Scaling WordPress with Containers - WordPress London November 2017

Transcript

1. Scaling WordPress with containers 30/11/17 WordPress London

2. Who am I? Craig Willis Web Developer @ Ayima Co-organiser

   PHP London @craigwillis85

3. What is scalability?

4. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scalability Scalability is the capability of a system, network, or

   process to handle a growing amount of work, or its potential to be enlarged to accommodate that growth

5. So what does that mean?

6. None

7. Traditional scaling techniques

8. Vertical Scaling

9. None

10. Vertical Scaling Shared hosting? 1GB VPS? Dedicated Server

11. Horizontal Scaling

12. Horizontal Scaling 1GB VPS Lots

13. Speed != Scale https://www.slideshare.net/ircmaxell/high-performance-php-phpnw Speed == User Experience Scale ==

    Server Experience

14. Steps to scale

15. Split up the application/infrastructure

16. Databases Files Sessions Web servers

17. Forget about local storage

18. Use a CDN

19. Servers are cattle not pets

20. Servers die

21. We’ll come back to scaling later

22. Ok, lets look at containers

23. What is a container?

24. What is a container? Lightweight, stand-alone, executable package (.exe, .jar)

    Includes everything it needs to run Runtime, system tools, libraries, settings Built on top of facilities of linux kernel Does not include / require a separate operating system Should do ONE thing only (PHP, Apache)
25. None

26. VMs vs Container

27. Demo Application

28. WordPress REST API VueJS https://github.com/craigwillis85/scaling-wordpress

29. Local Development

30. docker-compose

31. docker-compose.yml

32. version: '2' services: database: image: mysql:5.6 environment: MYSQL_USER: 'root' MYSQL_DATABASE:

    'wordpressdemo' MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD: 'true' ON_CREATE_DB: 'wordpressdemo' ports: - "3306:3306" wordpressdemoapp: image: craigwillis85/wp-demo:v1 volumes: - "./public:/var/www/html" - "./public/wp-config-dev.php:/var/www/html/wp-config.php" ports: - "80:80"

33. version: '2' services: database: image: mysql:5.6 environment: MYSQL_USER: 'root' MYSQL_DATABASE:

    'wordpressdemo' MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD: 'true' ON_CREATE_DB: 'wordpressdemo' ports: - "3306:3306" wordpressdemoapp: image: craigwillis85/wp-demo:v1 volumes: - "./public:/var/www/html" - "./public/wp-config-dev.php:/var/www/html/wp-config.php" ports: - "80:80"

34. version: '2' services: database: image: mysql:5.6 environment: MYSQL_USER: 'root' MYSQL_DATABASE:

    'wordpressdemo' MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD: 'true' ON_CREATE_DB: 'wordpressdemo' ports: - "3306:3306" wordpressdemoapp: image: craigwillis85/wp-demo:v1 volumes: - "./public:/var/www/html" - "./public/wp-config-dev.php:/var/www/html/wp-config.php" ports: - "80:80"

35. version: '2' services: database: image: mysql:5.6 environment: MYSQL_USER: 'root' MYSQL_DATABASE:

    'wordpressdemo' MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD: 'true' ON_CREATE_DB: 'wordpressdemo' ports: - "3306:3306" wordpressdemoapp: image: craigwillis85/wp-demo:v1 volumes: - "./public:/var/www/html" - "./public/wp-config-dev.php:/var/www/html/wp-config.php" ports: - "80:80"

36. version: '2' services: database: image: mysql:5.6 environment: MYSQL_USER: 'root' MYSQL_DATABASE:

    'wordpressdemo' MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD: 'true' ON_CREATE_DB: 'wordpressdemo' ports: - "3306:3306" wordpressdemoapp: image: craigwillis85/wp-demo:v1 volumes: - "./public:/var/www/html" - "./public/wp-config-dev.php:/var/www/html/wp-config.php" ports: - "80:80"

37. version: '2' services: database: image: mysql:5.6 environment: MYSQL_USER: 'root' MYSQL_DATABASE:

    'wordpressdemo' MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD: 'true' ON_CREATE_DB: 'wordpressdemo' ports: - "3306:3306" wordpressdemoapp: image: craigwillis85/wp-demo:v1 volumes: - "./api:/var/www/html" - "./api/configs/wp-config-dev.php:/var/www/html/wp-config.php" ports: - "80:80"

38. docker-compose up -d

39. $ docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE PORTS NAMES f41a217b93a mysql:5.6

    0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp wordpressdemo_database 8ad8f1ad3a1c craigwillis85/wp-demo:v1 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp wordpressdemo_demoapp

40. Do NOT use docker-compose in production!

41. How do we run our containers in production?

42. None

43. https://kubernetes.io Kubernetes is an open-source system for automating deployment, management

    and scaling of containerized applications

44. Some Kubernetes basics

45. None

46. What we’re going to be building Internet http://www.scalingwp.com/posts VueJS Frontend

    Load Balancer API CALL

47. Pods

48. A Pod is a collection of containers sharing a network

    and mount namespace and is the basic unit of deployment in Kubernetes. All containers in a pod are scheduled on the same node.

49. Pods Server/Node Container

50. Services

51. A Service is an abstraction for pods, providing a stable,

    virtual IP (VIP) address allowing clients to reliably connect to the containers by forwarding traffic to one or more pods

52. Think of it as an internal load balancer diverting traffic

    to our pods/containers

53. Pods Service 172.100.100.1 172.100.100.2 172.100.100.3

54. Deployments

55. A deployment is a supervisor for pods and replica sets,

    giving you fine-grained control over how and when a new pod version is rolled out as well as rolled back to a previous state.

56. ReplicaSets

57. A ReplicaSet is a supervisor for long-running pods. An RC

    will launch a specified number of pods called replicas and makes sure that they keep running, for example when a node fails or something inside of a pod, that is, in one of its containers goes wrong.

58. ReplicaSets replicas: 5

59. This is all great, but how do I run Kubernetes?

60. Kubernetes Engine https://console.cloud.google.com/kubernetes

61. Creating a cluster

62. None
63. None
64. None

65. $ kubectl

66. https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/kubectl kubectl is a command line interface for running commands

    against Kubernetes clusters

67. $ kubectl get nodes NAME STATUS AGE VERSION Gke-scaling-wordpress-default-pool-3359c7d4-42wv Ready

    1h v1.7.8-gke.0 Gke-scaling-wordpress-default-pool-3359c7d4-6rdr Ready 1h v1.7.8-gke.0 Gke-scaling-wordpress-default-pool-3359c7d4-l6sv Ready 1h v1.7.8-gke.0 Wahey! We have a cluster

68. Autoscaling

69. locust.io

70. Scaling Demo What could go wrong...

71. We’re hiring! https://www.ayima.com/join-us

72. Thank you!

73. Questions?