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チーム開発 @ GitHub
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ayatk
December 02, 2017
Programming
2
540
チーム開発 @ GitHub
2017/12/01に行ったプロジェクト内でのGitHub講習会で使った資料
一部privateリポジトリもありますがなくても多分大丈夫です
ayatk
December 02, 2017
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Transcript
νʔϜ։ൃ @ GitHub 2017/12/01 @ayatk
͡ΊΔલʹ……
Git ษڧ͖ͯ͠·͔ͨ͠?
ࠓGitͷجຊతͳ͜ͱ͕Θ ͔͍ͬͯΔલఏͰ͓͠·͢
͋ͱɺશ෦Ζ͏ͱ͢Δͱେ ʹͳͬͨͷͰɺνʔϜ։ൃʹ࠷ ݶඞཁͳͷΛઆ໌͠·͢
ࠓΔ͜ͱ • GitHubΛͬͨνʔϜ։ൃ • ͱΓ͋͑ͣGitΛͬͯΈΔ • READMEͷॻ͖ํ • gitignore
ࠓΔ͜ͱ • GitHubΛͬͨνʔϜ։ൃ • ͱΓ͋͑ͣGitΛͬͯΈΔ • READMEͷॻ͖ํ • gitignore
GitHubΛͬͨνʔϜ։ൃ • νʔϜ։ൃͰඞཁʹͳΔGitHubͷػೳ • Issue • Pull Request • ϒϥϯν
͜ͷϖʔδΛݟͳ͕ΒΓ·͢ https://github.com/kiesproject/prepass-ios
GitHubΛͬͨνʔϜ։ൃ • νʔϜ։ൃͰඞཁʹͳΔػೳ • Issue • Pull Request • ϒϥϯν
GitHub Issue • GitHubʹ͋ΔϓϩδΣΫτͷ՝όάͳͲ Λཧ͢ΔͨΊͷνέοτཧػೳ • ࣭ೖΕ͍ͨػೳͷఏҊͳͲϓϩδΣΫτ ʹؔ͢Δͯ͢ͷ͜ͱΛͨΊ͓ͯ͘ॴ
Issueʹॻ͘͜ͱ • ͺͬͱ಄ʹු͔Μͩ͜ͱͰશવॻ͍͍͍ͯɺ ͱݴ͏͔ॻ͍ͯ • ʮ͜ͷػೳཉ͍͠ʯͱ͔ʮ͜ͷػೳ͍Βͳ ͍ͷͰʯͱ͔ͳΜͰ͍͍
IssueΛॻ͘ͱ͖ʹؾʹͯ͠΄͍͜͠ͱ • λΠτϧͷΈ͚ͩͰத͕Θ͔ΔΑ͏ʹ • Ͱ͖Δ͚ͩ۩ମతʹॻ͘ • ࣗΘ͔ͬͯΔ͚Ͳ૬ख͕Θ͔Βͳ͍ͱҙຯ ͳ͍ • όάใࠂࣗͷڥͱ࠶ݱঢ়گΛৄ͘͠ॻ͘
• खॱΛলུ͠ͳ͍
Issue͕ଟ͘ͳͬͯ͘Δͱग़ͯ͘Δ • ͲͷIssue͕όάͰͲΕ͕ػೳՃͳͷ͔Θ͔ Βͳ͘ͳͬͯ͘Δ • తͷIssueΛૉૣ͘ݟ͚ͭΕͳ͍ • ͨ͘͞ΜͷIssue͔Β୳͢࡞ۀ • ͭΒ͍
LabelΛ͓͏? • IssueʹͦΕͧΕLabel͕͚ͭΕΔ • LabelΛ͚ͭΔͱLabelΛΫϦοΫ͢Δ͚ͩͰ ϑΟϧλϦϯά͕Ͱ͖Δ • IssueΛݟ͚ͭΔͷָ͕ʹͳΔ
LabelͬͯͲΜͳײ͡? • ੨৭ͷenhancement͕ػೳՃ • ͷbug͕όάใࠂ • ΄͔ʹࣗͰLabelΛ࡞ΕΔ
LabelͰϑΟϧλϦϯά • enhancementͰϑΟϧλϦϯάͨ͠ͷ • ͖ͬ͞ݟ͍͑ͯͨbugͷLabelফ͑Δ
DEMO
GitHubΛͬͨνʔϜ։ൃ • νʔϜ։ൃͰඞཁʹͳΔػೳ • Issue • Pull Request • ϒϥϯν
Pull Request (PR) • ͋ΔϒϥϯνͰ࡞ۀͨ͠ͷΛผͷϒϥϯν ʹϚʔδͯ͠΄͍͠ͱ͍͏ཁΛͩ͢ • ͜͜ͰίʔυͷϨϏϡʔॿݴΛͯ͠Β͏ • PR͕OKͩͬͨΒPRΛૹͬͨਓҎ֎ͷਓ͕
ϚʔδΛߦ͏
Pull Request (PR) • PR͕Ϛʔδ͞ΕͨΒϚʔδݩͷϒϥϯνجຊతʹফ͢ • ͍Βͳ͍ϒϥϯν͕ཚཱͯ͠ҧ͏ϒϥϯνʹίϛο τͯ͠͠·͏͜ͱ͕૿͑Δ • PRΛϚʔδ͢Δͱ”Delete
branch”ͱ͍͏Ϙλϯ͕ දࣔ͞ΕΔͷͰͦΕΛԡ͢ • ͠ίϯϑϦΫτͯ͠GitHubͷWeb্Ͱमਖ਼Ͱ͖Δ
Pull Requestʹॻ͘͜ͱ • λΠτϧ • ͳΜͷͨΊʹ͜ͷPRΛग़ͨ͠ͷ͔ • ʮ̋̋ͷͱ͖ʹ̋̋͢ΔΛमਖ਼ʯɺʮ̋̋ͷػೳΛՃʯ • આ໌
• ۩ମతͳमਖ਼༰ • λΠτϧ͚ͩͰݴ͑ͳ͔ͬͨิઆ໌ • εΫϦʔϯγϣοτ • ؔ࿈͢ΔIssue • ࣮ͯͯ͠Θ͔Βͳ͔ͬͨͱ͜
Pull Requestͷྫ
૬ख͕ཧղͰ͖ΔͳΒOK
ϝϯόʔʹΑΔίʔυϨϏϡʔ • Pull Request͕͛ΒΕΔͱଞͷϝϯόʔʮίʔυϨ ϏϡʔʯΛߦ͏ • ίʔυϨϏϡʔιϑτΣΞΛεϜʔζʹ։ൃ͢Δ্ Ͱඞཁ • ٕज़తෛ࠴
(ͦͷݴޠͰྑ͘ͳ͍ͱ͞ΕΔॻ͖ํࡶͳίʔ υϑΥʔϚοτ)
ϨϏϡʔΛ͢Δ • ԿΛݟΕ͍͍ͷ͔ • ࣮ࡍʹಈ͘ͷ͔(ಈ͔ͳ͔ͬͨΒݩࢠ ͳ͍) • ίʔυͷنʹԊ͍ͬͯͳ͍ͱ͜Ζ
ϨϏϡʔͷ݁ՌΛ૬खʹ͑Δ • ଟνʔϜ։ൃͰҰ൪Ή͔͍ͣ͠ • ݴ༿ݣ͍ʹؾΛ͚ͭΔ͜ͱ • ର໘Ͱແ͍ɺड͚औΔײ͕ҟͳΔ߹͕ ͋Δ • ڧ͍ݴ༿Λ͍ଓ͚ͯΔͱνʔϜͷ่յΛট͘
ϨϏϡʔͰઈର͍͚ͬͯͳ͍͜ͱ • ਓ֨߈ܸ • ݟΔͷίʔυͰ͋ͬͯਓ͡Όͳ͍ • ѱ͍ݴ༿͍(໋ྩޱௐ) • LINEͰ͍͖ͳΓڧ͍ͨΓํ͞ΕͨΒͭ Β͍ΑͶ?
ϨϏϡʔͷ݁ՌΛ૬खʹ͑Δ • ͡Ό͋Ͳ͏͢Ε͍͍? • ੵۃతʹίϝϯτͯ͋͛͠Δ • ྑ͍߹͍͍͜ͱΛݴͬͯѱ͍߹ͩΊͬ ͯͪΌΜͱݴ͏ • ֆจࣈΛଟΊʹ͍·͠ΐ͏
• ֆจࣈΛ͏͚ͩͰ͍ͩͿงғؾ͕มΘΓ· ͢
࣮ࡍͷϨϏϡʔ෩ܠ • ΊͬͪΌྑ͔ͬͨͷͰ͍͍ͶΛ͠·ͬͨ͘ • ͜ΕΛΔ͚ͩͰPRΛૹͬͨਓ͍҆͢͝৺͢Δ
ϨϏϡʔΕΔ΄Ͳ ͓ޓ͍ʹ͠·͢
ͲΜͲΜΖ͏
GitHubΛͬͨνʔϜ։ൃ • νʔϜ։ൃͰඞཁʹͳΔػೳ • Issue • Pull Request • ϒϥϯν
νʔϜ։ൃͰͷϒϥϯνӡ༻ • νʔϜ։ൃͰෳਓ͕ಉ࣌ʹಉ͡ίʔυΛ͍ ͡ΔͨΊɺ͖ͪΜͱͨ͠ϒϥϯνͷӡ༻͕ඞཁ • ϝϯόʔશһ͕masterϒϥϯνͰ࡞ۀ͢Δͱ pushͰ͖ͳ͍͠ɺπϦʔͷ߹ੑ͕औΕͳ ͘ͳͬͯࠈ of ࠈ
ϒϥϯνͷӡ༻ମܥ • Git Flow • GitHub Flow • GitLab Flow
• ଞʹͨͿΜ͍ͬͺ͍͋Δ
ϒϥϯνͷӡ༻ମܥ • Git Flow • GitHub Flow • GitLab Flow
• ଞʹͨͿΜ͍ͬͺ͍͋Δ
Git Flow • Vincent Driessenࢯ͕ఏএ͢ΔϒϥϯνϞσϧ • ΞϓϦπʔϧͳͲόʔδϣϯΛ͍ͬͯͯɺݹ ͍όʔδϣϯαϙʔτ͢ΔΑ͏ͳϦϦʔεϞσ ϧͰΑ͘ΘΕΔ •
େنͳϓϩδΣΫτͰ͋Δ΄ͲޮՌΛൃش͢Δ • ӡ༻ํ๏͕ෳࡶͰॳΊͯͷਓʹΘ͔Γʹ͍͘
Git Flow • masterϒϥϯνͱ developϒϥϯνΛ ϕʔεͱͯ͠։ൃ • ։ൃΛߦ͏ͷ developϒϥϯνͱ ͔ͦ͜Βੜ͢Δ
ϒϥϯνͷΈ http://nvie.com/posts/a-successful-git-branching-model/
Git Flow • developϒϥϯν͔Β featureϒϥϯνΛੜͤ Δ • featureϒϥϯνͰ৽ػೳ ΛՃ͍ͯ͘͠ •
Ճ͠ऴ͑ͨΒdevelop ϒϥϯνʹPullRequestΛ ͛Δ http://nvie.com/posts/a-successful-git-branching-model/
Git Flow • ϦϦʔε͕Ͱ͖Δঢ়ଶʹͳͬ ͨΒdevelopϒϥϯν͔Β releaseϒϥϯνΛ࡞ΓϦϦʔ ε࡞ۀΛߦ͏ • ϦϦʔε࡞ۀ͕ऴΘͬͨΒ masterϒϥϯνͱdevelopϒ
ϥϯνʹϚʔδ • Ϛʔδͨ͠masterϒϥϯνʹ όʔδϣϯ໊Λ͚ͭͨtagΛ Δ http://nvie.com/posts/a-successful-git-branching-model/
Git Flow • ͍όά͕͋ͬͯࠓ ͙͢मਖ਼͠ͳ͍ͱࢮ ͵ͬͯͱ͖ɺ masterϒϥϯν͔Β hotfixϒϥϯνΛ࡞Δ • मਖ਼͕ऴΘͬͨΒ
developͱmasterʹ Ϛʔδͯ͠λάΛΔ http://nvie.com/posts/a-successful-git-branching-model/
ਖ਼͠ΜͲ͍
GitHub Flow • GitHub͕ࣾఏএ͢ΔϒϥϯνϞσϧ • masterϒϥϯνʹfeatureϒϥϯνੜͯ͠Ϛʔδ͢Δ͚ͩ ͷϞσϧ • WebαʔϏεͱ͔͖ͬΓͨ͠ৗʹϦϦʔεͩͥˑΈ͍ͨ ͳϦϦʔεϞσϧΛ࠾༻ͯ͠ΔͳΒઈରͬͪ͜
• Git Flow͚ͬͨͲͭΒ͍…͎ŵŧƄແཧɻɻͬͯͳͬͨΒ ͬͪ͜
http://shoma2da.hatenablog.com/entry/2015/11/04/233534
ΊͬͪΌγϯϓϧ
GitHub Flow • GitHub Flowͷ੍ • masterʹ͋ΔͷͳΜͰσϓϩΠՄೳ(ͪΌΜͱಈ͔ͳ͖Ό͍͚ͳ͍) • master͔ΒfeatureΛੜ͢ͱ໊͖લΛઆ໌తͳͷʹ͢Δ͜ͱ(new- oauth2-scopesͱ͔)
• masterʹϚʔδͰ͖Δͱײͨ͡ΓɺԿ͔ॿݴ͕ཉ͔ͬͨ͠Βmasterʹ͚ͯ PullRequestΛ͛Δ(·ͩϚʔδͰ͖ͳ͍ͱ͖[WIP]ͱ͚ͭΔͱΘ͔Γ ͯ͘͢Α͍) • ϚʔδΛͨ͠Βͦͷϒϥϯν͙͢ফ͠ɺ࠶ར༻͠ͳ͍
GitHub Flow • masterʹ͋ΔͷͳΜͰσϓϩΠՄೳ(ͪΌΜͱಈ͔ͳ͖Ό͍͚ͳ͍) • master͔ΒfeatureΛੜ͢ͱ͖ӳޠͷ໊લͰઆ໌తͳͷʹ͢Δ͜ͱ (new-oauth2-scopesͱ͔) • ܾͯࣗ͠ͷ໊લͷϒϥϯνΛ࡞Βͳ͍ •
͜ͷ2ͭͷ੍ʹؔͯ͠ͲΜͳϒϥϯνϞσϧΛͬͯඞͣकΔ͜ͱ! (कΒͳ͍ͱ୭͕ԿΛ͍ͬͯΔͷ͔Θ͔Βͳ͘ͳͬͨΓͯ͠ɺ νʔϜ։ൃ͕͘͠ͳΔ)
࣮ࡍ։ൃͯͯ͠Ͳ͏ͳͷ • AndroidΞϓϦ͔͠Θ͔Βͳ͍͚ͲɺGit Flow Λগ͔͠ΜͨΜʹͨ͠ϒϥϯνϞσϧΛͬ ͯ։ൃ͢ΔͱίϯϑϦΫτ͢Δස͕ݮͬͯ ྑ͍ • PullRequestͳͲͰϨϏϡʔ͠߹͏͜ͱͰ໌Β ͔ʹ͓͔͍͠ॻ͖ํ͕ݮΔ
࣮ࡍ։ൃͯͯ͠Ͳ͏ͳͷ • ؾ͍ͮͨͱ͖ʹIssueΛॻ͍͍ͯ͘͜ͱͰ࣍ʹ Βͳ͚Ε͍͚ͳ͍͜ͱ͕͖ͬΓ͢Δ • Issueͩͱ͔PRͩͱ͔श׳͚ͮΛ͠ͳ͍ͱ͠ ΜͲ͘ͳͬͯ͘Δ
։ൃͷͨΊͷश׳͚ͮ • ΞϓϦ൝ͷͱ͋ΔνʔϜͰ… • શһ͕ू·ΔͰ͋Ζ͏׆ಈʹɺͦͷʹ͍ ΔશһͰIssueΛݟ͠ɺ༏ઌΛܾΊ͍ͯ͘ • ࠓिඞͣΔͷΛϐοΫΞοϓ࣮ͯ͠ • ͱ͍͏͜ͱΛຖिඞ͍ͣͬͯΔ
ࠓΔ͜ͱ • GitHubΛͬͨνʔϜ։ൃ • ͱΓ͋͑ͣGitΛͬͯΈΔ • READMEͷॻ͖ํ • gitignore
Git࣮ࡍʹखΛಈ͔͞ͳ͍ͱ શ͘ʹ͖ͭ·ͤΜ
ͳͷͰGitͰใΛ ॻ͖·͠ΐ͏
ใͷϦϙδτϦ • ֤νʔϜ͝ͱʹใΛॻ͘ϦϙδτϦΛ͚ ͍ͯ·͢ • ΞϓϦ൝ -> app.docs • ϋʔυΣΞ൝
-> hardware.docs • VR൝ -> vr.docs
ใͷϦϙδτϦ • ͳΜͰ xxx.docsͱ͍͏໊લʹ͍ͯ͠Δͷ? • KIESϓϩδΣΫτਓ͕ଟ͗͢ΔͷͰ͚ͨ • ͜͜ʹ֤൝ͷυΩϡϝϯτҰॹʹཧͯ͠΄ ͍͔͠Β •
GitͱPRͷ࿅शͱࢥ͍͚ͬͯͨͩΕ
ใͷॻ͖ํ • ݸਓͷใ֤൝ͷϦϙδτϦͷmaster͔Β ࣗͷ໊લ(খจࣈӳࣈ)ͷϒϥϯνΛͬͯॻ ͍ͯΒ͍·͢ • ςϯϓϨʔτ͕͋ΔͷͰͦΕΛίϐʔͯ͠ progress-2017/12/01.mdΈ͍ͨͳϑΝΠϧ໊ Ͱอଘͯ͠ॻ͍͍ͯͩ͘͞
ใͷॻ͖ํ • Markdownͱ͍͏ه๏ͰใΛॻ͖·͢ • Markdownͷॻ͖ํʮMarkdown ॻ͖ํʯ ͰάάΕग़ͯ͘ΔͷͰ͙͙͍ͬͯͩ͘͞ • λΠτϧʮ<:2017/11/30>::ใ::<໊લ >ʯΈ͍ͨͳײ͡Ͱॻ͍͍ͯͩ͘͞
masterʹஔ͘ͷ • masterʹ֤൝ͷυΩϡϝϯτΛ͓͍ͯΒ͍·͢ • खॱॻͱ͔Tipsͱ͔ • Ͱ͖ΕPowerPointͱ͔Wordͱ͔Ͱॻ͔ͳ͍Ͱ MarkdownͰॻ͍ͯ΄͍͠Ͱ͢ • PowerPointͱ͔WordͩͱWeb্ͰݟΕͳ͍
• υΩϡϝϯτPRͰͷΈՃ͢ΔΑ͏ʹ͍ͯͩ͘͠͞
ৄ֤͘͠ϦϙδτϦͷ READMEΛݟͯͶ
ࠓΔ͜ͱ • GitHubΛͬͨνʔϜ։ൃ • ͱΓ͋͑ͣGitΛͬͯΈΔ • READMEͷॻ͖ํ • gitignore
README • ϝϯόʔ͕ͦͷϓϩδΣΫτʹೖͬͨͱ͖ʹ࠷ॳʹݟΔυΩϡ ϝϯτ • ϓϩδΣΫτʹ͍ͭͯͷඞཁ࠷ݶͷใΛॻ͘ • ͜ΕΛॻ͘ͱϝϯόʔ͕READMEΛಡΉ͚ͩͰϓϩ δΣΫτʹ͍ͭͯΘ͔Δ •
ϓϩδΣΫτʹ͍ͭͯͷ༷ॻ • νʔϜ։ൃΛ͢Δ্Ͱίʔυͱಉ͙͡Β͍େ
READMEʹԿΛॻ͘ͷ͔ 1. ϓϩδΣΫτͷ໊લ 2. ԿΛ͢ΔͨΊϓϩδΣΫτͰ͜ΕΛ͏ͱԿ͕Ͱ͖Δͷ͔ 3. ϓϩδΣΫτͷ͍ํͱΠϯετʔϧํ๏ 4. ϓϩδΣΫτͷ։ൃΛ͢Δ্ͰඞཁͳϥΠϒϥϦͩͬͨΓ πʔϧҰཡͱɺΠϯετʔϧํ๏
5. πʔϧͰ͋ΕαϯϓϧίʔυͳΜ͔ΛࡌͤΔ
αϯϓϧͷREADME https://github.com/kiesproject/MawaRoute
ࠓΔ͜ͱ • GitHubΛͬͨνʔϜ։ൃ • ͱΓ͋͑ͣGitΛͬͯΈΔ • READMEͷॻ͖ํ • gitignore
gitignoreͱͳΜͧ • gitͰཧͨ͘͠ͳ͍ϑΝΠϧΛআ֎͢ΔͨΊͷ Έ • CݴޠͩͬͨΒίϯύΠϧͨ͋͠ͱͷΦϒδΣ ΫτϑΝΠϧͩͬͨΓ࣮ߦϑΝΠϧ • ΤσΟλIDEͷconfigϑΝΠϧͩͬͨΓ •
ϓϩδΣΫτʹΰϛΛೖΕͳ͍ͨΊʹඞཁ
gitignoreͷछྨ • Global gitignore • Local gitignore
Global gitignore • ͯ͢ͷgitϦϙδτϦʹద༻͞ΕΔgitignore • OSͷΩϟογϡϑΝΠϧ(.DS_Storeͱ͔ thumbs.db)ΤσΟλͷઃఆϑΝΠϧͱ͔Λ ઃఆ͢Δ
Local gitignore • ϦϙδτϦ͝ͱʹద༻͞ΕΔgitignore • ༻͍ͯ͠ΔݴޠͷઃఆͩͬͨΓɺϦϙδτϦͩ ͚ͰGitཧ֎ʹ͍ͨ͠σΟϨΫτϦΛઃఆ͢Δ • OSͷϑΝΠϧIDEͷઃఆͱ͔ઈରೖΕͳ͍! (શһ͕ಉ͡OSɺIDEΤσΟλΛͬͯΔͱݶ
Βͳ͍)
gitignoreͷॻ͖ํ • σΟϨΫτϦ • <σΟϨΫτϦ໊> / • ϫΠϧυΧʔυ • *
(ΞελϦεΫ) ͰύλʔϯʹϚον͢Δͯ͢ͷϑΝΠϧ͕ আ֎͞ΕΔ • ֦ுࢠ • *.py, *.java
gitignoreͷॻ͖ํ • আ֎ͷআ֎ • ߦͷઌ಄ʹʮ!ʯΛ͚ͭΔ͜ͱͰGitཧͷআ֎͔Βআ֎͢Δ͜ͱ͕Մೳ • ྫ͑ɺbuildσΟϨΫτϦΛGitཧ͔Βআ֎͍͕ͨ͠ɺதʹ͋Δi- need.txtͱ͍͏ϑΝΠϧ͚ͩͲ͏ͯ͠GitͰཧ͍ͨ͠ͱ͖ • build/
!build/i-need.txt • ίϝϯτ • ʮ#ʯΛߦͷઌ಄ʹ͚ͭΕͦͷߦίϝϯτͱͯ͠ॲཧ͞ΕΔ
࣮ࡍʹॻ͘ͱ͜Μͳײ͡ # Windows thumbnail cache files Thumbs.db ehthumbs.db ehthumbs_vista.db #
Dump file *.stackdump # Folder config file [Dd]esktop.ini # Recycle Bin used on file shares $RECYCLE.BIN/ # Windows Installer files *.cab *.msi
Global gitignoreͷஔ͖ॴ • جຊతʹUser HomeσΟϨΫτϦʹஔ͘ • Windows • %USERPROFILE%\.gitignore_global •
macOS • $HOME/.gitignore_global
Local gitignoreͷஔ͖ॴ • ϓϩδΣΫτͷRootσΟϨΫτϦʹஔ͘ • ϑΝΠϧ “.gitignore” Ͱͳ͍ͱGitʹೝࣝ ͞Εͳ͍ •
ࢠͷσΟϨΫτϦʹஔ͍ͯେৎ
Global gitignoreద༻ํ๏ • ίϚϯυ (ָͩ͠Φεεϝ) • git config --global core.excludesfile
<.gitignore_globalͷpath> • ϑΝΠϧΛ͍͡Δ • User HomeσΟϨΫτϦʹ “.gitconfig”ͱ͍͏ϑΝΠϧ͕͋Δ ͷͰͦͷதʹҎԼͷΑ͏ʹॻ͚OK • [core] excludesfile = path/to/gitignore_global
͜͜Λݟͳ͕Βઃఆ͢Δͱ͍͍ https://github.com/github/gitignore