What to expect in Rails 4.0

Transcript

1. What to expect in Rails 4.0
2. 4.0
3. Question?
4. #rails4 Tweet with this hashtag
5. Stats
6. 5,863 Commits 62,684 + 64,585 –
7. $ git log 9d6e52b...master |\ pipe> sort | uniq | wc -l 683 683 Contributors
8. New Features Strong Parameters Null Relation Rails Queue Russian Doll Caching Relation#inspect Schema Cache Dump Routing Concern HTML5 tag helpers HTTP PATCH {asset}_url helpers .first and .last now have order() defined Scope mutation config.eager_load replaces threadsafe! Relation#pluck takes multiple arguments
9. Deprecations ActiveRecord::SessionStore Old Dynamic Finders ActiveResource .scoped() Old Hash Finders Eager Evaluated Scope Rails Plugins
10. Release Note http://edgeguides.rubyonrails.org/4_0_release_notes.html
11. Notable Changes
12. Strong Parameters
13. Strong Parameters • Replaces attr_accessor and attr_protected • Will be extracted as a gem (Dependency of Rails 4.0) • Moves parameters filtering concern to controller
14. # app/models/user.rb class User < ActiveRecord::Base attr_accessible :username, :password, :password_confirmation end # app/controllers/users_controller.rb class UsersController < ApplicationController def create @user = User.create!(params[:user]) redirect_to @user end end
15. # app/models/user.rb class User < ActiveRecord::Base; end # app/controllers/users_controller.rb class UsersController < ApplicationController def create @user = User.create!(user_params) redirect_to @user end private def user_params params.require(:user).permit(:username, :password, :password_confirmation) end end
16. # app/controllers/users_controller.rb class UsersController < ApplicationController def create @user = User.create!(params[:user]) redirect_to @user end end
17. # app/controllers/users_controller.rb class UsersController < ApplicationController def create @user = User.create!(params[:user]) redirect_to @user end end #=> Raises ActiveModel::ForbiddenAttributes
18. params.require(:user).permit(:username, :password, :password_confirmation)
19. params.require(:user).permit(:username, :password, :password_confirmation)
20. params.require(:user).permit(:username, :password, :password_confirmation) => POST /users Data: username=sikachu
21. params.require(:user).permit(:username, :password, :password_confirmation) => POST /users Data: username=sikachu <= 400 Bad Request
22. params.require(:user).permit(:username, :password, :password_confirmation) => POST /users Data: user[username]=sikachu
23. params.require(:user).permit(:username, :password, :password_confirmation) => POST /users Data: user[username]=sikachu <= 201 Created
24. params.require(:user).permit(:username, :password, :password_confirmation)
25. params.require(:user).permit(:username, :password, :password_confirmation) => POST /users Data: user[username]=sikachu&user[admin]=true
26. params.require(:user).permit(:username, :password, :password_confirmation) => POST /users Data: user[username]=sikachu&user[admin]=true <= 201 Created
27. params.require(:user).permit(:username, :password, :password_confirmation) => POST /users Data: user[username]=sikachu&user[admin]=true <= 201 Created irb> User.find_by_username('sikachu').admin? => false
28. Easier multi-roles filtering # app/controllers/users_controller.rb class UsersController < ApplicationController def user_params params.require(:user).permit(:username, :password, :password_confirmation) end end # app/controllers/admin/users_controller.rb class Admin::UsersController < ApplicationController def user_params params.require(:user).permit(User.attribute_names) end end
29. Only works in controller @user.update_attributes(name: 'sikachu', admin: true)
30. Try Out Today! https://github.com/rails/strong_parameters Fully compatible with Rails 3.2.8
31. ActiveSupport::Queue
32. *Not Finalized Yet* At the time of this presentation ...
33. Job # Requires an object that respond to #run class UserRegistrationMailerJob < Struct.new(:user_id) def run user = User.find(user_id) UserMailer.welcome_email(user).deliver end end
34. Queue it! # Pass in an object that respond to #run class UserRegistrationMailerJob < Struct.new(:user_id) def run user = User.find(user_id) UserMailer.welcome_email(user).deliver end end # Usage Rails.queue.push UserRegistrationMailerJob(@user.id)
35. Defaults • ActiveSupport::Queuing::Queue • Inherits from ::Queue (STDLIB) • ThreadConsumer will run the job in the background thread automatically.
36. Configurations # Default Container and Consumer config.queue = :asynchronous config.queue = :synchronous # Resque support in Resque 2.0.0.beta config.queue = :resque
37. Asynchronous ActionMailer
38. # config/application.rb config.action_mailer.async = true
39. Asynchronous ActionMailer Submitted by Brian Cardarella https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/6839
40. Cache Digests
41. Cache Digests “Russian Doll Caching”
42. Russian Doll Caching @topic
43. Russian Doll Caching @post @topic
44. Russian Doll Caching @post @user @topic
45. <%# app/views/topics/show.html.erb %> <% cache [ "v1", @topic ] do %> <h1><%= Topic.title %></h1> <%= render @topic.posts %> <% end %> <%# app/views/posts/_post.html.erb %> <% cache [ "v1", post ] do %> <%= render post.author %> <%= post.content %> <% end %> <%# app/views/users/_user.html.erb %> <% cache [ "v1", user ] do %> Posted by <%= user.name %> <% end %> Russian Doll Caching
46. @post @user @topic Update Template
47. @topic @user @post Update Template
48. <%# app/views/topics/show.html.erb %> <% cache [ "v2", @topic ] do %> ... <% end %> <%# app/views/posts/_post.html.erb %> <% cache [ "v1", post ] do %> ... <% end %> <%# app/views/users/_user.html.erb %> <% cache [ "v1", user ] do %> ... <% end %> Expire Cache
49. @topic @user @post Update Template
50. @topic @user @post Update Template
51. @topic @user @post Update Template
52. Expire Cache <%# app/views/topics/show.html.erb %> <% cache [ "v3", @topic ] do %> ... <% end %> <%# app/views/posts/_post.html.erb %> <% cache [ "v2", post ] do %> ... <% end %> <%# app/views/users/_user.html.erb %> <% cache [ "v1", user ] do %> ... <% end %>
53. @topic @user @post Update Template
54. @user @topic @post Update Template
55. @user @topic @post Update Template
56. @user @topic @post Update Template
57. Expire Cache <%# app/views/topics/show.html.erb %> <% cache [ "v2", @topic ] do %> ... <% end %> <%# app/views/posts/_post.html.erb %> <% cache [ "v3", post ] do %> ... <% end %> <%# app/views/users/_user.html.erb %> <% cache [ "v4", user ] do %> ... <% end %>
58. Crazy!
59. Cache Digests
60. <%# app/views/topics/show.html.erb %> <% cache @topic do %> <h1><%= Topic.title %></h1> <%= render @topic.posts %> <% end %> <%# app/views/posts/_post.html.erb %> <% cache post do %> <%= render post.author %> <%= post.content %> <% end %> <%# app/views/users/_user.html.erb %> <% cache user do %> Posted by <%= user.name %> <% end %> Your Template
61. Generate MD5 of template and its dependencies as cache key views/topics/605816632-20120810191209/d9fb66b120b61f46707c67ab41d93cb2
62. Cache Expiration It just works!
63. $ rake cache_digests:dependencies TEMPLATE=topics/show [ "posts/post" ] $ rake cache_digests:nested_dependencies TEMPLATE=topics/show [ { "posts/post": [ "users/user" ] } ] Inspect Dependencies
64. Try Out Today! https://github.com/rails/cache_digests Fully compatible with Rails 3.2.8
65. Cached Schema Dump
66. Cached Schema Dump Speed up Rails startup time
67. $ bundle exec rake db:schema:cache:dump => generate db/schema_cache.dump # You might want to add this to your repository $ RAILS_ENV=production bundle exec rails server => use db/schema_cache.dump
68. # config/environments/production.rb # Enabled by default config.active_record.use_schema_cache_dump = true
69. PATCH verb support
70. RFC 5789 • The PUT method is already defined to overwrite a resource with a complete new body, and cannot be reused to do partial changes. Otherwise, proxies and caches, and even clients and servers, may get confused as to the result of the operation. • This specification defines the new HTTP/1.1 method, PATCH, which is used to apply partial modifications to a resource.
71. <%= form_for @user do |f| %> <form action="/users/1" method="post" ... > <div style="margin:0;padding:0;display:inline"> <input name="utf8" type="hidden" value="&#x2713;" /> <input name="_method" type="hidden" value="patch" /> <input name="authenticity_token" ... /> ...
72. PUT /users/1 PATCH /users/1 => class UsersController < Appli def update end end
73. Routing Concern
74. Routing Concern Clean up duplicate routes
75. Before resources :messages do resources :comments end resources :posts do resources :comments resources :images, only: :index end
76. After concern :commentable do resources :comments end concern :image_attachables do resources :images, only: :index end resources :messages, concerns: :commentable resources :posts, concerns: [:commentable, : image_attachables]
77. ActiveRecord::Relation
78. Relation.first Relation.last
79. Relation.first Relation.last Always return record ordered by id
80. Relation.first Relation.last # User.first SELECT “users”.* FROM “users” ORDER BY id LIMIT 1 # User.last SELECT “users”.* FROM “users” ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT 1
81. Relation.all
82. Relation.all Always return ActiveRecord::Relation object
83. Relation.all User.all # => #<ActiveRecord::Relation [#<User ...>, #<User ...>, ...]> User.to_a # => [#<User ...>, #<User ...>, ...]
84. Relation.none
85. Relation.none Returns ActiveRecord::NullRelation
86. Relation.none Still chainable!
87. # app/controllers/users_controller.rb class UsersController < ApplicationController def index @users = Users.name_starts_with(params[:prefix]). order(:name).paginate(params[:page], :per_page => 15) end end # app/models/user.rb class User < ActiveRecord::Base def self.starts_with(prefix) if prefix.present? where('name LIKE ?', "#{prefix}%") else # ... ? ... end end end
88. # app/controllers/users_controller.rb class UsersController < ApplicationController def index @users = Users.name_starts_with(params[:prefix]). order(:name).paginate(params[:page], :per_page => 15) end end # app/models/user.rb class User < ActiveRecord::Base def self.starts_with(prefix) if prefix.present? where('name LIKE ?', "#{prefix}%") else [] end end end
89. # app/controllers/users_controller.rb class UsersController < ApplicationController def index @users = Users.name_starts_with(params[:prefix]). order(:name).paginate(params[:page], :per_page => 15) end end # app/models/user.rb class User < ActiveRecord::Base def self.starts_with(prefix) if prefix.present? where('name LIKE ?', "#{prefix}%") else [] #=> NoMethodError when calling #order end end end
90. # app/controllers/users_controller.rb class UsersController < ApplicationController def index @users = Users.name_starts_with(params[:prefix]). order(:name).paginate(params[:page], :per_page => 15) end end # app/models/user.rb class User < ActiveRecord::Base def self.starts_with(prefix) if prefix.present? where('name LIKE ?', "#{prefix}%") else none end end end
91. Relation._____!
92. Relation._____! Mutates current relation
93. # app/controller/users_controller.rb class UsersController < ApplicationController def index @users = User @users = @users.where(:id => params[:id]) if params[:id] @users = @users.includes(:comments) if params[:comments] @users = @users.order(:name) end end
94. # app/controller/users_controller.rb class UsersController < ApplicationController def index @users = User @users.where!(:id => params[:id]) if params[:id] @users.includes!(:comments) if params[:comments] @users.order!(:name) end end
95. bind! create_with! eager_load! extending! from! group! having! includes! joins! limit! lock! offset! order! preload! readonly! references! reorder! reverse_order! select! uniq! where!
96. Deprecations
97. AR::Base.scoped
98. AR::Base.scoped Removed
99. AR::Base.scoped Use Model.all instead
100. Dynamic Finder Methods
101. find_all_by_... => where(...) find_last_by_... => where(...).last scoped_by_... => where(...) find_or_create_by_... => where(...).first_or_create find_or_create_by_...! => where(...).first_or_create! find_or_initialize_by_... => where(...).first_or_initialize
102. Bring Back gem 'activerecord-deprecated_finders', github: 'rails/activerecord-deprecated_finders' External dependency in Rails 4.0 (Remove in Rails 4.1)
103. Hash-based Finders
104. User.find(:first) User.find(:last, :order => 'id') User.find(:all, :conditions => { :active => true })
105. Bring Back gem 'activerecord-deprecated_finders', github: 'rails/activerecord-deprecated_finders' External dependency in Rails 4.0 (Remove in Rails 4.1)
106. Eager Evaluated Scope
107. class User < ActiveRecord::Base scope :recent, where('created_at >= ?', 1.week.ago) end
108. class User < ActiveRecord::Base scope :recent, where('created_at >= ?', 1.week.ago) end
109. class User < ActiveRecord::Base scope :recent, where('created_at >= ?', 1.week.ago) end
110. Scope now requires a lambda
111. class User < ActiveRecord::Base scope :recent, -> { where('created_at >= ?', 1.week.ago) } end
112. ActiveRecord::SessionStore
113. ActiveRecord::SessionStore Extracted as a gem
114. gem 'activerecord-session_store', github: 'rails/activerecord_session_store' https://github.com/rails/activerecord-session_store
115. ActiveResource
116. ActiveResource Extracted as a gem
117. gem 'activeresource' https://github.com/rails/activeresource
118. Rails::Plugin
119. Rails::Plugin Removed
120. • Move it to your lib/ directory • Make it as a gem
121. New Deprecation Policy
122. SemVer Semantic Versioning
123. SemVer Semantic Versioning
124. Ver
125. Rails 3.1.x End of Life
126. Rails 3.2.x Some Deprecation Warnings (Support Until Rails 4.1.0 Comes Out)
127. Rails 4.0.0 Deprecation Warnings
128. Rails 4.1.0 Remove Deprecated Features
129. Smooth Upgrade From Rails 3.2.x to Rails 4.0.0
130. Release Candidate?
131. Release Candidate? Soon!
132. Try Now! # Gemfile # gem 'rails', '3.2.8' gem 'rails', github: 'rails/rails' $ bundle update
133. Report Bugs https://github.com/rails/rails/issues
134. Learn https://learn.thoughtbot.com/rails
135. Thank you! Prem Sichanugrist https://github.com/sikachu @sikachu Questions: #rails4