Two scoops of Django - Security Best Practices

The presentation is based on the book 「Two scoops of Django : Best Practices for Django 1.5」by Daniel Greenfeld and Audrey Roy.

Transcript

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3. I. Django Configurations II. Django Security Features III. Django Admin IV. What Else ?
4. I. Django Configurations II. Django Security Features III. Django Admin IV. What Else ?
5. Django Configurations Designate Settings DEBUG / TEMPLATE_DEBUG ALLOWED_HOSTS SECRET_KEY !
6. Django Configurations Designate Settings DEBUG / TEMPLATE_DEBUG ALLOW_HOSTS SECRET_KEY ! $ python manage.py --settings=[setting path] $ django-admin.py --settings=[setting path] $ export DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE=[setting path]
7. Django Configurations Designate Settings DEBUG / TEMPLATE_DEBUG ALLOWED_HOSTS SECRET_KEY ! DEBUG = False ! TEMPLATE_DEBUG = False
8. Django Configurations Designate Settings DEBUG / TEMPLATE_DEBUG ALLOWED_HOSTS SECRET_KEY ! # Must be set when DEBUG = False ALLOWED_HOSTS = [ 'localhost', 'www.example.com', '.example.com', '*' # Avoid ! ]
9. Django Configurations Designate Settings DEBUG / TEMPLATE_DEBUG ALLOWED_HOSTS SECRET_KEY ! ‣ Configuration values, not code. ‣ DO NOT keep them in version control. ‣ Use environment variables.
10. Django Configurations Designate Settings DEBUG / TEMPLATE_DEBUG ALLOWED_HOSTS SECRET_KEY ! ! def get_env_variable(varname): try: return os.environ[varname] except KeyError: msg = "Set the %s environment variable" % var_name raise ImporperlyConfigured(msg)
11. I. Django Configurations II. Django Security Features III. Django Admin IV. What Else ?
12. Django Security Features XSS Protection CSRF Protection Injection Protection Clickjacking Protection SSL / HTTPS Password Storage Data Validation
13. Django Security Features XSS Protection CSRF Protection Injection Protection Clickjacking Protection SSL / HTTPS Password Storage Data Validation ‣ Django by default escapes specific characters ‣ Be careful when using is_safe attribute ‣ Be very careful when storing HTML in Database
14. Django Security Features XSS Protection CSRF Protection Injection Protection Clickjacking Protection SSL / HTTPS Password Storage Data Validation
15. CSRF protection • Django CSRF Protection Workflow • CSRF Protection for AJAX Request • HTML Search Form • CsrfViewMiddleware rather than @csrf_protect • Be careful with @csrf_exempt
16. CSRF protection • Django CSRF Protection Workflow • CSRF Protection for AJAX Request • HTML Search Form • CsrfViewMiddleware rather than csrf_protect() • Be careful with csrf_exempt() ‣ Random token value by CsrfViewMiddleware (CSRF cookie) ‣ `csrf_token` template tag generate hidden input ‣ Every request calls django.middleware.csrf.get_token() ‣ Compare CSRF cookie with `csrfmiddlewaretoken` value ‣ With HTTPS, CsrfViewMiddleWare will check referer header
17. CSRF protection • Django CSRF Protection Workflow • CSRF Protection for AJAX Request • HTML Search Form • CsrfViewMiddleware rather than csrf_protect() • Be careful with csrf_exempt() ‣ Pass CSRF token as POST data with every POST request ‣ Set a custom `X-CSRFToken` header on each request ‣ CSRF cookie might not exist without `csrf_token` tag
18. CSRF protection • Django CSRF Protection Workflow • CSRF Protection for AJAX Request • HTML Search Form • CsrfViewMiddleware rather than csrf_protect() • Be careful with csrf_exempt() var origSync = Backbone.sync; Backbone.sync = function (method, model, options) { options.beforeSend = function (xhr) { xhr.setRequestHeader('X-CSRFToken', $.cookie('csrftoken')); }; ! return origSync(method, model, options); };
19. CSRF protection • Django CSRF Protection Workflow • CSRF Protection for AJAX Request • HTML Search Form • CsrfViewMiddleware rather than @csrf_protect • Be careful with @csrf_exempt
20. CSRF protection • Django CSRF Protection Workflow • CSRF Protection for AJAX Request • HTML Search Form • CsrfViewMiddleware rather than @csrf_protect • Be careful with @csrf_exempt
21. CSRF protection • Django CSRF Protection Workflow • CSRF Protection for AJAX Request • HTML Search Form • CsrfViewMiddleware rather than @csrf_protect • Be careful with @csrf_exempt
22. Django Security Features XSS Protection CSRF Protection Injection Protection Clickjacking Protection SSL / HTTPS Password Storage Data Validation
23. Injection protection • Script Injection • SQL Injection
24. Injection protection • Script Injection • SQL Injection ‣Beware of the eval(), exec() and execfile() ‣DO NOT use `pickle` module to serialize/deserialize data. ‣Only use safe_load() in PyYAML
25. Injection protection • Script Injection • SQL Injection ‣ Django Queryset escape varaibles automatically ‣ Be careful to escape raw SQL properly ‣ Exercise caution when using extra()
26. Django Security Features XSS Protection CSRF Protection Injection Protection Clickjacking Protection SSL / HTTPS Password Storage Data Validation
27. Clickjacking protection • `X-Frame-Options` HTTP header • Configurations • @xframe_options_exempt • Browsers Support
28. Clickjacking protection • `X-Frame-Options` HTTP header • Configurations • @xframe_options_exempt • Browsers Support Whether or not a resource is allowed to load within a frame or iframe
29. Clickjacking protection • `X-Frame-Options` HTTP header • Configurations • @xframe_options_exempt • Browsers Support MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = ( ... 'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware', ... )
30. Clickjacking protection • `X-Frame-Options` HTTP header • Configurations • @xframe_options_exempt • Browsers Support # Default X_FRAME_OPTIONS = 'SAMEORIGIN' ! X_FRAME_OPTIONS = 'DENY'
31. Clickjacking protection • `X-Frame-Options` HTTP header • Configurations • @xframe_options_exempt • Browsers Support
32. Clickjacking protection • `X-Frame-Options` HTTP header • Configurations • @xframe_options_exempt • Browsers Support ‣ Internet Explorer 8+ ‣ Firefox 3.6.9+ ‣ Opera 10.5+ ‣ Safari 4+ ‣ Chrome 4.1+
33. Django Security Features XSS Protection CSRF Protection Injection Protection Clickjacking Protection SSL / HTTPS Password Storage Data Validation
34. SSL / HTTPS • HTTPS Everywhere ! • Secure Cookies • HSTS • Packages
35. SSL / HTTPS • HTTPS Everywhere ! • Secure Cookies • HSTS • Packages ‣ Web server configuration ‣ Django middleware ‣ SSL certificate from reputable source
36. SSL / HTTPS • HTTPS Everywhere ! • Secure Cookies • HSTS • Packages SECURE_PROXY_SSL_HEADER = False ! $ export HTTPS=on
37. SSL / HTTPS • HTTPS Everywhere ! • Secure Cookies • HSTS • Packages SESSION_COOKIE_SECURE = True ! CSRF_COOKIE_SECURE = True
38. SSL / HTTPS • HTTPS Everywhere ! • Secure Cookies • HSTS • Packages ‣Redirect HTTP links to HTTPS ‣Web server level configuration ‣HSTS-compliant browsers
39. SSL / HTTPS • HTTPS Everywhere ! • Secure Cookies • HSTS • Packages Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000, includeSubDomains
40. SSL / HTTPS • HTTPS Everywhere ! • Secure Cookies • HSTS • Packages ‣ django-sslify ‣ django-secure ‣ django-hstsmiddleware
41. Django Security Features XSS Protection CSRF Protection Injection Protection Clickjacking Protection SSL / HTTPS Password Storage Data Validation
42. Password Storage • PBKDF2 + SHA256 • User.password • PASSWORD_HASHER • Use bcrypt • Increase work factor
43. Password Storage • PBKDF2 + SHA256 • User.password • PASSWORD_HASHER • Use bcrypt • Increase work factor
44. Password Storage • PBKDF2 + SHA256 • User.password • PASSWORD_HASHER • Use bcrypt • Increase work factor <algorithm>$<iteration>$<salt>$<hash>
45. Password Storage • PBKDF2 + SHA256 • User.password • PASSWORD_HASHER • Use bcrypt • Increase work factor PASSWORD_HASHERS = ( 'django.contrib.auth.hashers.PBKDF2PasswordHasher', 'django.contrib.auth.hashers.PBKDF2SHA1PasswordHasher', 'django.contrib.auth.hashers.BCryptSHA256PasswordHasher', 'django.contrib.auth.hashers.BCryptPasswordHasher', 'django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher', 'django.contrib.auth.hashers.MD5PasswordHasher', 'django.contrib.auth.hashers.UnsaltedSHA1PasswordHasher', 'django.contrib.auth.hashers.UnsaltedMD5PasswordHasher', 'django.contrib.auth.hashers.CryptPasswordHasher', )
46. Password Storage • PBKDF2 + SHA256 • User.password • PASSWORD_HASHER • bcrypt • Increase work factor
47. Password Storage • PBKDF2 + SHA256 • User.password • PASSWORD_HASHER • Use bcrypt • Increase work factor
48. Django Security Features XSS Protection CSRF Protection Injection Protection Clickjacking Protection SSL / HTTPS Password Storage Data Validation
49. Data Validation • Django Forms • User-Uploaded Content
50. Data Validation • Django Forms • User-Uploaded Content ‣ Designed to validate Python dictionaries ‣ Not only for HTTP POST request ‣ DO NOT use ModelForms.Meta.exclude ‣ Use ModelForms.Meta.fields instead
51. Data Validation • Django Forms • User-Uploaded Content from django import forms from .models import Store ! class StoreForm(forms.ModelForm): ! class Meta: model = Store # Don't Do this!! excludes = ("pk", "slug", "modified")
52. Data Validation • Django Forms • User-Uploaded Content from django import forms from .models import Store ! class StoreForm(forms.ModelForm): ! class Meta: model = Store # Explicitly specifying what we want fields = ("title", "address", "email")
53. Data Validation • Django Forms • User-Uploaded Content ‣ Limit upload in web server ‣ FileField / ImageField ‣ python-magic ‣ Validate with specific file type library
54. Data Validation • Django Forms • User-Uploaded Content from django.utils.image import Image ! try: Image.open(file).verify() except Exception: # Pillow (or PIL) doesn't recognize it as an image. six.reraise(ValidationError, ValidationError( self.error_messages['invalid_image'], code='invalid_image', ), sys.exc_info()[2])
55. I. Django Configurations II. Django Security Features III. Django Admin IV. What Else ?
56. Django Admin Change the Default Admin URL Access Admin via HTTPS Limited Access Based on IP Use `allow_tags` attribute with Caution Admin Docs Packages
57. Django Admin Change the Default Admin URL Access Admin via HTTPS Limited Access Based on IP Use `allow_tags` attribute with Caution Admin Docs Packages
58. Django Admin Change the Default Admin URL Access Admin via HTTPS Limited Access Based on IP Use `allow_tags` attribute with Caution Admin Docs Packages
59. Django Admin Change the Default Admin URL Access Admin via HTTPS Limited Access Based on IP Use `allow_tags` attribute with Caution Admin Docs Packages ‣ Web server configuration ‣ Django middleware
60. Django Admin Change the Default Admin URL Access Admin via HTTPS Limited Access Based on IP Use `allow_tags` attribute with Caution Admin Docs Packages
61. Django Admin Change the Default Admin URL Access Admin via HTTPS Limited Access Based on IP Use `allow_tags` attribute with Caution Admin Docs Packages
62. Django Admin Change the Default Admin URL Access Admin via HTTPS Limited Access Based on IP Use `allow_tags` attribute with Caution Admin Docs Packages ‣ django-admin-honeypot ‣ django-axes
63. I. Django Configurations II. Django Security Features III. Django Admin IV. What Else ?
64. What else ? Harden your servers NEVER store credit card data Server monitoring Vulnerability reporting page Keep things up-to-date
65. What else ? Harden your servers NEVER store credit card data Server monitoring Vulnerability reporting page Keep things up-to-date
66. What else ? Harden your servers NEVER store credit card data Server monitoring Vulnerability reporting page Keep things up-to-date ‣ PCI-DSS Security Standards ‣ Sufficient Time/Resource/Funds ‣ Using 3rd-Party Services ‣ Beware of Open Source Solutions
67. What else ? Harden your servers NEVER store credit card data Server monitoring Vulnerability reporting page Keep things up-to-date ‣ Check access/error logs regularly ‣ Install monitoring tools
68. What else ? Harden your servers NEVER store credit card data Server monitoring Vulnerability reporting page Keep things up-to-date
69. What else ? Harden your servers NEVER store credit card data Server monitoring Vulnerability reporting page Keep things up-to-date
70. What else ? Harden your servers NEVER store credit card data Server monitoring Vulnerability reporting page Keep things up-to-date
71. What else ? Harden your servers NEVER store credit card data Server monitoring Vulnerability reporting page Keep things up-to-date
72. What else ? Harden your servers NEVER store credit card data Server monitoring Vulnerability reporting page Keep things up-to-date
73. Keep Things Up-to-Date • Dependencies • Security Practices
74. Keep Things Up-to-Date • Dependencies • Security Practices https://www.djangoproject.com/weblog/
75. Keep Things Up-to-Date • Dependencies • Security Practices
76. Keep Things Up-to-Date • Dependencies • Security Practices
77. Keep Things Up-to-Date • Dependencies • Security Practices
78. Thank You