Introduction to OVM

Transcript

1. !1 *OUSPEVDUJPO
   UP
   07. (FOFSBMJ[FE
   0⒎DIBJO
   -BZFS 5BLBNJDIJ
   5TVUTVNJ

2. "HFOEB എܠ •L1ͱL2 •PlasmaͱStateChannel •Fraud ProofͱValidity Proof ՝୊ •L2ͰΞϓϦέʔγϣϯΛ࡞Δ՝୊ײ OVM

   ◦ίϯηϓτ ◦ه๏ ◦Ұ֊ड़ޠ࿦ཧ ◦StateChannelͷྫ ◦ΞʔΩςΫνϟ • CryptoeconomicsLab • References !2

3. *OUSPEVDUJPO •૝ఆର৅
 L2ͷઐ໳ՈͰ͋Δඞཁͳ͠ɻEthereumؔ࿈ͷ։ൃΛ΍ͬͨ͜ͱ͕͋Δɻ
 Scalingͷ໰୊͸ೝࣝ͸͍ͯ͠Δ͕ɺ໌֬ͳղܾ๏ͱͯ͠ͷL2Λೝ͍ࣝͯ͠ΔΘ͚Ͱ͸ͳ͍ɻ
 Plasma, StateChannel೉ͦ͠͏ͱײ͍ͯ͡Δɻ
 •ΰʔϧ
 L2ͰDAppΛ࡞Δͱ͍͏͜ͱ͕Ͳ͏͍͏͜ͱ͔ͳΜͱͳ͘Θ͔Δɻ
 OVMͷ֓೦Λܰ͘ཧղ͢ΔɻOVMͰL2DAppΛ࡞ͬͯΈ͍ͨͱࢥ͏ɻ
 •ԿΛ࿩͔͢ɾԿΛ࿩͞ͳ͍͔


   ࿩͢͜ͱ: Plasma, StateChannelͳͲͷLayer2 SolutionΛҰൠԽ͢Δ֓೦Ͱ͋ΔOVMʹ͍ͭͯ,
 L2 Application։ൃ͕͜Ε͔ΒͲ͏ͳ͍͔ͬͯ͘ɻ
 ࿩͞ͳ͍͜ͱ: ࣮ࡍʹApplicationΛ࡞ΔνϡʔτϦΞϧతͳ͜ͱ, ۩ମతͳ࣮૷ͷ͸ͳ͠, ϓϩάϥϛϯάͷ࿩ !3

4. !4 07.ͱ͸ɺ-Λந৅Խͨ֓͠೦Ͱ͋Δɻ1MBTNB΋4UBUF
   $IBOOFM΋ѻ͑Δɻ

5. #BDLHSPVOE !5

6. -ͱ- • -ͱ͸ɺ&UIFSFVNͷ4DBMBCJMJUZ໰୊ʹରͯ͠ɺUY TUBUF
   VQEBUF Λ-ͷ֎Ͱߦ͍ɺ͋ͱ͔Β -ʹ൓өͤ͞Δͱ͍͏ΞϓϩʔνɻSFG
   <>
   • 1MBTNB
   4UBUF$IBOOFMͳͲͷσβΠϯ͕͋Δɻ !6

7. 4UBUF
   $IBOOFM • ͋ΔϢʔβʔͷू߹͕DPJOΛMPDLͯ͠ɺ
 ͦͷϢʔβʔؒͰͷ4UBUF6QEBUFΛ
 ΦϑνΣʔϯͷϝοηʔδަ׵ʹΑͬͯߦ͏ɻ
 ϢʔβʔؒͰ߹ҙͨ͠࠷৽ͷ4UBUF͕&YJUͰ͖Δɻ
 SFG
   <
   > !7

8. 1MBTNB • 4UBUF6QEBUFΛߦ͏$IJME$IBJO͕0QFSBUPSͱ͍͏໾ׂͷਓʹΑͬͯӡ༻͞ΕΔɻ0QFSBUPS ͕1MBTNB্ͰͷUYΛूΊͯ·ͱΊ-ʹఏग़͓ͯ͘͜͠ͱͰɺ֤$MJFOU͕ਖ਼͘͠&YJUͰ͖Δ ػ ձଛࣦΛআ͘ଛΛ͠ͳ͍ Α͏ͳ࢓૊Έ͕͋ΔɻSFG<
   
   > !8

9. %JTQVUF
   ฆ૪ • -ͷιϦϡʔγϣϯͰ͸ɺෆਖ਼ͳ&YJUʹରͯͦ͠Ε͸ෆ౰ͳ&YJUͰ͋Δͱ͍͏ҟٞਃཱ͠ ͯ %JTQVUF ͕Ͱ͖ͳ͚Ε͹ͳΒͳ͍ɻ
   • ྫ͑͹ɺ1MBTNBͷ0QFSBUPS͕ෆ౰ʹଠ࿠ͷ͓ۚΛ&YJU͠Α͏ͱͨ͠Βɺଠ࿠͸ͦΕʹର ͯ͠ҟٞਃཱͯ͠Ͱ͖Δɻ

   !9 ֆ

10. 'SBVE
    1SPPGͱ7BMJEJUZ
    1SPPG • 'SBVE
    1SPPG
    
    ෆਖ਼ͳ4UBUFʹରͯͦ͠Ε͕ෆਖ਼Ͱ͋Δͱ͍͏ূڌΛఏग़͢Δɻෆਖ਼ͳ4UBUF͕ FYJU͞Εͨͱ͖ʹͷΈߦ͑͹Α͍ɻ*OUFSBDUJWFͳ΍ΓऔΓ͕ඞཁͱͳΔɻ
    • 7BMJEJUZ
    1SPPG
    
    ਖ਼͍͠4UBUFʹ͍ͨͯͦ͠Ε͕ਖ਼͍͠ͱ͍͏ূڌΛఏग़͢Δɻ4UBUF
    VEQBUF ͷͨͼߦ͏ඞཁ͕͋Δɻఏग़͢Ε͹PLɻSFG
    <>
    • 4UBUF
    $IBOOFM
    1MBTNB͸&YJU࣌ʹฆ૪ظؒ

    %JTQVUF
    QFSJPE Λઃ͚ͯɺ'SBVE1SPPGʹΑΔ ݕূΛߦ͏ɻ%JTQVUF
    QFSJPE͕͗͢Ε͹ɺਖ਼͘͠ͳ͘ͳ͍͜ͱ͕ূ໌͞Εͨ͜ͱʹͳΔɻ !10

11. 1SPCMFN !11

12. -ͰΞϓϦέʔγϣϯΛ࡞Δʁ • 1MBTNB
    4UBUF
    $IBOOFMͳͲͷσβΠϯ4QFDJpDͳ࣮૷͕ඞཁ
    • &YJU
    HBNFͷઃܭɾ࣮૷
    • 4FDVSFͳઃܭɾ࣮૷ͷ೉͠͞
    • 4NBSU
    $POUSBDU

    
    $MJFOU
    'SPOUFOE
    FUD !12

13. 07. !13

14. $PODFQU • 0QUJNJTUJD
    7JSUVBM
    .BDIJOF
    07.
    ݄ʹ1MBTNB
    (SPVQʹΑͬͯఏএ͞ΕͨɻSFG
    < >
    • -ͷ'SBVE1SPPGʹΑΔ%JTQVUFΛந৅Խ͍ͯ͠Δ֓೦ɻ
    • ͋Δ໋୊

    1SPQFSUZ ͕ਖ਼͍͜͠ͱ͕ϩʔΧϧ P⒎DIBJO ৘ใʹΑͬͯอূͰ͖Δ͜ͱ͕-ͷຊ ࣭Ͱ͋Δͱ͍͏ߟ͑ํɻ
    • -ͷ%JTQVUFΛந৅Խ͢ΔͨΊͷه๏ ड़ޠ࿦ཧͰͷهड़ Λఏএ !14

15. Ұ֊ड़ޠ࿦ཧ • Α͋͘Δ໋୊࿦ཧ ଠ࿠͸ਓؒͩ ʹྔͷ֓೦ΛՃ͑ͨ΋ͷɻ
    • 07.Ͱ͸Ұ֊ड़ޠ࿦ཧͰ1SPQFSUZΛهड़͢Δɻ
    • Ұ֊ड़ޠ࿦ཧͰ͸ʮ͢΂ͯͷYʹ͍ͭͯZͰ͋Δʯɺʮ͋ΔYʹରͯ͠ZͰ͋ΔʯͷΑ͏ͳ໋୊͕ ѻ͑ΔɻSFG
    <>

    !15

16. Ұ֊ड़ޠ࿦ཧ • શশྔԽه߸
    VOJWFSTBM
    RVBOUJpFS
    • ྫ
    ͢΂ͯͷೣ͸ՄѪ͍
    • 
    ՄѪ͘ͳ͍ೣΛূڌͱͯ͠ఏग़͢Ε͹൱ఆ Ͱ͖Δ

    !16 • ଘࡏྔԽه߸
    FYJTUFOUJBM
    RVBOUJpFS
    • ྫ
    ͋Δೣʹ͸ཌྷ͕ੜ͍͑ͯΔ
    • 
    ཌྷͷੜ͑ͨೣΛূڌͱͯ͠ఏग़͢Ε͹ূ໌ Ͱ͖Δ ՄѪ͘ͳ͍ೣ ཌྷͷੜ͑ͨೣ

17. 1SPQFSUZͷهड़ྫ
    4UBUF
    $IBOOFMͷ&YJU 1.ଠ࿠ͱՖࢠ͕ͦΕͧΕ10ETHΛϩοΫͨ͠channelΛ։͍ͨɻ 2.ଠ࿠͕2ETHΛՖࢠʹૹΔϝοηʔδΛ࡞Γɺॺ໊ͯ͠Ֆࢠʹ ૹͬͨɻ 3.Ֆࢠ͸ଠ࿠͔ΒૹΒΕ͖ͯͨϝοηʔδΛ֬ೝ͠ɺͦΕʹॺ໊͠ ͯೋਓͷॺ໊෇͖ͷϝοηʔδΛૹΓฦͨ͠ɻՖࢠ͸ೋਓͷॺ໊ ෇͖ͷϝοηʔδΛࣗ෼ͷखݩʹ΋ίϐʔͯ͠ͱ͓ͬͯ͘ɻ 4.྆ऀ͸2, 3Λ܁Γฦͯ͠channel্ͰࢿۚͷҠಈΛؾ͕ࡁΉ·Ͱ ܁Γฦͨ͠ɻ

    5.΍ΓऔΓ͕ऴΘͬͨΒɺ࠷ޙʹ΍ΓऔΓͨ͠ͷ྆ऀͷॺ໊෇͖ ϝοηʔδΛ࢖ͬͯchannel͔Βexit͢Δɻ 6.΋͠exit͠Α͏ͱͨ͠ϝοηʔδ͕࠷৽ͷ΋ͷͰ͸ͳ͍৔߹ɺ΋ ͏ยํ͸ຊ෺ͷ࠷৽ͷϝοηʔδΛఏग़͢Δ͜ͱʹΑͬͯͦͷ exitΛΩϟϯηϧͰ͖Δɻ •ϝοηʔδʹ͸nonce(࿈൪)Λ;͓ͬͯ͘͜ͱʹΑͬͯ৽͠͞Λ දݱ͢Δͱ͢Δ !17

18. 1SPQFSUZͷهड़ྫ
    4UBUF
    $IBOOFMͷ&YJU • ͜ͷͱ͖ɺ͋ΔϝοηʔδͰFYJU͢Δͱ͖ʹඞཁͳQSPQFSUZΛҎԼͷΑ͏ʹఆٛ͢Δɻ !18 FYJU͍ͨ͠ϝοηʔδͷOPODF͕OͰ͋Δͱ͖ɺ
    O͕྆ऀͷॺ໊Λ͍࣋ͬͯΔϝοηʔδͷOPODFͷ͏ͪ࠷େͷ஋Ͱ͋Δ͜ͱɻ • ͜Ε͸ɺଘࡏྔԽࢠΛ༻͍ΔҎԼͷ໋୊ͷ൱ఆͱͯ͠هड़Ͱ͖Δɻ • ·ͨɺશশྔԽࢠΛ༻͍ΔͱҎԼͷΑ͏ʹهड़Ͱ͖Δɻ

    FYJU͍ͨ͠ϝοηʔδͷOPODF͕OͰ͋Δͱ͖ɺ
    OΑΓେ͖͍OPODFΛ࣋ͭɺ྆ऀͷॺ໊Λ΋ͭϝοηʔδ͕ଘࡏ͢Δɻ FYJU͍ͨ͠ϝοηʔδͷOPODF͕OͰ͋Δͱ͖ɺ
    ͢΂ͯͷOΑΓେ͖͍OPODFΛ࣋ͭϝοηʔδ͸྆ऀͷॺ໊Λ΋͍ͬͯͳ͍ɻ

19. 1SPQFSUZͷهड़ྫ
    4UBUF
    $IBOOFMͷ&YJU !19 FYJU͍ͨ͠ϝοηʔδͷOPODF͕OͰ͋Δͱ͖ɺ
    ͢΂ͯͷOΑΓେ͖͍OPODFΛ࣋ͭϝοηʔδ͸྆ऀͷॺ໊Λ΋͍ͬͯͳ͍ɻ • ͜ͷ1SPQFSUZ͕ਖ਼͍͠ͱೝΊΒΕͨΒOPODF
    O
    ͷTUBUFΛFYJU͢Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δɻ
    • ଠ࿠ɾՖࢠͷ྆ऀ͸O Ҏ্ͷOPODFΛ࣋ͭ྆ऀͷॺ໊͖ͭͷϝοηʔδΛఏग़͢Δ͜ͱͰ͜ ͷ1SPQFSUZΛغ٫͢Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δɻ
    

    • ಉ༷ʹɺ1MBTNBͷ&YJU
    1SPQFSUZ΋Ұ֊ड़ޠ࿦ཧͰͷهड़͕Մೳɻ ׂѪ <>
    • ͜ΕʹΑΓ-ͷ౷Ұతͳهड़͕Ͱ͖ΔΑ͏ʹͳͬͨ

20. 07.Ͱ"QQMJDBUJPOΛ࡞Δͱ͸Ͳ͏͍͏͜ͱ͔ • 07.ʹ͓͍ͯ͸1SPQFSUZΛઃܭ͢Δ͜ͱ͕ͦ͜"QQMJDBUJPO
    %FWFMPQFSͷॏཁͳ໾ׂͱͳ Δɻ
    • -ͷ$MJFOU͸ɺ͋Δ1SPQFSUZ͕ਖ਼͍͠ͱ͍͏͜ͱΛূ໌͢ΔͨΊͷσʔλΛ΍ΓऔΓͨ͠Γ ͢Δ΋ͷɻ
    • ͜ͷεΩʔϜʹैͬͯ1SPQFSUZ΍$MJFOUΛઃܭɺ࣮૷͢Ε͹-্ͰΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ։ൃ͕ Ͱ͖ΔΑ͏ʹͳΔɻ

    !20

21. ΞʔΩςΫνϟ • -ͱͷͭͳ͗໨͸ந৅Խ͞ΕΔ Ͳ͏΍ͬͯ -PDL͞ΕΔ͔ɺͲ͏΍ͬͯQSPQFSUZ͕ਖ਼͠ ͍ਖ਼͘͠ͳ͍ͱܾΊΒΕΔ͔
    • -͔Β-΁ͲΜͳTUBUF͕FYJUͰ͖ΔΑ͏ʹ ͢Δ͔͸։ൃऀ͕ߟ͑ΒΕΔ
    

    • -ͰͷDMJFOUؒͷ΍ΓͱΓ
    ҰൠతͳϢʔε έʔεͷ΋ͷ 4UBUF
    DIBOOFM΍1MBTNBͳͲ ͸ڞ௨Ͱ࢖͑Δ΋ͷ͕Ͱ͖Δ
    • ։ൃऀ͕'SPOUFOE։ൃʹूதͰ͖ΔͨΊͷ TEL͕Ͱ͖Δ
    SFG
    <> !21

22. ࢲୡ͕΍͍ͬͯΔ͜ͱ 07.ʹଇͬͯ-ͰΞϓϦέʔγϣϯΛ؆ ୯ʹ͔ͭॊೈʹ։ൃͰ͖ΔͨΊʹఏڙ͞Ε Δ΂͖΋ͷɾ͜ͱ͢΂ͯΛ४උ͢Δɻ
    •ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ
    ઈࢍߏ૝த
    •1SPQFSUZهड़ͷͨΊͷݴޠ
    ઈࢍ։ൃத
    

    •$MJFOU
    GPS
    1MBTNBڞ௨࣮૷
    ઈࢍ࣮૷த
    •'SPOUFOE
    TEL
    ઈࢍઃܭத
    •FUD !22

23. !23 07.Λ࢖͏ͱɺ͜Ε·Ͱ։ൃ͍ͯͨ͠4DBMBCJMJUZͷ໰୊Λղܾͨ͠#MPDLDIBJO
    "QQMJDBUJPOΛ
    ؆୯ʹ։ൃ͢Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖ΔΑ͏ʹͳΔɻ

24. $SZQUPFDPOPNJDT-BC (JUIVC
    IUUQTHJUIVCDPNDSZQUPFDPOPNJDTMBC
    5FMFHSBN
    IUUQTUNFQMBTNBRBOEB
    .FEJVN
    IUUQTNFEJVNDPNDSZQUPFDPOPNJDTMBC
    5XJUUFS
    IUUQTUXJUUFSDPNDSZQUPFDPOMBC !24

25. 3FGFSFODFT L2 • [0] https://media.consensys.net/the-state-of-ethereum-layer-2-protocol-development-2-f22b2603abd6 Plasma • [1] https://ethresear.ch/t/minimal-viable-plasma/426 •

    [2] https://www.learnplasma.org/en/ • [3] https://karl.tech/plasma-cash-simple-spec/ StateChannel • [4] https://education.district0x.io/general-topics/understanding-ethereum/basics-state-channels/ • [5] https://l4.ventures/papers/statechannels.pdf RollUp • [6] https://github.com/barryWhiteHat/roll_up FraudProofɾValidityProof • [7] https://medium.com/starkware/validity-proofs-vs-fraud-proofs-4ef8b4d3d87a OVM • [8] https://medium.com/plasma-group/introducing-the-ovm-db253287af50 • [9] https://medium.com/plasma-group/the-ovm-s-your-scaling-solution-state-channel-edition-ed13de56e249 • [10] https://medium.com/cryptoeconomics-lab/cel-development-direction-to-the-greater-abstraction-6860f87ce0eb • [11] https://github.com/plasma-group/pigi • [12] https://github.com/plasma-group/ovm • [13] https://github.com/cryptoeconomicslab/plasma-rust-framework • [14] https://github.com/cryptoeconomicslab/plasma-rust-framework/issues/162 ड़ޠ࿦ཧ • [15] https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ұ֊ड़ޠ࿦ཧ !25