Modern PHP, Standards, and Community (phpDay 2017)

Learn how to structure and maintain a modern day PHP project using the latest standards. We'll walk through recent language improvements and how they will affect your day to day development. This will use code examples to give you in depth, real world examples of usage.

We'll also cover the latest community initiatives and standards including the PHPFIG along with the PSRs they have introduced.

Transcript

1. PHP
   modern
   standards &
   Community
   

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2. Who is this guy?
   Ben Edmunds
   @benedmunds
   http://benedmunds.com
   

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3. Who is this guy?
   Ben Edmunds
   Open Source
   Author
   PHP Town Hall Podcast
   CTO at Mindfulware
   

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4. Welcome to
   the Future
   

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5. Welcome to the Future
   Exceptions
   
   PDO
   

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6. Welcome to the Future
   Closures
   
   Namespaces
   

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7. Welcome to the Future
   Short Array Syntax
   
   Traits
   
   Password Hashing
   

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8. Welcome to the Future
   Null Coalescing
   
   Scalar Type Hints
   
   Return Type Declarations
   

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9. Legit Tools
   

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10. Legit Tools
    Built-in Server
    Unit Testing
    Composer
    

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11. Standards
    

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12. Standards
    PHP-FIG
    PSRs
    

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13. Community
    

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14. Community
    Twitter
    etc
    User Groups
    

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15. Welcome to
    the Future
    

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16. Great Scott!
    

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17. Exceptions
    

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19. Exceptions
    try {
    
    //your code goes here
    
    }
    
    catch (Exception $e) {
    
    die($e->getMessage());
    
    }
    

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20. Exceptions
    try {
    
    //your code goes here
    
    }
    
    catch (Exception $e) {
    
    die($e->getMessage());
    
    }
    

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21. Errors
    Exception implements Throwable
    Error implements Throwable
    

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22. Errors
    try {
    
    //error thrown here
    
    }
    
    catch (Error $e) {
    
    die($e->getMessage());
    
    }
    

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23. Errors
    try {
    
    //error thrown here
    
    } catch (Error $e) {
    
    die($e->getMessage());
    
    } catch (Exception $e) {
    
    die($e->getMessage());
    
    }
    

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24. Errors
    try {
    
    //err or excpt thrown here
    
    } catch (Throwable $t) {
    
    die($t->getMessage());
    
    }
    

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25. PDO
    

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27. PDO
    Cross System
    

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28. PDO
    Cross System
    MS SQL
    
    MySQL
    
    Oracle
    
    PostgreSQL
    
    SQLite
    CUBRID
    
    Firebird
    
    Informix
    
    ODBC & DB2
    
    4D
    

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29. PDO
    Cross System
    Safe Binding
    

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30. PDO
    $stmt = $db->prepare(‘
    
    SELECT * FROM users
    
    WHERE id=:id
    
    ’);
    
    $stmt->bindParam(‘:id’, $id);
    
    $stmt->execute();
    

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31. Closures
    

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33. Closures
    Route::get(‘/', function(){
    
    
    
    return View::make(‘index');
    
    });
    

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34. Closures
    Route::get(‘/', function(){
    
    
    
    return View::make(‘index');
    
    });
    

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35. Namespaces
    

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37. Namespaces
    namespace Illuminate\Console;
    
    class Command
    
    {
    
    //…
    

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38. Namespaces
    use Illuminate\Console\Command;
    namespace Illuminate\Console;
    
    class Command
    
    {
    
    //…
    

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39. Namespaces
    use Illuminate\Console\Command;
    namespace Illuminate\Console;
    
    class Command
    
    {
    
    //…
    

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40. Short Array
    Syntax
    

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42. Short Array Syntax
    $array = array(
    
    0 => ‘value1’,
    
    1 => ‘value2’,
    
    );
    

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43. Short Array Syntax
    $array = [
    
    0 => ‘value1’,
    
    1 => ‘value2’,
    
    ];
    

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44. Short Array Syntax
    $array = [
    
    0 => ‘value1’,
    
    1 => ‘value2’,
    
    ];
    

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45. Traits
    

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46. Traits
    // grouping without
    
    // strict inheritance
    
    trait baseUser {
    
    function getName() {
    
    return ‘Jon Snow’;
    
    }
    
    }
    

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47. Traits
    class adminUser {
    
    use baseUser;
    
    }
    

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48. Traits
    $adminUser = new adminUser;
    
    echo $adminUser->getName();
    
    //output = ‘Jon Snow’
    

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49. Passwords
    

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50. Passwords
    //safe password hashing
    
    password_hash($_POST['pass'], ALGO);
    

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51. Passwords
    //safe password hashing
    
    password_hash($_POST['pass'], ALGO);
    //password verification
    
    password_verify($_POST['pass'], $u->pass);
    

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52. Passwords
    //safe password hashing
    
    password_hash($_POST['pass'], ALGO);
    //password verification
    
    password_verify($_POST['pass'], $u->pass);
    //password rehashing
    
    password_needs_rehash($u->pass, ALGO);
    

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53. Passwords
    if (password_verify($_POST['pass'], $u->pass)) {
    
    if (password_needs_rehash(
    
    $u->pass,
    
    PASSWORD_DEFAULT
    
    )) {
    
    $u->pass = password_hash(
    
    $_POST['pass'],
    
    PASSWORD_DEFAULT
    
    );
    
    $u->save();
    
    

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54. Null
    Coalescing
    Operator
    

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55. Null Coalescing
    $val = $_GET['val'] ?? 'default';
    

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56. Null Coalescing
    $val = $_GET['val'] ?? 'default';
    

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57. Null Coalescing
    $val = isset($_GET[‘val’]) ?
    
    $_GET[‘val’] : 'default';
    

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58. Types!
    

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60. Scalar Type
    Hinting
    

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61. Scalar Types
    declare(strict_types=1);
    
    function addNums(float $a, float $b) {
    
    return $a + $b;
    
    }
    
    

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62. Scalar Types
    declare(strict_types=1);
    
    function addNums(float $a, float $b) {
    
    return $a + $b;
    
    }
    
    addNums(2, "1 week");
    
    // Fatal error: Uncaught TypeError:
    Argument 2 passed to addNums() must
    be of the type float, string given
    

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63. Scalar Types
    function addNums(float $a, float $b)
    
    addNums(2, "1 week”);
    
    // Fatal error: Uncaught TypeError:
    Argument 2 passed to addNums()
    must be of the type float, string given
    

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64. Scalar Types
    try {
    
    addNums(2, "1 week”);
    
    }
    
    catch(TypeError $e) {}
    
    

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65. Scalar Types
    try {
    
    addNums(2, 1);
    
    }
    
    catch(TypeError $e) {}
    
    //3
    
    

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66. Scalar Types
    class/interface
    
    array
    
    callable
    
    bool
    
    float
    
    int
    
    string
    
    

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67. Return Type
    Declarations
    

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68. Scalar Types
    function addNums(float $a, float $b) : float {
    
    return $a + $b;
    
    }
    
    

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69. Scalar Types
    function addNums(float $a, float $b) : float {
    
    return $a + $b;
    
    }
    
    

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70. Scalar Types
    function addNums($a, $b) : int {
    
    return $a + $b;
    
    }
    
    addNums(1.5, 1);
    
    // Fatal error: Uncaught TypeError: Return value of
    addNums() must be of the type integer, float
    returned
    

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71. Legit Tools
    

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73. Built-in
    Web Server
    

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74. Built-in Server
    $ php -S localhost:8000
    
    PHP 5.7.0 Development Server started…
    Listening on localhost:8000
    
    Document root is /home/ben/htdocs
    
    Press Ctrl-C to quit
    

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75. Composer
    

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76. Another
    Package Manager!?
    

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77. Composer
    Sane Package
    
    Management
    

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78. Composer
    Autoloading
    

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79. Composer
    PEAR, ha!
    packagist.org
    

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80. Composer
    / composer.json
    
    {
    
    "require": {
    
    "stripe/stripe-php": "dev-master",
    
    "twilio/sdk": "dev-master"
    
    }
    
    }
    

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81. Composer
    $ php composer.phar install
    -> composer.lock
    

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82. Composer
    $ php composer.phar install
    -> composer.lock
    Commit it ^
    

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83. Composer
    $ php composer.phar install
    /composer.lock
    

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84. Composer
    $ php composer.phar update
    /composer.json
    

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85. Composer
    $client =
    
    new Services_Twilio($sid, $tkn);
    $client->account
    
    ->messages
    
    ->sendMessage(…)
    

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86. Unit Testing
    

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88. Unit Testing
    PHPUnit
    
    Behat
    
    Mink
    Selenium
    
    CodeCeption
    
    PHPSpec
    

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89. Unit Testing
    class ApiAuthTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase {
    
    public function testVerify() {
    
    $auth = new apiAuth();
    
    
    
    $this->assertTrue($auth->verify());
    

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90. Unit Testing
    class ApiAuthTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase {
    
    public function testVerify() {
    
    $auth = new apiAuth();
    
    
    
    $this->assertTrue($auth->verify());
    

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91. Unit Testing
    $ phpunit tests
    
    PHPUnit 3.3.17 by Sebastian Bergmann.
    
    Time: 0.01 seconds
    
    OK (1 tests, 1 assertions)
    

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92. Standards
    

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94. Standards
    PHP-FIG
    Framework
    
    Interop
    
    Group
    

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95. Standards
    Member Projects
    Zend
    
    Symfony
    
    CakePHP
    Magento
    
    Joomla
    
    Drupal
    

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96. Standards
    PSRs
    PHP
    
    Standards
    
    Recommendation
    

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97. Standards
    PSRs
    Autoloading
    
    Interfaces
    
    Style Guides
    

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98. Standards
    PSRs
    PSR-4: Autoloading
    
    PSR-1: Basic Coding Standards
    
    PSR-2: Coding Style Guide
    
    PSR-7: HTTP Message Interface
    
    PSR-6: Caching Interface
    
    PSR-3: Logger Interface
    

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99. Standards
    PSR-4
    Auto-loading
    Replaces PSR-0
    Used by Composer
    

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100. Standards
     $client =
     
     new Services_Twilio($sid, $tkn);
     $client->account
     
     ->messages
     
     ->sendMessage(…)
     

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101. Standards
     PSR-1
     Basic Coding Styles
     Generally accepted
     Not very opinionated
     

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102. Standards
     PSR-1
     Basic Coding Styles
     camelCasing
     Opening Tags
     Namespacing
     Class Names
     UTF-8
     

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103. Standards
     PSR-2
     Coding Style Guide
     Greater Detail
     Opinionated
     

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104. Standards
     PSR-2
     Coding Style Guide
     Spacing
     Braces
     Lines
     Keywords
     Bools
     Control Struct
     

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105. Standards
     PSR-7
     HTTP Message Interface
     Requests Responses
     

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106. Community
     

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108. Community
     Open
     Inviting
     Genuine
     

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109. Community
     Twitter
     @phpc
     https://twitter.com/CalEvans
     /lists/phpeople
     Framework / Project
     

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110. Community
     Mailing List
     http://php.net/mailing-lists.php
     

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111. Community
     IRC
     Freenode
     #phpc
     ##php
     

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112. Community
     Blogs
     PlanetPHP
     php[architect]
     

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113. Community
     Podcasts
     PHP Roundtable
     PHP Townhall
     Voices of the ElePHPant
     

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114. Community
     Local User Group
     Nearest Large City
     Start It!
     

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115. Community
     Local User Group?
     

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116. Community
     Conferences
     Hallway Track
     Dinner
     Drinks
     Hotel Common Space
     

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117. Q/A
     

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118. Resources
     

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120. Resources
     PHP.net
     

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121. Resources
     Modern Frameworks
     Laravel
     
     Symfony
     SlimPHP
     
     Silex
     

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122. Resources
     leanpub.com/
     
     phptherightway
     PHPtheRightWay.com
     

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123. Resources
     SecuringPhpApps.com SecuringNodeApps.com
     

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124. Thanks!
     Ben Edmunds
     @benedmunds
     http://benedmunds.com
     https://joind.in/talk/44ebe
     

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