Asynchronous PHP and Why you should care as a PHP Developer

In this talk, we will examine how traditional PHP Applications works and their limitations. We'll look into how Asynchronous PHP proffer solutions to some of these problems.

Transcript

1. Asynchronous PHP and Why you should care as a PHP Developer Olatunbosun Egberinde
2. About Me... • PHP/JS/Typescript Developer • In a Love Relationship with PHP • EEE Student • UNEMPLOYED @bosunski
3. About You... • PHP Developer • PHP Enthusiasts • Laravel Developer
4. About The Talk... • Aggregated talks from experts in this field • Not a one size fits all talk.
5. Our Journey • PHP Now • Traditional PHP Apps • Async Apps (Why you should care) • Getting Started • The Building Blocks • Applying all these
6. PHP Now
7. — Rasmus Lerdorf - PHP’S DAD I saw PHP as a thin Templating system … [but] the world disagreed with me. ” “ — Rasmus Lerdorf (PHP’S DAD) @WeAreDevelopers Conference
8. In 2019, PHP is more than what it used to be.
9. PHP CMSs
10. PHP Frameworks
11. GitHub Octoverse 2019
12. PHP IN 2019 PHP HAS COME A LONG WAY TO EVOLVE INTO SOMETHING REALLY USEFUL AS COMPARED TO ITS INCEPTION • Better Typing System • Robust CLI SAPI • Long Running Processes • FPM • JIT • Preloading • 2x Speed on PHP 7+ All these improvements are paving ways for more possibilities in the aspect of what PHP can be used for.
13. Traditional PHP Apps
14. PHP-FPM PROCESSES NGINX CLIENT REQUEST/RESPONSE
15. A Traditional Flow
16. Even though there’s been a major improvements in this setup, PHP Still isn’t what some developers would want on the performance side.
17. Hence... Some common saying about PHP around performance area. Examples... • You can’t really do Concurrent stuffs with PHP • Can I do Async in PHP? • Don’t even do Async with PHP just use X or Y or Z • PHP is too Slow for Modern Apps • Just use another Language for concurrent stuffs.
18. We are generally used to seeing PHP as SLOW or not fitted for some of the demands of this ERA ‍♂
19. Common solutions Some solutions over time for • Caching (Redis, Memcache, SPAs) • Load Balancing/ Auto Scaling • More Hardware
20. PHP can be better in performance that it currently is But… PHP already has what it takes to be better in Performance
21. Enter ASYNC P{HP}
22. SYNCHRONOUS APP ASYNCHRONOUS APP TIME OF REQUEST RESPONSE REQUEST PROCESS READ FROM DB RENDER VIEW RESPONSE REQ. B PROCESS READ FROM DB RENDER VIEW RESPONSE REQ. A PROCESS READ FROM DB RENDER VIEW A Request style Sample NOTE: The Asynchronous part was Animated
23. ♂ WHY SHOULD I EVEN CARE?
24. I/Os EVERYWHERE!
25. I/Os Stings Performance... I/Os are very common and they can be seen around Apps in different forms. • External API Calls • Reading / Writing to Files • Database Calls • Spawning Child Processes • Add Yours!
27. Database Read
28. Database Write
31. The idea of this problem is that CPU Calculations are Fast while I/Os are Slow. Check this out ➡
32. COMMON SYSTEM LATENCIES ON TIME SCALE NOTE: You can’t avoid these Latencies
33. ⬅ Deductions • Time is wasted at I/O • We’re wasting TIME! ‍♂ • Latencies Grew at I/Os • While waiting CPU is doing nothing! • Other operations are BLOCKED during waiting.
34. — Rasmus Lerdorf - PHP’S DAD The trouble is you think you have time. ” “ — Budha
35. • A performant app reduces this waiting time … How? • By NOT HAVING to Wait in the First place. • This is CONCURRENCY! • This is an important advantage we get in Asynchronous Applications. • Since NO WAITING is involved, we have an I/O process that is NON-BLOCKING
36. Concurrency allows us to perform operations that require waiting in the SAME span of time!
37. A simple Summary: ASYNCHRONOUS is NON-BLOCKING SYNCHRONOUS is BLOCKING
38. How can I get Started?
39. Some Options we have to do Async Stuffs: • NodeJS • GoLang • PHP You don’t have to use other languages if you don’t want to.
40. PHP doesn’t have constructs within the core for Async, but it does have what it takes to do async stuffs within itself.
41. React PHP • Based on Reactor Pattern • Event Loop • Streams • Promises • No extension Required • Written in PURE PHP React PHP is a low level library for Event Driven programming in PHP • PHP 5.3 Up! • React PHP before React JS • https://reactphp.org
42. AMP PHP • Streams • Synchronous like • No extension Required • Written in PURE PHP • PHP 5.3 Up! Amp is a Non-Blocking concurrency framework for PHP. • Coroutines Based • Event Loop • Promises • Async Iterators
43. Swoole PHP • NO PROMISES • https://swoole.co.uk Coroutine Asynchronous Programming framework for PHP • Coroutine Based • Extension Based • Written in C! • Channels
44. For this talk our focus will be on React PHP
45. The Building Blocks
46. Event Loop - The CORE • Runs till: • App has nothing to do • Stopped • Errors Out • The Scheduler • Created ONCE • Run ONCE • Based on Events • It’s a Task Scheduler • Handles SIGNALS
47. An Event Loop Usage
48. Streams • On Demand Data Access • Processing of Data in Chunks • Provides better wrapping for streams better than native PHP implementation for Non-Blocking I/O • Readable Stream • Writable Streams • Through Sreams • Duplex Streams
49. Stream Usage
50. Promises • 3 States ◦ Rejected ◦ Resolved ◦ Pending • Like Promise/A+ in JavaScript The eventual result of a deferred computation or an Asynchronous Operation
51. Promise Sample
52. ‍ Applying all these...
53. Should I use Async PHP in my app?
54. Using Async in Traditional Apps Some of these Async tools are quite suitable for use in a Synchronous app Promise based tools can be used in synchronous apps using clue/react-block
55. Scrapping Traditional Way
56. Scrapping With Async PHP
57. 2x Faster The Result is
58. Caution 1: Not all of these async Tools can be used directly in a synchronous environment.
59. Caution 2: These components doesn’t make your app fast Automatically.
60. Caution 3: This is not a new thing in town that must be used, if your app is better off without Async, just stick with it.
61. Building out some services on Async PHP • HTTP Clients • WebSocket Servers • Message Queues • PHP PM (Load Balancer)
62. Go full blown Async
63. Going full blown on Async PHP • Async HTTP Server • Async Database Connectors • Stream based Filesystem Abstraction • Streams • STD I/O • Promises for Deferred Executions • WebSocket Server • TCP Server • Load Balancer • Streams • STD I/O
64. Not possible... • No PDO or MySQLi • File_get_contents, … etc • NO Guzzle (Or use with React Adapter) • Not all Profilers are USEFUL
65. The Async community is still growing, hence, you won’t see much tool around as you’re used to in Synchronous apps.
66. Default Eloquent with PDO
67. Eloquent with Async Connector
68. Eloquent with Async Connector (Coroutine-like)
69. Useful Links http://bit.ly/AsyncPHP http://bit.ly/reactphpCm Async PHP Resources Join React PHP Community
70. Some Takeaways • You don’t have to use other languages if you need some Async in your Apps • PHP is Here to Stay • You can reduce Blocking Operations by replacing Synchronous Implementations with Async Implementations when Performance is a concern. • I/Os forms a major part of our Applications and MOST Times they constitutes what makes our apps slow because of blocking operations.
71. Thank you.