CELES 2019 石川大会 川村拓也

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1. ӳޠڭһཆ੒՝ఔͷֶੜʹΑΔ ର࿩తͳӳจ๏ͷֶͼɿ ୯७ݱࡏܗͷೝ஌จ๏త෼ੳΛ଍ֻ͔Γͱͯ͠ ੩Ԭେֶ म࢜՝ఔ (University of Birmingham: MA Applied Linguistics) ઒ଜ ୓໵
2. ຊ࣮ફใࠂͷྲྀΕ 1. ӳޠڭࢣͱֶߍӳจ๏ɾڭҭӳจ๏ 2. ୯७ݱࡏܗͷೝ஌จ๏త෼ੳ 3. ࣮ફͷதͰͷֶशऀͷ൓Ԡ
3. ຊ࣮ફͷཁ఺ ӳޠڭһͱͯ͠ͷจ๏؍ɾݴޠ؍ͷᔻཆ ର࿩తͳӳจ๏ͷֶͼ จ๏ͷ༳Β͗΁ͷؾ͖ͮ ೝ஌จ๏ͷ஌ݟʹجͮ͘Ծઆੜ੒తֶͼ
4. จ๏ཧ࿦ͱڭҭӳจ๏ (Stern, 1992; ࿱ཧ, 2012) ۩ମతڭࡐɾจ๏ࢦಋɾจ๏γϥόε ӳޠͷڭҭจ๏ɾڭࢣ޲͚ͷจ๏ ݴޠֶతจ๏ɿӳޠͷแׅతهड़ ӳޠʹ͍ͭͯͷݴޠֶతݚڀ ݴޠҰൠʹؔ͢Δจ๏ཧ࿦ Ϩϕϧ5 Ϩϕϧ4 Ϩϕϧ3 Ϩϕϧ2 Ϩϕϧ1
5. จ๏ཧ࿦ͱڭҭӳจ๏ (Stern, 1992; ࿱ཧ, 2012) ۩ମతڭࡐɾจ๏ࢦಋɾจ๏γϥόε ӳޠͷڭҭจ๏ɾڭࢣ޲͚ͷจ๏ ݴޠֶతจ๏ɿӳޠͷแׅతهड़ ӳޠʹ͍ͭͯͷݴޠֶతݚڀ ݴޠҰൠʹؔ͢Δจ๏ཧ࿦ ཧ࿦తߟ࡯ͷෆ଍ ݴޠֶతจ๏ͱ จ๏ࢦಋͷ࣮ફ Λͭͳ͙໾ׂ ӳจ๏ڭҭͷ಺༰ͱํ๏Λڭࢣ͕ࣗओతʹ૑ग़͍ͯ͘͠ (খࢁ಺, 1981)
6. ӳޠڭࢣͱӳจ๏ Chalker (1994) ͨͬͨҰͭͷʮਖ਼͍͠ʯઆ໌͕ଘࡏ͢Δͱ৴ ͍ͯ͡Δɽ ରཱ͢Δࣄ࣮͕͋Γͳ͕Β΋ɼϧʔϧΛແ൷ ൑ʹड͚ೖΕΔɽ ߏ଄ओٛతʹ͔͠จ๏Λଊ͍͑ͯͳ͍ڭࢣ͸ɼ จ๏͕ҙຯΛ࣋ͭ͜ͱΛ૝ఆ͍ͯ͠ͳ͍ɽ
7. ӳޠڭࢣͱӳจ๏ Leech (1994) ֎ࠃޠڭࢣ͸ੜెʹڭ͑Δ΋ͷΑΓ΋ߴ౓ͳจ๏ ஌ࣝΛ͍࣋ͬͯΔ΂͖Ͱ͋Δɽ ௚ઢతʹ஌ࣝΛੵΈ্͍͛ͯ͘ͷͰ͸ͳ͘ɼط༗ ͷ஌ࣝΛ܁Γฦ͠ࢀর͠ɼൃలͤ͞ɼ৽͍͠஌ࣝ ͱؔ࿈෇͚ͳ͕Β॥؀ൃలతʹֶͿ͜ͱ͕๬·͠ ͍ɽ ओମతʹɼ۩ମతͳӳจ͔Βจ๏نଇΛؼೲతʹ ൃݟ͢ΔΑ͏ͳจ๏ֶश͕ඞཁɽ
8. ୯७ݱࡏ੍࣌ ݱࡏͷঢ়ଶΛද͢ɽ աڈɾະདྷ΁ͷ֦ு Ұൠతݪཧ ݱࡏͷश׳Λද͢ɽ ಈ࡞ಈࢺΛ൐͏৔߹͸Ұൠతݪཧɾश׳Ҏ֎ͳͲɼ ಛघͳղऍ͕ඞཁͱͳΔɽ Leech & Svartvik (1975)
9. ୯७ݱࡏ੍࣌ͷಛघͳҙຯ She comes back to Japan on September 15th. (ະདྷ) The ten o’clock news says that it’s going to be cold. (աڈ) If it snows in Tokyo, there will be chaos around the city. (࣌ɾ৚݅) May and opposition leader agree to TV debate over Brexit. (৽ฉͷݟग़͠) Messi bursts into the box. (εϙʔπͷ࣮گ) Horatio, Barnardo and Marcellus find Hamlet alone and tell him about the Ghost. He agrees to watch with them that night. (ܶͷ୆ຊ)
10. ಈ࡞ಈࢺͷ୯७ݱࡏ੍࣌Λ Մೳʹ͢Δೝ஌ϝΧχζϜ 1. ಈࢺ͸ಈ࡞ಈࢺ͕ͩɼࣄଶΛඇಈ࡞ తͳ΋ͷͱͯ͠࿩ऀ͕ଊ͑Δ 2. ࿩ऀ͕ී௨Ͱ͸ͳ͍ࢹ఺ΛऔΔ
11. ಈ࡞ಈࢺͷ୯७ݱࡏ੍࣌Λ Մೳʹ͢Δೝ஌ϝΧχζϜ 1. ಈࢺ͸ಈ࡞ಈࢺ͕ͩɼࣄଶΛඇಈ࡞ తͳ΋ͷͱͯ͠࿩ऀ͕ଊ͑Δ 2. ࿩ऀ͕ී௨Ͱ͸ͳ͍ࢹ఺ΛऔΔ
12. 1. ࣄଶͷඇಈ࡞తͳଊ͑ ܧଓੑɾ܁Γฦ͕͠૝ఆ͞ΕΔ The Structured World Model ద੾ͳ࣌ʹඞͣى͖Δ͜ͱ ੈքͷߏ଄ͷڐ͢தͰى͜ΓಘΔ͜ͱ ɹɹ → श׳ɾҰൠɾීวతݱࡏ੍࣌ ͔࣌ؒ࣠Βͷ཭୤ • ͍ͭͰ΋͍͍ܗ • ܁Γฦ͠ܗ
13. The Structured World Model ͋ΔҰఆͷ݁Ռʹ݁ͼͭͨ͘Ίͷ͜ͱͷӡ ͼํ͕ଘࡏ͢Δɽ ˠ આ໌ॻɾϨγϐɾಓॱɾܶͷ୆ຊ ͜ΕΒ͸ೝ஌ओମͷࢹ఺͔Βߏ੒͞ΕΔɽ ɹɹ ˠ طʹنఆ͞Ε͍ͯΔ༧ఆ
14. ಈ࡞ಈࢺͷ୯७ݱࡏ੍࣌Λ Մೳʹ͢Δೝ஌ϝΧχζϜ 1. ಈࢺ͸ಈ࡞ಈࢺ͕ͩɼࣄଶΛඇಈ࡞ తͳ΋ͷͱͯ͠࿩ऀ͕ଊ͑Δ 2. ࿩ऀ͕ී௨Ͱ͸ͳ͍ࢹ఺ΛऔΔ
15. 2. ೝ஌ओମͷࢹ఺ͷҠಈ ঢ়گΛ࣮ࡍͱ͸ҟͳΔࢹ఺͔Βೝ஌ ͢Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ ʮ૭ΛྲྀΕΔ֗ฒΈ͸…ʯ
16. աڈͷࣄଶΛද͢୯७ݱࡏ੍࣌ E ൃ࿩࣌ (ݱࡏ) աڈ੍࣌ E ൃ࿩࣌ (ݱࡏ) ݱࡏ੍࣌ ਐߦܗͰ͸ʁ
17. աڈͷࣄଶΛද͢୯७ݱࡏ੍࣌ աڈͷهԱ ࣄଶͷશମ૾ E ಄ͷதͷө૾ͷ࠶ੜ
18. ࣄଶͷશମ૾Λଊ͑ͨ୯७ݱࡏ੍࣌ ৽ฉ౳ͷݟग़͠ өըɾυϥϚ౳ͷ͋Β͢͡ εϙʔπͷ࣮گ ࿩ऀͷ಄ͷதͰγʔϯ͕Πϝʔδ͞ΕΔ Ծఆ৚݅ ࿩ऀͷ಄ͷதͰԾͷঢ়گ͕Πϝʔδ͞ΕΔ
19. ಈ࡞ಈࢺͷ୯७ݱࡏ੍࣌Λ Մೳʹ͢Δೝ஌ϝΧχζϜ 1. ಈࢺ͸ಈ࡞ಈࢺ͕ͩɼࣄଶΛඇಈ࡞ తͳ΋ͷͱͯ͠࿩ऀ͕ଊ͑Δ 2. ࿩ऀ͕ී௨Ͱ͸ͳ͍ࢹ఺ΛऔΔ ೝ஌ओମͷ಄ͷதͰ Ұͭͷ·ͱ·Γͱͯ͠ ݻఆԽ͞Εͨ஌ࣝɾΠϝʔδ
20. ࣮ફͷ֓ཁ ର৅: ੩Ԭେֶڭҭֶ෦ӳޠՊ9໊ 
 ɹɹɹɹɹɹɹɹ(1೥ੜ1໊, 2೥ੜ7໊, 5೥ੜ1໊) तۀ࣌ؒ: 60෼ ໨ඪ: ୯७ݱࡏ੍࣌ͷੑ࣭ʹؔ͢Δೝ஌จ๏ͷߟ͑ํ Λɼର࿩తʹԾઆΛੜ੒ɾ֦ு͠ͳ͕Β॥؀తʹཧղ ͢Δɻ ಛ௃: तۀऀɾֶशऀͷؒͰͷසൟͳ΍ΓͱΓ
21. ݚڀ՝୊ 1. ӳޠͷ୯७ݱࡏ੍࣌ͷ༷ʑͳ࢖༻๏ͷؔ࿈ੑΛɼͲͷఔ ౓ɼͲͷΑ͏ͳཧղͷաఔΛܦͯಈػ͚ͮΔ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖ Δ͔ɽ 2. ͦͷಈػ෇͚͸ɼͲͷఔ౓ɼͲͷΑ͏ͳ఺Ͱೝ஌จ๏ͷ ఏҊͱڞ௨͍ͯ͠Δ͔ɽ 3. ͜ͷࢦಋΞϓϩʔνʹରͯ͠ͲͷΑ͏ͳ൓ԠΛ͔ࣔ͢ɽ A. तۀऀͱͷΠϯλϥΫγϣϯ B. ֶशऀಉ࢜ͷΠϯλϥΫγϣϯ C. ఏࣔ͞ΕͨΞΠσΞͱͷΠϯλϥΫγϣϯ
22. ظ଴͞ΕΔֶशऀͷؾ͖ͮɾදΕ ͔࣌ؒ࣠Βͷ཭୤ ࿩͠खͷ஌ࣝɾ৺తΠϝʔδ ଞͷ੍࣌ɾ૬ͱͷൺֱ ೝ஌จ๏ తൃ૝ ੍࣌ͷ ֶͼ
23. ڭࣨ؀ڥ 1 2 3 5 7 8 9 6 4 εΫϦʔϯ
24. ֶशऀͷ൓Ԡ श׳తݱࡏͷ্࣌ؒ࣠ͷද͠ํ (5) ʮ͙Δ͙Δʯʮ఺ͷ܁Γฦ͠ʯ • ͍ͭͰ΋͍͍ܗ • ܁Γฦ͠ܗ
25. ֶशऀͷ൓Ԡ આ໌ॻɾϨγϐɾ୆ຊͰ༻͍ΒΕΔ୯७ݱࡏ੍࣌ (9) T:͜ͷ̍ݸ໨ͱ̎ݸ໨ͬͯͦΕͧΕͲ͏͍͏ਓ͕ ॻ͍ͯΔʁ̍ݸ໨୭͕ॻ͍ͯΔʁ S6: ෼͔Μͳ͍ S4:ύφιχοΫ T:ͦ͏ɽ࡞ͬͨɼ։ൃͨ͠ਓୡ͕ɼͦͷ΋ͷ͕Կ ͳͷ͔෼͔ͬͯΔਓ͕ॻ͘Θ͚ͩΑͶɽ࣍̎ͭ໨ ͸୭ʁԶ͜Εઈରॻ͚ͳ͍Μ͚ͩͲ S6:ྉཧਓɼγΣϑʁ
26. ֶशऀͷ൓Ԡ આ໌ॻɾϨγϐɾ୆ຊͰ༻͍ΒΕΔ୯७ݱࡏ੍࣌ (9) T:͜Ε͕࡞ΕΔਓ͕ॻ͘͸ͣɽͦ͏͍͏૝ఆ Ͱ͖ͯΔਓ͕ॻ͘ɽ͡Ό͋ͦΕΛ౿·͑Δͱɼ ୭͕ॻ͍ͯΔΜͩʁ୆ຊ͍ͬͯ͏ͷ͸ɽ S7:٭ຊՈ T:ͦ͏٭ຊՈ͕ॻ͍ͯΔɽ٭ຊՈ͕ॻ͍ͯΔ ୆ຊ͸ɼ͡Ό͋Կނ୯७ݱࡏܗͰ͍͍ͷ͔ S1:ࣗ෼ͷ಄ͷதͰߏ੒͕Ͱ͖ͯΔ ࿩͠खͷ஌ࣝ
27. ֶशऀͷ൓Ԡ ະདྷͷࣄଶΛද͢୯७ݱࡏ੍࣌ (10) ʮۙະདྷͷ࣮֬ࢹ͞Εͨ͜ͱʯ ʮܾ·ͬͱΔ͜ͱ΍͔Βʁ࣮֬ͳະདྷ ͕͋Δʯ ʮ࣮֬ͳະདྷͰɼͦΕΛࠓݴͬͯ΋࣍ͷ ೔ʹݴͬͯ΋༧ఆ͕มΘΔ͜ͱ͕ͳ͍ʯ ͔࣌ؒ࣠Βͷ཭୤ ࿩͠खͷ஌ࣝ
28. ֶशऀͷ൓Ԡ աڈͷࣄଶΛද͢୯७ݱࡏ੍࣌ (12) S6:ࠓἬ͞Ͳͬͪ΋͞࿩͠खͷࢹ఺͡ΌΜ S5:͏Μ͏Μ͏Μ S6:શ෦஌ͬͯͯɼ஌ͬͯͯݴͬͯΔɽ٭ຊ͸ผʹΈ Μͳ஌ͬͯΔΘ͚͡Όͳ͍Μ͚ͩͲɼ࿩͢ਓ͕஌ͬͯ ͯݴ͏Έ͍ͨͳɽ͜ͷਓͷதͰ͸΋͏ܾ·ͬͯΔɽ S5:͏Μ͏Μ͏Μ S6:͜ͷਓ͕શ෦஌ͬͯΔ࣌ʹݴ͏͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δͷ͔ ࿩͠खͷ஌ࣝ
29. ֶशऀͷ൓Ԡ աڈͷࣄଶΛද͢୯७ݱࡏ੍࣌ (12) ʮ΋͠ਐߦܗʹͨ͠ΒɼҰ࣌఺͍ͬͯ͏͔ɼͦ ͷͳΜ͔఺Ͱ͔͠஌Βͳ͍ɼͦͷॠؒݟͯ ʮ͋ͬʯΈ͍ͨͳɼॠؒతͳ͜ͱ͔͠ݴΘͳ͍ ͷ͔ͳͱࢥͬͯɼ͔ͩΒҰ࿈ͷྲྀΕΛ஌ͬͯΔ ͔ΒɼҰ࿈ͷྲྀΕΛදͨ͢ΊʹɼͦΕΛ஌ͬͯ ΔΑ͍ͬͯ͏͜ͱΛදͨ͢Ίʹ୯७ݱࡏܗ࢖͏ ͷ͔ͳͬͯʯ ਐߦ૬ͱͷൺֱ
30. ֶशऀͷ൓Ԡ αϚϦʔͱͯ͠ͷ୯७ݱࡏ੍࣌ (13) ʮશ෦஌ͬͱΔ͚ΜɽϝΠट૬ͱopposition leader͕࿩ͯ͠ΔͷΛશ෦ݟͱΔ͚ΜɼͦΕΛ શ෦஌ͬͱΔ͚ΜɼͦͷҰॠ͡Όͳͯͦ͘ͷ࿩ ͠߹͍Λͣͬͱฉ͍ͯɽөը͸͖ͬ͞ͷ୆ຊͱ Ұॹ΍ͳɽϓϥμΛணͨѱຐΛશ෦஌ͬͱΔ্ Ͱͷ<?>΍͔ΒɽϝΠट૬ͱleaderͷ࿩͠߹͍͕ Ͳ͏͍͏΋ͷ͔શ෦஌্ͬͨͷɼ୯७ݱࡏܗʯ ࿩͠खͷ஌ࣝ
31. ֶशऀͷ൓Ԡ αϚϦʔͱͯ͠ͷ୯७ݱࡏ੍࣌ (13) S6:ͳΜͰ͞ɼ͋Β͚͕ͩ͢͡͞୯७ݱࡏܗʹͳΔͷʁ S5:࣌ؒ͸ؔ܎ͳ͍Μ͡Όͳ͍ʁ S6:͑ʁΑ͘Θ͔Μͳ͍ɽͳΜͰ͞খઆͩͱաڈܗͳͷʹ S7:খઆ͸͖ͬ͞ݴͬͯͨΈ͍ͨʹɼ͍͋ͬͨͬͯ͏͜ͱ Λࣗ෼ͷதͰهԱͯͯ͠ޙʑ͜͏ݴ͏͜ͱ͕͋Γ·ͨ͠ Αͬͯॻ͍ͯΔײ͡Ͱɼ͋Β͢͡͸͖ͬ͞ͷܶͷ୆ຊͱ ҰॹͰ͜͏͍͏͜ͱ͕ى͜Γ·͢Αͬͯɼ΋͏ܾ·ͬͯ Δ͜ͱΛݴͬͯΔ͔Βɼ୯७ݱࡏܗʯ աڈ੍࣌ͱͷൺֱ ҟͳΔςΫετͱͷൺֱ
32. ֶशऀͷ൓Ԡ ࣮گதܧʹ͓͚Δ୯७ݱࡏ੍࣌ (14) ʮ֬ఆͯ͠΄͍͠ͱ͍͏೤ҙΛײ͡ Δɽࣗ෼ͷதͰ΋͏֬ఆͯ͠΄͍͠ ͱ͍͏೤ҙΛײ͡Δɽʯ ʮر๬΋ؚΊ͚ͯͩͲɼࣗ෼ͷதͰ ͸ɼ΋͏͜Ε͸ೖΔͬͯࢥͬͯɼݴͬ ͪΌ͏Έ͍ͨͳɽʯ ࿩͠खͷ৺తΠϝʔδ
33. ֶशऀͷ൓Ԡ ৚݅અʹ͓͚Δ୯७ݱࡏ੍࣌ (15) ʮ಄ͷதʹ͢ͰʹͦͷҰͭͷྲྀΕͱ ͍͏͔ɼετʔϦʔੑ͕͋Δ΋ͷ͕ ඳ͔Ε͍ͯͯɼͦ͏͍͏৚͕݅͋Δ ͱ͖ʹɼ͜͏͠Α͏Έ͍ͨͳɽͦͷ ετʔϦʔੑ͕ຊਓͷதͰ΋ඳ͔Ε ͍ͯΔɽʯ ࿩͠खͷ৺తΠϝʔδ
34. ֶशऀͷ൓Ԡ͔Βݟ͑Δ࣮ફ ͷ՝୊ (12) S6:ผʹݱࡏਐߦܗͰ΋ผʹ͍͍ؾ͕͖ͯͨ͠ S6:ผʹશ෦ӳޠͱ͸ԿܗͰݴ͏͜ͱ͸Ͱ͖ͳ͍ Έ͍ͨͳɽͳΜͰ஌ͬͯΔͱ͔஌Βͳ͍ͱ͔ग़ͯ ͘Δͷ͔Α͘Θ͔Μͳ͍ɽͩͬͯ஌ͬͯΔ͜ͱͬ ͯ͞ɼݴ͏͜ͱ͡ΌΜɽͦΕͬͯ͞ɼ஌ͬͯΔ஌ Βͳ͍ͱ͔Α͘Θ͔Μͳ͘ͳ͖ͬͯͨɽผʹɼݴ ͏ͬͯ͜ͱ͸஌ͬͯΔͬͯ͜ͱ͡ΌΜɽ ཧ࿦ݴޠֶͷݴ༿Λ೔ৗͷݴ༿ʹஔ͖׵͑Δฐ֐
35. ຊ࣮ફͷཁ఺ ӳޠڭһͱͯ͠ͷจ๏؍ɾݴޠ؍ͷᔻཆ ର࿩తͳӳจ๏ͷֶͼ จ๏ͷ༳Β͗΁ͷؾ͖ͮ ೝ஌จ๏ͷ஌ݟʹجͮ͘Ծઆੜ੒తֶͼ
36. I your attention. appreciate