Modularising the Monolith - PHP Conference Japan 2022

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146 slides

Modularising the Monolith PHP Conference Japan 2022 Ryuta Hamasaki ᖛཽ࡚ଠ
RYUTA HAMASAKI @avosalmon
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Verification Solutions Service Provider >1M Accredified documents 9 markets 3
industries >9M verifications >500 Active issuers A B O U T A C C R E D I F Y
Modularising the Monolith
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.PEVMBS.POPMJUI Contracts Implementation Tests Contracts Implementation Tests Contracts Implementation Tests
Inventory module Order module Payment module
Contracts Implementation Tests Contracts Implementation Tests Contracts Implementation Tests Inventory
module Order module Payment module .PEVMBS.POPMJUI
Contracts Implementation Tests Contracts Implementation Tests Contracts Implementation Tests Inventory
service Order module Payment module ஈ֊తͳϚΠΫϩαʔϏεԽ
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ϞδϡϥʔϞϊϦε͸มߋίετ͕௿͍ Contracts Implementation Tests Contracts Implementation Tests Contracts Implementation Tests
Inventory module Order module Payment module
ϞδϡʔϧͱνʔϜߏ੒ Order Module Payment Module Shipping Module Campaign Module Auth
Module Inventory Module
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https://shopify.engineering/deconstructing-monolith-designing-software-maximizes-developer-productivity
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<?php use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Route; Route::prefix('order-module') ->middleware(['api', 'auth:sanctum']) ->group(function () { Route::apiResource('orders',
OrderController::class); }); // src/Order/routes.php
namespace Phpcon\Order\Providers; class OrderServiceProvider extends ServiceProvider { public function boot()
{ $this->loadRoutesFrom(__DIR__.'/../routes.php'); $this->loadMigrationsFrom(__DIR__.'/../Infrastructure/Database/Migrations'); $this->loadTranslationsFrom(__DIR__.'/../Resources/lang', 'order'); $this->loadViewsFrom(__DIR__.'/../Resources/views', 'order'); } public function register() { $this->mergeConfigFrom(__DIR__.'/../config/order.php', 'order'); $this->commands([DoSomething::class]); $this->app->register(AuthServiceProvider::class); $this->app->register(EventServiceProvider::class); $this->app->register(RouteServiceProvider::class); } }
namespace Phpcon\Order\Providers; use Illuminate\Foundation\Support\Providers\AuthServiceProvider as ServiceProvider; use Laracon\Order\Application\Policies\OrderPolicy; use Laracon\Order\Domain\Models\Order;
class AuthServiceProvider extends ServiceProvider { protected $policies = [ Order::class => OrderPolicy::class, ]; public function boot() { $this->registerPolicies(); } }
namespace Phpcon\Order\Providers; use Illuminate\Foundation\Support\Providers\EventServiceProvider as ServiceProvider; use Laracon\Order\Domain\Listeners\HandleOrderShipment; use Laracon\Shipping\Contracts\Events\ParcelShipped;
class EventServiceProvider extends ServiceProvider { /** * The event listener mappings for the application. * * @var array */ protected $listen = [ ParcelShipped::class => [ HandleOrderShipment::class, ], ]; }
namespace Phpcon\Order\Providers; use Illuminate\Foundation\Support\Providers\RouteServiceProvider as ServiceProvider; use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Route; use Phpcon\Order\Application\Http\Middleware\SomeMiddleware;
use Phpcon\Order\Domain\Models\Order; class RouteServiceProvider extends ServiceProvider { public function boot() { Route::bind('order', function ($value) { return Order::with('orderLines')->findOrFail($value); }); $this->app[‘router']->aliasMiddleware('do-something', SomeMiddleware::class); } }
'providers' => [ // ... \Phpcon\Inventory\Providers\InventoryServiceProvider::class, \Phpcon\Order\Providers\OrderServiceProvider::class, \Phpcon\Payment\Providers\PaymentServiceProvider::class, \Phpcon\Shipping\Providers\ShippingServiceProvider::class, ],
// config/app.php
{ "autoload": { "psr-4": { "App\\": "app/", "Phpcon\\": "src/", "Database\\Factories\\":
"database/factories/", "Database\\Seeders\\": "database/seeders/" } } } // composer.json
{ "autoload": { "psr-4": { "App\\": "app/", "Phpcon\\": "src/", "Database\\Factories\\":
"database/factories/", "Database\\Seeders\\": "database/seeders/" } } } // composer.json
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ίϯτϥΫτʹΑΔίϛϡχέʔγϣϯ Module A Module B Contract Implementation Downstream Upstream
Module A Module B ίϯτϥΫτແ͠ͷίϛϡχέʔγϣϯ Downstream Upstream Implementation
Order Inventory Payment Shipping Payment Provider Warehouse System Cart Cart
Item Order Order Line
Item Order Order Line 1. Checkout
Item Order Order Line 2. Update inventory 1. Checkout
Item Order Order Line 2. Update inventory 3. Process payment 1. Checkout
Item Order Order Line 2. Update inventory 3. Process payment 4. Save order 1. Checkout
Item Order Order Line 2. Update inventory 3. Process payment 5. Notify warehouse 4. Save order 1. Checkout
class OrderController extends Controller { public function store(StoreOrderRequest $request) {
$cart = Cart::with('cartItems')->findOrFail($request->cart_id); $order = new Order(['user_id' => $request->user()->id]); try { DB::transaction(function () use ($order, $cart) { $cart->cartItems->each(function (CartItem $cartItem) use ($order) { $cartItem->product->decrement('stock', $cartItem->quantity); $order->addOrderLine($cartItem->product, $cartItem->quantity); }); $order->checkout(); $stripe = new StripePayment(config(‘services.stripe.key')); $stripe->charge($order->id, $order->total_amount); }); } catch (\Exception $e) { abort(Response::HTTP_BAD_REQUEST, trans('order::errors.failed')); } return new OrderResource($order); } }
namespace Laracon\Order\Domain\Models; class CartItem extends Model { // ... public
function cart(): BelongsTo { return $this->belongsTo(Cart::class); } public function product(): BelongsTo { return $this->belongsTo(Product::class); } }
namespace Laracon\Order\Domain\Models; class CartItem extends Model { // ... public
function cart(): BelongsTo { return $this->belongsTo(Cart::class); } public function product(): BelongsTo { return $this->belongsTo(Product::class); } }
// src/Inventory/Contracts/ProductService.php namespace Laracon\Inventory\Contracts; interface ProductService { /** * Decrement
product stock. */ public function decrementStock(int $productId, int $quantity): void; }
namespace Laracon\Inventory\Infrastructure\Services; use Laracon\Inventory\Contracts\ProductService as ProductServiceContract; class ProductService implements ProductServiceContract
{ public function decrementStock(int $productId, int $quantity): void { $product = Product::find($productId); if (!$product) { throw new ProductNotFoundException($productId); } if ($product->stock < $quantity) { throw new OutOfStockException($productId); } if (!$product->is_active) { throw new InactiveProductException($productId); } $product->decrement('stock', $quantity); } }
namespace Laracon\Inventory\Infrastructure\Services; use Laracon\Inventory\Contracts\ProductService as ProductServiceContract; class ProductService implements ProductServiceContract
{ public function decrementStock(int $productId, int $quantity): void { $product = Product::find($productId); if (!$product) { throw new ProductNotFoundException($productId); } if ($product->stock < $quantity) { throw new OutOfStockException($productId); } if (!$product->is_active) { throw new InactiveProductException($productId); } $product->decrement('stock', $quantity); } }
namespace Laracon\Inventory\Providers; use Laracon\Inventory\Contracts\ProductService as ProductServiceContract; use Laracon\Inventory\Infrastructure\Services\ProductService; class InventoryServiceProvider
extends ServiceProvider { public $bindings = [ ProductServiceContract::class => ProductService::class, ]; // ... }
use Laracon\Inventory\Contracts\ProductService; class OrderController extends Controller { public function __construct(private
ProductService $productService) {} public function store(StoreOrderRequest $request) { $cart = Cart::with('cartItems')->findOrFail($request->cart_id); $order = new Order(['user_id' => $request->user()->id]); try { DB::transaction(function () use ($order, $cart) { $cart->cartItems->each(function (CartItem $cartItem) use ($order) { $cartItem->product->decrement('stock', $cartItem->quantity); $order->addOrderLine($cartItem->product, $cartItem->quantity); }); // ... }); } catch (\Exception $e) { abort(Response::HTTP_BAD_REQUEST, trans('order::errors.failed')); } return new OrderResource($order); } }
ProductService $productService) {} public function store(StoreOrderRequest $request) { $cart = Cart::with('cartItems')->findOrFail($request->cart_id); $order = new Order(['user_id' => $request->user()->id]); try { DB::transaction(function () use ($order, $cart) { $cart->cartItems->each(function (CartItem $cartItem) use ($order) { $cartItem->product->decrement('stock', $cartItem->quantity); $order->addOrderLine($cartItem->product, $cartItem->quantity); }); // ... }); } catch (\Exception $e) { abort(Response::HTTP_BAD_REQUEST, trans('order::errors.failed')); } return new OrderResource($order); } }
ProductService $productService) {} public function store(StoreOrderRequest $request) { $cart = Cart::with('cartItems')->findOrFail($request->cart_id); $order = new Order(['user_id' => $request->user()->id]); try { DB::transaction(function () use ($order, $cart) { $cart->cartItems->each(function (CartItem $cartItem) use ($order) { $this->productService->decrementStock($cartItem->product_id, $cartItem->quantity); $order->addOrderLine($cartItem->product, $cartItem->quantity); }); // ... }); } catch (\Exception $e) { abort(Response::HTTP_BAD_REQUEST, trans('order::errors.failed')); } return new OrderResource($order); } }
namespace Laracon\Order\Domain\Models; use Laracon\Inventory\Domain\Models\Product; class Order extends Model { //
... protected $orderLines = []; public function orderLines(): HasMany { return $this->hasMany(OrderLine::class); } public function addOrderLine(Product $product, int $quantity): void { $orderLine = new OrderLine([ 'product_id' => $product->id, 'product_name' => $product->name, 'price' => $product->price, 'quantity' => $quantity, ]); $this->orderLines[] = $orderLine; } }
... protected $orderLines = []; public function orderLines(): HasMany { return $this->hasMany(OrderLine::class); } public function addOrderLine(Product $product, int $quantity): void { $orderLine = new OrderLine([ 'product_id' => $product->id, 'product_name' => $product->name, 'price' => $product->price, 'quantity' => $quantity, ]); $this->orderLines[] = $orderLine; } }
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namespace Laracon\Inventory\Contracts\DataTransferObjects; class ProductDto { public function __construct( public readonly
int $id, public readonly string $name, public readonly int $price, ) {} }
namespace Laracon\Inventory\Contracts; use Laracon\Inventory\Contracts\DataTransferObjects\ProductDto; interface ProductService { /** * Get
product by product id. */ public function getProductById(int $productId): ProductDto; }
namespace Laracon\Inventory\Infrastructure\Services; use Laracon\Inventory\Contracts\DataTransferObjects\ProductDto; use Laracon\Inventory\Contracts\ProductService as ProductServiceContract; use Laracon\Inventory\Domain\Models\Product;
class ProductService implements ProductServiceContract { public function getProductById(int $productId): ProductDto { $product = Product::find($productId); if (!$product) { throw new ProductNotFoundException($productId); } return new ProductDto( $product->id, $product->name, $product->price, ); } }
ProductService $productService) {} public function store(StoreOrderRequest $request) { $cart = Cart::with('cartItems')->findOrFail($request->cart_id); $order = new Order(['user_id' => $request->user()->id]); try { DB::transaction(function () use ($order, $cart) { $cart->cartItems->each(function (CartItem $cartItem) use ($order) { $this->productService->decrementStock($cartItem->product_id, $cartItem->quantity); $product = $this->productService->getProductById($cartItem->product_id); $order->addOrderLine($cartItem->product, $cartItem->quantity); }); // ... }); } catch (\Exception $e) { abort(Response::HTTP_BAD_REQUEST, trans('order::errors.failed')); } return new OrderResource($order); } }
ProductService $productService) {} public function store(StoreOrderRequest $request) { $cart = Cart::with('cartItems')->findOrFail($request->cart_id); $order = new Order(['user_id' => $request->user()->id]); try { DB::transaction(function () use ($order, $cart) { $cart->cartItems->each(function (CartItem $cartItem) use ($order) { $this->productService->decrementStock($cartItem->product_id, $cartItem->quantity); $product = $this->productService->getProductById($cartItem->product_id); $order->addOrderLine($product, $cartItem->quantity); }); // ... }); } catch (\Exception $e) { abort(Response::HTTP_BAD_REQUEST, trans('order::errors.failed')); } return new OrderResource($order); } }
... protected $orderLines = []; public function addOrderLine(Product $product, int $quantity): void { $orderLine = new OrderLine([ 'product_id' => $product->id, 'product_name' => $product->name, 'price' => $product->price, 'quantity' => $quantity, ]); $this->orderLines[] = $orderLine; } }
... protected $orderLines = []; public function addOrderLine(Product $product, int $quantity): void { $orderLine = new OrderLine([ 'product_id' => $product->id, 'product_name' => $product->name, 'price' => $product->price, 'quantity' => $quantity, ]); $this->orderLines[] = $orderLine; } }
namespace Laracon\Order\Domain\Models; use Laracon\Inventory\Contracts\DataTransferObjects\ProductDto; class Order extends Model { //
... protected $orderLines = []; public function addOrderLine(ProductDto $product, int $quantity): void { $orderLine = new OrderLine([ 'product_id' => $product->id, 'product_name' => $product->name, 'price' => $product->price, 'quantity' => $quantity, ]); $this->orderLines[] = $orderLine; } }
namespace Laracon\Order\Domain\Models; use Laracon\Inventory\Contracts\DataTransferObjects\ProductDto; class Order extends Model { //
... protected $orderLines = []; public function addOrderLine(ProductDto $product, int $quantity): void { $orderLine = new OrderLine([ 'product_id' => $product->id, 'product_name' => $product->name, 'price' => $product->price, 'quantity' => $quantity, ]); $this->orderLines[] = $orderLine; } }
ProductService $productService) {} public function store(StoreOrderRequest $request) { $cart = Cart::with('cartItems')->findOrFail($request->cart_id); $order = new Order(['user_id' => $request->user()->id]); try { DB::transaction(function () use ($order, $cart) { // ... $order->checkout(); $stripe = new StripePayment(config(‘services.stripe.key')); $stripe->charge($order->id, $order->total_amount); }); } catch (\Exception $e) { abort(Response::HTTP_BAD_REQUEST, trans('order::errors.failed')); } return new OrderResource($order); } }
ProductService $productService) {} public function store(StoreOrderRequest $request) { $cart = Cart::with('cartItems')->findOrFail($request->cart_id); $order = new Order(['user_id' => $request->user()->id]); try { DB::transaction(function () use ($order, $cart) { // ... $order->checkout(); $stripe = new StripePayment(config(‘services.stripe.key')); $stripe->charge($order->id, $order->total_amount); }); } catch (\Exception $e) { abort(Response::HTTP_BAD_REQUEST, trans('order::errors.failed')); } return new OrderResource($order); } }
namespace Laracon\Payment\Contracts; interface PaymentService { /** * Process payment for
the given amount. */ public function charge(int $orderId, int $amount): void; }
namespace Laracon\Payment\Infrastructure\Services; use Stripe\StripeClient; use Laracon\Payment\Contracts\PaymentService as PaymentServiceContract; class StripePayment
implements PaymentServiceContract { private StripeClient $stripe; public function __construct(string $stripeKey) { $this->stripe = new StripeClient($stripeKey); } public function charge(int $orderId, int $amount): void { $this->stripe->charges->create([ 'amount' => $amount, 'currency' => 'usd', ]); // ... } }
namespace Laracon\Payment\Providers; use Illuminate\Support\ServiceProvider; use Laracon\Payment\Contracts\PaymentService as PaymentServiceContract; use Laracon\Payment\Infrastructure\Services\StripePayment;
class PaymentServiceProvider extends ServiceProvider { public function register() { $this->app->bind(PaymentServiceContract::class, function ($app) { return new StripePayment(config(‘services.stripe.key')); }); } }
use Laracon\Inventory\Contracts\ProductService; class OrderController extends Controller { public function __construct(
private ProductService $productService, ) {} public function store(StoreOrderRequest $request) { // ... try { DB::transaction(function () use ($order, $cart) { // ... $stripe = new StripePayment(config('service.stripe.key')); $stripe->charge($order->id, $order->total_amount); }); } catch (\Exception $e) { abort(Response::HTTP_BAD_REQUEST, trans('order::errors.failed')); } return new OrderResource($order); } }
use Laracon\Inventory\Contracts\ProductService; use Laracon\Payment\Contracts\PaymentService; class OrderController extends Controller { public
function __construct( private ProductService $productService, private PaymentService $paymentService, ) {} public function store(StoreOrderRequest $request) { // ... try { DB::transaction(function () use ($order, $cart) { // ... $stripe = new StripePayment(config('service.stripe.key')); $stripe->charge($order->id, $order->total_amount); }); } catch (\Exception $e) { abort(Response::HTTP_BAD_REQUEST, trans('order::errors.failed')); } return new OrderResource($order); } }
function __construct( private ProductService $productService, private PaymentService $paymentService, ) {} public function store(StoreOrderRequest $request) { // ... try { DB::transaction(function () use ($order, $cart) { // ... $stripe = new StripePayment(config('service.stripe.key')); $stripe->charge($order->id, $order->total_amount); }); } catch (\Exception $e) { abort(Response::HTTP_BAD_REQUEST, trans('order::errors.failed')); } return new OrderResource($order); } }
function __construct( private ProductService $productService, private PaymentService $paymentService, ) {} public function store(StoreOrderRequest $request) { // ... try { DB::transaction(function () use ($order, $cart) { // ... $stripe->charge($order->id, $order->total_amount); }); } catch (\Exception $e) { abort(Response::HTTP_BAD_REQUEST, trans('order::errors.failed')); } return new OrderResource($order); } }
function __construct( private ProductService $productService, private PaymentService $paymentService, ) {} public function store(StoreOrderRequest $request) { // ... try { DB::transaction(function () use ($order, $cart) { // ... $this->paymentService->charge($order->id, $order->total_amount); }); } catch (\Exception $e) { abort(Response::HTTP_BAD_REQUEST, trans('order::errors.failed')); } return new OrderResource($order); } }
namespace Laracon\Payment\Providers; use Illuminate\Support\ServiceProvider; use Laracon\Payment\Contracts\PaymentService as PaymentServiceContract; use Laracon\Payment\Infrastructure\Services\StripePayment;
class PaymentServiceProvider extends ServiceProvider { public function register() { $this->app->bind(PaymentServiceContract::class, function ($app) { return new StripePayment(config(‘services.stripe.key')); }); } }
namespace Laracon\Payment\Providers; use Illuminate\Support\ServiceProvider; use Laracon\Payment\Contracts\PaymentService as PaymentServiceContract; use Laracon\Payment\Infrastructure\Services\PaddlePayment;
class PaymentServiceProvider extends ServiceProvider { public function register() { $this->app->bind(PaymentServiceContract::class, function ($app) { return new PaddlePayment(config(‘services.paddle.key’)); }); } }
Item Order Order Line 2. Update inventory 3. Process payment 5. Notify warehouse 4. Save order 1. Checkout
Item Order Order Line OrderFul fi lled Publish Subscribe 2. Update inventory 3. Process payment 4. Save order 1. Checkout
class OrderController extends Controller { // ... public function store(StoreOrderRequest
$request) { // ... try { DB::transaction(function () use ($order, $cart) { // ... $this->paymentService->charge($order->id, $order->total_amount); }); } catch (\Exception $e) { abort(Response::HTTP_BAD_REQUEST, trans('order::errors.failed')); } return new OrderResource($order); } }
$request) { // ... try { DB::transaction(function () use ($order, $cart) { // ... $this->paymentService->charge($order->id, $order->total_amount); }); } catch (\Exception $e) { abort(Response::HTTP_BAD_REQUEST, trans('order::errors.failed')); } OrderFulfilled::dispatch($order->id); return new OrderResource($order); } }
$request) { // ... try { DB::transaction(function () use ($order, $cart) { // ... $this->paymentService->charge($order->id, $order->total_amount); }); } catch (\Exception $e) { abort(Response::HTTP_BAD_REQUEST, trans('order::errors.failed')); } OrderFulfilled::dispatch($order->id); return new OrderResource($order); } }
namespace Laracon\Shipping\Providers; use Illuminate\Foundation\Support\Providers\EventServiceProvider as ServiceProvider; use Laracon\Order\Contracts\Events\OrderFulfilled; use Laracon\Shipping\Domain\Listeners\NotifyWarehouse;
class EventServiceProvider extends ServiceProvider { protected $listen = [ OrderFulfilled::class => [ NotifyWarehouse::class, ] ]; }
namespace Laracon\Shipping\Domain\Listeners; use Laracon\Order\Contracts\Events\OrderFulfilled; class NotifyWarehouse { public function handle(OrderFulfilled
$event) { // Notify warehouse system } }
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<phpunit> <testsuites> <testsuite name="Unit"> <directory suffix="Test.php">./src/**/Tests/Unit</directory> </testsuite> <testsuite name="Feature"> <directory
suffix="Test.php">./src/**/Tests/Feature</directory> </testsuite> </testsuites> <coverage processUncoveredFiles="true"> <include> <directory suffix=".php">./src</directory> </include> <exclude> <directory suffix="Test.php">./src/**/Tests/*</directory> </exclude> <report> <clover outputFile="coverage/clover.xml"/> </report> </coverage>  </phpunit>
it('creates a new order', function () { Event::fake(); $user =
User::factory()->create(); $cart = Cart::factory()->create(['user_id' => $user->id]); // create some other test data... mock(ProductService::class, function ($mock) use ($product) { $mock->shouldReceive('decrementStock') ->with($product->id, 1) ->once(); $mock->shouldReceive('getProductById') ->with($product->id) ->once() ->andReturn($product); }); mock(PaymentService::class) ->shouldReceive('charge') ->once(); // ...
Ϟδϡʔϧؒͷ֎෦Ωʔ੍໿͸ີ݁߹ʹͭͳ͕Δ Order module Inventory module Cart Items Products product_id id
// ... $order = postJson('/order-module/orders', ['cart_id' => $cart->id]) ->assertCreated() ->json('data');
assertDatabaseHas('orders', [ 'id' => $order['id'], ]); Event::assertDispatched(OrderFulfilled::class, $order['id']);
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composer require qossmic/deptrac-shim --dev sudo apt-get install graphviz // for
visualising dependency graph
parameters: paths: - ./src - ./app layers: - name: Common
collectors: - type: directory regex: ./app/.* - name: Contracts collectors: - type: directory regex: .*/Contracts/.* - name: Vendor collectors: - type: bool must_not: - type: directory regex: ./(src|app)/.* - name: Inventory collectors: - type: bool must: - type: directory regex: ./src/Inventory/.* must_not: - type: directory regex: ./src/Inventory/Contracts/.* // deptrac.yaml
parameters: paths: - ./src - ./app layers: # ... ruleset:
Common: - Vendor Contracts: - Vendor - Common Inventory: - Contracts - Vendor - Common Order: - Contracts - Vendor - Common Payment: - Contracts - Vendor - Common Shipping: - Contracts - Vendor - Common // deptrac.yaml
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੩తίʔυղੳ͸׬ᘳͰ͸ͳ͍
DB::table('products') ->where('id', $orderLine->product_id) ->decrement(‘stock', $orderLine->quantity); // src/Order/Domain/Models/Order.php
·ͱΊ w ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεͷલஈ֊ͱͯ͠ͷϞδϡϥʔϞϊϦε w ϞδϡʔϧԽ͢ΔͨΊͷσΟϨΫτϦߏ଄ w ίϯτϥΫτΛ௨ͨ͠Ϟδϡʔϧؒ௨৴ w ϞδϡʔϧͷςετͰ͸ɺίϯτϥΫτΛϞοΫ w
%FQUSBDΛ࢖ͬͯυϝΠϯͷڥքΛڧ੍
ϦϯΫू •https://github.com/avosalmon/modular-monolith-laravel •Modularising the Monolith - Laracon Online 2022 •Deconstructing
the Monolith: Designing Software that Maximizes Developer Productivity •Under Deconstruction: The State of Shopify’s Monolith •Long live the Monolith! Monolithic Architecture != Big Ball of Mud •Strategic Monoliths and Microservices •Domain-Driven Laravel
THANK YOU @avosalmon

Modularising the Monolith - PHP Conference Japa...

Modularising the Monolith - PHP Conference Japan 2022

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