Scaling WordPress with Containers - WordPress London November 2017

Transcript

1. Scaling WordPress with containers 30/11/17 WordPress London
2. Who am I? Craig Willis Web Developer @ Ayima Co-organiser PHP London @craigwillis85
3. What is scalability?
4. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scalability Scalability is the capability of a system, network, or process to handle a growing amount of work, or its potential to be enlarged to accommodate that growth
5. So what does that mean?
7. Traditional scaling techniques
8. Vertical Scaling
10. Vertical Scaling Shared hosting? 1GB VPS? Dedicated Server
11. Horizontal Scaling
12. Horizontal Scaling 1GB VPS Lots
13. Speed != Scale https://www.slideshare.net/ircmaxell/high-performance-php-phpnw Speed == User Experience Scale == Server Experience
14. Steps to scale
15. Split up the application/infrastructure
16. Databases Files Sessions Web servers
17. Forget about local storage
18. Use a CDN
19. Servers are cattle not pets
20. Servers die
21. We’ll come back to scaling later
22. Ok, lets look at containers
23. What is a container?
24. What is a container? Lightweight, stand-alone, executable package (.exe, .jar) Includes everything it needs to run Runtime, system tools, libraries, settings Built on top of facilities of linux kernel Does not include / require a separate operating system Should do ONE thing only (PHP, Apache)
26. VMs vs Container
27. Demo Application
28. WordPress REST API VueJS https://github.com/craigwillis85/scaling-wordpress
29. Local Development
30. docker-compose
31. docker-compose.yml
32. version: '2' services: database: image: mysql:5.6 environment: MYSQL_USER: 'root' MYSQL_DATABASE: 'wordpressdemo' MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD: 'true' ON_CREATE_DB: 'wordpressdemo' ports: - "3306:3306" wordpressdemoapp: image: craigwillis85/wp-demo:v1 volumes: - "./public:/var/www/html" - "./public/wp-config-dev.php:/var/www/html/wp-config.php" ports: - "80:80"
33. version: '2' services: database: image: mysql:5.6 environment: MYSQL_USER: 'root' MYSQL_DATABASE: 'wordpressdemo' MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD: 'true' ON_CREATE_DB: 'wordpressdemo' ports: - "3306:3306" wordpressdemoapp: image: craigwillis85/wp-demo:v1 volumes: - "./public:/var/www/html" - "./public/wp-config-dev.php:/var/www/html/wp-config.php" ports: - "80:80"
34. version: '2' services: database: image: mysql:5.6 environment: MYSQL_USER: 'root' MYSQL_DATABASE: 'wordpressdemo' MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD: 'true' ON_CREATE_DB: 'wordpressdemo' ports: - "3306:3306" wordpressdemoapp: image: craigwillis85/wp-demo:v1 volumes: - "./public:/var/www/html" - "./public/wp-config-dev.php:/var/www/html/wp-config.php" ports: - "80:80"
35. version: '2' services: database: image: mysql:5.6 environment: MYSQL_USER: 'root' MYSQL_DATABASE: 'wordpressdemo' MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD: 'true' ON_CREATE_DB: 'wordpressdemo' ports: - "3306:3306" wordpressdemoapp: image: craigwillis85/wp-demo:v1 volumes: - "./public:/var/www/html" - "./public/wp-config-dev.php:/var/www/html/wp-config.php" ports: - "80:80"
36. version: '2' services: database: image: mysql:5.6 environment: MYSQL_USER: 'root' MYSQL_DATABASE: 'wordpressdemo' MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD: 'true' ON_CREATE_DB: 'wordpressdemo' ports: - "3306:3306" wordpressdemoapp: image: craigwillis85/wp-demo:v1 volumes: - "./public:/var/www/html" - "./public/wp-config-dev.php:/var/www/html/wp-config.php" ports: - "80:80"
37. version: '2' services: database: image: mysql:5.6 environment: MYSQL_USER: 'root' MYSQL_DATABASE: 'wordpressdemo' MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD: 'true' ON_CREATE_DB: 'wordpressdemo' ports: - "3306:3306" wordpressdemoapp: image: craigwillis85/wp-demo:v1 volumes: - "./api:/var/www/html" - "./api/configs/wp-config-dev.php:/var/www/html/wp-config.php" ports: - "80:80"
38. docker-compose up -d
39. $ docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE PORTS NAMES f41a217b93a mysql:5.6 0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp wordpressdemo_database 8ad8f1ad3a1c craigwillis85/wp-demo:v1 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp wordpressdemo_demoapp
40. Do NOT use docker-compose in production!
41. How do we run our containers in production?
43. https://kubernetes.io Kubernetes is an open-source system for automating deployment, management and scaling of containerized applications
44. Some Kubernetes basics
46. What we’re going to be building Internet http://www.scalingwp.com/posts VueJS Frontend Load Balancer API CALL
47. Pods
48. A Pod is a collection of containers sharing a network and mount namespace and is the basic unit of deployment in Kubernetes. All containers in a pod are scheduled on the same node.
49. Pods Server/Node Container
50. Services
51. A Service is an abstraction for pods, providing a stable, virtual IP (VIP) address allowing clients to reliably connect to the containers by forwarding traffic to one or more pods
52. Think of it as an internal load balancer diverting traffic to our pods/containers
53. Pods Service 172.100.100.1 172.100.100.2 172.100.100.3
54. Deployments
55. A deployment is a supervisor for pods and replica sets, giving you fine-grained control over how and when a new pod version is rolled out as well as rolled back to a previous state.
56. ReplicaSets
57. A ReplicaSet is a supervisor for long-running pods. An RC will launch a specified number of pods called replicas and makes sure that they keep running, for example when a node fails or something inside of a pod, that is, in one of its containers goes wrong.
58. ReplicaSets replicas: 5
59. This is all great, but how do I run Kubernetes?
60. Kubernetes Engine https://console.cloud.google.com/kubernetes
61. Creating a cluster
65. $ kubectl
66. https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/kubectl kubectl is a command line interface for running commands against Kubernetes clusters
67. $ kubectl get nodes NAME STATUS AGE VERSION Gke-scaling-wordpress-default-pool-3359c7d4-42wv Ready 1h v1.7.8-gke.0 Gke-scaling-wordpress-default-pool-3359c7d4-6rdr Ready 1h v1.7.8-gke.0 Gke-scaling-wordpress-default-pool-3359c7d4-l6sv Ready 1h v1.7.8-gke.0 Wahey! We have a cluster
68. Autoscaling
69. locust.io
70. Scaling Demo What could go wrong...
71. We’re hiring! https://www.ayima.com/join-us
72. Thank you!
73. Questions?