JUGBB2020: Testcontainers - Past, Present, Future

https://www.meetup.com/jug-bb/events/268586461/

1. Testcontainers:
 a year-in-review Sergei Egorov @bsideup
2. About me • Testcontainers co-maintainer • Staff Engineer at Pivotal’s Spring R&D, working on Project Reactor ⚛ • Java Champion • Berlin Spring User Group co-organizer • Developer tools geek @bsideup
3. Integration testing?
4. @bsideup
5. @bsideup
6. https://martinfowler.com/bliki/IntegrationTest.html @bsideup
7. https://martinfowler.com/bliki/IntegrationTest.html @bsideup
8. https://martinfowler.com/bliki/IntegrationTest.html @bsideup
9. https://labs.spotify.com/2018/01/11/testing-of-microservices/ “Microservices Testing Honeycomb” @bsideup
10. https://labs.spotify.com/2018/01/11/testing-of-microservices/ “Microservices Testing Honeycomb” @bsideup We’re here
11. Some signs of having Integrated Tests are: • We spin up other services in a local testing environment • We test against other services in a shared testing environment • Changes to your system breaks tests for other systems https://labs.spotify.com/2018/01/11/testing-of-microservices/ @bsideup
12. Integration testing transformation @bsideup
13. Mocking Integration testing transformation @bsideup
14. Mocking Local DBs Integration testing transformation @bsideup
15. Mocking Local DBs VMs
 (Vagrant) Integration testing transformation @bsideup
16. Mocking Local DBs VMs
 (Vagrant) Docker Integration testing transformation @bsideup
18. Abstraction layer
19. CI friendly
20. Cross-platform
21. Mocking Local DBs VMs
 (Vagrant) Docker Integration testing transformation @bsideup
22. Mocking Local DBs VMs
 (Vagrant) Docker Fig
 (aka Docker Compose) Integration testing transformation @bsideup
23. Docker Compose FTW! redis: image: redis ports: - "6379:6379" postgres: image: postgres ports: - "5432:5432" elasticsearch: image: elasticsearch:5.0.0 ports: - "9200:9200" @bsideup
24. But…
25. Declarative YAML redis: image: redis ports: - "6379:6379" postgres: image: postgres ports: - "5432:5432" elasticsearch: image: elasticsearch:5.0.0 ports: - "9200:9200" @bsideup
26. No ports randomization redis: image: redis ports: - "6379:6379" postgres: image: postgres ports: - "5432:5432" elasticsearch: image: elasticsearch:5.0.0 ports: - "9200:9200" @bsideup
27. Container per test? redis: image: redis ports: - "6379:6379" postgres: image: postgres ports: - "5432:5432" elasticsearch: image: elasticsearch:5.0.0 ports: - "9200:9200" @bsideup
28. IDE integration? @bsideup
29. Mocking Local DBs VMs
 (Vagrant) Docker Fig
 (aka Docker Compose) Integration testing transformation @bsideup
30. Mocking Local DBs VMs
 (Vagrant) Docker Fig
 (aka Docker Compose) Docker API Integration testing transformation @bsideup
31. Fighting with Docker environment
32. There is no place like
33. There is no place like … unless there is
34. Can we improve that?
36. Testcontainers • Created by Richard North in 2015 • github.com/testcontainers/testcontainers-java • Wraps docker-java library • Docker environment discovery (Win, Mac, Linux) • Containers cleanup on JVM shutdown @bsideup
37. As simple as PostgreSQLContainer postgresql = new PostgreSQLContainer() GenericContainer redis = new GenericContainer("redis:3") .withExposedPorts(6379) @bsideup
38. Users
39. @bsideup
40. Demo
41. 1.6.x Jan, 2018 @bsideup
42. 1.6.x • Kafka module Jan, 2018 @bsideup try (KafkaContainer kafka = new KafkaContainer()) { kafka.start(); testKafkaFunctionality(kafka.getBootstrapServers()); }
43. 1.6.x • Kafka module • “Ryuk” Jan, 2018 @bsideup
44. 1.7.x Apr, 2018 @bsideup
45. 1.7.x • Maven BOM Apr, 2018 @bsideup <dependencyManagement> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.testcontainers</groupId> <artifactId>testcontainers-bom</artifactId> <version>1.11.2</version> <type>bom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> </dependencyManagement>
46. 1.7.x • Maven BOM • DockerCompose
 wait strategies Apr, 2018 @bsideup new DockerComposeContainer(new File("docker-compose.yml")) .withExposedService( "redis_1", REDIS_PORT, Wait.forListeningPort() ) .withExposedService( "db_1", 3306, Wait.forLogMessage(".*ready for connections.*\\s", 1) );
47. 1.7.x • Maven BOM • DockerCompose
 wait strategies • Daemon threads Apr, 2018 @bsideup kiraThread.setDaemon(true); kiraThread.start();
48. 1.7.x • Maven BOM • DockerCompose
 wait strategies • Daemon threads • MockServer module Apr, 2018 @bsideup try (MockServerContainer mockServer = new MockServerContainer()) { mockServer.start(); String expectedBody = "Hello Default World!"; MockServerClient client = new MockServerClient( mockServer.getContainerIpAddress(), mockServer.getServerPort() ); client.when(request("/hello")).respond(response(expectedBody)); // ... }
49. 1.8.x Jun, 2018 @bsideup
50. 1.8.x • OkHttp transport Jun, 2018 @bsideup
51. 1.8.x • OkHttp transport • Test framework
 agnostic Jun, 2018 @bsideup public interface Startable extends AutoCloseable { void start(); void stop(); } public interface TestLifecycleAware { default void beforeTest(TestDescription description) {} default void afterTest( TestDescription description, Optional<Throwable> throwable ) {} }
52. 1.8.x • OkHttp transport • Test framework
 agnostic • Docker cred. helpers Jun, 2018 @bsideup { "auths": { }, "HttpHeaders": { "User-Agent": "Docker-Client/18.03.0-ce (darwin)" }, "credHelpers": { "registry.example.com": “helper" } }
53. 1.8.x • OkHttp transport • Test framework
 agnostic • Docker cred. helpers • copyFileToContainer Jun, 2018 @bsideup GenericContainer container = new GenericContainer("alpine:latest") // Look, Ma! No volumes mounting! .withCopyFileToContainer( MountableFile.forClasspathResource(“/mappable-resource/"), containerPath )
54. 1.8.x • OkHttp transport • Test framework
 agnostic • Docker cred. helpers • copyFileToContainer • Pulsar module • Couchbase module • Cassandra module Jun, 2018 @bsideup
55. 1.9.x Sep, 2018 @bsideup
56. 1.9.x • OkHttp by default Sep, 2018 @bsideup
57. 1.9.x • OkHttp by default • Windows npipe support Sep, 2018 @bsideup No longer needed
58. 1.9.x • OkHttp by default • Windows npipe support • Registry auth on Windows Sep, 2018 @bsideup
59. 1.9.x • OkHttp by default • Windows npipe support • Registry auth on Windows • Fix local Docker Compose
 on Windows Sep, 2018 @bsideup new DockerComposeContainer(new File("docker-compose.yml")) .withExposedService("redis_1", REDIS_PORT) .withExposedService("db_1", 3306) .withLocalCompose(true);
60. 1.9.x • OkHttp by default • Windows npipe support • Registry auth on Windows • Fix local Docker Compose
 on Windows • Host ports exposing Sep, 2018 @bsideup @BeforeClass public static void setUp() { localPort = server.getAddress().getPort(); Testcontainers.exposeHostPorts(localPort); } @Rule public BrowserWebDriverContainer browser = new BrowserWebDriverContainer() .withCapabilities(new ChromeOptions()); @Test public void testContainerRunningAgainstExposedHostPort() { RemoteWebDriver webDriver = browser.getWebDriver(); webDriver.get( String.format("http://host.testcontainers.internal:%d/", localPort)); final String pageSource = webDriver.getPageSource(); assertTrue(pageSource.contains("Hello from the host!")); }
61. 1.9.x • OkHttp by default • Windows npipe support • Registry auth on Windows • Fix local Docker Compose
 on Windows • Host ports exposing • Random ports in Couchbase Sep, 2018 @bsideup
62. 1.9.x • OkHttp by default • Windows npipe support • Registry auth on Windows • Fix local Docker Compose
 on Windows • Host ports exposing • Random ports in Couchbase Sep, 2018 @bsideup
63. 1.9.x • OkHttp by default • Windows npipe support • Registry auth on Windows • Fix local Docker Compose
 on Windows • Host ports exposing • Random ports in Couchbase • ClickHouse and Postgis modules Sep, 2018 @bsideup
64. 1.10.x Nov, 2018 @bsideup
65. 1.10.x • JUnit 5 support Nov, 2018 @bsideup @Testcontainers class MyTestcontainersTests { // will be shared between test methods @Container static final MySQLContainer MYSQL_CONTAINER = new MySQLContainer(); // will be started before and stopped after each test method @Container PostgreSQLContainer postgresqlContainer = new PostgreSQLContainer() .withDatabaseName("foo") .withUsername("foo") .withPassword(“secret"); @Test void test() { assertTrue(MYSQL_CONTAINER.isRunning()); assertTrue(postgresqlContainer.isRunning()); } }
66. 1.10.x • JUnit 5 support • New docs & more examples Nov, 2018 @bsideup
67. 1.10.x • JUnit 5 support • New docs & more examples • Env var to turn off Ryuk
 (for public CIs) Nov, 2018 @bsideup
68. 1.10.x • JUnit 5 support • New docs & more examples • Env var to turn off Ryuk
 (for public CIs) • shm + TmpFS settings Nov, 2018 @bsideup
69. 1.10.x • JUnit 5 support • New docs & more examples • Env var to turn off Ryuk
 (for public CIs) • shm + TmpFS settings • Auto dependency updates
 with Dependabot Nov, 2018 @bsideup
70. 1.10.x • JUnit 5 support • New docs & more examples • Env var to turn off Ryuk
 (for public CIs) • shm + TmpFS settings • Auto dependency updates
 with Dependabot Nov, 2018 @bsideup
71. 1.10.x • JUnit 5 support • New docs & more examples • Env var to turn off Ryuk
 (for public CIs) • shm + TmpFS settings • Auto dependency updates
 with Dependabot • Neo4j and Elasticsearch modules Nov, 2018 @bsideup
72. 1.11.x Mar, 2019 @bsideup
73. 1.11.x • Chaos Testing (toxiproxy) Mar, 2019 @bsideup @Rule public GenericContainer redis = new GenericContainer("redis:5.0.4") .withExposedPorts(6379) .withNetwork(network); @Rule public ToxiproxyContainer toxiproxy = new ToxiproxyContainer() .withNetwork(network); @Test public void testLatencyViaProxy() throws IOException { ContainerProxy proxy = toxiproxy.getProxy(redis, 6379); Jedis jedis = new Jedis( proxy.getContainerIpAddress(), proxy.getProxyPort() ); proxy.toxics() .latency("latency", ToxicDirection.DOWNSTREAM, 1_100) .setJitter(100); jedis.get("somekey"); }
74. 1.11.x • Chaos Testing (toxiproxy) • fsync=off for PostgreSQL Mar, 2019 @bsideup
75. 1.11.x • Chaos Testing (toxiproxy) • fsync=off for PostgreSQL • Drop Netty transport Mar, 2019 @bsideup
76. 1.11.x • Chaos Testing (toxiproxy) • fsync=off for PostgreSQL • Drop Netty transport Mar, 2019 @bsideup
77. 1.11.x • Chaos Testing (toxiproxy) • fsync=off for PostgreSQL • Drop Netty transport • Rework shading Mar, 2019 @bsideup
78. 1.12.x Jul, 2019 @bsideup
79. 1.12.x • dependsOn Jul, 2019 @bsideup @Rule KafkaContainer kafka = new KafkaContainer(); @Rule SchemaContainer schemaRegistryContainer = new SchemaContainer() .withKafka(kafka) .dependsOn(kafka);
80. 1.12.x • dependsOn • Improved pull handling Jul, 2019 @bsideup 11:15:50.598 INFO [ibmcom/db2express-c:latest] - Pulling docker image: ibmcom/db2express-c:latest. Please 19:34:25.198 INFO [ibmcom/db2express-c:latest] - Pulling image 19:34:25.198 INFO [ibmcom/db2express-c:latest] - Pulling image layers: 0 pending, 0 downloaded, 0 extr 19:34:25.967 INFO [ibmcom/db2express-c:latest] - Pulling image layers: 12 pending, 1 downloaded, 0 extr 19:34:27.363 INFO [ibmcom/db2express-c:latest] - Pulling image layers: 11 pending, 2 downloaded, 0 extr 19:34:58.519 ERROR [ibmcom/db2express-c:latest] - Docker image pull has not made progress in 30s - abortin 19:34:58.564 ERROR [ibmcom/db2express-c:latest] - Failed to pull image: ibmcom/db2express-c:latest. Please Before: After:
81. 1.12.x • dependsOn • Improved pull handling • Azure Pipelines for Windows testing Jul, 2019 @bsideup
82. 1.12.x • dependsOn • Improved pull handling • Azure Pipelines for Windows testing Jul, 2019 @bsideup
83. 1.12.x • dependsOn • Improved pull handling • Azure Pipelines for Windows testing • DB2, CockroachDB and RabbitMQ modules Jul, 2019 @bsideup
84. Roadmap
85. new DSL
86. What’s wrong with the current one?
87. KafkaContainer kafka = new KafkaContainer() .withLogConsumer(new Slf4jLogConsumer(log)) .withEmbeddedZookeeper() .withEnv("FOO", "BAR") .withStartupAttempts(5); Current DSL @bsideup
88. KafkaContainer kafka = new KafkaContainer() .withLogConsumer(new Slf4jLogConsumer(log)) .withEmbeddedZookeeper() .withEnv("FOO", "BAR") .withStartupAttempts(5); Current DSL GenericContainer @bsideup
89. KafkaContainer kafka = new KafkaContainer() .withLogConsumer(new Slf4jLogConsumer(log)) .withEmbeddedZookeeper() .withEnv("FOO", "BAR") .withStartupAttempts(5); Current DSL KafkaContainer @bsideup
90. KafkaContainer kafka = new KafkaContainer() .withLogConsumer(new Slf4jLogConsumer(log)) .withEmbeddedZookeeper() .withEnv("FOO", "BAR") .withStartupAttempts(5); Current DSL GenericContainer @bsideup
91. KafkaContainer kafka = new KafkaContainer() .withLogConsumer(new Slf4jLogConsumer(log)) .withEmbeddedZookeeper() .withEnv("FOO", "BAR") .withStartupAttempts(5); Current DSL GenericContainer @bsideup
92. KafkaContainer kafka = new KafkaContainer() .withLogConsumer(new Slf4jLogConsumer(log)) .withEmbeddedZookeeper() .withEnv("FOO", "BAR") .withStartupAttempts(5); Current DSL GenericContainer public SELF withStartupAttempts(int attempts) { this.startupAttempts = attempts; return self(); } @bsideup
93. public class KafkaContainer extends GenericContainer<KafkaContainer> {} public class GenericContainer<SELF extends GenericContainer<SELF>> /* */ {} @bsideup
94. public class KafkaContainer extends GenericContainer<KafkaContainer> {} public class GenericContainer<SELF extends GenericContainer<SELF>> /* */ {} https://youtrack.jetbrains.com/issue/KT-17186 https://stackoverflow.com/questions/39163749/how-to-use-a-java-self-bounded-class-in-scala @bsideup
95. ❌ Hard to maintain @bsideup
96. ❌ Hard to maintain ❌ Does not work with Kotlin/Scala @bsideup
97. ❌ Hard to maintain ❌ Does not work with Kotlin/Scala ❌ Externally mutable objects @bsideup
98. ❌ Hard to maintain ❌ Does not work with Kotlin/Scala ❌ Externally mutable objects ❌ “setX” isn’t supported, only “withX” (think collections) @bsideup
99. ❌ Hard to maintain ❌ Does not work with Kotlin/Scala ❌ Externally mutable objects ❌ “setX” isn’t supported, only “withX” (think collections) ❌ No imperative “if-else” with the fluent style @bsideup
100. KafkaContainer kafka = new KafkaContainer() { @Override protected void initialize() { withLogConsumer(new Slf4jLogConsumer(log)); withEmbeddedZookeeper(); withEnv("FOO", "BAR"); withStartupAttempts(5); } }; New “DSL”? @bsideup
101. KafkaContainer kafka = new KafkaContainer() { @Override protected void initialize() { withLogConsumer(new Slf4jLogConsumer(log)); withEmbeddedZookeeper(); withEnv("FOO", "BAR"); withStartupAttempts(5); } }; New “DSL”? Or even… @bsideup
102. KafkaContainer kafka = new KafkaContainer() {{ withLogConsumer(new Slf4jLogConsumer(log)); withEmbeddedZookeeper(); withEnv("FOO", "BAR"); withStartupAttempts(5); }} New “DSL”? @bsideup
103. KafkaContainer kafka = new KafkaContainer() {{ withLogConsumer(new Slf4jLogConsumer(log)); withEmbeddedZookeeper(); withEnv("FOO", "BAR"); withStartupAttempts(5); }} New “DSL”? public void withStartupAttempts(int attempts) { this.startupAttempts = attempts; } @bsideup
104. KafkaContainer kafka = new KafkaContainer() {{ withLogConsumer(new Slf4jLogConsumer(log)); withEmbeddedZookeeper(); withEnv("FOO", "BAR"); withStartupAttempts(5); }} New “DSL”? public void withStartupAttempts(int attempts) { this.startupAttempts = attempts; } @bsideup
105. ✓ Super easy to maintain @bsideup
106. ✓ Super easy to maintain ✓ Works with any JVM language @bsideup
107. ✓ Super easy to maintain ✓ Works with any JVM language ✓ “Controllable mutability” - no modifications outside of “initialize” @bsideup
108. ✓ Super easy to maintain ✓ Works with any JVM language ✓ “Controllable mutability” - no modifications outside of “initialize” ✓ Void-retuning “setX” can easily be used @bsideup
109. ✓ Super easy to maintain ✓ Works with any JVM language ✓ “Controllable mutability” - no modifications outside of “initialize” ✓ Void-retuning “setX” can easily be used ✓ Can use “if-else” @bsideup
110. GraalVM focus
111. @bsideup https://medium.com/graalvm/using-testcontainers-from-a-node-js- application-3aa2273bf3bb
112. @bsideup // JavaScript var GenericContainer = Java.type(’org.testcontainers.containers.GenericContainer’); var container = new GenericContainer("nginx"); container.setExposedPorts([80]); container.start(); console.log(container.getContainerIpAddress() + ‘:’ + container.getMappedPort(80)); https://medium.com/graalvm/using-testcontainers-from-a-node-js- application-3aa2273bf3bb
113. @bsideup // JavaScript var GenericContainer = Java.type(’org.testcontainers.containers.GenericContainer’); var container = new GenericContainer("nginx"); container.setExposedPorts([80]); container.start(); console.log(container.getContainerIpAddress() + ‘:’ + container.getMappedPort(80)); https://medium.com/graalvm/using-testcontainers-from-a-node-js- application-3aa2273bf3bb // Python import java generic = java.type('org.testcontainers.containers.GenericContainer') container = generic('nginx') container.setExposedPorts([80]) container.start(); print('%s:%s' % (container.getContainerIpAddress(), container.getMappedPort(80)));
114. “container core”
115. Testcontainers 1.x architecture Core
 (Docker, GenericContainer, 
 JUnit 4 int, test lifecycle) @bsideup
116. Testcontainers 1.x architecture Core
 (Docker, GenericContainer, 
 JUnit 4 int, test lifecycle) JUnit Jupiter int. @bsideup
117. Testcontainers 1.x architecture Core
 (Docker, GenericContainer, 
 JUnit 4 int, test lifecycle) JUnit Jupiter int. Modules like MySQL/Kafka/… @bsideup
118. Testcontainers 2.x architecture Container-core
 (Container) @bsideup
119. Testcontainers 2.x architecture Container-core
 (Container) Test Frameworks JUnit 4 JUnit Jupiter Scala test? … @bsideup
120. Testcontainers 2.x architecture Container-core
 (Container) Test Frameworks JUnit 4 JUnit Jupiter Scala test? … Executing engines Container-core-docker
 (env discovery, networks, …) Container-core-k8s? … @bsideup
121. Modules like MySQL/Kafka/… Testcontainers 2.x architecture Container-core
 (Container) Test Frameworks JUnit 4 JUnit Jupiter Scala test? … Executing engines Container-core-docker
 (env discovery, networks, …) Container-core-k8s? … @bsideup
123. Usability Flexibility Speed Features @bsideup
124. Usability Flexibility Speed Features @bsideup
125. Usability Flexibility Speed Features @bsideup
126. Please welcome…
127. Reusable containers
128. Reusable containers
129. Demo
130. @bsideup
131. ✓ Ultra-fast ITDD (Integration Test Driven Development) @bsideup
132. ✓ Ultra-fast ITDD (Integration Test Driven Development) ✓ Minimal effort for the users @bsideup
133. ✓ Ultra-fast ITDD (Integration Test Driven Development) ✓ Minimal effort for the users ✓ Works for most of the containers @bsideup
134. ✓ Ultra-fast ITDD (Integration Test Driven Development) ✓ Minimal effort for the users ✓ Works for most of the containers ✓ Eventually cleanups stale containers
 (unlike Docker Compose) @bsideup
135. ✓ Ultra-fast ITDD (Integration Test Driven Development) ✓ Minimal effort for the users ✓ Works for most of the containers ✓ Eventually cleanups stale containers
 (unlike Docker Compose) ✓ The alpha version is available NOW (v1.12.3+) @bsideup
136. Takeaways • https://testcontainers.org • Works on Linux, Mac and Windows • …including CIs like Jenkins, Travis, CircleCI, GH Actions, Azure Pipelines, … • Provides a great balance between 
 flexibility, usability, speed and features
 @bsideup
137. @bsideup bsideup