Androidアプリを作る第5回

"OESPJEΞϓϦΛ࡞Δ ,.$OPOZMFOF "DUJWJUZϨΠΞ΢τ

ࣗݾ঺հ w OPOZMFOF ͷʹΕΜ w ,.$ճ w ΧʔϏΟͰ͢ w
ϙέϞϯϐΫϩεྑ͍Ͱ͢ w SPPU

ࣗݾ঺հ w OPOZMFOF ͷʹΕΜ w εϚϗΞϓϦͱ͔ w 5XJUUFS(JU)VCFUD w
IUUQOPOZMFOFIBUFOBCMPHKQ

͜Μ͹Μ͸

ࠓ೔΍Δ͜ͱ "DUJWJUZ *OUFOU ϨΠΞ΢τ

"DUJWJUZ

"DUJWJUZ w "DUJWJUZ͸ը໘ w ΞϓϦͷجຊཁૉ w ը໘ͳͷͰෳ਺͋Δ͜ͱ͕ଟ͍ w جຊతʹ"DUJWJUZ্Ͱશ͕ͯߦΘΕΔ

"DUJWJUZͷྫ

w ΞϓϦΛىಈˠ"DUJWUJZ͕ىಈ w ը໘Ҡಈˠผͷ"DUJWJUZ͕ىಈ w "DUJWJUZͷதʹ"DUJWJUZ͸࣋ͨͳ͍ w ৗʹͨͩҰͭͷ"DUJWJUZ͕લ໘ʹग़͍ͯΔ w .VMUJ8JOEPXͳͲͷྫ֎΋͋Δ
͋Ε΋͜Ε΋"DUJWJUZ

"DUJWJUZͷߏ଄

* MainActivity.java public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity { @Override protected
void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); } } "DUJWJUZ

w 4VQQPSU-JCSBSZ w "OESPJE4%,ͷ࠷৽ͷػೳ͕Ұ෦ೖ͍ͬͯΔ w ͜ΕͰݹ͍୺຤ʹ΋࠷৽ͷػೳ͕ʂ • .*Compat.* • .*Support.*
• ࠓճ͸ AppCompatActivity Λ࢖͏ ิ଍

void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); } } ىಈ͢Δ࣌ʹݺ͹ΕΔ ίϯετϥΫλͰ Activity ؔ࿈ͷॳظԽΛ͠Α͏ͱ͢Δͱ·ͩॳظԽ͕ࡁΜͰͳ͍͜ͱ͕͋Δ

w onCreate()ىಈʢॳظԽॲཧʣ w onStart() ࢝·Δ w ྫىಈ͢ΔɾStopޙ·ͨલ໘ʹ໭ͬͨ w onStop()ࢭ·ͬͨ w
ྫऴྃ͢Δɾଞͷ"DUJWJUZ͕લ໘ʹग़ͨ w onDestroy() ऴྃ͢Δʢޙย෇͚ʣ ϥΠϑαΠΫϧ

w ଞʹ΋͍Ζ͍Ζ͋Δ w IUUQTEFWFMPQFSBOESPJEDPNSFGFSFODF BOESPJEBQQ"DUJWJUZIUNM"DUJWJUZ-JGFDZDMF ϥΠϑαΠΫϧ

void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); } } ϨΠΞ΢τΛදࣔ R.layout.activity_main ʹؔͯ͠͸ޙड़

* AndroidManifest.xml <?xml versi…?> <manifest package=“net.nonylene.myslack" …> <application …> <activity
android:name=“.MainActivity"> <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN"/> <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER"/> </intent-filter> </activity> </application> </manifest> "OESPJE.BOJGFTUYNM

৽͍͠"DUJWJUZΛ࡞੒ w l1SPKFDUzͷlBQQzҎԼͰӈΫϦοΫ ˠ l/FXzl"DUJWJUZzl&NQUZ"DUJWJUZz

৽͍͠"DUJWJUZΛ࡞੒ w ྫ.BJO"DUJWJUZ w Main2Activity.java͕࡞ΒΕΔ w ϨΠΞ΢τ͕࡞ΒΕΔ w AndroidManifest.xmlʹ  Main2Activity͕௥Ճ͞ΕΔ

*OUFOU

*OUFOU w ଞͷ"DUJWJUZΛىಈ͢ΔͨΊͷΫϥε w "DUJWJUZಉ࢜Ͱ͸ϝϯόม਺ͳͲʹ  ௚઀ΞΫηε͠ͳ͍ ˠ ىಈΛࢦࣔ͢Δ*OUFOUʹσʔλΛೖΕͯ౉͢  w ଞͷ࢖༻๏΋͋Δ
ྫ4FSWJDF ׂ͕Ѫ

*OUFOU w ໌ࣔత*OUFOU w ىಈ͢Δ"DUJWJUZΛࢦఆ͢Δ w ଞͷը໘ʹભҠ͍ͨ࣌͠ͳͲʹ࢖͏

໌ࣔత*OUFOU * MainActivity.java Intent intent = new Intent(this, Main2Activity.class); intent.putExtra("name",
“nonylene"); startActivity(intent); .BJO"DUJWJUZΛىಈ this ͸ Context Ͱɺ͜͜Ͱ͸ MainActivity ࣗ਎ΛೖΕ͍ͯΔ.   (Activity ͸ Context ͷࢠΫϥε) Context ͸ΞϓϦͷ؀ڥ৘ใͳͲΛऔಘ͢Δͷʹ࢖ΘΕ͍ͯΔ.

* MainActivity.java Intent intent = new Intent(this, Main2Activity.class); intent.putExtra("name", “nonylene");
startActivity(intent); ໌ࣔత*OUFOU lOPOZMFOFzͱ͍͏σʔλΛ֨ೲ

* MainActivity.java Intent intent = new Intent(this, Main2Activity.class); intent.putExtra("name", “nonylene");
startActivity(intent); ໌ࣔత*OUFOU *OUFOUΛ౤͛Δ .BJO"DUJWJUZ͕ىಈ

*OUFOU w ҉໧త*OUFOU w ʮڞ༗ʯͱݴΘΕ͍ͯΔ΋ͷ w ςΩετΛଞͷΞϓϦͰॲཧ͢Δ౳

*OUFOU w ҉໧త*OUFOU w ىಈ͢Δ"DUJWJUZ͸ࢦఆ͠ͳ͍ w *OUFOUͷΞΫγϣϯʢछྨʣΛࢦఆ͢Δ w ड͚औΓଆͷ"DUJWJUZ͸AndroidManifestʹ  ड͚औΔΞΫγϣϯɾ63*Λهड़
w ىಈ͢Δ"DUJWJUZΛϢʔβʔ͕બͿ

҉໧త*OUFOU * MainActivity.java Uri uri = Uri.parse(“https://www.kmc.gr.jp/"); Intent intent =
new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri); startActivity(intent); 6SJΦϒδΣΫτΛ࡞੒

҉໧త*OUFOU * MainActivity.java Uri uri = Uri.parse(“https://www.kmc.gr.jp/"); Intent intent =
new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri); startActivity(intent); "$5*0/@7*&8ʢӾཡ͢Δʣͱ։͘6SJΛࢦఆ

҉໧త*OUFOU *OUFOUΛ౤͛Δ ΞϓϦબ୒ը໘͕ىಈ * MainActivity.java Uri uri = Uri.parse(“https://www.kmc.gr.jp/"); Intent
intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri); startActivity(intent);

҉໧త*OUFOU →

ϨΠΞ΢τ

"OESPJEͷϨΠΞ΢τ w 9.-Ͱఆٛ w )5.-ײ֮Ͱॻ͘ͱྑ͍Ͱ͢<ٞ࿦> w ը໘ύʔπͷ͜ͱΛ7JFXͱ͍͏

งғؾ * activity_main.xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding=“utf-8"?> <RelativeLayout android:id="@+id/activity_main" xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin" android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin" android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" tools:context="net.nonylene.myslack.MainActivity"> <TextView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Hello World!"/> </RelativeLayout>

android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin" android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin" android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" tools:context="net.nonylene.myslack.MainActivity"> <TextView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Hello World!"/> </RelativeLayout> શମͷϨΠΞ΢τ

android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin" android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin" android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" tools:context="net.nonylene.myslack.MainActivity"> <TextView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Hello World!"/> </RelativeLayout> 5FYUදࣔ

งғؾ

ϨΠΞ΢τͷجૅ஌ࣝ

"UUSJCVUFT ଐੑ w 9.-ͷه๏ w ཁૉʹରͯ͠ଐੑͷ৘ใΛՃ͑Δ w "OESPJEͰ͸“android:”͔Β࢝ΊΔ w l໊લۭؒzͱ͍͏
w *%&Ͱ࢖͏BUUSCVUFT͸“tools:” w 4VQQPSU-JCSBSZͰ͸“app:” ͕ଟ͍

* activity_main.xml <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height=“match_parent" tools:context="net.nonylene.myslack.MainActivity" …> <TextView
android:text="Hello World!" …/> </RelativeLayout> BOESPJEͱUPPMTΛఆٛ "UUSJCVUFT ଐੑ

* activity_main.xml <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height=“match_parent" tools:context="net.nonylene.myslack.MainActivity" …> <TextView
android:text="Hello World!" …/> </RelativeLayout> 3FMBUJWF-BZPVUʹଐੑΛ௥Ճ "UUSJCVUFT ଐੑ

5FYU7JFXʹଐੑΛ௥Ճ * activity_main.xml <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height=“match_parent" tools:context="net.nonylene.myslack.MainActivity" …>
<TextView android:text="Hello World!" …/> </RelativeLayout> "UUSJCVUFT ଐੑ

*% w 7JFXΛଞͷ৔ॴ +BWB΍ଞͷ7JFX ͔Βࢀ র͢ΔͨΊͷ*% w ֤ϨΠΞ΢τ͝ͱʹҰҙ

*% * activity_main.xml <RelativeLayout android:id="@+id/activity_main" …> <TextView android:id="@+id/text_view" android:layout_alignParentTop="@id/activity_main" …/>
</RelativeLayout> ϨΠΞ΢τ*%ͷఆٛ ! JE

*% * activity_main.xml <RelativeLayout android:id="@+id/activity_main" …> <TextView android:id="@+id/text_view" android:layout_alignParentTop="@id/activity_main" …/>
</RelativeLayout> ϨΠΞ΢τ*%ͷ࢖༻ !JE

3Ϋϥε w +BWB͔ΒϨΠΞ΢τͷ7JFX΍֤छϦιʔε Λࢀর͢ΔͨΊͷΫϥε w ϑΝΠϧ໊ɾ*%໊౳͔ΒࣗಈͰੜ੒͞ΕΔ

3Ϋϥε • ϨΠΞ΢τ layout/activity_main.xml → R.layout.activity_main • 7JFX@id/text_view → R.id.text_view 
• ͦͷଞɺR.string.hoge ΍ R.dimen.hoge ͳͲ

void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); } } MBZPVUBDUJWJUZ@NBJOYNMΛදࣔ 3Ϋϥε

BQQ@OBNFͱఆٛͨ͠จࣈྻΛऔಘ 3Ϋϥε String appName = context.getString(R.string.app_name); ɾ values/strings.xml ʹఆٛ͞Ε͍ͯΔ  ɾ
Ϧιʔε͔Βऔಘ͢Δʹ͸ context ͕ඞཁʹͳΔ

EQ w ϨΠΞ΢τͷαΠζʹ༻͍Δ୯Ґ w ୺຤ͷըૉ਺ʹ߹Θ͍ͤͯΔ w EQQYQYQYQYFUDʜ w ࠷ۙ͸QYఔ౓

TQ w จࣈͷେ͖͞ͷ୯Ґ w ୺຤ͷϑΥϯτઃఆʹΑͬͯαΠζ͕มΘΔ

جຊతͳଐੑ

XJEUIIFJHIU w 7JFXͷ෯ɾߴ͞΋ଐੑͰࢦఆ͢Δ w ෯ android:width ɾߴ͞ android:height w
ඞਢཁૉ

XJEUIIFJHIU w ࢦఆʹ͸ࡾछྨ͋Δ w EQࢦఆ • match_parent w ਌ͷ7JFXҰഋ·Ͱ޿͕Δ •
wrap_content w ඞཁͳ෼͚ͩ޿͕Δ

XJEUIIFJHIU

QBEEJOHNBSHJO w ༨നΛઃఆ͢ΔͨΊͷଐੑ w શମ5PQ #PUUPN 4UBSU &OE ͕ઃఆͰ͖Δ
w ݹ͍୺຤Ͱ͸-FGU3JHIUʹͳΔ w ΞϥϏΞޠͳͲٯ޲͖ͷݴޠͰ΋ಉ͡ʹͳΔ

QBEEJOHNBSHJO • android:padding (Top, Bottom…) w ཁૉͷ಺ଆͷ༨ന w എܠͳͲ͸༨നʹద༻͞ΕΔ w
ΫϦοΫ͢ΔΤϦΞ΋޿͕Δ w layout_widthͳͲ͸paddingΛؚΉ

QBEEJOHNBSHJO • android:layout_margin (Top…) w ཁૉͷ֎ଆͷ༨ന w എܠͳͲ͸༨നʹద༻͞Εͳ͍ w ΫϦοΫ͢ΔΤϦΞͳͲʹؚ·Εͳ͍
w layout_widthͳͲ͸paddingΛؚ·ͳ͍

QBEEJOHNBSHJO Cite: https://www.washington.edu/accesscomputing/webd2/student/unit3/module4/lesson1.html

7JTJCJMJUZ • android:visibility • ཁૉͷදࣔɾඇදࣔઃఆ • VISIBLE: ݟ͑ΔʢσϑΥϧτʣ • INVISIBLE:
ݟ͑ͳ͍͕εϖʔε͸औΔʢಁ໌ʣ • GONE: ݟ͑ͳ͍͠εϖʔε΋औΒͳ͍ʢফڈʣ

MBZPVU@HSBWJUZ • android:layout_gravity w ਌ͷ7JFXʹରͯ͠Ͳͷ৔ॴʹஔ͔͘ • hoge|piyo ͷΑ͏ʹॎԣͷҐஔΛࢦఆ • top
/ bottom / start / end / center_horizontal / center_vertical • LinearLayout / FrameLayout ޙड़ Ͱ࢖͏

7JFX(SPVQ

7JFX(SPVQ w ෳ਺ͷ7JFXΛ಺แͰ͖Δ7JFX w .*Layoutͱ͍͏໊લ͕ଟ͍ w ·ͣ7JFX(SPVQΛઃஔ͠ɺͦͷதʹ7JFX ΛೖΕ͍ͯ͘

3FMBUJWF-BZPVU w ࢠ7JFXͷ഑ஔΛͦΕͧΕͷ7JFXͱͷ  Ґஔؔ܎Λఆٛͯ͠࢖͏ w ͜ͷ7JFXͷ্ʹɾ਌ͷ7JFXͷఈʹFUDʜ w Կ΋͠ͳ͍ͱࢠ7JFX͕ࠨ্ʹॏͳ͍ͬͯ͘ w ΧελϜ͠΍͍͕͢࢖͍উख͸ѱ͍
w ҰͭҰͭઃఆ͢Δඞཁ͕͋Δ

3FMBUJWF-BZPVU <RelativeLayout android:id=“@+id/activity_main" …> <TextView android:layout_alignParentTop=“true" android:id=“@id/piyo” …/> <TextView android:layout_below=“@+id/piyo”
…/> </RelativeLayout>

-JOFBS-BZPVU w هड़͞Εͨॱ൪ʹࢠͷ7JFXΛฒ΂Δ w “android:orientation”Ͱ޲͖Λࢦఆ • vertical / horizontal σϑΥϧτ
w ΧελϜੑ͸Լ͕Δ͕ศར

-JOFBS-BZPVU <LinearLayout android:orientation=“vertical” …> <TextView …/> <TextView …/> <ImageView …/>
<LinearLayout …/> </LinearLayout>

'SBNF-BZPVU w ॏͶΔ͜ͱʹಛԽͨ͠ϨΠΞ΢τ w ࢠ7JFXಉ࢜ͷҐஔؔ܎͸ઃఆͰ͖ͳ͍ w ਌ͷ7JFX͔ΒͷҐஔͷΈͰࢦఆ • android:layout_gravity Λ༻͍Δ
w ୯७ʹॏͶΔ͚ͩͳΒRelativeΑΓγϯϓϧ

'SBNF-BZPVU <FrameLayout …> <TextView android:layout_gravity=“top|start” …/> <RelativeLayout android:layout_gravity=“bottom|end” …/> </FrameLayout>

FrameLayout LinearLayout  (vertical) ※֤ TextView ͸ wrap_content, վߦ͸खಈͰૠೖ

͍Ζ͍Ζͳ7JFX

༷ʑͳ7JFX w TextViewจࣈΛදࣔ w EditTextจࣈೖྗཝ w ButtonϘλϯ w ImageViewը૾Λදࣔ w
RecyclerViewϦετදࣔʢޙड़ʣ

͍Ζ͍Ζͳଐੑ w 7JFXʹΑ͍ͬͯΖ͍Ζͳଐੑ͕͋Δ w ୅දతͳ΋ͷΛ঺հ͠·͢

͍Ζ͍Ζͳଐੑ • android:text / textColor / textSize w จࣈྻɾจࣈ৭ɾจࣈαΠζΛࢦఆ •
android:background w എܠͷ৭΍ը૾Λࢦఆ • android:hint w &EJU5FYUʹจࣈΛೖΕΔલͷώϯτΛઃఆ

͍Ζ͍Ζͳଐੑ • android:enabled w ϘλϯͰΫϦοΫͰ͖Δ͔Ͳ͏͔ͳͲ  • ଞʹ΋͍Ζ͍Ζ͋Δ • ࣮͸ࣗ෼Ͱ΋࡞ΕΔ •
࢖͍͍ͨ࣌ʹௐ΂͍͖ͯ·͠ΐ͏

Androidアプリを作る 第5回

Androidアプリを作る 第5回

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Androidアプリを作る第5回

Androidアプリを作る第5回