Lock in $30 Savings on PRO—Offer Ends Soon! ⏳
Speaker Deck
Features
Speaker Deck
PRO
Sign in
Sign up for free
Search
Search
12 Factor App
Search
Craig Kerstiens
June 28, 2012
Programming
12
1.1k
12 Factor App
12 Factor Application talk given at Cloud East
Craig Kerstiens
June 28, 2012
Tweet
Share
More Decks by Craig Kerstiens
See All by Craig Kerstiens
Product planning w/ gridding - Effort vs. Impact rule of thirds
craigkerstiens
0
330
Five sharding data models and which is right? PGDay Nordic
craigkerstiens
0
210
Postgres at any scale
craigkerstiens
1
900
Five data models for sharding and which is right
craigkerstiens
0
160
Postgres Performance for Humans - All things Open
craigkerstiens
1
330
Postgres Performance for Humans - PyCaribbean
craigkerstiens
1
170
Postgres present and future
craigkerstiens
1
350
Marketing for Developers
craigkerstiens
0
270
Postgres – A Data Platform
craigkerstiens
2
490
Other Decks in Programming
See All in Programming
AWS CDKの推しポイントN選
akihisaikeda
1
240
Cap'n Webについて
yusukebe
0
130
UIデザインに役立つ 2025年の最新CSS / The Latest CSS for UI Design 2025
clockmaker
18
7.3k
Go コードベースの構成と AI コンテキスト定義
andpad
0
120
生成AIを利用するだけでなく、投資できる組織へ
pospome
1
270
Why Kotlin? 電子カルテを Kotlin で開発する理由 / Why Kotlin? at Henry
agatan
2
7k
テストやOSS開発に役立つSetup PHP Action
matsuo_atsushi
0
150
手軽に積ん読を増やすには?/読みたい本と付き合うには?
o0h
PRO
1
170
AIコードレビューがチームの"文脈"を 読めるようになるまで
marutaku
0
350
非同期処理の迷宮を抜ける: 初学者がつまづく構造的な原因
pd1xx
1
700
Full-Cycle Reactivity in Angular: SignalStore mit Signal Forms und Resources
manfredsteyer
PRO
0
200
SwiftUIで本格音ゲー実装してみた
hypebeans
0
140
Featured
See All Featured
Writing Fast Ruby
sferik
630
62k
Easily Structure & Communicate Ideas using Wireframe
afnizarnur
194
17k
Intergalactic Javascript Robots from Outer Space
tanoku
273
27k
BBQ
matthewcrist
89
9.9k
Performance Is Good for Brains [We Love Speed 2024]
tammyeverts
12
1.3k
Imperfection Machines: The Place of Print at Facebook
scottboms
269
13k
Building Flexible Design Systems
yeseniaperezcruz
330
39k
GraphQLとの向き合い方2022年版
quramy
50
14k
Making Projects Easy
brettharned
120
6.5k
Optimizing for Happiness
mojombo
379
70k
Designing Dashboards & Data Visualisations in Web Apps
destraynor
231
54k
The Hidden Cost of Media on the Web [PixelPalooza 2025]
tammyeverts
1
94
Transcript
12 Factor App
Craig Kerstiens @craigkerstiens work at @heroku
First Some History
Where We’ve Been Version Control | Dependency Management | Build
Release
Where We’ve Been Version Control | Dependency Management | Build
Release Folders
Where We’ve Been Version Control | Dependency Management | Build
Release Folders SVN,Perforce,Source Safe
Where We’ve Been Version Control | Dependency Management | Build
Release Folders SVN,Perforce,Source Safe Git,Mercurial
Version Control | Dependency Management | Build Release Now
Version Control | Dependency Management | Build Release Now 1
Code base Many deploys
Version Control | Dependency Management | Build Release Now 1
Code base Many deploys
Version Control | Dependency Management | Build Release Now 1
Code base Many deploys
Version Control | Dependency Management | Build Release Where We’ve
Been
Version Control | Dependency Management | Build Release Where We’ve
Been $ python setup.py install $ ruby setup.rb install
Version Control | Dependency Management | Build Release Where We’ve
Been $ python setup.py install $ ruby setup.rb install $ INSTALL FROM SOURCE
Version Control | Dependency Management | Build Release Now
Version Control | Dependency Management | Build Release $ pip
install -r requirements.txt $ bundle install Now
Version Control | Dependency Management | Build Release $ pip
install -r requirements.txt $ bundle install Now $ INSTALL PINNED VERSIONS
Version Control | Dependency Management | Build Release Where We’ve
Been
$ rsync myproject tomyserver Version Control | Dependency Management |
Build Release Where We’ve Been
Version Control | Dependency Management | Build Release Now
Version Control | Dependency Management | Build Release Now
Version Control | Dependency Management | Build Release Now
Enough History
12 Factor
Declarative Setup - Minimize Setup Time 12 Factor
Declarative Setup - Minimize Setup Time Clean Contracts - Portability
12 Factor
Declarative Setup - Minimize Setup Time Clean Contracts - Portability
Deploy Practices - Cloud and horizontal scaling 12 Factor
Declarative Setup - Minimize Setup Time Clean Contracts - Portability
Deploy Practices - Cloud and horizontal scaling Minimize Divergence - Continuous Deployment 12 Factor
Dev-Prod Parity Dev Prod Parity | Config | Concurrency |
Backing Services | Logs
dev Dev-Prod Parity Dev Prod Parity | Config | Concurrency
| Backing Services | Logs
dev = staging Dev-Prod Parity Dev Prod Parity | Config
| Concurrency | Backing Services | Logs
dev = staging = prod Dev-Prod Parity Dev Prod Parity
| Config | Concurrency | Backing Services | Logs
dev = staging = prod sqlite postgres postgres Dev-Prod Parity
Dev Prod Parity | Config | Concurrency | Backing Services | Logs
dev = staging = prod sqlite postgres postgres Dev-Prod Parity
Dev Prod Parity | Config | Concurrency | Backing Services | Logs ≠ ≠
dev = staging = prod sqlite postgres postgres postgres =
postgres = postgres Dev-Prod Parity Dev Prod Parity | Config | Concurrency | Backing Services | Logs ≠ ≠
Config Dev Prod Parity | Config | Concurrency | Backing
Services | Logs
Config var server=”servername” var username=”username” var password=”password” var dbname =
“dname” Dev Prod Parity | Config | Concurrency | Backing Services | Logs
Config Dev Prod Parity | Config | Concurrency | Backing
Services | Logs
Config (External to your code) Dev Prod Parity | Config
| Concurrency | Backing Services | Logs
Config (External to your code) var server=ENV[‘server’] var username=ENV[‘username’] var
password=ENV[‘password’] var dbname = ENV[‘dbname’] Dev Prod Parity | Config | Concurrency | Backing Services | Logs
Processes Dev Prod Parity | Config | Concurrency | Backing
Services | Logs
web.1 Processes Dev Prod Parity | Config | Concurrency |
Backing Services | Logs
web.1 web.2 Processes Dev Prod Parity | Config | Concurrency
| Backing Services | Logs
web.1 web.2 Scale Processes Dev Prod Parity | Config |
Concurrency | Backing Services | Logs
web.1 web.2 worker.1 clock.1 Workload Diversity Scale Processes Dev Prod
Parity | Config | Concurrency | Backing Services | Logs
web.1 web.2 worker.1 worker.2 worker.3 worker.4 clock.1 Workload Diversity Scale
Processes Dev Prod Parity | Config | Concurrency | Backing Services | Logs
Backing Services Dev Prod Parity | Config | Concurrency |
Backing Services | Logs
Backing Services Dev Prod Parity | Config | Concurrency |
Backing Services | Logs Stateless Processes
Backing Services Dev Prod Parity | Config | Concurrency |
Backing Services | Logs Stateless Processes External Config
Backing Services Dev Prod Parity | Config | Concurrency |
Backing Services | Logs Stateless Processes External Config DATABASE_URL=postgres://username:pass@host/db MEMCACHE_URL=username:pass@host/db
Logs Dev Prod Parity | Config | Concurrency | Backing
Services | Logs
How we use logs $ ssh tomyserver $ cat access_log
Logs Dev Prod Parity | Config | Concurrency | Backing Services | Logs
How we use logs $ ssh tomyserver $ cat access_log
How we perceive logs $ tail -f access_log Logs Dev Prod Parity | Config | Concurrency | Backing Services | Logs
Logs Dev Prod Parity | Config | Concurrency | Backing
Services | Logs
DB Logs Dev Prod Parity | Config | Concurrency |
Backing Services | Logs
DB Web Logs Dev Prod Parity | Config | Concurrency
| Backing Services | Logs
DB Web Worker Logs Dev Prod Parity | Config |
Concurrency | Backing Services | Logs
Event Stream DB Web Worker Logs Dev Prod Parity |
Config | Concurrency | Backing Services | Logs
Event Stream 2012-02-22T19:56:40+00:00 [postgres]: .... 2012-02-22T19:56:40+00:00 [router]: GET mysite.com/ ...
2012-02-22T19:56:40+00:00 [nginx]: .... 2012-02-22T19:56:40+00:00 [worker]: .... DB Web Worker Logs Dev Prod Parity | Config | Concurrency | Backing Services | Logs
12 Factor
Declarative Setup Clean Contracts Deploy Practices Minimize Divergence 12 Factor
Fin. Resources http://craigkerstiens.com http://speakerdeck.com/u/craigkerstiens http://www.12factor.net