐੑ
    
    w 9.-ͷه๏
    w ཁૉʹରͯ͠ଐੑͷ৘ใΛՃ͑Δ
    w "OESPJEͰ͸“android:”͔Β࢝ΊΔ
    w l໊લۭؒzͱ͍͏
    w *%&Ͱ࢖͏BUUSCVUFT͸“tools:”
    w 4VQQPSU-JCSBSZͰ͸“app:” ͕ଟ͍
    

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42. * activity_main.xml
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height=“match_parent"
    tools:context="net.nonylene.myslack.MainActivity"
    …>
    android:text="Hello World!" …/>
    
    BOESPJEͱUPPMTΛఆٛ
    "UUSJCVUFT ଐੑ
    
    

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43. * activity_main.xml
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height=“match_parent"
    tools:context="net.nonylene.myslack.MainActivity"
    …>
    android:text="Hello World!" …/>
    
    3FMBUJWF-BZPVUʹଐੑΛ௥Ճ
    "UUSJCVUFT ଐੑ
    
    

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44. 5FYU7JFXʹଐੑΛ௥Ճ
    * activity_main.xml
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height=“match_parent"
    tools:context="net.nonylene.myslack.MainActivity"
    …>
    android:text="Hello World!" …/>
    
    "UUSJCVUFT ଐੑ
    
    

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45. *%
    w 7JFXΛଞͷ৔ॴ +BWB΍ଞͷ7JFX
    ͔Βࢀ
    র͢ΔͨΊͷ*%
    w ֤ϨΠΞ΢τ͝ͱʹҰҙ
    

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46. *%
    * activity_main.xml
    android:id="@+id/activity_main"
    …>
    android:id="@+id/text_view"
    android:layout_alignParentTop="@id/activity_main"
    …/>
    
    ϨΠΞ΢τ*%ͷఆٛ !JE
    
    

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47. *%
    * activity_main.xml
    android:id="@+id/activity_main"
    …>
    android:id="@+id/text_view"
    android:layout_alignParentTop="@id/activity_main"
    …/>
    
    ϨΠΞ΢τ*%ͷ࢖༻ !JE
    
    

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48. 3Ϋϥε
    w +BWB͔ΒϨΠΞ΢τͷ7JFX΍֤छϦιʔε
    Λࢀর͢ΔͨΊͷΫϥε
    w ϑΝΠϧ໊ɾ*%໊౳͔ΒࣗಈͰੜ੒͞ΕΔ
    

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49. 3Ϋϥε
    • ϨΠΞ΢τ layout/activity_main.xml
    → R.layout.activity_main
    • 7JFX@id/text_view
    → R.id.text_view

    • ͦͷଞɺR.string.hoge ΍ R.dimen.hoge ͳͲ
    

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50. * MainActivity.java
    public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    }
    } MBZPVUBDUJWJUZ@NBJOYNMΛදࣔ
    3Ϋϥε
    

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51. BQQ@OBNFͱఆٛͨ͠จࣈྻΛऔಘ
    3Ϋϥε
    String appName = context.getString(R.string.app_name);
    ɾ values/strings.xml ʹఆٛ͞Ε͍ͯΔ

    ɾ Ϧιʔε͔Βऔಘ͢Δʹ͸ context ͕ඞཁʹͳΔ
    

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52. EQ
    w ϨΠΞ΢τͷαΠζʹ༻͍Δ୯Ґ
    w ୺຤ͷըૉ਺ʹ߹Θ͍ͤͯΔ
    w EQQYQYQYQYFUDʜ
    w ࠷ۙ͸QYఔ౓
    

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53. TQ
    w จࣈͷେ͖͞ͷ୯Ґ
    w ୺຤ͷϑΥϯτઃఆʹΑͬͯαΠζ͕มΘΔ
    

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54. جຊతͳଐੑ
    

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55. XJEUIIFJHIU
    w 7JFXͷ෯ɾߴ͞΋ଐੑͰࢦఆ͢Δ
    w ෯ android:width
    ɾߴ͞ android:height
    
    w ඞਢཁૉ
    

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56. XJEUIIFJHIU
    w ࢦఆʹ͸ࡾछྨ͋Δ
    w EQࢦఆ
    • match_parent
    w ਌ͷ7JFXҰഋ·Ͱ޿͕Δ
    • wrap_content
    w ඞཁͳ෼͚ͩ޿͕Δ
    

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57. XJEUIIFJHIU
    

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58. QBEEJOHNBSHJO
    w ༨നΛઃఆ͢ΔͨΊͷଐੑ
    w શମ5PQ
    #PUUPN
    4UBSU
    
    &OE
    ͕ઃఆͰ͖Δ
    w ݹ͍୺຤Ͱ͸-FGU3JHIUʹͳΔ
    w ΞϥϏΞޠͳͲٯ޲͖ͷݴޠͰ΋ಉ͡ʹͳΔ
    

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59. QBEEJOHNBSHJO
    • android:padding (Top, Bottom…)
    w ཁૉͷ಺ଆͷ༨ന
    w എܠͳͲ͸༨നʹద༻͞ΕΔ
    w ΫϦοΫ͢ΔΤϦΞ΋޿͕Δ
    w layout_widthͳͲ͸paddingΛؚΉ
    

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60. QBEEJOHNBSHJO
    • android:layout_margin (Top…)
    w ཁૉͷ֎ଆͷ༨ന
    w എܠͳͲ͸༨നʹద༻͞Εͳ͍
    w ΫϦοΫ͢ΔΤϦΞͳͲʹؚ·Εͳ͍
    w layout_widthͳͲ͸paddingΛؚ·ͳ͍
    

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61. QBEEJOHNBSHJO
    Cite: https://www.washington.edu/accesscomputing/webd2/student/unit3/module4/lesson1.html
    

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62. 7JTJCJMJUZ
    • android:visibility
    • ཁૉͷදࣔɾඇදࣔઃఆ
    • VISIBLE: ݟ͑ΔʢσϑΥϧτʣ
    • INVISIBLE: ݟ͑ͳ͍͕εϖʔε͸औΔʢಁ໌ʣ
    • GONE: ݟ͑ͳ͍͠εϖʔε΋औΒͳ͍ʢফڈʣ
    

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63. MBZPVU@HSBWJUZ
    • android:layout_gravity
    w ਌ͷ7JFXʹରͯ͠Ͳͷ৔ॴʹஔ͔͘
    • hoge|piyo ͷΑ͏ʹॎԣͷҐஔΛࢦఆ
    • top / bottom / start / end /
    center_horizontal / center_vertical
    • LinearLayout / FrameLayout ޙड़
    Ͱ࢖͏
    

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64. 7JFX(SPVQ
    

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65. 7JFX(SPVQ
    w ෳ਺ͷ7JFXΛ಺แͰ͖Δ7JFX
    w .*Layoutͱ͍͏໊લ͕ଟ͍
    w ·ͣ7JFX(SPVQΛઃஔ͠ɺͦͷதʹ7JFX
    ΛೖΕ͍ͯ͘
    

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66. 3FMBUJWF-BZPVU
    w ࢠ7JFXͷ഑ஔΛͦΕͧΕͷ7JFXͱͷ

    Ґஔؔ܎Λఆٛͯ͠࢖͏
    w ͜ͷ7JFXͷ্ʹɾ਌ͷ7JFXͷఈʹFUDʜ
    w Կ΋͠ͳ͍ͱࢠ7JFX͕ࠨ্ʹॏͳ͍ͬͯ͘
    w ΧελϜ͠΍͍͕͢࢖͍উख͸ѱ͍
    w ҰͭҰͭઃఆ͢Δඞཁ͕͋Δ
    

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67. 3FMBUJWF-BZPVU
    android:id=“@+id/activity_main" …>
    android:layout_alignParentTop=“true"
    android:id=“@id/piyo” …/>
    android:layout_below=“@+id/piyo” …/>
    
    

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68. -JOFBS-BZPVU
    w هड़͞Εͨॱ൪ʹࢠͷ7JFXΛฒ΂Δ
    w “android:orientation”Ͱ޲͖Λࢦఆ
    • vertical / horizontal σϑΥϧτ
    
    w ΧελϜੑ͸Լ͕Δ͕ศར
    

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69. -JOFBS-BZPVU
    android:orientation=“vertical” …>
    
    
    
    
    
    

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70. 'SBNF-BZPVU
    w ॏͶΔ͜ͱʹಛԽͨ͠ϨΠΞ΢τ
    w ࢠ7JFXಉ࢜ͷҐஔؔ܎͸ઃఆͰ͖ͳ͍
    w ਌ͷ7JFX͔ΒͷҐஔͷΈͰࢦఆ
    • android:layout_gravity Λ༻͍Δ
    w ୯७ʹॏͶΔ͚ͩͳΒRelativeΑΓγϯϓϧ
    

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71. 'SBNF-BZPVU
    
    android:layout_gravity=“top|start”
    …/>
    android:layout_gravity=“bottom|end”
    …/>
    
    

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72. FrameLayout
    LinearLayout

    (vertical)
    ※֤ TextView ͸ wrap_content, վߦ͸खಈͰૠೖ
    

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73. ͍Ζ͍Ζͳ7JFX
    

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74. ༷ʑͳ7JFX
    w TextViewจࣈΛදࣔ
    w EditTextจࣈೖྗཝ
    w ButtonϘλϯ
    w ImageViewը૾Λදࣔ
    w RecyclerViewϦετදࣔʢޙड़ʣ
    

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75. ͍Ζ͍Ζͳଐੑ
    w 7JFXʹΑ͍ͬͯΖ͍Ζͳଐੑ͕͋Δ
    w ୅දతͳ΋ͷΛ঺հ͠·͢
    

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76. ͍Ζ͍Ζͳଐੑ
    • android:text / textColor / textSize
    w จࣈྻɾจࣈ৭ɾจࣈαΠζΛࢦఆ
    • android:background
    w എܠͷ৭΍ը૾Λࢦఆ
    • android:hint
    w &EJU5FYUʹจࣈΛೖΕΔલͷώϯτΛઃఆ
    

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77. ͍Ζ͍Ζͳଐੑ
    • android:enabled
    w ϘλϯͰΫϦοΫͰ͖Δ͔Ͳ͏͔ͳͲ

    • ଞʹ΋͍Ζ͍Ζ͋Δ
    • ࣮͸ࣗ෼Ͱ΋࡞ΕΔ
    • ࢖͍͍ͨ࣌ʹௐ΂͍͖ͯ·͠ΐ͏
    

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